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The use of Latin origin terms, relevant for sample characterization modalities, is described with a focus on samples under controlled conditions, samples within devices, and samples during physico-chemical evolution. The terms in vitro, in vivo, in situ, ab initio, in silico, post mortem, ex situ, posthumous, in vacuo, (in) operando, post facto, and ex post facto, as used in the scientific literature, are considered. Uses of the Latin origin terms in situ, extra situm, in operando, in vivo, in vacuo, in vitro, extra vivum, post facto and ex post facto, ab initiis, computatro, and post mortem are discussed. It is suggested that these terms are to be used without hyphenation and that all Latin derived terms are set in italic font. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anthoinite, AlWO3(OH)3, from the Mt. Misobo Mine, Democratic Republic of the Congo, has triclinic symmetry with cell parameters a = 8.196(1) Å, b = 9.187(1) Å, c = 11.316(1) Å, β = 92.82(1)°, β = 94.08(1)°, γ = 90.23(1)°, space group I1̅, Z = 8. The structure was solved by applying ab initio structure solution methods (Reverse Monte Carlo/Simulated Annealing) to both X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data and was refined using the Rietveld method. The structure is built up of two types of M4(O,OH)16 planar tetrameric clusters of edge-sharing octahedra, one containing predominantly Al and the other predominantly W. The Al-rich and W-rich clusters interconnect via corner sharing to form stepped layers parallel to (001). The layers are held together by strong hydrogen bonding. The structure can be described as a rocksalt derivative structure, with the close-packed anion layers parallel to (012), and with Al and W atoms ordered into one third of the octahedral sites within the cubic close-packed anion lattice. The structure is complicated by partial disorder between Al and W in the tetrameric clusters and associated disorder in the H atom sites. Infrared and 27Al MAS NMR results are also presented for anthoinite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]