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The main purpose of this review was to examine the evidence of the relationship between active smoking or passive smoking during pregnancy and atopic dermatitis in offspring. The protocol was written following the PRISMA Checklist and was registered in the PROSPERO database (registration number CRD42022381136). We implemented a comprehensive search in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases to identify all potentially related articles from inception through 1 December 2022. We assessed cohort studies and case–control studies using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS), and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool to assess the quality of cross‐sectional studies. Heterogeneity was investigated by using Cochrane Q tests and I2 statistics. In addition, according to the research design, population source and population size, the reasons for the heterogeneity were analysed. A total of 15 observational studies were included in this analysis. Our meta‐analysis suggests that atopic dermatitis in offspring is not associated with active smoking during pregnancy (pooled OR, 0.96 [95% CI 0.86–1.07]); however, it is related to passive smoking (OR, 1.52 [95% CI 1.36–1.70]). Passive smoking during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of eczema development in offspring. More research is needed to explore the risk of active smoking and eczema development in offspring, especially the association between measurements of pregnancy cotinine levels in maternal body fluids and AD in offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Background Objective Methods Conclusions Oral and maxillofacial tissue defects resulting from factors such as trauma or infection, can significantly impact both facial function and aesthetics. Additionally, the complex anatomical structure of the face often increases the difficulty of treatment. With the advantages of controlled release, targeted delivery, and enhanced mechanical properties, injectable hydrogels have been investigated for the treatment of oral and maxillofacial diseases. In the field of regeneration, injectable hydrogels have a structure similar to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and are biocompatible, which can be used as scaffolds for tissue regeneration.This review aims to summarize the literature on the current status and limitations of injectable hydrogels in the field of oral tissue regeneration.We searched Pubmed and Web of Science databases to find and summarize the articles on the application of injectable hydrogels in tissue regeneration.This review focuses on the current status and limitations of injectable hydrogels in the field of tissue regeneration (periodontal tissue, dentin‐pulp complex, bone and cartilage, salivary gland regeneration, and mucosal repair). Although fully studied in animal models, there are still challenges in clinical transformation of injectable hydrogels in promoting tissue regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Methods Results Conclusion Previous studies provided inconsistent associations between diabetes mellitus (DM) and miscarriage, recurrent miscarriage (RM). Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the association between DM and miscarriage, specifically RM, through a meta‐analysis approach.We searched for articles published before July 2023 in PubMed and Web of Science databases. STATA 12.0 software was used to compute all the results collected from included studies.DM was associated with a higher risk of miscarriage, RM (miscarriage: odds ratio [OR]/relative risk [RR] = 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13 to 1.34; RM: OR/RR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.55 to 1.94). T1DM was associated with a higher risk of miscarriage (OR/RR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.26). Similarly, T2DM showed a higher risk of miscarriage (OR/RR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.68). Miscarriage, RM were associated with a higher risk of DM (miscarriage: OR/RR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.19; RM: OR/RR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.20). Furthermore, miscarriage was found to be associated with a higher risk of T2DM (OR/RR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.11).In conclusion, our meta‐analysis findings indicate a significant association between DM and miscarriages as well as RM. As a result, women with a history of miscarriage should consider regular monitoring of their metabolic health as a potential benefit. Nevertheless, it is important to note that further research is needed to validate the results of our study and shed light on the biological mechanisms underlying these associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Methods Results Conclusion Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is one of the commonly used preoperative biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC), but no meta‐analysis has evaluated the findings of all recently published studies to determine whether its postoperative level can serve as a prognostic indicator.We conducted a systematic search for eligible literature from the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases in October 2023. Studies that investigated the relationship between postoperative serum CEA levels and prognosis in CRC patients were included. Outcome indicators, including overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), and progression‐free survival (PFS)/recurrence‐free survival (RFS), were analyzed using a fixed‐effects or random‐effects model. The pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used as effective values.This meta‐analysis included 20 eligible studies involving 10,114 CRC patients from the East Asian and Western countries. A comprehensive analysis revealed that elevated postoperative CEA levels were associated with low OS (HR: 2.92, 95% CI: 2.36–3.62, and p < 0.000), DFS (HR: 2.81, 95% CI: 2.01–3.94, and p < 0.000), and RFS/PFS (HR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.75–3.62, p < 0.000). A subgroup analysis by region, analysis type, distant metastasis, HR obtain method, sample size, postoperative measurement date, and study design demonstrated that the negative correlation observed between high serum CEA levels after surgery and poor prognosis was not significantly different between the subgroups.When CEA levels are found to be elevated during postoperative follow‐up, more active intervention measures should be implemented to further improve the patient's survival outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose Methods Results Conclusions The human visual system relies on neural networks throughout the brain that are easily accessible for tests exploring eye structures and movements. Over the past two decades, investigations have been carried out on both afferent and efferent components of the visual system in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This approach might represent an innovative biomarker research strategy to better characterise the phenotypic variability of ALS. The purpose of this review was to determine whether exploring the visual system of patients with ALS (pwALS) is an effective strategy.The Medline and Web of science databases were searched for studies with terms relating to ALS and vision. Of 1146 references identified, 43 articles were included.In this review article, both afferent and efferent components of the visual system were found to be impaired in pwALS in the absence of visual complaint, thereby contributing to the hypothesis that ALS is a multisystem disease with sensory involvement. Of note, some areas of the eye remain unexplored (i.e., tears, and retinal function using electroretinography).According to the findings available in the literature, investigating the oculomotor system and exploring the ocular surface could represent two key promising strategies to identify new diagnostic biomarkers in pwALS. Further longitudinal studies are needed to identify relevant indicators of disease progression and response to therapeutic intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Turmeric improves performance in nonruminants, but results in laying hens are not consistent. This meta‐analysis assessed the