Search

Dans cette étude, on montrera que les répercussions d'événements graves (accidents, catastrophes, violences terroristes, guerres...) sur des personnes qui n'ont pas assisté directement à ces faits (victimes collatérales) dépendent des histoires de vie et des fragilités antérieures de ces personnes. À la lumière d'un nouvel outil qu'on appellera « Méta-entretien » associé à une analyse structurale de discours, on examinera le cas de Michèle L. en suggérant que l'activité créatrice pourrait constituer une possibilité de réparation des blessures provoquées par ces événements graves. In this study, it will be shown that the repercussions of serious events (accidents, disasters, terrorist violence, wars...) on people who have not directly witnessed these facts (collateral victims) depend on the life stories and previous fragilities of these people. In the light of a new tool called "Meta-interview" associated with a structural analysis of discourse, we will examine the case of Michèle L. by suggesting that creative activity could constitute a possibility of repairing the wounds caused by these serious events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The majority of functional models of language, which purport to account for text, do not recognize the distinct dimension corresponding to "discourse", as conceived here. Instead, the various semantic-pragmatic aspects of the use of indexical expressions, in particular, tend to be conceived uniquely in terms of the textual environment of the markers involved. Correlatively, the invocation of "context" in such approaches tends to be limited essentially to the co-text. But according to the present study, such expressions operate in terms of the mental discourse representations which the participants are jointly as well as severally constructing as the discourse proceeds. The article's aim is to show that the discourse dimension of language use is crucial to the ways in which indexical markers function, and hence should be taken into account in their modelling. This can only be done, it is argued, by integrating their treatment within a model of the broader utterance context in which such expressions are used, thus permitting a dialectic between the system-derived properties of such expressions and those emanating from the particular uses of such resources in actual communication. • The dimensions 'text' and 'discourse' are often confused or conflated by many authors. • For an adequate account of indexical reference, the roles of each meta-dimension need to be distinguished. • Context is the crucial mediating dimension making possible the creation of discourse from text. • Two major functional models of language are examined in terms of this three-way distinction, but are both found wanting. • Integrating indexical reference within a broader model of use will make discourse and context fully relevant alongside text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural forest regrowth on abandoned land represents a major land use change in some regions of Europe. This is driven by various factors related to land abandonment, particularly changing socioeconomic conditions for agriculture and rural depopulation. Little research exists about how the issue is addressed at the policy level. This paper looks into the policymaking related to natural forest regrowth in France and Spain, two countries where land abandonment and natural forest regrowth occur at significant scales. We conduct a policy discourse analysis building upon 27 interviews carried out between 2018 and 2020 with policy actors from various fields that connect with these topics. We find four competing storylines in both countries: extensive agriculture, forestry, landscape conservation, and wilderness. These storylines differ regarding the framing of natural forest regrowth as a problem or an opportunity, and the preferred policy solutions. While storylines rooted in extensive agriculture, landscape conservation and forestry tend to problematize the phenomenon, a wilderness storyline voices an opportunity perspective. In France, a few actors voice elements of an insignificance storyline. Given its spatial importance, natural forest regrowth will likely become more important for future policymaking in the EU. Engaging in further research across disciplines and policy fields is necessary to study the phenomenon and its possible management and governance options. • Policy actors narrate natural forest regrowth on abandoned land through storylines. • Interview results distinguish four storylines on natural forest regrowth. • Three storylines tend to highlight the threat of natural forest regrowth. • Natural forest regrowth has not yet received much political attention. • Shifts towards a rewilding perspective may strengthen an opportunity framing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Engagement as access to school, the wellbeing of the child, and curating diversity. • Parental actions both bridged and distanced the spaces of homes and schools. • The home-school language divide was upheld. • Reasons reflected complex language ideologies and notions of a parent and a family. • Insights are given to revisit theorisations of parental engagement. Persisting divides between 'multilingual homes' and 'monolingual schools' exist around the world, including Flanders, the Dutch-speaking region of Belgium. Applying the lens of space production, we explore how 'parental engagement' is established, and the role it plays in shaping language separation. Discourse analysis on interviews with 24 parents of multilingual children revealed parental engagement as striving for parental access to schools, facilitating the schooling, learning and wellbeing of the child, and curating cultural and linguistic diversity. Parental actions both bridged and distanced 'schools' and 'homes', marking these spaces as intertwined and/or separate based on parents' motivations, reasons and opportunities to become engaged or not. However, the home-school language divide was upheld. Besides reflecting conformity with schooling and the language of schooling, parental rationalisations presented with a drive to preserve the family as independent from schools. These findings provide insights to revisiting theorisations of parental engagement, and its role in reconciling home- and school languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Repair's limited success is often explained through barriers, policies and user acceptance. • The study finds four competing political choices related to repair, requiring attention to facilitate systemic thinking. • A focus on barriers, policies and user acceptance may downplay these political choices and limit systemic thinking. • To facilitate such thinking, reflection of repair scholars, practitioners and policymakers is needed on these choices. • Reflection process raises difficult questions about barriers, policies and acceptance for whom and what mode of repair. Policies intended to promote circular economies have recently gained momentum, but the potential of repair, as a key circular strategy, remains untapped. To explain this issue, repair scholars have focussed on three factors: overcoming barriers, developing better policies and identifying user acceptance. However, this paper argues that these approaches may downplay the tensions and choices involved in repair and, consequently, limit the systemic and transformative thinking required for a shift to repair. It therefore illuminates these choices through an empirical analysis of the discourses of electronics repair in Flanders. Four competing discourses are identified, highlighting the difficult, political choices that need to be made. Two discourses of powerful actors, promoting narrow modes of repair, are gaining influence and reproduce specific, established producer-consumer and labour relations. If repair scholars, policymakers and practitioners neglect such political choices, their analyses may embed and incite impoverished modes of repair. To facilitate systemic and transformative thinking, they need to reflect on these choices by asking difficult questions about barriers, policies and user acceptance for whom, for what repair discourse and for what kind of circular repair economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This paper examines wildlife conservation discourses promoted by hunting companies. • Considers the significance of technology for four hunting companies in the U.S. • Analyzes discourses of technology promoted on company websites. • Finds companies emphasize trophy animals, neoliberalism, and exclusionary politics. • And argues environmentality studies should explicitly consider discursive absences. Understanding dynamics around the neoliberalization of conservation is an important direction within current scholarly research. In this paper, we contribute to these discussions by examining how companies within the hunting industry engage in practices that are reflective of neoliberal environmentality. We conduct a Foucauldian discourse analysis of four companies' websites to interrogate what