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Let H(Dn) be the space of holomorphic functions on the unit polydisk Dn, and let , where p, q> 0, α = (α1,…,αn) with αj > -1, j =1,..., n, be the class of all measurable functions f defined on Dn such thatwhere Mp(f,r) denote the p-integral means of the function f. Denote the weighted Bergman space on . We provide a characterization for a function f being in . Using the characterization we prove the following result: Let p> 1, then the Cesàro operator is bounded on the space .

We correct Proposition 3.12 and Lemma 3.13 of the paper published in Vol. 2013, No.13, pp.3006-3052. The corrections do not affect the other statements of the paper. In this note, we correct a flow in the statement of Proposition 3.12 of [1] which also leads to a modification in the statement of Lemma 3.13 of [1]. We recall that in this proposition one considers morphisms of schemes X ?→π Y ?→q S, where q is proper, flat, with equidimensional fibers of dimension n and π is finite, flat and surjective. Imposing certain conditions on the fibers it is claimed that the loci of s € S fulfilling these conditions are open subsets of S. A missing condition should be added and the correct version of Parts (g) and (h) of Proposition 3.12 should be as follows: (g) Ys has no embedded components and the discriminant scheme of π s : Xs → Ys is of pure codimension one and smooth; (h) Ys has no embedded components and the discriminant scheme of π s : Xs → Ys is of codimension one, irreducible and generically reduced.

Consider an elliptic curve defined over an imaginary quadratic field $K$ with good reduction at the primes above $p\geq 5$ and has complex multiplication by the full ring of integers $\mathcal{O}_K$ of $K$. In this paper, we construct $p$-adic analogues of the Eisenstein-Kronecker series for such elliptic curve as Coleman functions on the elliptic curve. We then prove $p$-adic analogues of the first and second Kronecker limit formulas by using the distribution relation of the Kronecker theta function., v2. The current version is the synthesis of {\S}1-{\S}3 of the first version of this article with the content of arXiv:0807.4008 "The Kronecker limit formulas via the distribution relation." {\S}4,{\S}5 of the first version of this paper will be treated in a subsequent article

In this paper we introduce and develop the theory of FI-modules. We apply this theory to obtain new theorems about: - the cohomology of the configuration space of n distinct ordered points on an arbitrary (connected, oriented) manifold - the diagonal coinvariant algebra on r sets of n variables - the cohomology and tautological ring of the moduli space of n-pointed curves - the space of polynomials on rank varieties of n x n matrices - the subalgebra of the cohomology of the genus n Torelli group generated by H^1 and more. The symmetric group S_n acts on each of these vector spaces. In most cases almost nothing is known about the characters of these representations, or even their dimensions. We prove that in each fixed degree the character is given, for n large enough, by a polynomial in the cycle-counting functions that is independent of n. In particular, the dimension is eventually a polynomial in n. In this framework, representation stability (in the sense of Church-Farb) for a sequence of S_n-representations is converted to a finite generation property for a single FI-module., 54 pages. v4: new title, paper completely reorganized; final version, to appear in Duke Math Journal

The object of this paper is to initiate a study of the Fourier coefficients of a weight $1$ harmonic Maass form and relate them to the complex Galois representation associated to a weight $1$ newform, which is the form’s image under a certain differential operator. In this paper, our focus will be on weight $1$ dihedral newforms of prime level $p\equiv3(\operatorname{mod}{4})$ . In this case we give properties of the Fourier coefficients that are similar to (and sometimes reduce to) cases of Stark’s conjectures on derivatives of $L$ -functions. We also give a new modular interpretation of certain products of differences of singular moduli studied by Gross and Zagier. Finally, we provide some numerical evidence that the Fourier coefficients of a mock-modular form whose shadow is exotic are similarly related to the associated complex Galois representation.

In 2007, Shimoda, in connection with a long-standing question of Sally, asked whether a Noetherian local ring, such that all its prime ideals different from the maximal ideal are complete intersections, has Krull dimension at most 2. In this paper, having reduced the conjecture to the case of dimension 3, if the ring is regular and local of dimension 3, we explicitly describe a family of prime ideals of height 2 minimally generated by three elements. Weakening the hypothesis of regularity, we find that, to achieve the same end, we need to add extra hypotheses, such as completeness, infiniteness of the residue field, and the multiplicity of the ring being at most 3. In the second part of the paper, we turn our attention to the category of standard graded algebras. A geometrical approach via a double use of a Bertini theorem, together with a result of Simis, Ulrich, and Vasconcelos, allows us to obtain a definitive answer in this setting. Finally, by adapting work of Miller on prime Bourbaki ideals in local rings, we detail some more technical results concerning the existence in standard graded algebras of homogeneous prime ideals with an (as it were) excessive number of generators.