performance of laying hens fed turmeric powder (TP)–based diets. Nineteen studies retrieved from Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were used for the meta‐analysis. The outcome variables analysed were productive indices (feed intake [FI], feed conversion ratio [FCR], hen day production [HDP], egg weight [EW], egg mass [EM]), egg quality (Haugh unit [HU], shell thickness [SHT], shell strength [SHS], yolk cholesterol [YC]), serum biochemical parameters (serum cholesterol [SC], alanine transferase [ALT], and aspartate transferase [AST]), and moderator variables (layer strains, inclusion level, feeding duration, and hen's age). All analyses were performed on OpenMEE software and the R package. A random‐effects model (REM) was used and results were presented as standardised mean difference (SMD) at a 95% confidence interval (CI). The results showed that dietary TP improved FCR (SMD = −0.31; 95% CI: −0.61, −0.01; p = 0.046) and HDP (SMD = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.69; p < 0.001), but not EW, EM, HU, SHT, SHS, YC, and serum AST in layers. On the other hand, dietary TP decreased FI (SMD = −0.15; 95% CI: −0.26, −0.05; p = 0.004), SC (SMD = −75.18; 95% CI: −102.55, −47.80; p < 0.001), and ALT (SMD = −3.55; 95% CI: −4.71, −2.40; p < 0.001) in laying hens with proof of significant heterogeneity. However, meta‐regression showed that layer strains and feeding duration accounted for most of the sources of heterogeneity. In conclusion, results suggest that dietary TP increased HDP and reduced FI, FCR, SC, and ALT in laying hens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Methods Results Conclusions To evaluate the reporting quality of Scoping Reviews (ScRs) in endodontics according to the PRISMA Extension Checklist for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) and to analyse their association with a range of publication and methodological/reporting characteristics.Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched up to 31 January 2024 to identify scoping reviews in the field of endodontics. An additional search was performed in three leading endodontic journals. Study selection and appraising the quality of the studies was carried out independently by two reviewers. Each of the 20 PRISMA‐ScR items were allocated a score of either 0, 0.5 or 1 to reflect the completeness of the reporting. An item‐specific and overall percentage reporting quality score was calculated and reported through descriptive statistics across a range of publication, as well as methodological/reporting characteristics. A univariable and multivariable quantile regression was performed to identify the effect of publication and methodological/reporting characteristics (year of publication, journal, inclusion of an appropriate reporting guideline, and study registration) on the overall percentage reporting quality score. Association of reporting quality score with publication characteristics was then investigated.A total of 40 ScRs were identified and included for appraisal. Most of the studies were published from 2021 onwards. The overall median reporting quality score was 86%. The most frequent items not included in the studies were: a priori protocol registration (22/40 compliant; 55%), and reporting of funding (16/40 compliant; 40%). Other key elements that were inadequately reported were the abstract (7/40 compliant; 18%), the rationale and justification of the ScR (21/40 compliant; 52%) and the objectives of the study (18/40 compliant; 45%). Studies that adhered to appropriate reporting guidelines were associated with greater reporting quality scores (β‐coefficient: 10; 95%CI: 1.1, 18.9; p = .03). ScRs with protocols registered a priori had significantly greater reporting quality scores (β‐coefficient: 12.5; 95%CI: 6.1, 18.9; p < .001), compared with non‐registered reviews.The reporting quality of the ScRs in endodontics varied and was greater when the ScR protocols were registered a priori and when the authors adhered to reporting guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Therapeutic management of colorectal cancer (CRC) does not yet yield promising long‐term results. Therefore, there is a need for further investigation of possible therapeutic options. Various experiments have studied the effects of apigenin on CRC and have shown conflicting results. This systematic review and meta‐analysis investigates the currently existing evidence on the effect of apigenin on CRC. Methods: Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles related to apigenin and its effect on CRC in the preclinical setting. Cell viability, growth inhibition, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest for in‐vitro, and body weight, tumor size, and mortality in in‐vivo studies were extracted as outcomes. Results: Thirty‐nine articles investigating colorectal adenocarcinoma were included in this meta‐analysis. Thirty‐seven of these studies had data for in vitro experiments, with eight studies having data for in vivo experiments. Six articles had both in vitro and in vivo assessments. Our analysis showed apigenin reduces cell viability and induces growth inhibition, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in in vitro studies. The few in vivo studies indicate that apigenin decreases tumor size while showing no effects on the body weight of animal colorectal adenocarcinoma models. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that apigenin, through reducing cell viability, inducing growth inhibition, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, and also by decreasing the tumor size, can be considered as a possible adjuvant agent in the management of colorectal adenocarcinoma. However, further in vivo studies are needed before any efforts to translate the current evidence into clinical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to review the various techniques used to produce diesel from lignocellulosic biomass. Data were collected using the Web of Science database to identify trends, barriers, and prospects associated with the alternative methods used. The analysis reviewed 359 papers published between 2006 and 2021, focusing on three key areas: biomass pretreatment, biomass conversion, and biorefining. Pretreatment technologies require extensive research to reduce excessive energy and reagent consumption, thereby reducing overall costs. Fast pyrolysis and lipid‐producing microorganisms have been shown to be the most promising conversion routes due to their versatility in utilizing different lignocellulosic residues and producing a wide range of marketable co‐products. The most widely used method used for refining is hydroprocessing coupled with catalysts, with the objective of improving bio‐oil quality. Two of the main challenges are the excessive cost of the overall process and the limitations imposed by the technology. These limitations require processing optimization to achieve sustainable production and valuable co‐products. The growth of lignocellulosic diesel production will depend on the integration with other biodiesel and biofuel production processes by the optimization of new processes and the generation of new bioproducts to increase efficiency and reduce costs for commercial viability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Diabetes has been related to higher risk and poor prognosis of patients with tuberculosis, while the influence of prediabetes on the treatment outcome of patients with tuberculosis remains not determined. A meta‐analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of prediabetes on treatment outcome of patients with tuberculosis. Methods: Relevant cohort studies were acquired through a search of Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. To minimise the influence of between‐study heterogeneity, a randomised‐effects model was used to pool the results. Results: Eight prospective cohort studies including 3001 patients with tuberculosis were available for the meta‐analysis. Among them, 752 (25.1%) were with prediabetes at baseline, and the patients were followed for a mean duration of 17.7 months. It was shown that compared to patients with normoglycemia, those with prediabetes were associated with a higher incidence of unfavourable treatment outcome (risk ratio [RR]: 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02 to 1.96, p = 