discourses of technology companies promote to hunters and anglers, how they mobilize these discourses, and how these discourses function to reproduce wildlife conservation-minded subjects and maintain particular beliefs, identities, and practices about both wildlife conservation and conservationists that uphold state conservation objectives. Through our discourse analysis, we find that companies within the hunting industry construct hunter/angler wildlife conservation-minded subjects by educating consumers, legitimizing trophy animals, using identity politics, positioning technology as a conservation(ist's) tool, and through wearing camouflage. Subsequently, we argue these companies present a view of wildlife conservation that problematically privileges neoliberal values, trophy animals, and exclusionary politics, illustrating how discourses of technology function to obscure such issues. Examinations of environmentality must therefore more explicitly consider discursive absences and other hidden aspects of conservation as well as potential consequences of failing to address oversights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le discours dans la relation de soins fait le pont entre la relation humaine et un parcours de soins, permettant aux malades de l'accepter et parfois d'en assumer la pénibilité. Ce discours permet des échanges techniques entre médecins, soignants et patient. Si les conditions d'écoute en profondeur et d'empathie réciproque sont présentes, le discours est le moteur permettant la construction d'une relation humaine, qui s'ajoute au cadre professionnel et le conforte. Cette construction ne se fait pas toujours, souvent en raison des conditions du fonctionnement institutionnel. Une communication sur le soin, limitée à des interactions entre les personnes, se substitue alors à une relation humaine qui n'a pas pu se présentifier. Pour construire la relation dans le soin, soignants et soignés ne peuvent s'appuyer que sur leur ouverture à l'humain, sur leur humilité théorique et respectueuse d'autrui, ainsi que sur le creuset de connaissances communes supportées par l'environnement institutionnel et le cadre scientifique. Le discours des soignants et du soigné vise à homogénéiser les représentations qu'ils se font de la maladie et à cultiver leur confiance réciproque pour construire une relation dans le soin, à la fois tenue sur la durée et mémorisant les temps marquants sur le plan émotionnel ou cognitif du parcours de soins. Il élabore et permet de partager leurs souvenirs communs. The discourse in the care relationship bridges the gap between the human relationship and a course of care, allowing patients to accept it and sometimes to take on the hardship. This discourse allows technical exchanges between doctors, caregivers, and patient. If the conditions for a deep listening and reciprocal empathy are present, discourse is the booster allowing the construction of a human relationship, which keeps and improved the professional framework. This construction is not always done, often because of the institutional operating conditions. Communication on care, limited to interactions between people, replaces then a human relationship that has failed to presentified itself. To build the relationship in care, caregivers and patients can only rely here on their openness to human people, their theoretical humility and respectful of others, as well as the crucible of common knowledge supported by the institutional environment and the scientific framework. The discourse of caregivers and patient aims to homogenize their representations of the disease and to cultivate mutual trust in order to build a relationship in care lasting over time and for both, memorizing key moments on the emotional or the cognitive level during the care circuit. It develops and allows to share their common memories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A discourse analysis was conducted of weight inclusive (WI) studies. • WI studies use stigmatising and weight normative language like 'overweight' and 'obese.' • WI studies use paradoxical language like 'flexible restraint.' • WI studies emphasize personal responsibility rather than broader societal or systemic factors. Weight-neutral approaches to health, like the Health at Every Size® (HAES®) approach arose in response to emerging evidence showing the negative health consequences of weight-focused approaches through the effects of stigma and marginalization in many settings, including healthcare. While the discourses of dominant 'weight-normative' approaches are well-researched and described, little is known about how language and discourse is creating certain 'truths' about weight-neutral approaches. The aim of this study was to explore how academic discourses create truths about weight-neutral approaches to health. A discourse analysis of 63 academic journal articles was conducted. We found that the language used in academic literature is creating confusing and contradictory messages about weight and weight-neutral approaches to health (like the HAES® approach) through: (i) the continued use of stigmatising and normative labels like 'overweight' and 'obese', (ii) paradoxical language like 'flexible restraint', and (iii) a focus on individual responsibility and blame for health and weight without acknowledgement of broader societal and systemic factors. More research is needed to characterize weight-neutral approaches and develop a clearer framework for researchers wishing to engage with the weight-neutral paradigm of health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Care theory and critical discourse analysis were utilized to examine bilingual reference interactions extracted from 20 h of observations in a U.S.-Mexico border town public library. The researchers identified three types of caring discourse, including commiseration, soothing, and expressions of condolence. They also associated five conversation devices with caring discourse: humor, idiomatic expressions, interjections, lexical intensifiers, and whispering. Notably, librarians' infrequent production of elements of care were primarily in English regardless of community members' language choice. Further analysis revealed that linguistic expressions of care frequently masked unintentional, deficit-based perceptions about community members. Other salient themes that emerged include camouflaged community members' needs, clashes between intersectional and shared identity(ies), and librarians' dismissal of community members. Ultimately, bilingual caring discourse in this setting was often an interpersonal and institutional illusion. • Care theory is a valuable framework to investigate reference discourse in public libraries. • Critical discourse analysis illuminates forms of linguistic care in bilingual reference interactions. • Indicators of commiseration, soothing, and condolence masked unintentional, deficit-based stereotypes. • Librarians produced caring discourse infrequently and primarily in English regardless of community members' language choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 outbreak has prompted the growing recognition and reevaluation of vulnerability theory as proposed by Fineman (2008), which emphasizes the central role of the state in protecting citizens from their 'vulnerability' by providing their access to 'resilience'. It challenges the traditional construction of 'vulnerability' and 'resilience' in liberal discourse, which has typically emphasized individual capabilities over community roles. To investigate the impact of this recognition on the construction of 'vulnerability' and 'resilience' in liberal feminism discourse during COVID-19, discourse analysis was conducted among nine COVID-19-related briefings from the Fawcett Society website. Two main changes in liberal feminism discourse were revealed in this research. First, there has been a shift from a focus on self-resilience among women's groups to an acknowledgement of their weakened resilience in front of COVID-19. Second, liberal feminists delve into the passive characteristic of 'vulnerability' during COVID-19, recognizing the susceptibility of women's groups to their inner mental issues. The discourse constructed by liberal feminists during COVID-19, as evidenced by the collected briefings from the Fawcett Society website, also reveals the 'hidden social inequality' that existed in the long-standing undervaluation of socially reproductive workers, which has been exposed by the pandemic and necessary the need for increased social recognition of their role in maintaining daily social functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic and policy domains are increasingly constructing 'migration as adaptation' as a policy ideal against alarmist, security-oriented approaches to the climate-migration nexus. However, our knowledge of how development actors in national contexts view and use migration as adaptation in practice remains limited. Based on 90 interviews with development stakeholders, this paper demonstrates the limited reach of the migration as adaptation policy ideal in Senegal's