In this paper we study the Weil-Petersson geometry of $\overline{\mathcal{M}_{g,n}}$, the compactified moduli space of Riemann surfaces with genus g and n marked points. The main goal of this paper is to understand the growth of the diameter of $\overline{\mathcal{M}_{g,n}}$ as a function of $g$ and $n$. We show that this diameter grows as $\sqrt{n}$ in $n$, and is bounded above by $C \sqrt{g}\log g$ in $g$ for some constant $C$. We also give a lower bound on the growth in $g$ of the diameter of $\overline{\mathcal{M}_{g,n}}$ in terms of an auxiliary function that measures the extent to which the thick part of moduli space admits radial coordinates., 26 pages, 7 figures

We deal with finitely generated modules over an artin algebra. In his Philadelphia Notes, M.Auslander showed that any homomorphism is right determined by a module C, but a formula for C which he wrote down has to be modified. The paper includes now complete and direct proofs of the main results concerning right determiners of morphisms. We discuss the role of indecomposable projective direct summands of a minimal right determiner and provide a detailed analysis of those morphisms which are right determined by a module without any non-zero projective direct summand., The paper has been revised and expanded. The terminology has been changed as follows: "essential kernel" is replaced by "intrinsic kernel", "determinator" is replaced by "determiner". Sections 3, 4 and 5 are new

In this paper we study the local behavior of a solution to the Lam\'e system with \emph{Lipschitz} coefficients in dimension $n\ge 2$. Our main result is the bound on the vanishing order of a nontrivial solution, which immediately implies the strong unique continuation property. This paper solves the open problem of the strong uniqueness continuation property for the Lam\'e system with Lipschitz coefficients in any dimension.

This paper presents an overview of some of the applications of the martingale inequalities of D. L. Burkholder to $L^p$-bounds for singular integral operators, concentrating on the Hilbert transform, first and second order Riesz transforms, the Beurling–Ahlfors operator and other multipliers obtained by projections (conditional expectations) of transformations of stochastic integrals. While martingale inequalities can be used to prove the boundedness of a wider class of Calderón–Zygmund singular integrals, the aim of this paper is to show results which give optimal or near optimal bounds in the norms, hence our restriction to the above operators. ¶ Connections of Burkholder’s foundational work on sharp martingale inequalities to other areas of mathematics where either the results themselves or techniques to prove them have become of considerable interest in recent years, are discussed. These include the 1952 conjecture of C. B. Morrey on rank-one convex and quasiconvex functions with connections to problems in the calculus of variations and the 1982 conjecture of T. Iwaniec on the $L^p$-norm of the Beurling–Ahlfors operator with connections to problems in the theory of qasiconformal mappings. Open questions, problems and conjectures are listed throughout the paper and copious references are provided.

In this paper we complete the results of our papers [2], [3] and show how to generate from the hypergeometric function F ⁡ 1 / 6 , 1 / 6 ; 1 ; ζ fundamental solutions for the classical Tricomi operator relative to any point in the elliptic, parabolic, or hyperbolic region of the operator.

To each generic tangle projection from the three-dimensional real vector space onto the plane, we associate a derived endofunctor on a graded parabolic version of the Bernstein-Gel'fand category $\mathcal{O}$. We show that this assignment is (up to shifts) invariant under tangle isotopies and Reidemeister moves and defines therefore invariants of tangles. The occurring functors are defined via so-called projective functors. The first part of the paper deals with the indecomposability of such functors and their connection with generalised Temperley-Lieb algebras which are known to have a realisation via decorated tangles. The second part of the paper describes a categorification of the Temperley-Lieb category and proves the main conjectures of [BFK]. Moreover, we describe a functor from the category of 2-cobordisms into a category of projective functors.

