1. Occupational therapy improves social participation of complex patients discharged from hospital: results of a powered randomized controlled trial.
- Author
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Costi, Stefania, Pellegrini, Martina, Braglia, Luca, Cavuto, Silvio, and Fugazzaro, Stefania
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HEALTH status indicators , *RESEARCH funding , *REHABILITATION , *STATISTICAL sampling , *HOSPITAL care , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *DISCHARGE planning , *HOSPITALS , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *FUNCTIONAL status , *AFFECTIVE disorders , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CHI-squared test , *ANXIETY , *OCCUPATIONAL therapy , *JOB satisfaction , *REHABILITATION centers , *QUALITY of life , *VOCATIONAL rehabilitation , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *LENGTH of stay in hospitals , *HOME rehabilitation , *DATA analysis software , *COMPARATIVE studies , *SOCIAL participation , *SELF-perception , *JOB performance , *ACTIVITIES of daily living , *HEALTH care teams , *MENTAL depression ,MEDICAL care for people with disabilities - Abstract
To verify the effectiveness of experimental occupational therapy plus intensive standard rehabilitation compared to intensive standard rehabilitation alone on the reintegration to social activities of complex patients three months after hospital discharge. Patients with a score ≥ 9 on the Rehabilitation Complexity Scale at admission to an intensive rehabilitation ward were randomized to the control or experimental group. Both groups received intensive multidisciplinary rehabilitation aimed at recovering independence in the basic activities of daily life (ADL). The experimental group also received experimental occupational therapy services to address goals identified through the administration of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). Experimental occupational therapy began during the in-hospital phase and continued in the home-based setting. It consisted of teaching strategies, recommending aids, and providing personalized information regarding available community support. Ninety-two individuals with a mean age of 65 years (female 44.6%) were enrolled. The experimental group significantly improved participation measured by the Reintegration to Normal Living Index (mean changes 8.61, 95% CI: 1–16.23, p = 0.027). The performance and satisfaction scores of the COPM, both during hospitalization and after discharge, and independence in ADL also improved. No differences in mood disturbances were found. Early post-discharge occupational therapy integrated with multidisciplinary rehabilitation improves the social participation of complex patients. Future research should investigate the concrete feasibility of implementing this complex intervention cost-effectively and in different contexts. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03668938 (first posted date 13/09/2018) Early post-discharge rehabilitation assists patients' transition from hospital to home by improving the management of problems they encounter. In complex patients, occupational therapy initiated during hospitalization and extended to the early post-discharge phase improves social participation, independence in basic and instrumental daily activities, and performance and satisfaction when carrying out relevant occupational activities. The strong partnership between the Occupational Therapist and the patient improves compliance to treatment, enhancing the chances of success of rehabilitation interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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