development sector. It is considered too vague a concept to operationalise and is in tension with the wider discursive context on migration and development, marked by sedentary bias which requires 'addressing the root causes of migration', including environmental change, to 'fix populations in place'. A dominant discourse accommodates sedentary bias. It allows for a narrow application of migration as adaptation through 'return migration' and 'diaspora mobilisation' projects. These target only existing migrants, avoiding new mobility solutions. A minority counter-discourse rejects sedentary bias, emphasising freedom of movement. • We investigated uptake and use of migration as adaptation discourses in Senegal. • Interest in migration as climate adaptation strategy is growing but superficial. • Sedentary bias in Senegalese development sector: migration seen as failure to adapt. • Dominant discourse opposes new migrations but turns to diaspora for adaptation goals. • Minority discourse emphasises freedom of movement, but not climate justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Coal phase-out is vital to address climate change. • Two discourse coalitions sought to influence coal phase-out policy in Germany. • The anti-coal coalition was very stable, congruent and had a strong actor base. • Both coalitions, and their storylines, left their mark on the phase-out law. • Discourse network analysis allows us to systematically study discourse coalitions. Discourse analysis is gaining attention in transition studies. This paper uses discourse network analysis (DNA) to study how discourse coalitions, and the storylines they mobilize, change over time. Drawing from archival data of two daily newspapers, we analyze the struggle over coal phase-out in Germany (2000–2020). We identify an anti-coal discourse coalition, which was stable and ideationally congruent over time. It used climate change as the dominant storyline to delegitimize coal. The phase-out policy decision in 2020 can be interpreted as the success of this coalition. The pro-coal coalition, in contrast, was more dispersed and less consistent in their arguments. Nonetheless, it was able to institutionalize some of its key storylines in the final policies. We argue that DNA is a powerful tool we can mobilize in sustainability transitions research for the study of politics and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent escalation of the farmer-pastoralist conflicts in Nigeria has seen a resurgence in the scholarly inquiry into the conflicts. Discourse analysis approaches to the study of the conflicts have emerged, but existing studies have not examined the transformation and adaptation of the conflicts' discourse. This study uses constructivist grounded theory to examine the transformation and adaptation of the farmer-pastoralist conflict discourse based on interviews in the Benue Valley of Nigeria's Middle Belt region. In addition, it develops a novel and sophisticated analytical framework to explicate this process, which previous studies have not done. Thus, this paper advances the existing studies of farmer-pastoralist conflict discourse by explaining how discourses interlink, transform and adapt to various social conditions. It shows how Islamization discourse external to farmer-herder conflict discourse assemblage becomes integrated into the resource competition discourse of the latter through relations of exteriority, transforming the discourse and adapting it to reflect the socio-political conditions of wider Nigerian society. It explains this articulation of Islamization discourse through a novel framing of relations of exteriority, where elements are transferred between discourse assemblages without detachment. It transforms the farmer-herder conflict discourse by retaining the element of land grabs within the resource competition discourse while disarticulating other elements. The paper demonstrates this by conceptualizing discourses as dynamic and interconnected, drawing on articulation and assemblage thinking concepts. The territorialization and deterritorialization of elements from different discourse assemblages, desires, and narrative framing contribute to this transformation and adaptation of the discourse process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the environment of open science, the transformation of scientific exchange and research paradigms urgently needs diversified and open scientific evaluation. This study aims to advance the construction of academic journals, reform the quantitative evaluation mechanism, and provide references for promoting the international discourse power of Chinese academic journals. It also aims to enrich and improve the indicator system and evaluation theory of the discourse power of academic journals with Chinese characteristics. Firstly, this paper analyzes the fundamental concerns of the discourse power evaluation of academic journals, drawing on the theory of evaluation science, discourse power theory, and communication theory. According to the characteristics and connotation of the evaluation indicators, the definition and formation process of academic journals' discourse power, this paper constructed. the evaluation indicator system. Secondly, this paper obtained 163,628 international citations and 211,150 domestic citations, and 111,496 altmetrics indicators data for 29,203 published papers from 238 Chinese English-language journals. Meanwhile, 12 scientometrics indicators and 14 altmetrics indicators are selected. Thirdly, descriptive statistical analysis and an overview indexed by international databases are carried out at the macro level. Then, correlation analysis, factor analysis, entropy weight method and TOPSIS method are adopted to evaluate and analyze the discourse influence and discourse leading in Chinese English-language journals by integrating scientometrics and altmetrics indicators. Finally, Two-dimensional and four quadrant method is used to evaluate academic journals' discourse power. At the same time, this paper compares and verifies the reliability of the evaluation results. The findings demonstrate that the research on the academic journals' discourse power evaluation based on the theory, method and application logic is practical, comprehensive and reliable. This paper also puts forward the countermeasures to enhance the discourse power of Chinese academic journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

● Pesticides were discussed differently in the mainstream and farming press. ● Mainstream press focused on pesticide pollution and harm, farming press on remedies and solutions by the farming sector. ● Storylines related to topics were uttered by two distinct discourse coalitions seeking to de- vs. relegitimize pesticides. ● Incremental changes were made to pesticide policies, integrating some of the critique. ● Through integration of the critique, the incumbent regime likely managed to (re)stabilize. Societal concerns about pesticides and their negative effects have increased significantly in recent years. These concerns cumulated into discursive struggles over pesticide legitimacy. Although the emerging transition towards low-pesticide agriculture has become an important area of research, our understanding of those pesticide discourses and their function in (de)stabilizing the pesticide regime is still limited. This study reveals the discursive elements by investigating topics, storylines and discourse coalitions and links them to policy and regime changes. The paper's argument is being built on the case of pesticide discourses in Switzerland. A corpus of 2,523 articles from the mainstream and farming press covering the period from 2011 to 2022 is analyzed by combining topic modeling and discourse analysis. The results show how two broad, distinct discourse coalitions competed by employing de- versus relegitimizing storylines. They also indicate that the external contestation rather led to a (preliminary) regime stabilization than to its destabilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hashtag #secondcivilwarletters emerged after conservative media personality Alex Jones tweeted that Democratic Party supporters were planning a Second Civil War. The resultant tweets mimicked the style of American Civil War soldiers' letters home, delivering often scathing commentary and critique of contemporary U.S politics, in particular in opposition to President Trump. While this was often accomplished through direct reference to socio-political events, the tweets also utilised food references as a means of indexing particular social identities and ideological positions and related political alignment. The emergent indexicalities demonstrate four key food-related indexical fields: Nutrition, Hipster, Basic, and MAGA. The analysis shows how these indexicalities demonstrate aspects of contemporary classism in the US alongside the partisanship underpinning the #secondcivilwarletters community. • Tweeters affiliated around the #secondcivilwarletters hashtag to express political views and commentary. • Food references in #secondcivilwarletters