In this paper we study biholomorphic maps between Teichmüller spaces and the induced linear isometries between the corresponding tangent spaces. The first main result in this paper is the following classification theorem. If $M$ and $N$ are two Riemann surfaces that are not of exceptional type, and if there exists a biholomorphic map between the corresponding Teichmüller spaces Teich($M$) and Teich($N$), then $M$ and $N$ are quasiconformally related. Also, every such biholomorphic map is geometric. In particular, we have that every automorphism of the Teichmüller space Teich($M$) must be geometric. This result generalizes the previously known results (see [2], [5], [7]) and enables us to prove the well-known conjecture that states that the group of automorphisms of Teich($M$) is isomorphic to the mapping class group of $M$ whenever the surface $M$ is not of exceptional type. In order to prove the above results, we develop a method for studying linear isometries between $L^1$-type spaces. Our focus is on studying linear isometries between Banach spaces of integrable holomorphic quadratic differentials, which are supported on Riemann surfaces. Our main result in this direction (Theorem 1.1) states that if $M$ and $N$ are Riemann surfaces of nonexceptional type, then every linear isometry between $A^1(M)$ and $A^1(N)$ is geometric. That is, every such isometry is induced by a conformal map between $M$ and $N$.

We introduce a framework for a nonlinear potential theory without a kernel on a reexiv e, strictly convex and smooth Banach space of functions. Nonlinear potentials are dened as images of nonnegative continuous linear functionals on that space under the duality mapping. We study potentials and reduced functions by using a variant of the Gauss-Frostman quadratic func- tional. The framework allows a development of other main concepts of nonlin- ear potential theory such as capacities, equilibrium potentials and measures of nite energy. x1. Introduction The goal of this paper is to present a fairly general setting which allows a development of basic concepts of nonlinear potential theory. This setting provides a unied approach to several aspects of nonlinear potential theory with kernel, as well as some kernel free potential theory. The concepts that can be developed include capacities of sets and functions, nonlinear poten- tials, equilibrium potentials, reduced functions, balayage, and measures of nite energy. The framework of our approach is a reexiv e, strictly convex and smooth Banach space of functions satisfying two additional hypotheses. Nonlinear potential theory in function spaces has been the subject of re- search in several papers during seventies (e.g., (7), (12), (19)). The goal was to extend the Dirichlet space theory to the nonlinear setting. This was achieved under various hypotheses. The common hypothesis was that the underlying function space is a Banach space with a vector lattice structure. Almost at the same time, a dieren t type of nonlinear potential the- ory began to take shape in the works of Fuglede, Meyers, and Havin and

In this paper we consider the almost sure convergence of a series of contractions (of an arbitrary Hilbert space) with random weights. The paper is a continuation of a previous work [PSW], in which only convergence in operator norm was investigated. We obtain conditions ensuring the existence of universal sets on which these series are converging almost everywhere, for any contraction. The paper is also a continuation of the paper [SW], in which an analogous problem concerning ergodic averages was considered, as well as the paper [S], which deals with a variant of the problem. The proofs of our results rely on uniform estimates of random polynomials which were established in a recent paper by the second author and proved by means of metric entropy methods.

In this paper, we prove an isogeny criterion for abelian varieties that involves conditions on the formal groups of the varieties (see Theorem 1.1). In the particular case of abelian varieties over ℚ with real multiplication, we easily deduce from our criterion a new proof of the Tate conjecture which is independent of G. Faltings's work [11], as well as a bound for the minimal degree of an isogeny between two isogenous abelian varieties, as in the paper of D. Masser and G. Wustholz [17]. To this end, we use C. Deninger and E. Nart's result giving the link between the L-functions and the formal groups of such varieties (see [9]). Our method generalizes D. and G. Chudnovsky's transcendental proof of the isogeny theorem for elliptic curves over ℚ [6, Prop. 2.3] to the case of abelian varieties, with a systematic use of the Arakelov formalism of J.-B. Bost (see [1]).