0.04; I2 = 56%). Subgroup analysis did not support that difference in study country (Asian or non‐Asian), diagnosis (pulmonary tuberculosis only or also with extrapulmonary tuberculosis), mean age, follow‐up duration, or study quality score had significant influence on the results (p for subgroup difference all >0.05). However, prediabetes at baseline was not associated with an increased risk of all‐cause mortality during follow‐up (RR: 1.59, 95% CI: 0.75 to 3.38, p = 0.23; I2 = 54%). Conclusions: Patients with tuberculosis and prediabetes may have a higher risk of unfavourable treatment outcome compared to patients with normoglycemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The benefits of intravenous thrombolysis are time‐dependent, with maximum efficacy when administered within the first "golden" hour after onset. Nevertheless, the impact of golden hour thrombolysis has not been well quantified. Methods: Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched from inception to August 27, 2023. We included studies that reported safety and efficacy outcomes of ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis in the golden hour versus later treatment window. The primary outcome was an excellent functional outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0–1 at 90 days. The secondary efficacy outcome was a good functional outcome (defined as modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2). The main safety outcome was symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. Results: Seven studies involving 78,826 patients met the selection criteria. Golden hour thrombolysis was associated with higher odds of 90‐day excellent functional outcomes (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.16–1.67) and 90‐day good functional outcomes (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.13–1.69) compared with thrombolysis outside the golden hour. The number needed to treat to benefit for golden hour thrombolysis to reduce disability by at least 1 level on the modified Rankin Scale per patient was 2.6. Rates of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and mortality were similar between groups. Interpretation: Golden hour thrombolysis significantly improved acute ischemic stroke outcomes. The findings provide rationale for intensive efforts aimed at expediting thrombolytic therapy within the golden hour window following the onset of acute ischemic stroke. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:582–590 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Three‐dimensional (3D) endoscopy has been developed to provide depth perception to allow for improved visualisation during otolaryngology surgery. We conducted a systematic review to determine the surgical safety and efficacy of 3D endoscopy in comparison to two‐dimensional (2D) endoscopy in performing otolaryngology procedures, and the role of 3D endoscopy as a training tool for novice otolaryngology surgeons. Methods: Primary studies were identified through MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science databases, which were searched for articles published through June 2022 that compared the outcomes of 2D and 3D endoscopy in otolaryngology surgical procedures or otolaryngology‐relevant simulations. Candidate articles were independently reviewed by two authors. Results: A total of 18 full‐text articles met inclusion criteria for this study. In clinical trials (n = 8 studies, 362 subjects), there were no significant differences in performance time, intraoperative or postoperative complications with 3D endoscopes when compared to 2D. In simulation studies (n = 10 studies, 336 participants), 3D endoscopes demonstrated a decreased error rate (n = 5 studies) and shorter performance time (n = 3 studies). Studies also reported improved depth perception (n = 14 studies) and visualisation preference (n = 5 studies) with 3D over 2D systems. The 3D systems were found to have a shorter learning curve and better manoeuvrability among novice surgeons. Conclusion: 3D endoscopy showed equivalent safety and efficacy compared to 2D endoscopy in otolaryngology surgery. The improved depth perception and performance for novices using 3D endoscopes suggests the technology may be superior to 2D endoscopes as a training tool for otolaryngology surgeons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethical consumption is a domain of consumer research that focuses on individuals' ethical concerns when making consumption decisions. Owing to its enormous potential as a research domain, ethical consumption has gained increasing importance, especially in view of the impact of consumption choices on the environment and society as a whole. This study consolidates the existing body of information on ethical consumption through a systematic literature review (SLR) employing the SPAR‐4‐SLR methodology in conjunction with the ADO‐TCM framework. An extensive search was conducted using the Scopus and Web of Science databases, carefully selecting 125 publications related to ethical consumption from 2002 to 2023. Next, a comprehensive descriptive analysis was conducted to identify the most substantial gaps in the literature and propose concrete directions for future research. Scholars across academic fields can utilize these findings and guidelines to inform their research, while practitioners can implement ethical consumption behavioral philosophies in their sustainable business practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Recently, peptides have been studied in Caenorhabditis elegans for anti‐aging research. Due to the lack of sufficient evidence, we conducted this meta‐analysis focusing on the anti‐aging effect of peptides in C. elegans to provide more convincing evidence. RESULTS: A literature search in PubMed, SCOUPUS, and Web of Science databases yielded 2879 articles. After removing duplicates and based on inclusion criteria and STAIR checklist quality assessment, nine articles were selected. Data extraction and analysis showed that, compared to the control group without peptide intervention, peptide supplementation significantly reduced nematode mortality risk [hazard ratio = 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.47, 0.62; P < 0.05], significantly increased the pharyngeal pumping rate [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.64, 95% CI = 0.87, 2.41; P < 0.05], bending frequency (SMD = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.16, 2.18; P < 0.05), and significantly decreased the accumulation of lipofuscin levels within nematodes (SMD = −4.48, 95% CI = −6.85, −2.12; P < 0.05). Additionally, subgroup analysis showed that doses ranging from 0.1 to 1 mg/mL (HR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.38, 0.65; P < 0.05) displayed better anti‐aging effects compared to other dose ranges. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that peptides can significantly extend the lifespan of C. elegans under normal circumstances and improve three indicators of healthy life. More importantly, subgroup analysis revealed that a dosage of 0.1–1 mg/mL demonstrated superior anti‐aging effects. This meta‐analysis provides more convincing evidence that peptides can play an anti‐aging role in C. elegans. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Objectives Methods Results Conclusions There has been a long debate whether delaying treatment with levodopa prevents motor complications in Parkinson's disease (PD).We performed a meta‐analysis on randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared early‐ versus delayed‐start treatment with levodopa in PD.A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases from inception to July 1, 2023. Only RCTs that compared early and delayed levodopa treatment in PD were included. Non‐randomized comparisons from follow‐up studies were included as well. Our primary outcomes were occurrence of overall motor complications, motor fluctuations, and dyskinesias.Seven studies with a total of 1149 patients (636 in the early‐start group and 513 in the delayed‐start) were included in our analysis. There was no difference between groups regarding motor complications (OR 1.39; 95% CI: 0.68–1.72; P = 0.37) or dyskinesias (OR 1.52; 95% CI: 0.90–2.57; P = 0.11). Motor fluctuations occurred less frequently in the early‐start group (OR 0.70; 95% CI: 0.52–0.95; P = 0.02). Nonetheless, on subgroup analysis of dopamine agonists, rate of dyskinesias was smaller in the delayed‐start group (OR 1.82; 95% CI: 1.08–3.07; P = 0.03).Delaying treatment with levodopa does not seem to prevent levodopa‐related motor complications in PD. Adjunct treatment with dopamine agonists may reduce the need for higher doses of levodopa and thus reduce the risk for dyskinesias but this practice is often associated with a higher frequency of adverse effects related to dopamine agonists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: To assess the effectiveness of novel HIV curative strategies, "cure" trials require periods of closely monitored antiretroviral therapy (ART) analytical treatment interruptions (ATIs). We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to identify the impact of ATI with or without novel therapeutics in cure‐related studies on the time to viral re‐suppression following ART restart. Methods: Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched for human studies involving ATIs from 1 January 2015 till 22 April 2024. The primary outcome was time to first viral re‐suppression (plasma HIV viral load [VL] <50 copies/ml) stratified by receipt of interventional drug with ATI (IA) or ATI‐only groups. Random‐effects proportional meta‐analysis and multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis were performed using R. Results: Of 1073 studies screened, 13 were included that met the inclusion criteria with VL data available after restarting ART (n = 213 participants). There was no difference between time to viral suppression in IA or ATI‐only cohorts (p = 0.22). For 87% of participants, viral suppression within 12 weeks of ART restart was achieved, and all eventually had at least one VL <50 copies/ml during follow‐up. After adjusting for covariables, while participants in the IA cohort were associated with less rapid suppression (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.61, 95% CI 0.40–0.94, p = 0.026), other factors include greater log VL at ART restart (aHR 0.56, 95% CI 0.46–0.68, p<0.001), duration since HIV diagnosis (aHR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89–0.96) and longer intervals between HIV VL monitoring (aHR 0.66, 95% CI 0.59–0.74, p<0.001). However, the use of integrase inhibitors was associated with more rapid viral suppression (aHR 1.74, 95% CI 1.16–2.59). Discussion: When designing studies involving ATIs, information on time to viral re‐suppression after restarting ART is important to share with participants, and should be regularly monitored and reported, to assess the impact and safety of specific trial interventions in ATI studies. Conclusions: The majority of participants achieved viral suppression after restarting ART in ATI studies. ART regimens containing integrase inhibitors and frequent VL monitoring should be offered for people restarting ART after ATI studies to ensure rapid re‐suppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sources of resistance are an important control measure for witches' broom disease in cacao. Their identification through quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and genetic diversity analysis would assist breeding programs to develop new cultivars with improved resistance traits. We conducted a systematic review that compiles the main advances in the search for resistance to witches' broom disease. The systematic review on Scopus, Springer Link, PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science databases followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines using the State of the Art through Systematic Review (StArt) software. We identified genotypes exhibiting the most significant resistance in phenotypic analysis, along with combinations of crosses that are promising for future studies and cultivar development. Data on genetic diversity indicate a wide possibility of benefits from heterozygosis. Genetic mapping and association studies revealed eight QTLs associated with resistance and several candidate genes with known and unknown biological functions. More comprehensive research of the various sources of resistance to witches' broom disease is crucial for the advance of cacao breeding programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Endoxifen, a protein kinase C inhibitor and selective estrogen receptor modulator, primarily used in breast cancer treatment, has recently emerged as a potential therapeutic option for managing manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder (BD). This review aims to assess the existing evidence base for endoxifen in BD treatment and evaluate the strengths and limitations of current research findings. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. We included studies published in English that used endoxifen in BD, alongside any relevant studies identified through manual searching and conference papers with full‐text availability. Information pertaining to dose, duration, clinical effects, and safety profiles was extracted from the included studies. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias in clinical trials. Results: The final review included seven case reports (including two conference presentations), two clinical trials, and one prospective study. Most studies administered endoxifen 8 mg and reported an improvement in manic symptoms. Several case reports included patients with comorbid substance use, and most patients received mood stabilizers concurrently. Few reports lacked any structured outcome measures. The clinical trials used divalproex 1000 mg as an active comparator, which was deemed sub‐therapeutic. Despite being multicentric, the first trial lacked data on center‐wise recruitment, and certain methodological concerns were observed across the included trials. There were no serious adverse effects noted, except for a significant elevation in lipid profile within a 3‐week period. Limited data were available regarding endoxifen efficacy and safety in mixed episodes, depressive episodes, and maintenance treatment. Conclusion: There is a paucity of research on the efficacy and safety of endoxifen in BD. While existing evidence suggests short‐term efficacy in manic episodes, significant limitations were identified in most of the included studies. Further research is imperative to establish the efficacy and safety of endoxifen in BD before considering its recommendation as a viable treatment option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Probability discounting (PD), which refers to the process of adjusting the value of future probabilities when making decisions, is a method of measuring impulsive decision‐making; however, the relationship between PD and nicotine remains unclear. The current study aimed at investigating the significance of PD in individuals who smoke. Methods: According to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines, we searched the PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases for articles comparing individuals who smoke and their tobacco‐naïve controls using PD task as outcome measure from inception to May 2023. The main outcome was an overall difference in PD function, while subgroup analysis and meta‐regression were conducted to examine the analysis methods and the moderators of PD. Results: Fourteen studies in total involving 384 individuals who smoke and 493 controls (mean age = 24.32 years, range = 15.1–38.05 years) were analyzed. The effect of smoking on PD was significant (g = 0.51, p =.02). The discounting parameter from the equation, compared to the area under the curve, was more sensitive to estimating PD function (p =.01). Regression analysis showed positive correlations of PD with female percentage, age, and the number of probability options (all p <.04), but not with the number of choices at each probability and maximum reward magnitude (all p >.07). There was no significant publication bias across the eligible studies (p =.09). Conclusion and Scientific Significance: Our findings, which are the first to demonstrate a smaller PD (i.e., prone to risk‐taking) in individuals who smoke, shed light on the appropriate analysis method, gender effect, age, and probability options on the PD function. Answer questions and earn CME credit [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International trade and investment