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Despite the growing interest of corpus linguistic studies in the production of dictionaries, grammars and other FL teaching materials (Tomlinson 2003, Mishan 2005), the potential of corpora and of corpus linguistics methodologies is still not exploited enough for the creation of LSP course activities and in particular CLIL. Nevertheless, several studies have recently proved the importance of corpus-based activities in language acquisition (cf. among others, Cobb 1999, Aston 2001, Sun and Wang 2003, Sinclair 2004, Aston et al. 2004, Bernardini 2004, Chambers 2007, Breyer 2009, Reppen 2010, Römer 2011). Not only is this paper intended to show that the use of corpora “can strengthen natural processes of language acquisition” (Johansson 2009: 39), but it also aims at illustrating how corpus linguistics may provide non-linguistic subject teachers (or, at least, CLIL teams made up of NLS and FL teachers) with new pedagogical and methodological tools. The paper aims at showing specific potential uses of the corpus linguistics methodologies for the creation of teaching activities/tasks with particular reference to the concrete application of analyses of English lexicon and language patterning. For this purpose, different specialised corpora will be explored through the Sketch Engine software and a set of different case studies will be taken into account, as for example i) the corpus analysis of conventionalised patterns and productivity features, and ii) the use of concordances and n-grams for the study of English lexicon and phrase/sentence structure.

It is known that persons afflicted with autism often have deviant prosodic features in their speech. For example, they may have a limited range of intonation, their speech can be overly fast, jerky or loud, or it can be characterized by large pitch excursions, quiet voice, inconsistent pause structure, prominent word stress and/or by creaky or nasal voice (Paul et al. 2005a; Paul et al. 2005b; Shriberg et al. 2001; Provonost et al. 1966; Rutter & Lockyer 1967; Ornitz & Ritvo 1976; Fay & Schuler 1980; Tager-Flusberg 1981; Baltaxe & Simmons 1985, 1992; Paul 1987; McPartland & Klin 2006; Tager-Flusberg 2000). Moreover, it has been shown that people afflicted with autism have difficulties to produce affective prosodic patterns (Scott 1985). Fine et al. (1991) have however reported that autistic subjects are able to employ useful prosodic patterns for communication. Producing appropriate stress patterns can nevertheless be difficult for them (Paul et al. 2005a, Paul et al. 2005b). Shriberg et al. (2001) report that persons with autism have notable deficits in pragmatic and affective use of prosody, but they do not have difficulties with the grammatical functions of prosody. Deviant prosodic features of speech do not, however, concern every individual afflicted with autism (Simmons & Baltaxe 1975; Paul et al. 2005b). Nevertheless, when these features occur, they constitute a significant obstacle to the social acceptance of the individual (Paul et al. 2005a: 205). Indeed, deviant prosodic features may create an immediate impression of “oddness” (VanBourgondien & Woods 1992), and they affect autistic speakers’ ratings of social and communicative competence (Paul et al. 2005b). The aim of this paper is to present different salient prosodic features occurring in slightly autistic preadolescents’ speech. The data come from authentic group therapy sessions where 11–13-year-old Finnish-speaking boys (N = 7) and French-speaking boys (N = 4) speak with each other and with their two therapists. The paper will focus on the following features: large pitch excursions, bouncing pitch, flat pitch, jerky rhythm, slow speech rate and fast speech rate. Some of these features occur only in Finnish or in French, whereas some others can be found in both languages. It is also interesting that some of them occur all the time in the speech of an individual, whereas some others occur only in certain types of contexts. The analyses have been carried out using methods of phonetics. It is known that persons afflicted with autism often have deviant prosodic features in their speech. For example, they may have a limited range of intonation, their speech can be overly fast, jerky or loud, or it can be characterized by large pitch excursions, quiet voice, inconsistent pause structure, prominent word stress and/or by creaky or nasal voice (Paul et al. 2005a; Paul et al. 2005b; Shriberg et al. 2001; Provonost et al. 1966; Rutter & Lockyer 1967; Ornitz & Ritvo 1976; Fay & Schuler 1980; Tager-Flusberg 1981; Baltaxe & Simmons 1985, 1992; Paul 1987; McPartland & Klin 2006; Tager-Flusberg 2000). Moreover, it has been shown that people afflicted with autism have difficulties to produce affective prosodic patterns (Scott 1985). Fine et al. (1991) have however reported that autistic subjects are able to employ useful prosodic patterns for communication. Producing appropriate stress patterns can nevertheless be difficult for them (Paul et al. 2005a, Paul et al. 2005b). Shriberg et al. (2001) report that persons with autism have notable deficits in pragmatic and affective use of prosody, but they do not have difficulties with the grammatical functions of prosody. Deviant prosodic features of speech do not, however, concern every individual afflicted with autism (Simmons & Baltaxe 1975; Paul et al. 2005b). Nevertheless, when these features occur, they constitute a significant obstacle to the social acceptance of the individual (Paul et al. 2005a: 205). Indeed, deviant prosodic features may create an immediate impression of “oddness” (VanBourgondien & Woods 1992), and they affect autistic speakers’ ratings of social and communicative competence (Paul et al. 2005b). The aim of this paper is to present different salient prosodic features occurring in slightly autistic preadolescents’ speech. The data come from authentic group therapy sessions where 11–13-year-old Finnish-speaking boys (N = 7) and French-speaking boys (N = 4) speak with each other and with their two therapists. The paper will focus on the following features: large pitch excursions, bouncing pitch, flat pitch, jerky rhythm, slow speech rate and fast speech rate. Some of these features occur only in Finnish or in French, whereas some others can be found in both languages. It is also interesting that some of them occur all the time in the speech of an individual, whereas some others occur only in certain types of contexts. The analyses have been carried out using methods of phonetics.

This paper illustrates the results of a case study carried out at the University of Salento, where a number of undergraduate students were asked to produce an Italian translation for the subtitles of a humorous segment from Late Show with David Letterman characterised by derogatory references to American celebrities and pop culture. First, a multidisciplinary theoretical framework will be illustrated, presenting audiovisual translation as a cognitive, socio-cultural and multimodal process. Then, the English and Italian versions of the selected corpus of extracts will be compared, so as to enquire into the extent to which the source-script reformulations stem from the integration of the text-based and knowledge-based inferencing of the denotative-semantic and connotative-pragmatic dimensions, as well as from the features of the implied receivers’ schemata, which determine the students’ selection of specific linguistic and functional features. The analysis will discuss whether the adaptations of the references in the source text succeed in pursuing a compromise between the respect for the original illocutionary force and the activation of appropriate perlocutionary effects. Finally, by resorting to the Think Aloud Protocol, this paper will also explore the cognitive processes activated by the subjects to retextualise the original discourse into target-language pragmalinguistic equivalents.