The subject matter of this paper is an old one with a rich history, beginning with the work of Gauss and Eisenstein, maturing at the hands of Smith and Minkowski, and culminating in the fundamental results of Siegel. More precisely, if L is a lattice over Z (for simplicity), equipped with an integral quadratic form Q, the celebrated Smith-Minkowski-Siegel mass formula expresses the total mass of (L,Q), which is a weighted class number of the genus of (L,Q), as a product of local factors. These local factors are known as the local densities of (L,Q). Subsequent work of Kneser, Tamagawa and Weil resulted in an elegant formulation of the subject in terms of Tamagawa measures. In particular, the local density at a non-archimedean place p can be expressed as the integral of a certain volume form ωld over AutZp(L,Q), which is an open compact subgroup of AutQp(L,Q). The question that remains is whether one can find an explicit formula for the local density. Through the work of Pall (for p 6= 2) and Watson (for p = 2), such an explicit formula for the local density is in fact known for an arbitrary lattice over Zp (see [P] and [Wa]). The formula is obviously structured, though [CS] seems to be the first to comment on this. Unfortunately, the known proof (as given in [P] and [K]) does not explain this structure and involves complicated recursions. On the other hand, Conway and Sloane [CS, §13] have given a heuristic explanation of the formula. In this paper, we will give a simple and conceptual proof of the local density formula, for p 6= 2. The view point taken here is similar to that of our earlier work [GHY], and the proof is based on the observation that there exists a smooth affine group scheme G over Zp with generic fiber AutQp(L,Q), which satisfies G(Zp) = AutZp(L,Q). This follows from general results of smoothening [BLR], as we explain in Section 3. For the purpose of obtaining an explicit formula, it is necessary to have an explicit construction of G. The main contribution of this paper is to give such an explicit construction of G (in Section 5), and to determine its special fiber (in Section 6). Finally, by comparing ωld and the canonical volume form ωcan of G, we obtain the explicit formula for the local density in Section 7. The smooth group schemes constructed in this paper should also be of independent interest.

This paper is concerned with a general theorem on the number of nonreal zeros of transcendental functions. J. Fourier formulated the theorem in his work Analyse des equations determineesin 1831, but he did not give a proof. Roughly speaking, the theorem states that if a real entire function f( x)can be expressed as a product of linear factors, then we can count the nonreal zeros of f( x)by observing the behavior of the derivatives of f( x)on the real axis alone. As we shall see in the sequel, this theorem completely justifies his former argument, by which he tried to prove that the function J0(2 √ x) has only real zeros. It seems that no complete proof of the theorem is known, and no general theorem has been published that justifies the argument. Later, in 1930, G. Polya published a paper entitled Some problems connected with Fourier’s work on transcendental equations[P3]. In this paper, Polya conjectured two hypothetical theorems that are closely related to Fourier’s unproved theorem. In fact, he conjectured three, but he proved that two of them are equivalent to each other. The first hypothetical theorem is a modernized formulation of the theorem, and it justifies Fourier’s argument completely. The second conjecture was proved in 1990, but it is impossible to justify the argument using the conjecture alone. In the present paper, we prove Polya’s formulation of the theorem (his first conjecture) as well as its extensions, give a very simple and direct proof of the second conjecture mentioned above, and exhibit some applications of the results. In particular, we completely justify Fourier’s argument by our general theorems. Acknowledgments. Professor Fefferman has encouraged and helped us to publish this paper. The authors truly thank him for this. The authors also thank Professor Csordas for his kind interest in the results and his valuable suggestions on the proof of the Polya-Wiman conjecture. 1. Historical introduction. In this section, we briefly explain our results as well as their background. A real entire function is an entire function that assumes only real values on the real axis. Fourier’s unproven theorem asserts that we can know the number of nonreal zeros of such real entire functions by counting their critical points, which are defined as follows: Let f( x)be a real analytic function defined in an open

The twisted tensor L-function of f , which we denote by G(s, f), is a certain Dirichlet series associated to a quadratic extension of number fields K/F , and a cuspidal automorphic function f over K. It was introduced in [1] by Asai, following previous work of Shimura, in the case when f is a Hilbert modular cusp form over a real quadratic extension K of Q. In the past twenty odd years, this L-function has been considered more generally: for instance [11] and [12] deal with quadratic extensions of totally real fields, [17] with imaginary quadratic extensions of Q, and [3], [4] and [14] with general quadratic extensions of number fields. All these papers have been primarily concerned with establishing analytic properties of G(s, f) analogous to those in [1], such as meromorphic continuation to the entire complex plane, location and finiteness of the number of poles, and functional equation. The aim of this paper is to prove a rationality result for G(s, f) in the imaginary quadratic setting. If K is an imaginary quadratic field, and f a cusp form associated to K, we establish that there is a ‘period’ Ωj(f) such that