have always been an epicenter of research, and with the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, a surge in the publication of review articles focusing on different facets of trade and investment has been observed, but a comprehensive retrospective review of international trade and investment remains scarce. To address this gap, a systematic literature review of 30 articles published in A* and A ranked journals, along with performance analysis and science mapping of 720 articles retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science databases using bibliometric analysis is done. Considering the dynamic nature of international trade and investment, the relationship between export policies and international trade influences the global landscape, which fosters mutually beneficial relationships leading to economic cooperation. Capitalizing on opportunities and mitigating risks associated with international investment is crucial for maintaining sustainable international business operations. Through these interconnected relationships, the research contributes to the understanding of the interdependent forces shaping the global economic paradigm in a unified manner. Moreover, the study provides future research directions and questions which are culled from the analysis and offer potential advancements in the field of international trade and investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients' missed appointments can cause interference in the functions of the clinics and the visit of other patients. One of the most effective strategies to solve the problem of no‐show rate is the use of an open access scheduling system (OA). This systematic review was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of OA on the rate of no‐show of patients in outpatient clinics. Methods: Relevant articles in English were investigated based on the keywords in title and abstract using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and Google Scholar search engine (July 23, 2023). The articles using OA and reporting the no‐show rate were included. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) review articles, opinion, and letters, (2) inpatient scheduling system articles, and (3) modeling or simulating OA articles. Data were extracted from the selected articles about such issues as study design, outcome measures, interventions, results, and quality score. Findings: From a total of 23,403 studies, 16 articles were selected. The specialized fields included family medicine (62.5%, 10), pediatrics (25%, four), ophthalmology, podiatric, geriatrics, internal medicine, and primary care (6.25%, one). Of 16 articles, 10 papers (62.5%) showed a significant decrease in the no‐show rate. In four articles (25%), the no‐show rate was not significantly reduced. In two papers (12.5%), there were no significant changes. Conclusions: According to this study results, it seems that in most outpatient clinics, the use of OA by considering some conditions such as conducting needs assessment and system design based on the patients' and providers' actual needs, and cooperating of all system stakeholders through consistent training caused a significant decrease in the no‐show rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The floating toe deformity is classified as a forefoot deformity wherein the distal portion of the toe does not establish touch with the ground, resulting in a suspended or elevated position while the finger is in a relaxed state. At first, it garnered considerable interest as a complication It is worth noting that this condition is particularly common in children under the age of 8, which usually disappears as the individual reaches maturity. Studies have shown that with the aggravation of floating toe deformity, its adverse effects on patients' gait and overall quality of life also increase. Despite the prevalence of floating toe deformity in clinical settings, there is a lack of comprehensive literature investigating its underlying causes and potential preventive strategies. This scope review follows the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) statement guidelines for scope reviews. The literature was obtained from various full‐text databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Wanfang Database, PubMed, and Web of Science Database. Our search focused on published literature related to floating toes, Weil osteotomy, and distal metatarsal osteotomy, up until March 1, 2023. The literature search and data analysis are conducted by two independent reviewers. If there are any disagreements, a third researcher will participate in the discussion and negotiate a decision. Furthermore, two experienced foot and ankle surgeons conducted a thorough literature analysis for this review. Sixty‐two articles were included. Through the clinical analysis of the structural changes of the forefoot before and after operation, the classification of floating toe was described, the causes of pathological floating toe were summarized, and the possible intervention measures for the disease were put forward under the advice of foot and ankle surgery experts. We comprehensively summarize the current knowledge system about the etiology of floating toe and put forward the corresponding intervention strategy. We recommend that future studies will focus on the improvement of surgical procedures, such as the combination of Weil osteotomy, proximal interphalangeal (PIP) arthrodesis and flexor tendon arthrodesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Alcohol is implicated in epileptogenesis and seizures attack. An increasing number of studies about alcohol and epilepsy have been published. We aimed to assess research trends and hot spots in the field of alcohol and epilepsy. Patients and Methods: Literature concerning alcohol and epilepsy was systemically searched through the Web of Science database. Collaborative maps were quantitatively analyzed by using the VOSviewer and CiteSpace tools. Results: A total of 1578 papers about the field of alcohol and epilepsy were taken into analysis, which was written by 6840 authors from 2153 institutions in 85 countries, published in 676 journals, and cited 79 667 references from 10 750 journals. The United States was the leading country and had close ties with others. The University of Toronto was the most productive institution. Alcoholism‐clinical and experimental research was the fastest‐growing journal. Richard J. Bodnar was the author contributing the most literature. Analysis of keywords showed epilepsy, alcohol, seizures, alcohol withdrawal, and management were common themes. Conclusion: The presented study conducted the first bibliometric analysis of the field of alcohol and epilepsy, which will provide insights into the latest progress, evolution paths, frontier research hot spots, and future research trends in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound for detecting placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) during the first trimester of pregnancy and compare it with the accuracy of second‐ and third‐trimester ultrasound examination in pregnancies at risk for PAS. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched to identify relevant studies published from inception until 10 March 2023. Inclusion criteria were cohort, case–control or cross‐sectional studies that evaluated the accuracy of ultrasound examination performed at < 14 weeks of gestation (first trimester) or ≥ 14 weeks of gestation (second/third trimester) for the diagnosis of PAS in pregnancies with clinical risk factors. The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of sonography in detecting PAS in the first trimester, compared with the accuracy of ultrasound examination in the second and third trimesters. The secondary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of each sonographic marker individually across the trimesters of pregnancy. The reference standard was PAS confirmed at pathological or surgical examination. The potential of ultrasound and different ultrasound signs to detect PAS was assessed by computing summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio and positive and negative likelihood ratios. Results: A total of 37 studies, including 5764 pregnancies at risk of PAS, with 1348 cases of confirmed PAS, were included in our analysis. The meta‐analysis demonstrated that ultrasound had a sensitivity of 86% (95% CI, 78–92%) and specificity of 63% (95% CI, 55–70%) during the first trimester, and a sensitivity of 88% (95% CI, 84–91%) and specificity of 92% (95% CI, 85–96%) during the second/third trimester. Regarding sonographic markers examined in the first trimester, lower uterine hypervascularity exhibited the highest sensitivity (97% (95% CI, 19–100%)), and uterovesical interface irregularity demonstrated the highest specificity (99% (95% CI, 96–100%)). In the second/third trimester, loss of clear zone had the highest sensitivity (80% (95% CI, 72–86%)), and uterovesical interface irregularity exhibited the highest specificity (99% (95% CI, 97–100%)). Conclusions: First‐trimester ultrasound examination has similar accuracy to second‐ and third‐trimester ultrasound examinations for the diagnosis of PAS. Routine first‐trimester ultrasound screening for patients at high risk of PAS may improve detection rates and allow earlier referral to tertiary care centers for pregnancy management. © 2024 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The oral and maxillofacial complex is subject to a range of traumas. Injuries to the region are devastating and have a great impact on social health outcomes. This review intends to investigate the aetiologies of maxillofacial trauma across Australia. Methods: This review was written in accordance with the PRISMA‐ScR. Comprehensive searches of CINAHL, MEDLINE, Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were conducted to identify potentially relevant literature. Quantitative observational epidemiological studies were sought and were required to include at least one aetiology to the maxillofacial region in their data set. A total of 31 eligible studies were included. Results: The greatest recorded causes of maxillofacial injuries included inter‐personal violence (34.98%) falls (20.87%), sports (15.62%), and motor‐vehicle accidents (14.31%). These four aetiologies cumulatively accounted for more than 85% of maxillofacial injuries. From all sustained injuries (n = 7661), the orbit was the most prevalent site of fracture (31.85%), followed by the zygoma (22.01%), mandible (21%), nasal bone (12.45%), maxilla (10.04%), dentoalveolus (1.84%), antrum (<1%), and frontal bone (<1%). Conclusion: Violence was an unprecedented cause of trauma—additional research is recommended to further characterize the correlation between the two variables. Research is also recommended specifically in regional/rural communities, where data was particularly limited. © 2024 Australian Dental Association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to summarize current knowledge regarding the use of orthopaedic functional appliances (OFA) in managing unilateral craniofacial microsomia (UCM). The eligibility criteria for the review were (1) assessing use of OFA as a stand‐alone treatment and (2) using OFA in combination during or after MDO. The PICO (population, intervention, comparison and outcome) format formulated clinical questions with defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. No limitations concerning language and publication year were applied. Information sources: A literature search of Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science databases without restrictions up to 30 September 2022. The risk of bias was assessed. According to Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines, two independent authors conducted data extraction. The level of evidence for included articles was evaluated based on the Oxford evidence‐based medicine database. Due to the heterogeneity of studies and insufficient data for statistical pooling, meta‐analysis was not feasible. Therefore, the results were synthesized narratively. A total of 437 articles were retrieved. Of these, nine met inclusion criteria: five assessing OFA and four assessing OFA during or after MDO. There is limited evidence to suggest that stand‐alone and combination treatment with OFA is beneficial for treating mild‐to‐moderate UCM‐related dentofacial deformities in short term. No studies assessed the burden of care. In the management of UCM, there is insufficient evidence supporting the efficacy of OFA as a stand‐alone treatment or when combined with MDO. Additionally, there is a lack of evidence regarding treatment protocols and the effect on the condyles and the TMJ. The study was registered at Prospero database number CRD42020204969. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computer vision (CV) shows increasing promise as an efficient, low‐cost tool for video seizure detection and classification. Here, we provide an overview of the fundamental concepts needed to understand CV and summarize the structure and performance of various model architectures used in video seizure analysis. We conduct a systematic literature review of the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from January 1, 2000 to September 15, 2023, to identify the strengths and limitations of CV seizure analysis methods and discuss the utility of these models when applied to different clinical seizure phenotypes. Reviews, nonhuman studies, and those with insufficient or poor quality data are excluded from the review. Of the 1942 records identified, 45 meet inclusion criteria and are analyzed. We conclude that the field has shown tremendous growth over the past 2 decades, leading to several model architectures with impressive accuracy and efficiency. The rapid and scalable detection offered by CV models holds the potential to reduce sudden unexpected death in epilepsy and help alleviate resource limitations in epilepsy monitoring units. However, a lack of standardized, thorough validation measures and concerns about patient privacy remain important obstacles for widespread acceptance and adoption. Investigation into the performance of models across varied datasets from clinical and nonclinical environments is an essential area for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), have been increasingly associated with eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGID). However, the relationship between these diseases remains unclear. We performed a systematic review with meta‐analysis to address this issue. Methods: The search was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines using descriptors for ASD and EGIDs from the MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, LILACS, and Web of Science databases. Observational studies with the prevalence of ASD in any EGID were included. The study protocol was registered on the PROSPERO platform under the number CRD42023455177. Results: The total dataset comprised 766,082 participants. The result of the single‐arm meta‐analysis showed an overall prevalence of ASD in the population with EGID of 21.59% (95% CI: 10.73–38.67). There was an association between EGID and ASD (OR: 3.44; 95% CI: 1.25–2.21), also significant when restricted only to EoE (OR: 3.70; 95% CI: 2.71–5.70). Discussion: Recent studies have implicated the influence of an inadequate epithelial barrier integrity in the pathogenesis of several diseases. The role of this mechanism can be extended to situations beyond allergic reactions, including other conditions with underlying immunological mechanisms. Several diseases are potentially related to the systemic effect of bacterial translocation in tissues with defective epithelial barriers. Conclusion: Our meta‐analysis provides evidence that supports the consideration of EGID in patients with ASD and ASD in patients with EGID. Despite its limitations, the results should also be validated by future studies, preferably using multicenter prospective designs in populations with low referral bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To determine and summarize the available data on urinary, sexual, and health‐related quality‐of‐life (HRQOL) outcomes after traditional radical cystectomy (RC), reproductive organ‐preserving RC (ROPRC) and nerve‐sparing RC (NSRC) for bladder cancer (BCa) in female patients. Methods: The PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases were searched to identify studies reporting functional outcomes in female patients undergoing RC and urinary diversion for the treatment of BCa. The outcomes of interest were voiding function (for orthotopic neobladder [ONB]), sexual