The relationship between sexuality and disability is still complex, especially in the school context, where teachers who are generally not trained in this area must undertake sexuality education. The aims of this research were to analyse the existing literature on sexuality education school interventions for students with disabilities; and to plan a proposal for an in-service teacher training. Relevant databases in Education were searched to collect the papers, using two keywords: ‘sexuality education’ and ‘disability’. 315 papers were collected and those not written in English and interviews, editorials or reviews were excluded. Two authors independently reviewed these papers for data extraction. The 83 final papers were distributed in the following categories: sexuality education (n=22), professionals and family (n=27), aspects of sexuality of disabled individuals (n=28) and theoretical questions (n=6). In the category of sexuality education, the range of publications was between 1998 and 2015, and especially on intellectual disabilities (n=10). The reading of these 22 papers resulted in the sub-categories: material procedures/ resources (n=7), programme/ proposals of sexuality education (n=8), analysis/ evaluation of a sexuality education programme (n=4), and curriculum (n=3). Of the 22 papers, 16 were studies of theoretical and 6 empirical nature. The analysis of these six papers indicated the following convergent aspects of sexuality education: theoretical justification, programme objectives, materials used, procedures/ methods, results obtained and evaluation. From this literature review it was possible to plan an in-service teacher training and formation course on inclusive sexuality education involving students with disabilities which includes the topics and pedagogical methods/ techniques that are most effective in developing students' competencies for the promotion of their own sexuality and sexual health and those of their community., Financial Support by CIEC (Research Centre on Child Studies, IE, UMinho; FCT R&D unit 317, Portugal) by the Strategic Project UID/CED/00317/2013, with financial support of National Funds through the FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) and co-financed by European Regional Development Funds (FEDER) through the Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Program (POCI) with the reference POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007562, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

This paper reports a study of the perceptions of English-speaking learners and teachers about the challenges and difficulties of Chinese as a Second Language (CSL) learning in England. The study involved a Likert-scale questionnaire and follow-up interviews with 37 university student learners, 443 school students and the 42 teachers of both groups. The questionnaires and interviews explored beliefs about language learning, about Chinese language learning and about language learning strategies. This paper focuses on the findings concerning the perceived challenges of speaking Chinese and of tones in learning Chinese. The findings of this study present a picture of teachers who are keen for their students to learn to speak and communicate in Chinese, and of students who are keen to take risks in speaking. However, in contrast to earlier findings about learners’ views about learning Chinese, the learners in this study claimed to be very tone aware and reported that they found listening and understanding Chinese more difficult than production. This is explored in relation to the pupils’ views about learning tones and pinyin and raises questions about the ways they address tones and pinyin learning in the context of their expressed aim of communicating and taking risks in speaking. The discussion raises issues about the possible effects of communicative teaching of languages in English schools. We ask whether an emphasis on communicative approaches may affect how learners address difficulties of the Chinese pronunciation system and the use of pinyin.

Nowadays video games are a global phenomenon, gaming is a widespread pastime in society and the digital interactive entertainment industry is one of the major and most profitable creative sectors in the world. As a result, the study of video games has recently seen a surge of interdisciplinary academic interest. This paper explores the relationships between video games and the field of Languages for Special Purposes (LSP) from the perspective of Game Localisation (Mangiron/O’Hagan 2013), an emerging and worthy area of investigation within Translation Studies. Since these relationships cannot be captured holistically, an eclectic approach will be used in order to highlight the main areas of interaction. Excerpts from in-game texts will be analysed and discussed to pinpoint (a) video games’ terminology (user interfaces, instructions, platform-specific references, etc.), (b) single titles’ terminology, (c) video games’ terminology belonging to specialised domains such as sports. Special attention will be paid to the in-game textual world and the discussion will focus on the specialised translation of those game genres that require a technical subject matter expertise (Dietz 2007). In particular, this paper will focus on the sports simulation game FIFA 2014 (Electronic Arts 2013) in its English into Italian localisation. Accordingly, the aim of this pilot study is to show that on the basis of the linguistic and translational features of video games, this emerging technology-driven and market-oriented translation sector can belong to the LSP realm because, as preliminary results suggest, some games - like sports simulators - seem to require a very domain-specific language transfer specialisation in order to deliver an equivalent gameplay experience.

Artykuł omawia obecność i wizerunek starożytnego Rzymu i Rzymian w zachodnich (USA, Wlk Brytania, Kanada) produkcjach telewizyjnych science fiction od lat 60. XX w. do pierwszej dekady wieku XXI. Analizie poddana zostaje kwestia źródeł, z których czerpią autorzy, ich reinterpretacji w kontekście kultury popularnej oraz problem odbiorcy. The paper analyses the presence and image of ancient Rome and Romans in some crucial Western (UK, USA, Canada) SF TV productions from the 1960s to the first decades of the 21st c. The titles analysed are "Doctor Who" (classic and new series), "Star Trek" (the 1960 original series) and "Stargate". Main questions dealt with in the paper are the problem of sources and inspirations, the reinterpretation of Rome and Romans within the framework of popular culture and the SF genre and the question of intended audience.

The paper examines the representation of animals as embodiment of nature in the culture of the late Roman republic. By discussing a selection of passages from Sallust, Cicero and Lucretius in conjunction with other Greek and Latin sources, the paper shows that the typically Western myth of 'animal nature' - the cultural belief that animal mirror a perennial state of nature, as opposed to human society - played a very important role in the ethical debate of the first century BC and took in this period a form which was bound to influence the centuries to come.

Development of the ?Minimalist Program? (MP) (Chomsky 1995) from a ?Government and Binding? framework (GB) (Chomsky 1981, 1986) gave rise to numerous debates concerning the validity of long established parameters and parametric variation such as the ?pro-drop parameter? in linguistic theory, which is supposed to be on in null-subject languages (NSL) and off in non-null-subject languages (non-NSL). Critically, these debates have consequences for both theories of language and language acquisition. Specifically, studies of language development, be it L1 or Ln, need to reinterpret their results in light of the newly emerging theoretical constructs in order to give an explanatory account of what was traditionally understood as parameter setting. The main objectives of the present paper are twofold. Firstly, it proposes to account for how multilingual learners acquire binding relations between referentially connected elements in subject-controlled adverbial subordination using a minimalist account of the featural setup of pronominal anaphora. Secondly, the paper attempts to support the viability of a model of acquisition as a computational rather than a maturational process (see Flynn and Lust 2002 for an overview) where ?parameter setting? in development is to be understood as a gradual process allowing time for the learner to work out the linguistic implications deriving from the target setting (also in Flynn and O'Neil 1988). This paper provides support for reinterpreting parameter setting as the process in which learners dissociate and integrate linguistic components consistent with the properties of a specific target grammar (Flynn et al. 2005). Energie-Umweltmanagement

This paper presents the original unpublished documentation on the identification by Carlos Ribeiro, of the first two Mesolithic shell middens in the region of Muge: Arneiro do Roquete (or Quinta da Sardinha), in the Magos creek valley, and Cabeço da Arruda, in the Muge creek valley, also known as Paul do Duque (Duke’s Marsh), on the 13 and 14 April 1863 and on the 24th of the same month, respectively. It is interesting to point out that Carlos Ribeiro did not realize the archaeological importance of the piles of shells and bones he came upon in both locations, admitting that they were the result of torrential transports. Such discoveries were framed in the geological studies developed at the time in Portugal by the two pioneers who were directly connected to them: Carlos Ribeiro and Francisco António Pereira da Costa, Director members of the Comissão Geológica de Portugal (the Portuguese Geological Commission), whose personal and institutional relations are also characterized in this paper, for being determinant in the evolution of the geological and archaeological investigations then made in the country.

