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Simple Summary: Nemognathinae is notable for its high diversity in Meloidae, yet our knowledge about its species in China remains restricted. Here, we describe a new genus and species and report three other species as new additions to the Chinese fauna. Based on our investigation of the types, we transfer the genus Oreomeloe from Meloini to Nemognathini. Finally, we present molecular phylogenies built on multi-locus data, which corroborate the systematic placement of Sinostenoria and Longizonitis. Our findings and treatment contribute to the understanding of Chinese Nemognathinae and resolve a pending issue in the taxonomy of Nemognathinae. Despite being the most widespread blister beetle subfamily, Nemognathinae is unfairly understudied in China. In this study, a new genus and species, Sinostenoria yangi Pan, from northern China is described and illustrated. The antennae, elytra, hind wings, and claws of the new genus form a truly unique set of characteristics never observed in other genera of Nemognathini Laporte de Castelnau, 1840. Three species from China are newly recorded and illustrated: Megatrachelus sibiricus (Tauscher, 1812), Zonitomorpha dollei (Fairmaire 1889), and Stenodera djakonovi Aksentjev, 1978. The genus Oreomeloe Tan, 1981, is transferred from the tribe Meloini Gyllenhal, 1910, to Nemognathini based on an examination of the types. Aiming to test the morphology-based placement of the new genus, we conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses using two mitochondrial (COI, 16S) and three nuclear markers (28S, CAD, ITS2). The results confirm our tribal assignment of the new genus and support a clade that consists of Sinostenoriagen. n., Longizonitis Pan and Bologna, 2018, Stenoria cf. grandiceps, and Ctenopus cf. persicus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) have increasingly become a threat to global health. Rapid, accurate, and reliable detection of HAI-related bacteria is urgently needed. Here, we presented a novel antimicrobial peptide-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering lateral flow assay (SERS-LFA) for the detection of multiple HAI-related bacteria. Antimicrobial peptide cecropin 1(CP1) was immobilized on the surface of Fe 3 O 4 @Au by the streptavidin-biotin system to capture Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) simultaneously. The synthesized Fe 3 O 4 @Au-CP1 exhibits excellent broad-spectrum capturing ability, rapid magnetic enrichment function, and superior antibacterial activity. LFA strips enable the specific detection of two target bacteria in a quick and simple manner, with bacterial type differentiation via corresponding monoclonal antibodies sprayed. The highly sensitive SERS signals and the amplification effect of streptavidin-biotin significantly improved the sensitivity of detection. The LODs of P. aeruginosa and E. coli O157:H7 were 12 and 16 cells/mL, respectively. This assay also exhibited good specificity and reproducibility when applied to urine samples. Therefore, Fe 3 O 4 @Au-CP1-based SERS-LFA has great potential for detecting multiple bacteria after infection as well as regularly monitoring therapeutic efficacy. • CP1 was first utilized as a broad-spectrum recognition element in SERS-LFA to detect multiple bacteria simultaneously. • The amplification effect of the streptavidin-biotin system enhances the binding efficiency of Fe 3 O 4 @Au-CP1 to bacteria. • Fe 3 O 4 @Au-CP1 MNPs enable quick capture and enrichment of bacteria. • CP1-based SERS-LFA can achieve highly sensitive and quantitative detection for P. aeruginosa and E. coli O157:H7. • The LODs for P. aeruginosa and E. coli O157:H7 were 12 cells/mL and 16 cells/mL, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obtaining lignin-based graphite-like microcrystallites at a relatively low carbonization temperature is still very challenging. In this work, we report a new method based on condensed structures, for regulating graphite-like microcrystalline structures via the incorporation of 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) into the main structure of lignin. The effects of MDI on the thermal properties of lignin and the graphite-like microcrystalline structure of lignin-based ultrafine carbon fibers were extensively studied and investigated. The incorporation of MDI decreased the thermal stability of lignin, increased the carbon yield and enhanced the formation of graphite-like microcrystallites, which are beneficial for reducing energy consumption during the preparation of lignin-based carbon fibers. The modified lignin-based ultrafine carbon fibers (M-LCFs) demonstrated satisfactory electrochemical performance, including high specific capacitance, low charge transfer resistance, and good cycle performance. The M-LCFs-3/2 electrode had a specific capacitance of 241.3 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, and a residual ratio of 90.2 % after 2000 charge and discharge cycles. This study provides a new approach to control the graphite-like microcrystalline structure and electrochemical performance while also optimizing the temperature. • Lignin-based carbon fiber with graphite structure was prepared at a low temperature. • Condensed structure facilitate the formation of graphite-like structure. • MDI decreased the thermal stability of lignin and energy consumption of carbon fiber. • MDI-modified lignin shows fascinating application in supercapacitor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Point-of-care quantitative analysis of tracing microRNA disease-biomarkers remains a great challenge in the clinical diagnosis. In this paper, we developed a portable fluorescent lateral flow assay for ultrasensitive quantified detection of acute myocardial infarction related microRNAs in bio-samples. SiO 2 @DQD (bilayer quantum dots assembly with SiO 2 core) based fluorescent lateral flow strip was fabricated as the analysis tool. In order to quantify the tracing microRNA in biosamples, a catalytic hairpin assembly and CRISPR/Cas12a cascade amplification method was performed and combined with the fabricated SiO 2 @DQD lateral flow strip. Thus, our platform gathered double advantages of portability and ultrasensitive quantification. Based on our strips, target myocardial biomarker microRNA-133a can be detected with a detection limit of 0.32 fM, which was almost 1000-fold sensitive compared with previous reported microRNAs-lateral flow strips. Significantly, this portable fluorescent strip can directly detect microRNAs in serum without any pretreatment and PCR amplification steps. When spiked in serum samples, a recovery of 99.65 %-102.38 % can be obtained. Therefore, our method offers a potential tool for ultrasensitive quantification of diseases related microRNA in the point-of-care diseases diagnosis field. [Display omitted] • Ultrasensitive single-line based SERS lateral flow assay for multiple exosomal proteins analysis has been developed. • For the first time CHA and CRISPR/Cas12a strategy were combined with LFA to improve the sensitivity. • The LOD (0.3 fM) was almost 1000-fold sensitivity than the previous fluorescence strips for miRNAs. • MiRNAs can be directly detected in serum without pretreatment or PCR amplification. • This assay possesses universality for miRNAs related diseases diagnosis in clinical setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]