In this paper we study critial isometric and minimal isometric embeddings of classes of Riemannian metrics which we call {\it quasi-$k$-curved metrics}. Quasi-$k$-curved metrics generalize the metrics of space forms. We construct explicit examples and prove results about existence and rigidity., 21 pages, AMSTeX. Significantly changed version of paper originally Titled "On minimal isometric embeddings"

In this paper, we study the shuttle operator for a second order linear elliptic operator P on a noncompact manifold X. Zhao has introduced and studied the shuttle operator and its relation to the theory of positive solutions in the case of small perturbations of the Laplacian in IR, n ≥ 3. Zhao was motivated by works of Chung and Varadhan which consider one-dimensional Schrodinger operators. The main purpose of the paper is to extend the above studies. We prove that, in the general case, the spectral radius of the shuttle operator is strictly less, equal, or strictly greater than 1 if and only if the operator P is respectively subcritical, critical, or supercritical in X. We demonstrate the usefulness of the characterization for proving theorems. Our approach is purely analytic. ∗This research was partially supported by THE ISRAEL SCIENCE FOUNDATION administered by THE ISRAEL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES and by the Fund for the Promotion of Research at the Technion

This paper is the second part of our work on differential Galois theory as we promised in [U3]. Differential Galois theory has a long history since Lie tried to apply the idea of Abel and Galois to differential equations in the 19th century (cf. [U3], Introduction). When we consider Galois theory of differential equation, we have to separate the finite dimensional theory from the infinite dimensional theory. As Kolchin theory shows, the first is constructed on a rigorous foundation. The latter, however, seems inachieved despite of several important contributions of Drach, Vessiot,…. We propose in this paper a differential Galois theory of infinite dimension in a rigorous and transparent framework. We explain the idea of the classical authors by one of the simplest examples and point out the problems.

According to the Langlands functoriality conjecture, broadened to the setting of spherical varieties (of which reductive groups are special cases), a map between $L$ -groups of spherical varieties should give rise to a functorial transfer of their local and automorphic spectra. The “beyond endoscopy” proposal predicts that this transfer will be realized as a comparison between limiting forms of the (relative) trace formulas of these spaces. In this paper, we establish the local transfer for the identity map between $L$ -groups, for spherical affine homogeneous spaces $X=H\backslash G$ whose dual group is $\operatorname{SL}_{2}$ or $\operatorname{PGL}_{2}$ (with $G$ and $H$ split). More precisely, we construct a transfer operator between orbital integrals for the $(X\times X)/G$ -relative trace formula, and orbital integrals for the Kuznetsov formula of $\operatorname{PGL}_{2}$ or $\operatorname{SL}_{2}$ . Besides the $L$ -group, another invariant attached to $X$ is a certain $L$ -value, and the space of test measures for the Kuznetsov formula is enlarged to accommodate the given $L$ -value. The transfer operator is given explicitly in terms of Fourier convolutions, making it suitable for a global comparison of trace formulas by the Poisson summation formula, hence for a uniform proof, in rank $1$ , of the relations between periods of automorphic forms and special values of $L$ -functions.

In this paper we give an application of equivariant moduli spaces to the study of smooth group actions on certain 4-manifolds. A rich source of examples for such actions is the collection of algebraic surfaces (compact and nonsingular) together with their groups of algebraic automorphisms. From this collection, further examples of smooth but generally nonalgebraic actions can be constructed by an equivariant connected sum along an orbit of isolated points. Given a smooth oriented 4-manifold X which is diffeomorphic to a connected sum of algebraic surfaces, we can ask: (i) which (finite) groups can act smoothly on X preserving the orientation, and (ii) how closely does a smooth action on X resemble some equivariant connected sum of algebraic actions on the algebraic surface factors of X? For the purposes of this paper we will restrict our attention to the simplest case, namely X p2(C) #...# p2(C), a connected sum of n copies of the complex projective plane (arranged so thatX is simply connected). Furthermore, ASSUMPTION. All actions will be assumed to induce the identity on H,(X, Z).