English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) and Telecollaboration are two relatively recent research areas within the broad field of Applied Linguistics whose growth is directly connected to the implementation of the technology known as Web 2.0, which brought a fundamental change in the use of the Internet, especially as regards the ability for people to interact and exchange information online. On the one hand, the rise of ELF -a novel variety of English that is spreading quickly among the communities of non-native speakers (NNSs) around the world- is an interesting sociolinguistic phenomenon that largely depends on the success of Web-based communication (Jenkins, 2007; Seidlhofer, 2011). On the other hand, Telecollaboration represents one of the highest achievements of Web applications focused on the improvement of foreign language learning and intercultural competence (Belz, 2005). It is thus reasonable to say that studies on ELF and Telecollaboration share a common background and that it should be advisable to try and integrate them in order to carry out research on the pedagogical implications of telecollaboration when the use of ELF is concerned. The purpose of this paper is to present a research project called Intercultural Telecollaboration that involved a group of ten Italian high-school students from the Liceo Classico Statale "E. Q. Visconti" of Rome, who use English as a Lingua Franca online, and a group of ten American intermediate students of Italian from the University of Arizona. Its main goal was to improve the students’ intercultural competence, a) by fostering their mutual understanding through the use of their L2s, and b) by supporting cooperative practices through web-mediated communicative activities (Thorne, 2003 and 2010; Belz, 2005). The rationale behind this study is that the Internet is an artifact that provides a hypermedia-based constructivist learning context whereby the remediation of linear written discourse via the integration of digital tools (e.g. verbal texts, audiovisual documents and hyperlinks) can promote authentic asynchronous interaction and favour sociocognitive processes in language use (Thorne, 2008; Batstone, 2010). This research is based on integrating Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT, Ellis, 2003) and Sociocultural Theory (SCT, Vygotsky, 1978; Lantolf, 2000; Lantolf and Thorne, 2006) via hypermedia applications (Bolter and Grusin, 1999). The students who participated in it created a community of practice (Cop, Wenger, 1998) and interacted online through a website and a wiki that were purposely designed for the needs of the project (O'Dowd and Waire, 2009). Moreover, as in second language acquisition (SLA) researchers and teachers increasingly recognize the necessity to elicit instances of language use that are illustrative of the learners’ performance while they are not focusing on accuracy (Ellis, 2003), participants were also encouraged to provide reciprocal peer feedback to enhance their language awareness and communicative competence (van Lier, 2004; Lantolf and Thorne, 2006). This way, it was possible to create a zone of proximal development (ZPD, Vygotsky, 1978; Lantolf and Thorne, 2006) whereby learners could support each other and improve their achievements in coping with their tasks. This paper will describe the different phases of the research project and discuss the most relevant results about the use of hypermedia to promote intercultural telecollaboration.

UID/HIS/04666/2019 The main goal of my PhD is to consider the phraseology present in the New Kingdom religious hymns which explicitly mentions the cosmogonical process, that is, that sheds some light on the way the world came into existence. My research is structured around three core questions: Who creates? (The identity of the Creator); What is created? (The outcomes of the Creation); How is it created? (The processes, mechanisms, and devices used by the Creator to set the World into existence). Nevertheless, there is one particular feature in this corpus that somehow blurs the individuation of these analytical axes: the fact that one of the most mentioned outcomes of the creation in these texts is the Creator himself. The Egyptian term xpr is quintessential in this context since it conveys the idea of “coming to existence” or “assuming/taking a shape” (e.g. BM EA826). Nevertheless, there are other ways of expressing this notion, namely the ones linked to an idea of construction and formation through manual/craft work, employing verbs such as od or nbj (e.g. pLeiden I 344 verso). The deity’s self-creation might as well be rendered by na allusion to a biological process, where the Creator would have engendered (wtT) and given birth (msj) to himself (e.g. BM EA551). In this paper I intend to focus on the different ways through which the Demiurge’s selfgenesis is conveyed in this corpus. On the one hand, I will consider the possible religious meanings and implications of this existential continuity between producer and product. On the other hand, I will link this phenomenon with other cosmogonical aspects attested in these texts, such as the creation of gods (theogony) and human beings (anthropogeny). publishersversion published

This paper addresses methodological dilemmas on the qualitative scientific writing process arising from anonymization practices, over a tendency to assume it as an easy and quick preliminary procedure to be performed when analyzing data. Ethical issues are pervasive along both social science practices and paradigms. Sociologists’ commitment to ethical principles is taught and gradually learned during academic training, later accepted through professional institutional membership and derived codes of ethical and professional conduct. Despite commonly associated with research procedures, the issues of security, anonymity and privacy of research subjects are not closed matters when finishing fieldwork, data gathering or obtaining advanced informed consent. Writing often brings out the anonymity versus visibility dilemma, on the one hand, forcing the researcher to decide between respecting subjects’ rights, needs, values, and desires; science, scientific and researcher’s aims, on the other. In this paper, we turn to the analysis of a case taken from the conduction of a sociological qualitative study based on interviews. While revealing the pitfalls behind a seemingly easy operation as the assignment of pseudonyms, empirical illustration also stresses out how ethical issues are pervasive to data analysis and writing and, in that sense, a never-ending process.

The translation of items (words and phrases) which are specific to one culture from a Source Language expressing that culture (the Source Culture) into a Target Language expressing another culture (the Target Culture) necessarily involves ‘dislocation’. This paper reviews three influential typologies for the translation of culturally specific items: Ivir (1987), Newmark (1981, 1988), and Hervey and Higgins (1992), referring also to Venuti (1995). It suggests a number of dichotomies for understanding these typologies and the translation of culturally specific items: 1 Source Culture-/Source Language-oriented (dom esticating) vs. Target Culture-/Target Language-oriented (foreignising); 2 non- lexicalised/ ungrammatical vs. lexicalised/grammatical; 3 semantically systematic vs. semantically anomalous; 4 synonymy-oriented vs. non-synonymy oriented; 5 situationally equivalent vs. culturally analogous; 6 lexical vs. structural. As an aid to understanding these typologies, the paper provides a visual ‘grid’, siting the various procedures proposed by each of the four typologies.