tweets perform indexical work. • The tweets and food references index partisanship and classism through the various references made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The concept of sustainable supply chains is political. • Framing of sustainability by different discourses affects how visibility is created. • Transparency choices affect legitimacy, fairness and sustainability outcomes. • A simplistic understanding of transparency may lead to implications for livelihoods. • Visibility without engagement jeopardizes success of zero deforestation commitments. Large-scale agricultural production and trade of commodities is linked to deforestation risk in the tropics. This article explores political discourses of deforestation risk in the bovine leather supply chain in Brazil. It discusses how specific interpretations and practices of transparency in the leather supply chain affect legitimacy, fairness and sustainability outcomes. The article applies a political discourse analysis to data collected in multiple localities in Brazil between May and July 2018. The data entails thirty-nine semi-structured, recorded, and transcribed interviews, in the form of both face-to-face and video call interviews. We find that the concept of sustainable supply chains is as much a political term, as it is an economic and managerial term. The results show that different discourses articulate deforestation risk of bovine leather differently and highlights how the storylines of each discourse bring attention both to what is made visible and invisible in relation to sustainability, legitimacy, and fairness. Moreover, the results emphasise the importance of the role and voice of frontier settlers, by presenting how their storylines inform a political discourse on livelihoods. We argue that a simplistic understanding of transparency may lead to negative implications for livelihoods and sustainability outcomes. Accordingly, there is a need for increased public scrutiny of supply chains, including the leather one, and for special attention to unequal power relations and the importance of meaningful inclusion of vulnerable groups and populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Implicit discourse relation recognition is the performance bottleneck of discourse structure analysis. To alleviate the shortage of training data, previous methods usually use explicit discourse data, which are naturally labeled by connectives, as additional training data. However, it is often difficult for them to integrate large amounts of explicit discourse data because of the noise problem. In this paper, we propose a simple and effective method to leverage massive explicit discourse data. Specifically, we learn connective-based word embeddings (CBWE) by performing connective classification on explicit discourse data. The learned CBWE is capable of capturing discourse relationships between words, and can be used as pre-trained word embeddings for implicit discourse relation recognition. On both the English PDTB and Chinese CDTB data sets, using CBWE achieves significant improvements over baselines with general word embeddings, and better performance than baselines integrating explicit discourse data. By combining CBWE with a strong baseline, we achieve the state-of-the-art performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mackenzie (2020) is a defense of the position adopted by the architects of the standard model of Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG): namely that the model cannot (and even could never) be considered a 'grammar of discourse'. The article examines the arguments given for rejecting the 'discourse' dimension from the FDG model, proposes an independent account of discourse, and suggests a means of dovetailing it within a model of the wider utterance context. On the one hand, the author's arguments are in the main valid: for 'discourse', as characterized in section 3, is not a formal, clearly delineated object amenable to systematic treatment within a grammatical model of a given language. Yet on the other, it is arguable that even the presence of the term 'discourse' in the model's name is not in fine justified. Notwithstanding, in order to include the 'discourse dimension' (section 3), it is argued that the Core FDG model could be integrated with a broader model of the utterance context involved. This would enable it to account more adequately, for example, for the ways in which indexical reference, the lexicon and adjectival modification operate in actual texts. In turn, it would influence certain of the other characterizations independently assigned within the Core model. • For its architects , Functional Discourse Grammar could never be a discourse grammar. • For discourse is not amenable to systematic treatment within a formal grammar model. • Yet in fact even the term 'discourse' in the model's name is not fully justified. • A solution: complement the model with one dealing with the broader context of use. • This in turn will impact on certain of the characterizations yielded by the Core model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Commission is pursuing a circular bioeconomy to tackle pressing sustainability challenges, such as climate change and fossil dependency. Previous bioeconomy policy studies demonstrated the existence of competing bioeconomy discourses in the European Union. However, it remains nebulous how such discursive conflicts emerge and change, particularly in online settings. In this paper, we provide a more in-depth analysis of how argumentative changes of actors alter the network of online dynamic discourse coalitions. We base our findings on interviews and a qualitative discourse network analysis of 9983 tweets about European Union bioeconomy policies from the period 2008 – 2021. Our results indicate that initially, expert debates centred around storylines on bioeconomy advantages. After the 2012 Bioeconomy Strategy, the debate diversified with the entry of new actors and storylines. Two discourse coalitions, 'Green future' and 'Planetary boundaries', emerged around conflicting storyline clusters. In the aftermath of the 2018 Bioeconomy Strategy update, the debate simplified into core argumentations of few, highly conflicting storylines, leading to a polarization of the two discourse coalitions. Storyline hijacking further added to polarization and conflict. Understanding the evolution of online dynamic discourse coalitions provides new opportunities for practitioners to open up discourses towards storylines from other parts of the discourse network. This can help to prevent locking-in the limited range of solutions in congruence with the dominant 'Green future' discourse. [Display omitted] • The future of the bioeconomy in the EU is discussed controversially on X/Twitter. • Storyline diversification and simplification dynamics led to polarization. • The EU Commission is almost exclusively part of one side of the discourse network. • EU bioeconomy debates head towards a problematic discursive lock-in. • To open up the debate, include ideas of other parts of the discourse network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • There is a lack of evidence to motivate TBI treatment beyond the word level. • Some discourse-based treatments have improved language in TBI. • The treatment focuses on meta-cognitive and meta-linguistic strategies. • Participant demonstrated improve language ability following treatment. • The study's effects were maintained 1-month post treatment. Abstract Background Individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) present with numerous discourse deficits associated with impairments to the linguistic system and other cognitive systems. Individuals with TBI may produce discourse that is lacking important information and poorly organized, as well as containing numerous coherence disrupting elements. Yet there are few studies directly addressing discourse deficits in individuals with TBI to guide clinicians. Aims The purpose of the study was to determine if discourse processing treatment improved the discourse production in individual with TBI. Aims of the study included determining if the discourse processing treatment improved completeness and informativeness in TBI discourse samples. Methods & procedures The study included three participants with mild-to-moderate TBI. The study utilized an A-B with maintenance design that incorporated components of functional practice, structured cues in the form of comprehension questions and story guide, and meta-cognitive and meta-linguistic processes. Discourse samples were obtained for baseline, treatment, and maintenance one-week and one-month post treatment. Stimuli included 12 sequential pictures, as well as a single picture and a recount probe. Outcomes & results All participants demonstrated small gains in completeness and informativeness for treated items, and 2 of 3 participants demonstrated a medium therapeutic effect for untreated stimuli. Participants also produced discourse with fewer errors for both treated and untreated stimuli after treatment with no therapeutic