In this paper, we study deformation in free probability theory. Our setting is systems of specific Banach-space operators acting on a $C^{*}$ -algebra $\mathcal{X}_{\varphi }$ generated by mutually free, infinitely-many semicircular elements. In particular, we give a constructive classification for the cases where those operators are generated by certain $*$ -homomorphisms on $\mathcal{X}_{\varphi }$ . Our main results not only classify and characterize specific types of the operators, but they also show how such operators deform the free probability on $\mathcal{X}_{\varphi }$ . In particular, we outline how properties of those operators affect the semicircular law.

In the present paper, we show that an infinite dimensional vector whose components are Fourier coefficients of an automorphic form is characterized as an infinite dimensional vector which is annihilated by an infinite matrix constructed by the values of a Bessel function. Results and methods are all simple and concrete.Although the idea in the present paper is applicable to more general cases, our investigation will be restricted to the case of automorphic forms of weight 0, i.e., automorphic functions, with respect to SL(2, Z) on the upper half plane, in order to explain the main idea distinctly.

Let R be a Cohen-Macaulay local ring possessing a canonical module. In this paper we consider when the maximal ideal of R is self-dual, i.e. it is isomorphic to its canonical dual as an R-module. local rings satisfying this condition are called Teter rings, and studied by Teter, Huneke-Vraciu, Ananthnarayan-Avramov-Moore, and so on. On the positive dimensional case, we show such rings are exactly the endomorphism rings of the maximal ideals of some Gorenstein local rings of dimension one. We also provide some connection between the self-duality of the maximal ideal and near Gorensteinness., 14 pages

This paper is a continuation of two previous papers of the author. In the first [4] we discussed a Thompson series associated with the group M24 in which each of the modular forms ηg(τ) attached to elements g ∈ M24 are primitive cusp-forms.

A C*-dynamical system is said to have the ideal separation property if every ideal in the corresponding crossed product arises from an invariant ideal in the C*-algebra. In this paper we characterize this property for unital C*-dynamical systems over discrete groups. To every C*-dynamical system we associate a "twisted" partial C*-dynamical system that encodes much of the structure of the action. This system can often be "untwisted," for example when the algebra is commutative, or when the algebra is prime and a certain specific subgroup has vanishing Mackey obstruction. In this case, we obtain relatively simple necessary and sufficient conditions for the ideal separation property. A key idea is a notion of noncommutative boundary for a C*-dynamical system that generalizes Furstenberg's notion of topological boundary for a group., Comment: 43 pages; revised

This paper extends Auslander-Reiten duality in two directions. As an application, we obtain various criteria for freeness of modules over local rings in terms of vanishing of Ext modules, which recover a lot of known results on the Auslander-Reiten conjecture.

We present a new tool for the calculation of Denef and Loeser's motivic nearby fiber and motivic Milnor fiber: a motivic Fubini theorem for the tropicalization map, based on Hrushovski and Kazhdan's theory of motivic volumes of semi-algebraic sets. As applications, we prove a conjecture of Davison and Meinhardt on motivic nearby fibers of weighted homogeneous polynomials, and give a very short and conceptual new proof of the integral identity conjecture of Kontsevich and Soibelman, first proved by L\^e Quy Thuong. Both of these conjectures emerged in the context of motivic Donaldson-Thomas theory., Comment: Grant information completed, no changes to the body of the paper

In this paper, we investigate the geometry of the orbit space of the closure of the subscheme parametrizing smooth Fano K\"ahler-Einstein manifolds inside an appropriate Hilbert scheme. In particular, we prove that being K-semistable is a Zariski open condition and establish the uniqueness for the Gromov-Hausdorff limit for a punctured flat family of Fano K\"ahler-Einstein manifolds. Based on these, we construct a proper scheme parameterizing the S-equivalent classes of $\QQ$-Gorenstein smoothable, K-semistable Fano varieties, and verify various necessary properties to guarantee that it is a good moduli space., Comment: 41 pages. Final version. Minor change with exposition improved. To appear in Duke Math. J

It is known that the $3$ -manifold $\operatorname{SL}(2,\mathbb{Z})\backslash\operatorname{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ is diffeomorphic to the complement of the trefoil knot in $S^{3}$ . E. Ghys showed that the linking number of this trefoil knot with a modular knot is given by the Rademacher symbol, which is a homogenization of the classical Dedekind symbol. The Dedekind symbol arose historically in the transformation formula of the logarithm of Dedekind’s eta function under $\operatorname{SL}(2,\mathbb{Z})$ . In this paper we give a generalization of the Dedekind symbol associated to a fixed modular knot. This symbol also arises in the transformation formula of a certain modular function. It can be computed in terms of a special value of a certain Dirichlet series and satisfies a reciprocity law. The homogenization of this symbol, which generalizes the Rademacher symbol, gives the linking number between two distinct symmetric links formed from modular knots.