The use of digital resources in higher education has risen significantly over the last ten years and will continue to do so for the foreseeable future. The challenge for educational instructors is in determining how to utilise digital resources effectively; the basis for this should not be their availability alone, but rather their ability to enhance the student learning experience and achieve desired learning outcomes. This paper describes the successful widespread integration of digital resources in the undergraduate teaching of civil engineering at the National University of Ireland, Galway. Various types of digital resources, including animations, videos, design software and case studies, are utilised. The recently completed Engineering building is itself a digital resource. Designed as a living laboratory, the building’s structure, energy systems and internal environment are heavily instrumented and the structural, environmental and energy datasets are used as teaching tools. The higher education teaching of Engineering differs significantly from that of other disciplines, such as the Arts or Humanities, in that engineering degrees are typically subject to a strict accreditation process by the national professional engineering body. In Ireland, this body (Engineers Ireland) prescribe six programme outcomes for Level 8 engineering degree programmes. The learning outcomes of individual course modules must therefore map onto one or more of these prescribed programme outcomes. The aim of this paper is to elucidate how digital resources have been used successfully by academic staff in the teaching of civil engineering subjects to help achieve professional accreditation criteria whilst also providing a more engaging student learning experience.

In this paper I analyse the syntax of Latin demonstratives (DEMs) hic, ille, iste, within the framework of generative grammar.1 The data show that DEMs display many similarities but also some substantial differences among each other. I argue that the freedom in the arrangement of the elements in Latin nominal expressions (NEs) is only apparent and due to a non-systematic analysis of the data, which does not take into account the distinction between basic and marked orders, the latter being derived by syntactic movement. In particular, following Giusti (1993; 1997) and Oniga (2007), I show that DEMs are always in the highest specifier of the NE, namely, in SpecDP. In addition, I demonstrate that ille but not the other demonstratives can introduce an adjective in complex appositive structures. Beyond the theoretical contribution, I will also suggest at various points in the paper how linguistic theory can be useful in updating Latin grammars for classroom activities.

Research Questions:\ud • What are the phantasies which underpin Hirst's For the Love of God (2007), and how can these be interpreted through theories of the sublime?\ud • How can the sublime (and its legacies in contemporary culture) be understood to be interwoven with the aesthetic and logical forms of capital?\ud • What representation of the globalised economy does For the Love of God make?\ud \ud Research Context\ud • There is a current interdisciplinary discourse on the sublime. My own work’s place within this is investigating the sublime in contemporary art and culture, in particular examining relations between the sublime and the aesthetics of contemporary capitalism.\ud • This paper expands and develops a paper presented at the conference, "Trauma and the Sublime," Swansea University, 6-8 August 2008. \ud • It is published in a book of essays exploring the legacies of the sublime in contemporary art and culture.\ud \ud Research Methods\ud • The essay makes a close reading of the author's experience of For the Love of God, placing it within the context of the themes and rhetorical repertoire of Hirst's other work, and reading it in terms of the social, economic and cultural histories, across the period of the development of the discourse of the sublime.\ud • The sculpture is, in particular, read against the echoes between the language of Kantian aesthetics, and Marx's terminology. This allows both a mobilisation and an interrogation of Marxian approaches to cultural history.\ud • The Freudian notion of phantasy is used to understand the production and consumption of Hirst's work.\ud \ud Findings\ud • For the Love of God is “capitalist art,” traversed by the ideological contradictions of capitalism.\ud • The sculpture functions through an appeal to a sublime vision of the power and scale of global capital and entwines its viewers in a phantasy scene of consumption and labour.\ud • I trace this phantasy not just in the “postmodern” sublime, but also in longer histories of sublimity and economic discourse. Capital has long been the primary "sublime object" at the heart of the discourse on sublimity.\ud • Hirst's sculpture can be read as articulating phantasies of power in capitalist consumption, but also as a work in which anxieties about the violence and exploitation which lurk at the heart of capitalist production resurface.

The Sublime now is a collection of essays dealing with the sublime in contemporary theory, culture and society. It includes papers by internationally renowned authors from the UK, America and Europe alongside the new voices of younger academics. The contributors were: Jane Bennett, Mark Bould, Eu Jin Chua, Gudrun Filipska, Cornelia Klinger, Esther Leslie, William McDonald, Laura Mulvey, Claire Pajaczkowska, Griselda Pollock, Gene Ray, Bettina Reiber, Jan Rosiek, Sherryl Vint, and Luke White.\ud Research Questions:\ud The book critically examines the legacy of the sublime in contemporary art, culture and society and sets out to assess the value and dangers of this concept as it is articulated in its current resurgence in thought and practice.\ud \ud Research Context:\ud The book situates itself in a recent trans-disciplinary resurgence of interest in the notion of the sublime. It includes essays whose approaches come from aesthetics and ethics, ecological and political thought, psychoanalysis, feminism, film studies, literary studies, art history and popular culture. It sets out to critically reflect on, as well as contribute to this growing discourse. Its particular focus is around the visual.\ud \ud The collection’s origins were in a two-day conference at the Tate Britain, organised by research staff and students at Middlesex University and the London Consortium. The book selected from the papers delivered at the conference and also added other essays not presented at the conference. \ud \ud Findings:\ud The book identifies key issues and themes which surround the contemporary articulation of the sublime: ecological debates and current attitudes to nature; globalisation and to the recent politics of terror; current reappraisals of Kantian thought; contemporary art and its intertwinement with legacies stretching back to the Baroque; the aesthetics of cinema. It discovers the sublime as a concept closely bound into contemporary debates around popular culture, gender, the body, nature, violence, politics and globalised capitalism. The sublime is a complexly ambivalent category which on the one had points us beyond debates of the postmodern, but which is also implicated in the ideologies of contemporary society.

