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This article discusses various issues related to law and theories of overdue negotiable paper. There are three theories of overdue negotiable paper, no one of which has been consistently adopted by the common law. It is consequently difficult, if not impossible, to get either a correct perspective from which to view the cases or an absolute standard by which to measure their correctness. It appears to the article author to be impossible to follow the ordinary method and test the correctness of a case relating to overdue negotiable paper by the application. of the logical deduction and modification of the principles which, underlie the law of negotiable paper before maturity, because to do so would be to condemn almost every case to the limbo of legal error.

The article discusses the Rhode Island admiralty documents and papers. In 1703, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island were constituted one district, and the Rhode Island court was held by a deputy appointed by the judge in Boston. The Vice Admiralty papers start in 1727, run with tantalizing gaps to 1772, and are most complete for 1740-52. After 1752, the papers are extremely fragmentary. With the Revolution and the establishment of a state court of admiralty, the records begin again, and for the period 1776-83 they are substantially complete. In a sense, therefore, the Rhode Island papers complement those of New York, since the latter, in the Vice Admiralty period, are most full for 1754-74, and in the state court run from 1784 to 1788.

The article discusses the internationalization of copyright in the U.S. Accordingly, the paper proceeds in three parts. The first part is the discussion of the details of the internationalization of copyright which provides examples of domestic legislation passed in response to international obligations and standards, and canvasses cases that have taken stock of this new globalized copyright. The second part turns to the handful of scholars who have responded to the new international side of copyright. The third part introduces a new method of judicial review that seeks to bridge the gaps and to respond to what may be the greatest danger of not substantively reviewing domestic law purporting to comply with international obligations.

The article informs that the American political tradition and the antitrust laws make competitive free enterprise both a norm in practice and an ideal of national policy. Those who favor this policy do so on various grounds. They believe that rivalry among competing sellers will lead to improvement of product and reduced prices. The downward pressure on selling prices will also compel a striving for increased efficiency and reduced costs. It is the purpose of this paper to review the work of these administrative agencies and the courts in formulating national economic policy in this area. The central and recurrent problem will be the relative weight to be accorded to the policy of maintaining competition in an industry which by hypothesis is to be governed by competition only to a limited extent.

The article comments on the advancements in the agreement on rules to prevent a conflict of laws. The inconvenience resulting from a conflict of laws between the states of the U.S. on the subject of commercial paper has of late been largely avoided by the general adoption of the Negotiable Instruments' Act, framed by the Annual Conference of the States for Promoting Uniform Legislation. It is from the action of this body that the most is to be hoped for in the future in smoothing the way to general agreement within the United States as to matters of private law.

Comments on the paper by Judge Seymour D. Thompson entitled "The Doctrine of Ultra Vires in Relation to Private Corporations". Review of the ancient doctrine of ultra vires; Outline of the modern doctrine; Arguments against some views of Thompson; Observation that there it is not clear than any tribunal ever gave a consistent adherence to the doctrine which Thompson calls the "ancient doctrine"; Argument against Thompson's assertion that modern developments of the law of Corporate Power are to be explained upon a principle of moral evolution.

The article focuses on the paper "De quelques questions relatives dl'assurance des risques de guerre," by Emile Audouin. It was formerly the practice, he says, for the same policy to cover both ordinary perils of the sea and war risks, for a single premium. But gradually a change was made, until in 1900 the principal marine insurance companies operating in Europe adopted the principle of a special policy for each kind of risk. The change makes necessary an exactness in the legal definition of ordinary and war risks not required before. If the insured has to cover the two in different companies, it is important for him to see that there are no gaps to leave him without protection, as will happen if the war risk contract is held not to cover a loss, which the law governing the ordinary risk contract would not consider the result of an ordinary peril.

Discusses the value in the law of negotiable instruments. Provisions of the Negotiable Instruments Law; Existence of the difference between negotiable paper and other property; Merits of New York case of Stalker v. McDonald.