Our interest in this paper is a generalization of the additive Deligne-Simpson problem which is originally defined for Fuchsian differential equations on the Riemann sphere. We shall extend this problem to differential equations having an arbitrary number of unramified irregular singular points and determine the existence of solutions of the generalized additive Deligne-Simpson problems. Moreover we apply this result to the geometry of the moduli spaces of stable meromorphic connections of trivial bundles on the Riemann sphere. Namely, open embedding of the moduli spaces into quiver varieties is given and the non-emptiness condition of the moduli spaces is determined. Furthermore the connectedness of the moduli spaces is shown., Comment: 62 pages, some errors and typos are corrected

In this paper, we consider a deformation of Plancherel measure linked to Jack polynomials. Our main result is the description of the first and second-order asymptotics of the bulk of a random Young diagram under this distribution, which extends celebrated results of Vershik-Kerov and Logan-Shepp (for the first order asymptotics) and Kerov (for the second order asymptotics). This gives more evidence of the connection with Gaussian $\beta$-ensemble, already suggested by some work of Matsumoto. Our main tool is a polynomiality result for the structure constant of some quantities that we call Jack characters, recently introduced by Lassalle. We believe that this result is also interested in itself and we give several other applications of it., Comment: 71 pages. Minor modifications from version 1. An extended abstract of this work, with significantly fewer results and a different title, is available as arXiv:1201.1806

The problem of estimating the multiplicity of the zero of a polynomial when restricted to the trajectory of a non-singular polynomial vector field, at one or several points, has been considered by authors in several different fields. The two best (incomparable) estimates are due to Gabrielov and Nesterenko. In this paper we present a refinement of Gabrielov's method which simultaneously improves these two estimates. Moreover, we give a geometric description of the multiplicity function in terms certain naturally associated polar varieties, giving a topological explanation for an asymptotic phenomenon that was previously obtained by elimination theoretic methods in the works of Brownawell, Masser and Nesterenko. We also give estimates in terms of Newton polytopes, strongly generalizing the classical estimates., Comment: Minor revision; To appear in Duke Math. Journal

In this paper we study the Newton stratification on the reduction of Shimura varieties of PEL type with hyperspecial level structure and the Newton stratification on the deformation space of a Barsotti-Tate group with PEL structure. Our main result is a formula for the dimension of Newton strata and the description their closure in each of the two cases. Furthermore, we calculate the dimension of some Rapoport-Zink spaces as an intermediate result., Comment: 56 pages; v2: corrected some typos, gave more detailed introduction and added a sketch for the idea behind the definition of "numerical dimension" at the beginning of section 10

Let l be a prime number. In this paper, we prove that the isomorphism class of an l-monodromically full hyperbolic curve of genus zero over a finitely generated extension of the field of rational numbers is completely determined by the kernel of the natural pro-l outer Galois representation associated to the hyperbolic curve. This result can be regarded as a genus zero analogue of a result due to Mochizuki which asserts that the isomorphism class of an elliptic curve which does not admit complex multiplication over a number field is completely determined by the kernels of the natural Galois representations on the various finite quotients of its Tate module.

The present authors introduced the notion of \emph{weakly unobstructed} Lagrangian submanifolds and constructed their \emph{potential function} $\mathfrak{PO}$ purely in terms of $A$-model data in [FOOO2]. In this paper, we carry out explicit calculations involving $\mathfrak{PO}$ on toric manifolds and study the relationship between this class of Lagrangian submanifolds with the earlier work of Givental [Gi1] which advocates that quantum cohomology ring is isomorphic to the Jacobian ring of a certain function, called the Landau-Ginzburg superpotential. Combining this study with the results from [FOOO2], we also apply the study to various examples to illustrate its implications to symplectic topology of Lagrangian fibers of toric manifolds. In particular we relate it to Hamiltonian displacement property of Lagrangian fibers and to Entov-Polterovich's symplectic quasi-states., Comment: 84 pages, submitted version ; more examples and new results added, exposition polished, minor typos corrected; v3) to appear in Duke Math.J., Example 10.19 modified, citations from the book [FOOO2,3] updated accoding to the final version of [FOOO3] to be published