The stereotype of reserved and evasive Japanese people, whose language naturally fosters ambiguity and an intuitive and indirect style, pervades popular as well as pedagogical discourse. Despite evidence that, depending on the situation, Japanese can be fairly direct, this persistent stereotype often acquires normative status in language and culture instruction. \ud While acknowledging research that disproves the stereotype and notes instances of Japanese directness, this paper maintains that such widespread stereotypical perception of indirectness must also be acknowledged and explained. Quantitative research, based on analyses of the presence or absence of specific linguistic markers, may fail to account for the subjective nature of perceptions of indirectness. Since linguistic meanings can be scattered throughout the utterance and emerge from the interaction of linguistic forms with situational and relational variables, an analysis focused on linguistic markers often entails that whatever is responsible for the perception of an indirect style goes ‘under the radar’. \ud While acknowledging the existence of such genuine perceptions, in this paper I also note the socially ‘contentious' nature of stereotypes, that can be observed in the seamless shift from descriptive statements (about regularities in linguistic patterning) to evaluative statements (that qualify ‘the Japanese’). Stereotypical statements about the communicative style attributed to the Japanese fail to question the argumentative positioning of the evaluator, an issue that language pedagogy must be particularly weary of.\ud The paper presents various definitions of ‘indirectness’ that conceptualize it as a solution to some sort of interactional tension. It then describes an ethnographic interview conducted by the author with two native speakers of Japanese, and through an analysis of this conversation tries to provide a reasoned interpretation of the mechanisms responsible for the author’s perception of indirectness during the face-to-face encounter. \ud Indirectness is considered a metasign obtained by the interaction and convergence of various lower-level linguistic signs. Its interactional meaning, however, is not fixed but affected by the participants’ frames of interpretation, i.e. participants’ understanding of and expectations about the nature of the activity under way, including its goals and the allowed contributions. Additionally, the discussion uses Jackendoff’s (2007) composite notion of social values to show how an individual’s (verbal) behaviour, including the use of an indirect style, can be taken to signal different types of social values: affective, normative, utilitarian values etc. This can account for similarities as well as differences to the value systems of other individuals within the same group or culture, and permits to avoid essentializing and stereotyping statements. \ud I conclude by highlighting the implications of this analysis for language teachers: the need to bring to the fore the participant’s interpretive frames (typically different and potentially conflicting in intercultural communication), and the need to adopt a more elaborated notion of social values that can account for individual variability within broadly shared cultural parameters.

Published with the permission of Cambridge Scholars Publishing. The paper deals with the epistemological background of archaeology's conceptualisation of children's identities in the past. In the advancement of child archaeology there is something about children that catches the eye of the archaeologist, and something that evades it, which concerns the formation and interpretation of the archaeological data material. This paper focuses on the understanding of central concepts, which form a theoretical bridge to the study and mediation of childhood and children in the past. Multi-cultural and interdisciplinary research based on a common epistemology is required in order to advance the subject further on the academic scene.

This paper offers two different ways of engaging with the world society, by comparing the means of production and distribution of sacred products of two monasteries of Mount Athos in the new market of faith. First, it looks at the reproduction of miraculous ribbons, blessed by the Girdle of the Virgin Mary kept in the monastery of Vatopaidi, which are exported worldwide through a network of churches, shops, and the internet. The second part of the paper focuses on the prophecies of the End of Time as a very different product exported by the self-proclaimed 'zealot' monks of the rival and neighbouring monastery of Esfigmenou. The paper highlights both the heterogeneity of monastic life on the Mount, as well as, the monks' economic and political agency and impact in public life, as well as, the rapid changes that took place inside the monasteries in the last two decades, and in relation to a 'world' (cosmos) out there.

Looking for the influence of the Plotinian thought on Henri Bergson’s philosophy is not an easy task to fulfil. I’ve been devoted to it for two or three times in the last few years and each time I try to think about the subject I end up with what seems to be another piece of the puzzle. This would obviously be a good thing if I didn’t also end up with different ideas about the whole picture represented in that puzzle. Mainly for this reason, my paper didn’t end up being what it was initially planned to be. And because the presence of Plotinus in Bergson’s work is a subject to which I can’t find a linear answer, my title is now more of a future path to cross, than a present reality. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Although Plato’s frequent use of Homeric quotations and references has been well documented, his use of summaries of Homeric episodes and passages in his writing has not been specifically examined and is worth closer attention. This paper focuses on three main examples: the summary of Achilles’ resolve to avenge Patroclus’ death in Apology 28c; a collection of short summaries of Homeric highlights at Ion 535B; Republic 393d-394a where Socrates summarises the episode of Chryses in Iliad 1. This study argues that although the way in which Plato summarises Homer varies, the resulting summaries have consistent agenda across the three dialogues examined.

It has been claimed that promoting student agency is one of the key features of new generation assessment practices in higher education. While studies in higher education have offered important new knowledge about how students show agency in assessment, what is largely lacking in the field of assessment and agency is i) an elaboration of the theoretical framework or a definition of the concept of agency, ii) a description of theory-driven data analysis and iii) the alignment of the theoretical framework and the analysis methods. In this chapter, we address these three points by offering an example of an earlier study on socio- cultural conceptualisation of agency and self-assessment. What follows is a critical reflection on the methodological choices of this paper. We argue that if the literature on assessment and agency keeps neglecting the socio-cultural aspects of agency, the research runs the risk of not being able to guide practice in the field of higher education or offer insights into oft-reported issues regarding student agency and assessment.

As in the case of many literary traditions originating from minor countries, in Late Imperial and Early Republican China several Italian literary works reached the Chinese readership through the mediation of foreign translations, mostly composed in English and French, as well as Japanese. Such languages, which Chinese literati and intellectuals had started to master, served as a catalyst and contributed to the diffusion of promising works which were starting to approach the international literary landscape, but were hardly able to reach China in their original form. In this context, also Grazia Deledda’s literary production has been introduced by the early 20th century Chinese translators through indirect translations. Despite being a stimulus to broaden the Chinese literary landscape, such process often compromised the integrity of the original linguistic choices: omissions, domestication and a frequent use of transliterations of realia strongly characterize Deledda’s translations, leading their readers through a winding path which could have compromised the reception of Deledda’s symbolic representation of the universal human psychology. From this perspective, this paper will introduce the first translations of Deledda’s production to show how the Chinese translators’ choices, and their inevitable tie with the medium language, affected a genuine understanding of the rural Sardinian world and its traditional moral values.

This paper is an edited version of that presented in the international Conference Ancient Greece and Contemporary World: The Influence of Greek Thought on Philosophy, Science and Technology (Ancient Olympia, Greece, 28- 31 August 2016), published under the reference ‘“The Representation of the Kingdom of Tartessus by the Ancient Greeks Revisited: New Evidence for a Forgotten Cause’, by Juan J. R. Villarías-Robles & Antonio Rodríguez-Ramírez. In S. A. Paipetis (ed.), 2017, Ancient Greece and Contemporary World: The Influence of Greek Thought on Philosophy, Science and Technology. An International Conference (Ancient Olympia, 28-31 August 2016) (ISBN: 978-960-530-171-2), pp. 133-141. Athens: University of Patras & International Center for Sciences and Hellenic Values, Results in the recent studies of the geomorphological evolution of the coastlines of Iberia in the Gulf of Cadiz in the Middle and Late Holocene add up to archaeological evidence accumulated since the 1980s in support of a renewed case for the representation of the pre-Roman kingdom of Tartessus in the writings of a number of Greek and Roman authors of Antiquity. Herodotus, for instance, made reference to this Iberian kingdom in connection with Ionian navigation, trade, and settlement in the western Mediterranean Sea in the 7th and 6th centuries BCE. The accumulated evidence ought to make researchers revise the paradigm for studying Tartessus that has prevailed in the literature since the 1960s. Launched in the wake of a number of sustained archaeological excavations and spectacular finds in the Spanish regions of Andalusia and Estremadura in the late 1950s and early 1960s, this paradigm has two defining characteristics: (1) the resort to archaeology as the practically exclusive source for Tartessus, to the detriment of the narratives from Antiquity, and (2) the concept of this ancient kingdom as a derivative culture in the long history of relations that natives of southern Iberia maintained with Phoenician traders and colonists.