function and HRQOL. The following independent variables were derived and included in the meta‐analysis: pooled rate of daytime and nighttime continence/incontinence, and intermittent self‐catheterization (ISC) rates. Analyses were performed separately for traditional, organ‐ and/or nerve‐sparing surgical approaches. Results: Fifty‐three studies comprising 2740 female patients (1201 traditional RC and 1539 organ‐/nerve‐sparing RC, and 264 nerve‐sparing‐alone RC) were eligible for qualitative synthesis; 44 studies comprising 2418 female patients were included in the quantitative synthesis. In women with ONB diversion, the pooled rates of daytime continence after traditional RC, ROPRC and NSRC were 75.2%, 79.3% and 71.2%, respectively. The pooled rate of nighttime continence after traditional RC was 59.5%; this rate increased to 70.7% and 71.7% in women who underwent ROPRC and NSRC, respectively. The pooled rate of ISC after traditional RC with ONB diversion in female patients was 27.6% and decreased to 20.6% and 16.8% in patients undergoing ROPRC and NSRC, respectively. The use of different definitions and questionnaires in the assessment of postoperative sexual and HRQOL outcomes did not allow a systematic comparison. Conclusions: Female organ‐ and nerve‐sparing surgical approaches during RC seem to result in improved voiding function. There is a significant need for well‐designed studies exploring sexual and HRQOL outcomes to establish evidence‐based management strategies to support a shared decision‐making process tailored towards patient expectations and satisfaction. Understanding expected functional, sexual and quality‐of‐life outcomes is necessary to allow individualized pre‐ and postoperative counselling and care delivery in female patients planned to undergo RC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/Introduction: An overrepresentation of epilepsy has been suggested in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate if type 1 diabetes is associated with a higher incidence of epilepsy. Materials and Methods: Longitudinal observational studies which are relevant to the purpose of the meta-analysis were screened and obtained by searching PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Random-effects models were used when significant heterogeneity was observed; otherwise, fixed-effects models were used. Results: Six observational studies involving 10 datasets of 8,001,899 participants were included, with six datasets including children and only one dataset including older people. Among them, 100,414 (1.25%) had type 1 diabetes. During the follow-up duration of 5.4-15.2 years (mean: 9.5 years), 98,644 cases (1.23%) of epilepsy were observed. Compared with participants with normoglycemia, those with type 1 diabetes were shown to have a higher incidence of epilepsy (risk ratio [RR]: 2.41, 95% confidence interval 1.69-3.44, P < 0.001; I2 = 95%) after adjustment of potential confounding variables including age and sex. Subgroup analysis showed consistent results in nested case-control and retrospective cohort studies, and in studies of children, non-elderly adult, and older participants (P for subgroup difference = 0.42 and 0.07). In addition, a stronger association of type 1 diabetes and epilepsy was suggested in studies with follow-up duration <10 years compared with those =10 years (RR: 3.34 vs 1.61, P for subgroup difference < 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with type 1 diabetes may have a higher risk of epilepsy, which was mainly driven by datasets including children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To summarize evidence on the impact of oral health on individual and family economic outcomes, describe trends in the literature, and identify areas for additional research to inform public health research and practice. Methods: Searches were conducted within PubMed, CINAHL, EconLit, Cochrane Library, PsycInfo, and Web of Science databases. Article review, selection, abstraction, and reporting processes were guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. Results: Of 2758 unduplicated records identified, 52 met inclusion criteria. Study outcomes included indicators of employment/employability (n = 9), earnings/earnings potential (n = 26), parent missed work and family financial impacts of child oral health (n = 19), and financial loss (n = 3). Dental caries‐related variables were the most common predictors of poorer economic outcomes. Other oral health problems, such as poorer dental functioning or poorer self‐reported oral health status, also were associated with adverse economic outcomes. Significant associations with employment were found among studies that assessed interventions designed to improve oral health. Only one study estimated the impact of oral health on earnings. One‐third of studies conducted multivariable analyses, and 14% incorporated race and ethnicity variables. Conclusions: Although existing evidence suggests associations between oral health problems and poorer economic outcomes, there is a substantial need for more rigorous research to better understand the extent of economic impact of oral health problems and which populations are most affected. Additional high‐quality research is needed to inform which interventions are most likely to improve oral health, reduce adverse economic impacts, and promote health and economic equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the impact, performance, degree of specialization, and collaboration patterns of the worldwide scientific production on tissue engineering in otorhinolaryngology at the level of countries and institutions. Methods: Two different techniques were used, performance and science mapping analyses, using as samples all the available documents regarding tissue engineering focused on otorhinolaryngology applications. The dataset was retrieved from the Core Collection of the Web of Science database from 1900 to 2020. Social structure was analyzed using science mapping analysis with VOSviewer software. Results: The United States was the main producer, followed by Germany, and Japan. Malaysia and Germany had the highest Relative Specialization Index, indicating their greater relative interest in this area compared to other countries. The social structure analysis showed that the United States and Germany had significant co‐authorship relationships with other countries. The University of California System, Kyoto University, and Harvard University were the leading institutions producing literature in this field. These latter two institutions showed the largest number of collaborations, although most of them were with institutions within their own country. There was a lack of connections between different communities of research. Conclusion: The United States is the main country driving progress in this research area, housing the most notable institutions. However, significant collaborations between these research centers are currently lacking. Encouraging greater cooperation among these institutions and their researchers would promote the exchange of knowledge, ultimately facilitating and accelerating advancements in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) may have cognitive, sensitive, behavioral, communicative, and convulsive disorders. Because defensive reflexes are reduced by CP, the risk of orofacial trauma is greater in these individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of orofacial injuries resulting from trauma in patients with CP. This review was reported according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA) and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO—CRD42022293570). The search was performed for articles published until January 2023 in Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Gray literature was also consulted through Google Scholar, OpenGrey, ProQuest Dissertations, and Theses. Studies in which orofacial injuries due to trauma were prevalent in individuals with CP were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. Additionally, a random‐effects meta‐analysis was conducted. Twelve studies were included in the synthesis, of which nine presented a low risk of bias and three presented a moderate risk. When considering the general prevalence of orofacial injuries in patients with CP, a prevalence of 34% [95% CI = 18%–52%; I2 = 98%] was observed, with enamel and dentin fractures being the most common orofacial injuries. Approximately one in three patients with CP showed at least one type of orofacial injury involving dental trauma. There is a lack of literature assessing the prevalence of these traumas in soft tissues and the evidence for this outcome remains uncertain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To examine the utility of the health belief model (HBM) and other socioeconomic factors in shaping cervical screening behaviors. Also, to provide recommendations on improving screening uptake. Methodology: A systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane/CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases for articles reporting on the factors associated with cervical screening using the HBM within the period from January of 2002 to January of 2023. Effect sizes for the various HBM constructs were pre‐determined using the log odds ratio (logOR) and expressed with their confidence intervals. All reporting was in line with the PRISMA guidelines. Results: A total of 21 studies were included in the final analysis comprised of 15,365 participants. Our pooled analysis demonstrated that perceived susceptibility (OR: 1.40, 95% CI, 1.03–1.89), perceived benefits (OR: 1.30; 95% CI, 1.13–1.50), and self‐efficacy (OR: 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05–1.17) were significantly associated with both the uptake of and intention to adopt preventive measures against cervical cancer. Conversely, women with higher perceptions of barriers were less likely to adopt any measure for cervical cancer screening or prevention (OR: 0.72; 95% CI, 0.57–0.91). In terms of sociodemographic effectors, older age (OR: 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01–1.19), graduate/post‐graduate education (OR: 2.80; 95% CI, 1.46–5.37), higher knowledge of cervical cancer (OR: 2.21; 95% CI, 1.27–3.84), and being married (OR: 3.89; 95% CI, 1.38–10.92) were all associated with altering preventive behaviors and intentions toward cervical cancer. Conclusion: This review delineates the most important and effective cognitive components that should be targeted within interventions aiming to promote cervical cancer prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Recently, vonoprazan‐amoxicillin (VA) dual therapy has been reported as a promising approach for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication. However, the effects of VA therapy versus bismuth‐containing quadruple therapy (BQT) on H. pylori eradication remains unclear. The objective of this meta‐analysis was to compare the effects of VA dual therapy with BQT for H. pylori eradication. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted from the beginning to September 2023, utilizing PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science database. A random‐effects model was used to perform a meta‐analysis to determine the pooled relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Moreover, trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted to evaluate the conclusiveness of the H. pylori eradication rate. Results: Six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 1233 patients were included. The VA therapy has similar eradication rate (ITT analysis: 87% vs. 85.7%, RR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.93–1.09, p = 0.84; PP analysis: 92.5% vs. 93.2%, RR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.94–1.06, p = 0.97) and compliance (RR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.99–1.03, p = 0.32) compared to BQT. The VA therapy group had a significantly lower incidence of total adverse events than the BQT group (16.3% vs. 40.0%, RR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.37–0.55, p < 0.00001). The TSA result showed that the effect was conclusive. Conclusions: Current evidence indicated that VA therapy is just as successful as BQT in eliminating H. pylori, yet it has fewer adverse events and similar compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Value co‐creation (VCC) continues to gain traction as a marketing concept in several service contexts. Given the limited understanding of how the VCC process translates into customers' actual behavior, VCC behavior (VCCB) describes the involvement of customers in the VCC process and includes active behavior during physical, virtual, and mental processes. Extant research on co‐creation unveils the antecedents and consequences of VCCB; however, no single study has assimilated the various factors that interplay in the actual co‐creation process. This systematic literature review of 136 research papers published from 2004 to June 2023, obtained from the Web of Science database, provides an overview of the existing empirical studies on VCCB. We used the established integrated theories, contexts, and methods‐antecedents, decisions, and outcomes (TCM‐ADO) framework and identified the important TCM used in the VCCB research. This review further identified 88 distinct antecedents classified into seven broad categories, decisions, and outcomes of VCCB. Additionally, we synthesized the mediators, moderators, and control variables used in extant studies. The review‐based research findings demonstrate future research directions for each dimension of the TCM‐ADO framework. The research questions presented in this study are set as a future research agenda to further comprehend the nuances of the VCCB that will help service firms implement the VCC process to its full potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study published in the journal "Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology" evaluated the accuracy of fetal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in predicting selected chromosomal anomalies among women experiencing miscarriage. The study analyzed seven studies with a total of 791 pregnancies and found that cfDNA had a sensitivity of 81.7% and specificity of 97.6% for overall chromosomal anomalies. The highest accuracy was observed for the most common trisomies. The researchers concluded that cfDNA is an accurate tool for predicting chromosomal anomalies in women experiencing miscarriage. [Extracted from the article]

Aims/Purpose: Glaucoma is one of the major global causes of irreversible blindness. Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between smoking and (the risk of developing) primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG), yet two prior meta‐analyses have reported contradictory findings. Consequently, the objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive update regarding the correlation between smoking and the occurrence of POAG. Methods: This systematic review was registered on PROSPERO, ID: CRD42023409440. A comprehensive search was carried out on EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases, encompassing articles published up until May 2023. The inclusion criteria comprised studies that provided a statistical analysis exploring the association between smoking and primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG) in adult populations. After eliminating duplicate entries, 1596 articles were subjected to initial screening based on their titles and abstracts, of which 148 articles underwent full text screening. Data were extracted by two independent authors, and meta‐analyses were completed using Revman (version 5.4) software. Results: A total of 30 studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing cohort, case–control and cross‐sectional studies. The combined participant population across these studies was estimated to be approximately 300 000, with over 7300 cases of POAG. The results of the meta‐analysis revealed that individuals classified as current smokers, past smokers, as well as those who had both current and past smoking histories exhibited no statistically significant association with the occurrence of POAG when compared to individuals who had never smoked. Conclusions: Our meta‐analysis provides evidence to suggest that there is no causal relationship between smoking and primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG). However, considering the detrimental effects of smoking on ocular health, it remains imperative to advise patients on smoking cessation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]