In this paper we are concerned with transversely orientable codimension one foliations. Let be a Cr-foliation as above in a smooth manifold M, r ≧ 1, and let F0 be a closed leaf of . A neighborhood U of F0 is called a bicollar of F0 in this paper if there is a normal line bundle : U → F0 with respect to a fixed Riemannian metric on M such that each fibre of is transverse to .

Ankeny, Artin and Chowla [1] showed that there are congruences between class numbers of real quadratic fields and generalized Bernoulli numbers. Recently, Ito [3] has extended their results to the case of pure cubic fields using generalized Hurwitz numbers of Lichtenbaum [4]. In his paper, he suggested that similar results would be obtained for pure quartic and sectic fields. In this paper, we carry out this by following his idea. To give a congruence in an exact form, we need an idea due to Matthews [5]. As the argument in the sectic case is quite parallel to that in the quartic case, we shall discuss the former case briefly in the last two sections.

In the previous paper [1], we showed that the set of simple vector bundles of rank 2 on a rational surface with fixed Chern classes is bounded and we gave a sufficient condition for an H-stable vector bundle of rank 2 on a rational surface to be ample. In this paper, we shall extend the results of [1] to the case of higher rank.

In his paper [2], [3], D. A. Hejhal investigated the variational theory of linear polynomic functions. In this paper we are concerned with the variational theory of higher-order differential equations. To be more precise, consider a compact Riemann surface having genus g > 1. As is well known, we can choose a projective coordinate covering U = (Ua, za). Fix this coordinate covering of X. We shall be concerned with linear ordinary differential operators of order n defined in each projective coordinate open set Ua

The purpose of the present paper is to give a complete proof of the theorem which will be used in a paper of the second author [4].We will discuss certain spectral properties of selfadjoint ordinary differential operators of the form iA(d/dx) + V acting in L2(R)n = Σ ⊕ L2(R)n, where A is a real diagonal constant matrix and V an Hermitian matrix valued function on R which satisfies some conditions to be stated in the sequel.

In this paper we are concerned with subvarieties which realize Chern classes of holomorphic vector bundles. The existence of these subvarieties is known in some cases (for instance, see A. Grotheridieck [2] for projective algebraic varieties and M. Cornalba and P. Griffiths [1] for Stein manifolds). In the present paper we realize Chern classes by subvarieties with singularities of a certain type. Our main theorem is as follows (see Def. 1.1.3 for the definition of quasilinear subvarieties).

In this paper we treat cohomology groups H1(G, C2q-1, M) of meromorphic Eichler integrals for a finitely generated Fuchsian group G of the first kind. According to L. V. Ahlfors [2] and L. Bers [4], H1(G, C2q-1, M) is the space of periods of meromorphic Eichler integrals for G. In the previous paper [8], we had period relations and inequalities of holomorphic Eichler integrals for a certain Kleinian groups.

The local theory of continuous (infinite) pseudo-groups of transformations was originated by S. Lie, and developed by himself, F. Engel, E. Vessiot, E. Cartan, etc. In the beginning, the definition was not clear and we can find several different definitions in the papers of pioneers. In 1902, E. Cartan introduced a definition using his theory of exterior differential systems and made an extensive study in his series of papers [1], [2], and [31 The writer will adopt his definition in this series of papers. A continuous pseudo-group of transformations is, roughly speaking, a collection of real (or complex) analytic homeo-morphisms of domains in a real (or complex) euclidean space, which is closed under the operations of composition and inverse, and which forms the general solutions of a system of partial differential equations.

§0. Introudction. In his preceding paper [2], the author determined the types of irreducible unitary representations and cyclic unitary representations of the group of all euclidean motions in 2-space E2. The purpose of the present paper is to determine the types of irreducible unitary representations and cyclic ones of the group of all euclidean motions in n-space En for n≥3. In this paper, we shall make use of the results of the preceding paper [2], but notations are independent of those in [2].