This volume invites the reader to join in with the recent focus on subjectivity and self-reflection, as the means of understanding and engaging with the social and historical changes in the world through storytelling. It examines the symbiosis between anthropology and fiction, on the one hand, by looking at various ways in which the two fields co-emerge in a fruitful manner, and, on the other, by re-examining their political, aesthetic, and social relevance to world history. Following the intellectual crisis of the 1970s, anthropology has been criticized for losing its ethnographic authority and vocation. However, as a consequence of this, ethnographic scope has opened towards more subjective and self-reflexive forms of knowledge and representations, such as the crossing of the boundaries between autobiography and ethnography. The collection of essays re-introduces the importance of authorship in relationship to readership, making a ground-breaking move towards the study of fictional texts and images as cultural, sociological, and political reflections of the time and place in which they were produced. In this way, the contributors here contribute to the widening of the ethnographic scope of contemporary anthropology. A number of the chapters were presented as papers in two conferences organised by the Association of Social Anthropologists of the UK and Commonwealth at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, entitled Arts and aesthetics in a globalising world (2012), and at the University of Exeter, entitled Symbiotic Anthropologies (2015). Each chapter offers a unique method of working in the grey area between and beyond the categories of fiction and non-fiction, while creatively reflecting upon current methodological, ethical, and theoretical issues, in anthropology and cultural studies. This is an important book for undergraduate and post-graduate students of anthropology, cultural and media studies, art theory, and creative writing, as well as academic researchers in these fields.

Neil Williams and Lucy Jones also focus on graduate outcomes by\ud investigating the impact that research studentships can have, especially in the case of black and ethnic minority (BME) students, where there is a recognised attainment gap, at and beyond graduation. Their paper reviews the operation of a research internship scheme at Kingston University which has had a positive impact on graduate outcomes, with significant percentages achieving good, including first class, degrees and without the attainment gap previously identified for BME students. This effect is also clearly discernible beyond graduation, with participants in the research internship scheme achieving enhanced employment outcomes, across the participating student population

The contemporary contexts relating to ethnomusicology and other disciplines interested in music research are changing radically. Two main reasons are at the crux of this change: (1) the presence of music in academia has grown substantially over the last 20 years; consequently, research has considerably increased; (2) the persons who until now have been crucial for our research, especially in the field of ethnomusicology, are now very conscious of their importance for research outcomes and sometimes refuse to accept their “objectification”. The latter can be seen across a large spectrum of contexts, such as those belonging to the field of subaltern studies focusing on depressive urban communities or socially marginalised groups, as well as in the context of “high culture” universesresearch developed by art music performers about contemporary composers, for example. In both cases, the researcher represents an academically powered subject of authority. His/her work aims to promote the involved subjects but, mainly, to validate him/herself as the owner of a kind of knowledge which is socially more qualified. This situation generates deep asymmetries and has been discussed by different scholars, proposing methods and research actions based on “participative-actionresearch” practices. This is the case of Orlando Fals Borda in Colombia (1991, 2003) and Paulo Freire in Brazil (1970, 1990, 1996). This paper proposes to develop a critical approach to the canonical practices of research in music and ethnomusicology. I suggest the possibility of building shared research practices in music and ethnomusicology, based on the articulation of individual knowledges and experiences (academic/non-academic; performance/composition; practice/theory) for the construction of common new knowledge. In this sense, shared research practices can generate a de-hierarchisation of knowledges and, therefore, define a possible condition for the construction of more ecological relations between different subjects involved in research. published

Social aspects of pottery production are the most intriguing issues in pottery studies. Potters themselves are, however, invisible in the archaeological record, and considerations about their position in the society and organization of their production, especially for prehistoric periods, is very challenging and meets many constraints and difficulties. Organization of pottery production in prehistoric communities, especially in the Balkans, was very rarely considered in the past. Recently, researchers increased their attention and interest in these aspects of prehistoric everyday life. It seems that during Late Neolithic and Eneolithic many changes occurred, leading to the emergence of more complex communities. Craftsmen and potters among them played a very important role in this shift in social relations. This paper aims to explore pottery production in the societies in which initial stages of craft specialization may be assumed. Although Late Neolithic Vinča and Late Eneolithic Vučedol communities had a different social organization, the results of the analyses revealed the same organization of pottery production.

This book is part of the research project “Spanish Civil War and three decades of war in Europe: legacies and consequences (1914-1945/2014) ” (ref. HAR2013-4160-P)., On the occasion of the centenary of the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Centre d'Estudis Històrics Internacionals of the University of Barcelona (Center for International Historical Studies, CEHI-UB) has carried out a number of academic initiatives to deepen the study of the Russian revolutionary phenomenon, as well as the repercussions and the long-term consequences of that momentous event. Among the most significant results of the collective work done by CEHI-UB members, we can mention a series of lectures about the Revolution organised by the University of Barcelona; a course for university students held throughout the spring of 2017; and the publication, in book format, of a collection of essays by a Spanish publishing house (Andreu Mayayo and José Manuel Rúa, eds., Y el mundo cambió de base. Una mirada histórica a la Revolución Rusa). As a conclusion of this work, the University of Barcelona has held, in October 2017, an international congress (Centenary of the Russian Revolution, 1917-2017), that has been attended by leading specialists in the field, both Spanish and foreign. This volume collects all the conference papers, expanded and revised for English publication; it is also further enriched by the inclusion of three chapters expressly written for the book, as well as an introduction and final conclusions that help contextualise the text and confer coherence.

