Search

Grounded in Strategic Leadership Theory (SLT), the exploratory study examined the effects of appraisal frequency on various work-related factors (job satisfaction, perceived board support, and organizational commitment) on executive director's current appraisal experiences. One hundred and sixty-two executive-level professionals in local park and recreation agencies completed an online survey that was used to measure the variables of interest. Results indicated differences in executive directors' job satisfaction, perceived board support, and organizational commitment based on the frequency in which the formal appraisal was administered. Complete and implications for organizations are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The attitudes of twenty-nine managers toward performance appraisal and toward their organization were used to predict differences in mean ratings and measures of discrimination among ratees and performance dimensions. Substantial multiple correlations were obtained for all three dependent variables (between 32 and 46% of the variance in each measure was explained), and several individual correlations were statistically significant. Raters who showed low levels of confidence in the appraisal system, high levels of discomfort, or high levels of instrumental commitment were more likely to provide ratings that were unusually high or that did not discriminate well among ratees and/or dimensions. Raters who showed higher levels of attitudinal commitment or who perceived more risks associated with distorting ratings tended to provide lower ratings and to discriminate among ratees and/or dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethics and associated values influence not only managerial behavior but also managerial success (England and Lee, 1973). Gender socialization theory hypothesizes gender differences in ethics variables whether or not individuals are full time employees; occupational socialization hypothesizes gender similarity in employees. The conflicting hypotheses were investigated using questionnaire responses from a sample of 308 individuals. Analysis of variance and hierarchical regression yielded unexpected results. Although no significant gender differences emerged in individuals lacking full time employment, significant differences existed between employed women and men, with women appearing "more ethical". While occupational socialization predicts an interaction between employment status and gender, these group differences were opposite to those predicted. An implication for the two theories and the current conflicting research support is that these commonly used theories may be of limited usefulness. Some alternative concepts are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]