effect to a small effect for the generalization stimuli. Conclusions The study demonstrated that the discourse processing treatment is capable of producing small therapeutic effects that persisted one-month post treatment in adults with mild-to-moderate TBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physicians are well-known for safeguarding medical professionalism by performing institutional work in their daily practices. However, this study shows how opinion-making physicians in strategic arenas (i.e. national professional bodies, conferences and high-impact journals) advocate to reform medical professionalism by discursively framing physicians as leaders. The aim of this article is to critically investigate the use of leadership discourse by these opinion-making physicians. By performing a discursive analysis of key documents produced in these strategic arenas and additional observations of national conferences, this article investigates how leadership discourse is used and to what purpose. The following key uses of medical leadership discourses were identified: (1) regaining the lead in medical professionalism, (2) disrupting ‘old’ professional values, and (3) constructing the ‘modern’ physician. The analysis reveals that physicians as ‘leaders’ are expected to become team-players that work across disciplinary and organizational boundaries to improve the quality and affordability of care. In comparison to management that is negatively associated with NPM reform, leadership discourse is linked to positive institutional change, such as decentralization and integration of care. Yet, it is unclear to what extent leadership discourses are actually incorporated on the work floor and to what effect. Future studies could therefore investigate the uptake of leadership discourses by rank and file physicians to investigate whether leadership discourses are used in restricting or empowering ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores value chain governance through a discourse approach to an event which included an exhibition and a conference. This approach appears promising for investigating industries in their formative phase and is particularly relevant for new renewable energy sectors. By studying the European offshore wind value chain, the paper investigates the coupling between wind industries and offshore industries as an encounter of various conventions. The key speakers at the conference, particularly those from the utility companies, introduced new principles for organizing the value chains they are leading, in order to reduce costs, and turn the immature sector into a mature one. Their storyline of industrialization by standardization breaks, however, with the storyline demonstrated by the firms in offshore oil and gas, and maritime industries at the exhibition. The latter offshore suppliers find evidence of quality in their business history and their trust-based relations to their clients. Theoretically the paper contributes to the global value chain governance debate by offering another perspective on power. The discourse approach helps us explain how influential actors could enforce one convention over another. The paper contributes methodically by suggesting a discourse approach to events. Events appear as a significant arena for negotiating industry formation and convenient for researcher’s data gathering for text analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Italian adverbial clitics vi and ci , both routinely glossed ‘there,’ are not synonymous but instead are signals of opposing meanings in a grammatical system of Restrictedness of Space. Vi means more Restricted, and ci means less Restricted. Operating at the discourse level, the two meanings function to direct attention onto the relevant conceptual space for each event in a narrative. Conceptual space includes physical places, subject matter complements, and realms of existential constructions. The semantic hypothesis accounts both for quantitative patterns observed in stretches of discourse and for the respective interpretive effects of the two clitics and for their absence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research contributes to an important yet overlooked theme in sustainability transitions scholarship: the role of normative deliberation in large-scale systemic change. We adopt the term “moral entrepreneur” to describe the deliberate efforts to change institutionalized moral norms, and thus foster sustainability transitions. We adopt an interdisciplinary approach and, by drawing on the institutional lens, synthesize the multi-level perspective from sustainability transitions studies with the scholarship on discursive action from organization and management studies to explore the mechanisms by which moral entrepreneurs contribute to transformative change. Based on an analysis of the creation of the American national parks in the early 20th century and specifically John Muir’s role therein, we argue that moral entrepreneurs trigger landscape level changes by gradually disassociating rules and practices from their moral foundations through engaging in a macro-systemic discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the use of ‘like’ as a discourse-pragmatic marker by recently-arrived Polish and Chinese migrants in Dublin, Ireland. The data comprises 14 hours of audio-recorded sociolinguistic interviews with 42 participants, including a control sample of six native Irish English speakers. The frequency of ‘like’ is investigated, along with its variable positioning within the clause, and its discourse-pragmatic function. In total 926 tokens are examined, and statistical tests, including fixed and mixed effects regression models, are used to determine the significance of the results. The results show that the frequency of ‘like’ among the non-native speakers reaches the levels of the native speakers after approximately three years of residence in Ireland. Proficiency in English is not found to be significant, suggesting that it is exposure to native speaker input that drives this acquisition. The results also show that ‘like’ in clause-final position, considered to be an emblematic feature of Irish English (and a ‘non-standard’ feature of world Englishes more generally), was employed significantly more often by the native Dubliners, with no effect in this instance for length of residence among the migrants. As regards the function of ‘like’, it was found to be used predominantly to illustrate, explain or introduce information. ‘Like’ in clause-final position was also found to be used as a mitigator or hedge, predominantly by the Irish, and particularly in short statements of personal opinion that could be perceived as face-threatening or opposing the interlocutor's views. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews discourse-based approaches to language attitudes in terms of their contributions to understanding the creation of socio-indexical meaning in metalinguistic discourse. It proposes a five-level typology of approaches which includes topic-oriented, linguistic, cognitive, interactional, and rhetorical analyses. The article discusses the ways in which different types of analyses expose various aspects of social-semiotic and meta-semiotic processes involved in constructions of sociolinguistic indexical relations in the local interactional and larger contextual frames. The paper argues in favor of integrated discourse-based approaches and illustrates the potential of a rhetorical approach to serve as a unifying framework for blending analytical levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined spatial story representations created by speaker's cohesive gestures. Participants were presented with three-sentence discourse with two protagonists. In the first and second sentences, gestures consistently located the two protagonists in the gesture space: one to the right and the other to the left. The third sentence (without gestures) referred to one of the protagonists, and the participants responded with one of the two keys to indicate the relevant protagonist. The response keys were either spatially congruent or incongruent with the gesturally established locations for the two participants. Though the cohesive gestures did not provide any clue for the correct response, they influenced performance: the reaction time in the congruent condition was faster than that in the incongruent condition. Thus, cohesive gestures automatically establish spatial story representations and the spatial story representations remain activated in a subsequent sentence without any gesture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to recognize and categorize the various ways that ecosystem services researchers perceive the concept and purpose of ecosystem services (ES). To do so, we employed the discourse analysis approach of Q methodology, where 33 researchers ranked 39 statements on ES derived from the literature. Factor analysis of the Q sorts allowed for the interpretation of five main perspectives on ES: a pragmatic view on nature conservation, seeing ES as useful tool (“Non-Economic Utilitarian”), a strongly value-focused perspective with a skeptical view on ES (“Critical Idealist”), an opposition to a utilitarian approach to nature conservation but seeing ES as more encompassing approach (“Anti-Utilitarian”), a focus on a methodological rather than a critical approach to ES (“Methodologist”), and a rather economic approach to environmental decision-making, in which ES is a useful tool (“Moderate Economist”). We see this plurality as illustrating both the potential of the ES concept to serve as a boundary object for collaboration, but also the threat of ineffective collaboration due to the lack of a common conceptual ground. However, as pluralism can be fruitful if handled transparently, we suggest the need for open dialogue about underlying assumptions when using a value-laden concept like ES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the incorporation of discourse-pragmatic features from English into Serbian, proposing the term ‘pragmatic Anglicisms’ to denote a range of directly or indirectly borrowed forms from English with pragmatic functions. The article offers a descriptive and taxonomic framework for the study of pragmatic Anglicisms in Serbian and analyzes their formal and functional characteristics, as well as sociolinguistic, sociopragmatic and sociocultural aspects of their use, related to the users, registers, stylistic and communicative markedness, motivational factors, perception and evaluation by Serbian native speakers, post hoc effects, and cultural influences. Apart from the commonly identified classes, such as interjections and discourse markers, the article recognizes the use of (calqued) discourse formulas from English in situations where there are either existing Serbian ones or a discourse ‘gap’ (i.e. when both the previously non-existent communicative act and the formulaic expression are adopted from English). This subclass is particularly interesting since it is not only a novel linguistic element that is thus introduced, but a novel communication and cultural pattern from the Anglo-American globalizing culture that gets adopted through new discourse formulas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine micro- and macrolinguistic underpinnings of circumstantiality in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), we examined the elicited narrative output of 15 individuals with TLE and 14 controls. To replicate and extend Field and colleagues' (2000) work, participants were asked to produce five immediately consecutive elicitations of an eight-frame cartoon "Cowboy Story" (Joanette et al., 1986). Following transcription and coding, detailed multi-level discourse analysis demonstrated a typical pattern of compression in controls. The narratives produced by individuals with TLE were less fluent, cohesive, and coherent across trials: producing fewer novel units and more repetitive and extraneous content. Significant group by trial interactions in sample length, spontaneous duration, and statements, were not explained by seizure burden, age, or lexical retrieval deficits. These findings suggest that they do not benefit from repeated engagement with a narrative in the same manner as controls. Disturbed social cognition and pragmatics in TLE might underpin communication inefficiencies. • A multi-centre multi-level discourse analysis examined narrative discourse in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). • Individuals with TLE do not benefit from repeating a narrative in the same way that neurologically normal individuals do. • Individuals with TLE fail to compress discourse and instead introduce more repetitive and extraneous content. • Their narratives are less fluent, cohesive, and coherent than controls which reflects inefficient discourse processing. • Disturbed pragmatics in TLE might underpin communication inefficiencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learner talk, a neglected area of study in the literature of language advising for second language (L2) learners, deserves more attention. With reference to multiple qualitative sources of data obtained from interviews and tutor-learner recorded conversations, this paper delineates learners' behaviors, strategies and contribution to language learning in tutor-dominant writing consultations. More importantly, it reveals the relationships between self-perception and learning behaviors via learning strategies. Nine native and non-native English-speaking writing tutors and 23 L2 learners from different disciplines participated in the study. Three types of L2 learners and 11 learning strategies were identified and analyzed based on the self-reported data and transcribed conversations. Analysis showed that the identified strategies signify the learners' behaviors and varied degrees of readiness to engage actively in learning by obtaining language input from tutors through some self-initiated acts, demonstrating selfawareness of their problems and establishing rapport with tutors to accomplish the learning task. Implications for teaching and future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the use of sexist humor targeting a woman politician in public comments online. We examine the case of a Philippine woman senator and analyze jokes about her alleged sex video that was raised in a state congressional proceeding and became the object of public talk in media and online spaces. Using Positioning Theory as a discursive approach to conceptualize sexist humor, we understand sexist jokes as acts of positioning that evoke storylines, construct identities, and claim rights and duties. We argue that sexist humor as used in a political context has a social force of not only maligning a woman but also of delegitimizing her as a woman politician. We identified two sets of storylines within sexist jokes in relation to the alleged sex video, positioning her as an "animal" and making her the object of disgust and positioning her as a "moral threat" and questioning her moral capacity and legitimacy. The woman politician consequently lost the right to be respected as a woman, as a person, and as a politician, whereas the public gained the right to be sexist and denigrate women. We discuss implications of sexist humor in online public discourse and pose questions on the possibility and difficulty of counter-talk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We attempted to replicate a foundational study by Cutler and Fodor (1979). • Cutler and Fodor found shorter reaction times to words focused by preceding questions. • They argued that both discourse and prosody guide attention to new information. • We successfully replicated their findings using updated statistical analyses. We report the results of a replication attempt of a foundational study by Cutler and Fodor (1979). This study sparked several lines of research into the role of information structure in language comprehension, based on the proposal that discourse characteristics, prosodic focus, and syntactic focusing constructions may all guide the comprehender's attention to new important information. Using a phoneme monitoring task, Cutler and Fodor reported that word-initial phonemes in acoustically identical sentences were identified faster when the word had been focused, as opposed to de-focused, by a preceding question. This influential finding has not been replicated using current experimental and statistical standards. Additionally, later research on this topic has deviated considerably from Cutler and Fodor's original proposal and has led to contradictory results. We attempted to replicate the original study following current standards for performing statistical analyses and assessed whether the results of these analyses differ from those obtained from analyses more similar to those conducted originally. We found that in our data, the critical interaction between focus and target position reported by Cutler and Fodor replicates using both the original and the updated analyses, while the two (less important) main effects of focus and target position were only replicated using the updated analyses. This replication provides a stronger foundation to these diverging lines of research, and it is likely to spark new investigations into information structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a 2004 special issue of Geoforum , McCarthy and Prudham argued that the connections between neoliberalism and the environment had been underexplored in critical scholarship. In an attempt to address this gap, the special issue reflected on a number of different case studies and set the stage for a decade of analysis and critique. This paper aims to contribute to the increasing body of literature by presenting a detailed theoretical analysis of neoliberal environmentalism and its role in modern society. Specifically, the paper focuses on one particular environmental issue – climate change – and uses it to categorise six discourses that either conform to the principles of neoliberalism (reformist) or reject neoliberal ideas (revolutionary). Drawing on interviews with designated ‘climate champions’ (individuals who are given responsibility for promoting climate protecting behaviour) in large corporations, the paper then demonstrates how this kind of typological framework might be applied to the analysis of neoliberal environmentalism in the ‘real world’. The paper finds that neoliberalism played a very influential role in the promotion of climate protecting behaviour in the workplace. However, there was also some limited evidence of resistance in the form of revolutionary discourses and ideas. Going forwards, the typological framework may provide a valuable analytical tool to assess the dominance and resistance of neoliberal environmentalism in the modern world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disparity of access to transportation also affects access to essential urban resources, particularly for lower income populations and minorities. Studies have shown how current transportation planning practices are dominated by the notion of planners as experts that produce the knowledge of future transportation needs using a series of analytical steps and computer modeling. Consequently, existing practices such as transport modeling perpetuate barriers to mobility and lack of accessibility, and therefore, there is a need to make explicit how these existing practices exclude particular population groups. Using the Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) Metropolitan Area as a case study, this paper makes a stronger connection between the assumptions planners make regarding transportation needs and goals with everyday travel experiences of a variety of residents. This research utilizes travel diaries to provide in-depth understandings of individual’s travel experiences from various neighborhoods in the DFW Region to understand how differences in mobility and accessibility affect access to places. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper analyses the emergence and characteristics of Israeli Medical Association (IMA) discourse on health inequality in Israel during the years 1977–2010. The IMA addressed the issue of health inequality at a relatively late stage in time (2000), as compared to other OECD countries such as the UK, and did so in a relatively limited way, focusing primarily on professional or economic interests. The dominant discourses on health inequalities within the IMA are biomedical and behavioral, characterized by a focus on medical and/or cultural and behavioral differences, the predominant use of medical terminology, and an individualistic rather than a structural conceptualization of the social characteristics of health differences. Additionally, IMA discourses emphasize certain aspects of health inequality such as the geographical and material inequities, and in doing so overlook the role played by class, nationality and the unequal structure of citizenship. Paradoxically, by disregarding the latter, the IMA's discourse on health inequality has the potential to reinforce the structural causes of these inequities. Our research is based on a textual critical discourse analysis (CDA) of hundreds of documents from the IMA's scientific medical journal, the IMA's members journal and public IMA documents such as press-releases, Knesset protocols, publications, and public surveys. By providing knowledge on the different ways in which the IMA, a key stakeholder in the health field, de-codifies, understands, explains, and attempts to deal with health inequality, the article illuminates possible implications on health policy and seeks to evaluate the direct interventions carried out by the IMA, or by other actors influenced by it, pertaining to health inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This brief ‘conceptual’ paper offers some reflections on the status of ‘subjectivity’ in language. Section 1 highlights the differences and correlations between a few of the major current concepts of subjectivity, notably the ‘general’ ones by Traugott (1989) , Traugott and Dasher, 2002 ) and Langacker (1990, 1999, 2008) , and the specific one(s) as postulated in the context of the analysis of modal expressions ( Nuyts, 2001, 2012 ). Section 2 then zooms in on the ‘functional’ role in language use of the modality-related – or probably more accurately, attitude-related – dimension, focusing on its discursive status. Section 3 , finally, returns to the issue of how the major notions of subjectivity discussed in Section 1 relate, and how this can only be understood with reference to both the conceptual and the discursive status of the phenomena at stake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within contemporary Western contexts, positive aging discourses are a key aspect of structured mandates for how to think about and act toward aging bodies. This study adds to previous work on embodiment that has situated how aging bodies are managed by focusing on the body as an aspect of retirement preparation, and critically considering how the imperative to govern the aging body in ways consistent with being a ‘good’ neoliberal citizen circulated through positive aging discourses is negotiated by aging individuals. Utilizing narrative data from a study addressing the discursive re-shaping and narrative negotiation of retirement within the Canadian context conducted with 30 informants aged 45 to 83, this paper draws upon a governmentality perspective to critically analyze ways informants talked about their aging bodies as part of preparing for and moving into retirement. Overall, the findings illustrate how informants embodied positive aging discourses and, in turn, embodied neoliberal rationality particularly in taking up the call to attend to the body as part of the broadening of retirement planning within a neoliberal context in which health, social, financial and other responsibilities are increasingly shifted toward individuals. Although informants described realizing some of the promises offered up with positive aging discourses, such as a sense of youthfulness and bodily control, their narratives also point to detrimental individual and social implications that can arise out of the limits of bodily practices, the need for perpetual risk management, an aversion to oldness, and attributions of failure. As such, this study raises concerns about the implications of the intersections of positive aging discourses and the neoliberal agenda of activation, responsibilization and individualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the use of tag questions in Italian conversation. We propose a classification of their discourse functions, and provide an account of their syntactic and discourse contexts. The data used are recordings of conversation in several settings: experimental game settings, a reality TV show, and TV and radio talk shows, for a total of 60.4 h. The analysis uncovered seven main functions, some of which do not conform to existing classifications in the literature. We explore the relationship between these functions and the conversational settings in which they are used, their placement within the utterance, and their relationship with asymmetries in participants’ leadership roles in specific settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A report from the market research firm Ambient Insight indicated that by 2015, 25 million post-secondary students in the United States could be enrolled in an online course ( Adkins, 2011 ). As a consequence, they argued, we will see a decline in student enrollment in physical classrooms. In fact, the report estimated a five-year decline of 22 percent (from 14.4 million in 2010 to 4.1 million in 2015) in students attending traditional classrooms. Yet, in the face of these projections and despite innovation in educational technologies, there remains a consistent number of academics who are concerned that the quality of online instruction is not equal to face-to-face (f2f) encounters ( Allen & Seaman, 2011 ). It is this question—a question of learning and how to facilitate high quality experiences—that we take up in this article. This question forces us to consider simultaneously: 1) what are the conditions that are necessary for learning to occur in online spaces, and 2) what are the best practices associated with effective learning these environments? To these ends, we focus on the characteristics of digital informal learning environments and on how these environments are constructed rhetorically and primarily discursively via deliberate facilitation strategies focused on encouraging learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding why people attempt to remove, relocate, or restrict books in an age of ubiquitous access is one of the more puzzling aspects of contemporary challenge cases. In order to better comprehend this largely symbolic phenomenon, this study focused on the arguments that book challengers employed to justify the removal, relocation, or restriction of books in 13 challenge cases in public libraries and schools across the United States between 2007 and 2011. Three sources of discourse, which were coded for common themes, were analyzed. The first consisted of a