Foucault's sexuality device consists on a relationship between forces of power and resistance that becomes a strategy of management and control of the body and ways of being, and control of populations. It can be established between what is said and not said including discourses, institutions, architectural organizations, regulatory decisions, laws, administrative measures, scientific, philosophical and moral statements and philanthropic propositions. Based on this concept and Foucault's concept of modes of subjectivation, Fischer discusses the concept of media as a pedagogical device, showing how media and in particular television, influence the formation of individuals and subjectivities producing knowledge that contributes to educate individuals about their ways of living and being in their culture. Therefore, this paper aims: to characterize the teachers' perceptions on the potential of the topics developed in a workshop to plan, implement and evaluate a school sexuality education (SE) intervention using a soap opera as a pedagogical device; 2) to describe the type of SE interventions carried out. This study is a participatory action-research which started with an exploratory semi-structured interview, previously validated, applied to teachers interested in attending the in-service teacher training workshop in SE (N=15). The results obtained were used to plan the workshop (25 hours face-to-face and 25 hours in the school context), which was organized into three main topics: paradigms of SE and participatory and action-oriented SE projects; sexual rights as human rights; the Gabriela soap opera as a political and educational device. During this training teachers, organised in small groups of the same school (n=4), planned the SE intervention to be developed, including the selection of the soap opera characters they wanted to explore pedagogically. Throughout these two phases data were collected through the teachers' journals, the documents produced by teachers and students, and a final semi-structured interview applied to teachers. It was observed that although all these teachers consider action-oriented projects with the use of soap opera as a pedagogical device as the most adequate methodology for SE, many chose to use other student-centred approaches for the exploitation of pedagogical devices (n=3). In addition, it was observed that all groups of teachers opted for the soap opera characters that allowed them to promote students’ (de) construction of gender (n=4) and sexual identities (n=1) stereotypes. This study has great importance as it contributes to the evidence regarding the use of soap operas as a political and educational device in SE., Financial Support by CIEC (Research Centre on Child Studies, IE, UMinho; FCT R&D unit 317, Portugal) by the Strategic Project UID/CED/00317/2013, with financial support of National Funds through the FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) and co-financed by European Regional Development Funds (FEDER) through the Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Program (POCI) with the reference POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007562, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

I am sitting on the doorstep of the hotel side door, thinking of thresholds - marginal spaces that provide the kind of ambiguity I need to practice, to disperse, to encounter, to act – not standing for anything certain but renegotiating a relationship with audience; testing out work that is perhaps not “of art” (Duchamp 1913, 105). I pick up on a kind of creative energy found in such settings as abandoned buildings, building sites, cracks, gutters, vacant lots, wind and dust, clefts and fissures, and the crumbling pavement beneath my feet - they offer a useful metaphor for my (our?) uncertain? state of being. \ud Marcel Broodthaers wrote: "The definition of artistic activity occurs, first of all, in the field of distribution" (Crow, 1996 177). According to Daniel Kunitz (2011 47-52) the lesson of such earlier efforts in the1960’s where art challenged context, is that if you want to disrupt the understanding of what art is, you need to alter how it gets to its audience (see Fig. 7-1) and somehow rupture its first (physical) and second (conceptual) frames (Kosuth, 1977 169-173).\ud This paper explores the nature and characteristics of a kind of ad hoc drawing practice that emerged during a short residency in Delhi in the autumn of 2014, together with an unofficial offshoot of the main residency programme – a sort of escape. I am reflecting on the possibilities of a practice at the interstices between the individual and the collective, between purpose and play – a kind of non-place. This space is not yet a place, or at least if it once was a place, it has somehow lost its place within the master-plan and is slowly falling away from its institutional configuration (see Fig. 7-2).\ud The broader project contextualizes the continued value of drawing as an ad hoc, semi-structured method, alongside the tendencies amongst a number of contemporary artists re-examining the status of the art object and questioning its position as highly valued, unique commodity-component as we enter the Age of the Anthropocene. \ud In order to offer context, the chapter very briefly touches upon artists incorporating their own labour and that of others as the artwork, in relation to traditional forms of object creation for market exchange. The chapter considers the value of ad-hocism and purposeful purposelessness as strategies for developing new approaches to drawing, opening new directions for practice research as an aid to reimaging cultural sites in neglected urban settings such in Delhi (see Fig. 7-3).\ud The chapter reflects upon the nature and value of specifically improvisational drawing and contouring practices which involved street encounters, sweeping and drifting through the city following the cracks, contours and tears within the urban fabric. Reference is made to precedents in art concerning the function of labour within artistic outputs; problematizing the relationship between art and capital; provisionality; the lasting document; and drawing as a social practice.

Developments in science and technology, demand-driven education and practices, climate change, the gradual decrease in natural resources, and economic constraints all combine to drive increased interest in research in architecture and urbanism at EU levels. In light of this, the EURAU conferences were initiated in 2004 to create a platform for researchers to share their own research outputs and knowledge, and to discuss problems emerging in architecture and urbanism with a view to develop solutions. This book brings together 19 selected papers delivered at the EURAU2014 Istanbul “Composite Cities” Conference, the primary aim of which was to provide a medium in which the complex relationships between urban form and urban experience could be discussed. The conference did this by examining four composite characters of today’s cities: the hybrid city, the morphed city, the fragmented city and the mutated city. The volume addresses the importance of research on the complexity of today’s cities, cities that are transforming on various levels from local to global, while also shedding light on new models of urbanism discussed together with new decision-making actors.

Risk does not exist. It is an invention rather than a reality yet it arguably underpins Western societal structures. Etymologically it is a relatively recent word and one whose origins appear obscure. In Chinese medicine, its relationship to fear locates its influence in the kidneys, with adrenaline. Its various contemporary uses and meanings suggest a hybrid origin, a becoming that melds European commerce and Arabic belief systems with a sense of looking back upon Classical Graeco-Roman heroic identity, for conceptually it has been re-grounded in traditional and gendered Western practices. Its engendered aspects have led to its particular appearance in male-dominated narratives about bravery and adventures in pursuit of finance, treasures or goals. Its possible Arabic origins identify something that is accorded by God rather than chance. In this century, Beck’s work on ‘Risk Society’ associates management of risk with Weber’s Western consumer materialism and Protestantism. The concept of risk has therefore become an instrument of economics and political and material social governance and yet, Janus-like, it also constitutes a medium or process, a threshold locus for re-thinking or trialling - and potentially validating - an emergent individual identity, sometimes successfully, sometimes with horrifying consequences. On the one hand risk, associated with scientific measures, can be ‘managed’ while chance, serendipity and opportunity are ‘wild’ options that are not ‘managed’ but fast acquiring marginal eco-credentials. In this, mainstream Western society operates from the kidney position, from fear of a future intangible. Risk offers a means of transformation, a promise of value and ultimately a mediation of death or failure, but it equally avoids one of the huge realities of life - uncertainty. This paper explores some of the complex cultural and scientific framings of risk that seeks to weight the dice, debating its use as purveyor or guarantor of safety in medical contexts.

Founded on the analysis of a small corpus of Italian and English documents, the paper aims to discuss some anachronistic features that characterize the language of the administration in Italy. An overall formal rigidity, low-frequency lexical items (mostly terms), unclear jargon and complex syntactic structures definitely hinder communicative effectiveness and raise the risk of misunderstanding both in the internal hierarchical communication within the institution and in the external communication addressed to other institutions or to the general public. These negative features frequently combine with some forms of inconsequential textual organization, thus inevitably reverberating on the scope and significance of a text. Despite repeated official initiatives aimed at simplification imposed by the necessity of sharing information at both national and international (European) level, the language of the administration - bureaucratese – shows forms of resistance to change that cause serious drawbacks in communication and ask for linguistic as well as cultural adaptation owing to the different approach and perspective in tackling the presentation of the topics. The English corpus serves the intent of comparing these different perspectives, pointing to possible solutions in view of the simplification of bureaucratese and of problem-solving strategies useful during the act of linguistic and cultural mediation.