variety of documents, obtained via state open record requests to governing bodies, which were produced in the course of challenge cases. Recordings of book challenge public hearings constituted the second source of data. The third source of discourse consisted of interviews with challengers. The study found the following common themes in challengers' worldviews: First, they saw contemporary society as being in a state of decline and were concerned with preserving the innocence of children in the midst of this decay. Second, they constructed public institutions as symbols of the community that must represent their values and aid parents in their difficult role as boundary setters. Finally, challengers demonstrated a reverence for the books as a material object and employed common sense interpretive strategies. It is hoped that this analysis will offer a starting point for comparing the discourse of challengers to the discourse of other social actors and aid librarians and other information professionals in providing effective responses to challengers to materials in their respective institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The attachment theory and its evolution in the area of adult attachment, offers a new paradigm to study the mental processes laying underneath the attachment representations, through the reading of different forms of enunciation as well as the way subjective experiences are told. The main objective of our study was to find and unveil the different types of discourse in depressed subjects, through an analysis procedure of semi-structured interviews. This procedure is inspired from Edicode, an attachment paradigm. The study involves a group of 23 women suffering from depression along with another group of 20 women with a melanoma history. Both groups took part in semi-structured interviews, which were then transcribed and analyzed following the Edicode method and double cotation. The results were then compared to another reference witness group. The results show an obvious fall of adequation factor in depressed subjects, which in the Edicode protocole indicate a preoccupied attachement. Also a drop in the reflexivity and coherence dimensions in both somatic and depressed groups as opposed the reference witness group. We can discuss, on one hand, the links between preoccupied attachment in depressed subjects along with the difficulties in treating cognitive and emotional informations when it comes to present and past relations. On the other hand, it seems that there are difficulties in regulating and in mentalizing in both groups as opposed to the reference witness group and results show anxiety and lack of certainty when it comes to the disease and its evolution. The latter leads us to consider more specifically the present psychological state of the subject and the way he manages and deals with the disease along with aspects of the therapeutic alliance in the medical environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] All groups were able to nominate topics for the assigned discussion prompt. [•] Roughly half of each group’s nominated topics became established. [•] All group members of each group nominated at least two topics. [•] Groups varied in how equal the distribution of topics among test takers was. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Highlights: [•] Effective coastal management requires integration of science into policy, but at present there is an implementation gap in this area. [•] We investigate the role knowledge plays in addressing this gap to enable the facilitation of science into policy. [•] Using historical and discourse analysis we find two discourses about knowledge in coastal management exist: (i) science as knowledge and (ii) community knowledge. [•] This creates barriers to incorporation of all kinds of knowledge into coastal management. [•] We argue for a shift in thinking about the science-policy nexus into a knowledge-policy interface thus facilitating integration of all kinds of knowledge and hence the opportunity for diverse and responsive coastal management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Clinical practice guidelines produced by NICE – the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence – are seen as key mechanisms to regulate and standardise UK healthcare practice, but their development is known to be problematic, and their adoption and uptake variable. Examining what a guideline or health policy means to different audiences, and how it means something to those communities, provides new insight about interpretive discourses. In this paper we present a micro-analysis of the response of healthcare professionals to publication of a single NICE guideline in 2009 which proposed a re-organisation of professional services for chronic non-specific low back pain. Adopting an interpretive approach, we seek to understand both the meaning of the guideline and the socio-political events associated with it. Drawing on archived policy documents related to the development and publication of the guideline, texts published in professional journals and on web-sites, and semi-structured interview data from professionals associated with the debate, we identify a key discourse that positions the management of chronic non-specific low back pain within physician jurisdiction. We examine the emergence of this discourse through policy-related symbolic artifacts taking the form of specific languages, objects and acts. This discourse effectively resisted and displaced the service reorganisation proposed by the guideline and, in so doing, ensured medical hegemony within practice and professional organisations concerned with the management of non-specific low back pain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper is an examination of the “discourse of disaster” that has cleared the way for the dismantling of public housing in the US. It is argued that this narrative represents public housing communities as deviant, dysfunctional, or obsolete. In response, residents have generated a discourse of resistance that focuses on dimensions of home and community. The social science evidence that validates the residents’ storyline is summarized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This article addresses discourse among French teenagers of pan-immigrant, peripheral, and specifically southern descent that evokes the widely circulating spatial concept called le bled, a French word of Arabic origin. Drawing upon theories of cultural citizenship, this paper explores the connections that teens broker through le bled in two, divergent discourses that link French citizenship with modernity and race. The first discourse is one that conceptualizes le bled as less modern than France, which is ultimately a racially exclusive model of French citizenship because it typically treats le bled as a racialized and inferior place. The second discourse involves the conceptualization of France as a modern and racially inclusive place, seeking to assimilate people from various places (even though in reality, many of these policies that claim inclusiveness are exclusive). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Font emphasis in a discourse influences subsequent recognition memory. [•] Helps reject important discourse alternatives but not unmentioned items. [•] Results suggest emphasis leads readers to encode specific important alternatives. [•] Effects from contrastive prosody generalize to emphasis in written text. [•] Discourse plausibility constrains the set of alternatives encoded. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Public urban parks are valued community amenities and an integral part of an environmentally just society. Given increasing concerns of gentrification associated with urban parks, this paper critically analyzed the discourse of urban park development to understand its main message, rhetorical devices, and potential to affect praxis. I find current discourse surrounding park development overstates the ability of public urban parks to reverse trends in social stratification while understating the possible downsides to urban park development. The discourse of 'parks-as-social-healers' is produced by urbanists with significant sociopolitical power in their respective fields who use three distinct discursive tools to enhance the discourse's utility and efficacy. Using the power and influence of wealthy foundations to back up their claims, this discourse exerts hegemonic influence on urban public space development. Downplaying gentrification and exaggerating social benefits—hallmarks of this discourse—can lead to environmental injustices, potentially exacerbating park access disparities. • Urban park development discourse leads to environmental injustices by overstating benefits and understating consequences • Producers of this discourse exert hegemonic power over contemporary urban park development using multiple discursive tools • Downplaying urban park development's social and environmental injustices will perpetuate such injustices [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]