The purpose of this paper is to point out some of the continuities between queer theories and Beauvoir’s work. Mainly, to draw attention to some interpretations of Beauvoir that rethink the process of becoming one’s own gender and, sometimes, of unbecoming the gender that one is supposed to embody.

Forma parte de: Vale, Ana (ed.); Alves-Ferreira, Joana (ed.); Garcia Rovira, Irene (ed.). "Rethinking Comparison in Archaeology". Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Isbn 978-1-4438-7285-0., Archaeologists usually deal with the so-called “reverse problems”. Thus, our aim is to infer the causal mechanisms that have produced the observable archaeological record. It is a difficult task in light of the fact that different social practices can lead to similar material traces. Whilst this is perceived as a problematic issue, archaeologists continue to establish inferences drawing parallels and comparisons between objects (in micro scale) and archaeological context (in a macro scale) due to their ostensible similarity, ignoring if they were the result of the same cause or intention. Furthermore, the concept of similarity is often defined in an unquantifiable way, making more difficult the control of the hypotheses. In this paper we propose to approach these matters from a theoretical point of view. From a particular case-study, the Neolithic burial practices from the NE of the Iberian Peninsula, we present the possibilities of learning algorithms from Computer Science. Such techniques could prove to be a useful tool to infer the causal mechanisms which produced the archaeological record.

This paper proposes a comparison between recent attempts at a recalibration of the term “documentary” that have been consistently identified as the most relevant: Noël Carroll’s Gricean proposal, with its radical substitution of the term “documentary” by the more accurate notion of “presumptive assertion film” , Gregory Currie’s more essentialistic approach based upon the distinction between “testimony” and “trace” (adapted from Kendall Walton) added to the spectator’s awareness of the causal flow of meaning from the image / trace to the narrative, and Carl Plantinga’s non-definitional account that sees documentaries as proposing “asserted veridical representations”. This text proposes a panoramic view of all three accounts, a summary of their respective shortcomings and, briefly, a way to compile their insights into a workable explanation., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The paper aims to describe and critically reflect on the presence of American popular culture in Poland after 1989. It systematizes Polish experience with American cultural texts, and analyzes their forms and functions within the context of rapidly changing reality during transformation of the political and economic system. During first 15 years after entering free market economy American pop culture provided Poles with new patterns they could follow in new reality. American pop culture became the mainstream culture and a modernization force. However, after 2004, when Poles entered the European Union and reoriented their aspirations, seeking to satisfy them within European culture, American texts have lost its leading power becoming one of many cultural products in the global cultural offer available for Polish users.

This paper originated as a contribution to research on musical perception and cognition as part of the IDyOM project. Offered as a chapter in a volume including a wide range of approaches to “music and/as process”, we here focus directly on listening strategies to show how contrasting approaches to listening to minimalist music can lead to very different listening “narratives” when engaging with this repertoire.

An aeromechanical evaluation of large (over 1 Mw of nominal power) Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWT’s) is performed is this paper. The strategy is based on the combination of an aerodynamic module, which provides the three-dimensional pressure distribution on the HAWT’s blades, an a structural module which takes such pressure forces as input data in order to compute both, blade deformation and strain and stress distributions over the blade. The aerodynamic module combines the three-dimensional nonlinear lifting surface theory approach, which provides the effective incident velocity and angle of attack at each blade section, and a two-dimensional panel method for steady axisymmetric flow in order to obtain the 3D pressure distribution on the blade. Such pressure distribution constitutes the input data for the structural module, which is a finite element package whose output is the blade deformation and strain and stress distribution along the blade, as well as material induced fatigue. This methodology is applied to study a 50 m long blade able to provide a nominal power of 3 Mw. Key words: Wind turbine, aerodynamics, structural behaviour, numerical simulation, efficiency. Primera edición

This book brings together a range of papers on transnational lives, mobility and gender studies from various disciplinary perspectives and geographical contexts, including European, African and American countries. The thirteen contributions to the volume provide insights into transnational migration and family issues, offering a renewed theoretical approach to the differing conditions in migration access in origin societies and the scope of social inclusion in the receiving countries. The diversity of the authors’ backgrounds and the range of geographical contexts allow a wider understanding of the family in the transnational space, one that considers mobility as a developmental opportunity for individuals, whose consequences in the contemporary world have not yet been sufficiently studied.

The following papers try to overcome the weakness of certain explanations that researchers have traditionally taken as valid (or "least bad") archaeological responses. The main focus is on the types or dimensions of violence, and on its social function: is violence inherent to human nature, or is it rather an instrument that allows society to assimilate and accept situations of social dissymmetry.

The paper provides a reading of Kant's argument about the separation of philosophy and physiology in his late writing on Soemmering's "On the organ of the soul". First, Kant's discussion of Soemmering's hypothesis on the localization of the soul is revealing of how he accepts the prospect of a physiology of mind (Gemueth), and indeed gives original suggestions on the chemical analysis of imagination processes, while he rejects the very possibility of a lozalisation of the "I" as pure consciousness, as this concepts refers to a subject of pure principles and not to an object of experience. Hence, the hypothesis produces a misplaced conflict between philosophy, as a faculty concerned with pure principles, and medicine, as a faculty concerned with empirical principles

We report on use of iPads (and other IOS devices) for student fieldwork use and as electronic field notebooks and to promote active. We have used questionnaires and interviews of tutors and students to elicit their views and technology and iPad use for fieldwork. There is some reluctance for academic staff to relinquish paper notebooks for iPad use, whether in the classroom or on fieldwork, as well as use them for observational and measurement purposes. Students too are largely unaware of the potential of iPads for enhancing fieldwork. Apps can be configured for a wide variety of specific uses that make iPads useful for educational as well as social uses. Such abilities should be used to enhance existing practice as well as make new functionality. For example, for disabled students who find it difficult to use conventional note taking. iPads can be used to develop student self-directed learning and for group contributions. The technology becomes part of the students’ personal learning environments as well as at the heart of their knowledge spaces – academic and social. This blurring of boundaries is due to iPads’ usability to cultivate field use, instruction, assessment and feedback processes. iPads can become field microscopes and entries to citizen science and we see the iPad as the main ‘computing’ device for students in the near future. As part of the Bring Your Own Technology/Device (BYOD) the iPad has much to offer although, both staff and students need to be guided in the most effective use for self-directed education via development of Personal Learning Environments. A more student-oriented pedagogy is suggested to correspond to the increasing use of tablet technologies by students

This paper explores the reliability of festival books in early modern France