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This study explores the impact of farm households' social capital characteristics and local government policies on the selection of farmland transfer contracts in China's rural industrial revitalization context. Utilizing field research data from 1,979 households in ethnic areas of Hunan Province, this paper constructs an econometric model to assess how farm households' social capital and local governments' involvement in rural industrial revitalization influence farmland transfer contract selections. The findings indicate that, lacking government program support, farmers' social capital significantly affects contract type and duration, but not the rent. Specifically, farmers possessing extensive social capital prefer verbal and short-term contracts (coefficients of 0.525 and 0.643, significant at the 5% level), whereas their influence on rent (coefficient of 2.418, significant at the 5% level) manifests under government program support. These results challenge the conventional theory of farmland transfer contracts and offer substantial empirical support for the development of local government policies in rural industrial revitalization, underlining the critical role of government guidance and social capital in enhancing farmland transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to evaluate the impact of emergencies on the resilience of highway transportation, a resilience network hierarchical model of the highway transportation system was constructed by analyzing the formation and emergence process of safety resilience in the highway transportation system. Four layers of networks were divided, including highway network, transport network, traffic network, and emergency network. Combined with the network hierarchical model, a resilience evaluation index system was designed, and an assessment method for highway transportation systems based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(FAHP) was proposed. Finally, a case study of a public health emergency in a region of Hunan was carried out. The results show that the proposed method for evaluating the safety resilience of highway transportation systems can better reflect the overall resilience under public health emergencies, which is consistent with the quantitative analysis results through the system resilience curve. It helps to accurately evaluate the safety resilience of the system. At the same time, this method has the advantages of flexibility and simplicity in solving unstructured decision-making problems of the system, which helps to improve the safety production management and safety resilience level of highway transportation systems. In the future, the scope of research scenarios and regions can be expanded, and further analysis of the evolution of safety resilience and the ability of resilience development in different stages under external disturbances can be conducted in order to further explore and optimize the resilience of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the association between demographic characteristics and perinatal deaths attributable to congenital heart defects (CHDs). Methods: Data were obtained from the Birth Defects Surveillance System of Hunan Province, China, 2016–2020. The surveillance population included fetuses and infants from 28 weeks of gestation to 7 days after birth whose mothers delivered in the surveillance hospitals. Surveillance data included demographic characteristics such as sex, residence, maternal age, and other key information, and were used to calculate the prevalence of CHDs and perinatal mortality rates (PMR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Multivariable logistic regression analysis (method: Forward, Wald, α = 0.05) and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were used to identify factors associated with perinatal deaths attributable to CHDs. Results: This study included 847755 fetuses, and 4161 CHDs were identified, with a prevalence of 0.49% (95%CI: 0.48–0.51). A total of 976 perinatal deaths attributable to CHDs were identified, including 16 (1.64%) early neonatal deaths and 960 (98.36%) stillbirths, with a PMR of 23.46% (95%CI: 21.98–24.93). In stepwise logistic regression analysis, perinatal deaths attributable to CHDs were more common in rural areas than urban areas (OR = 2.21, 95%CI: 1.76–2.78), more common in maternal age <20 years (OR = 2.40, 95%CI: 1.05–5.47), 20–24 years (OR = 2.13, 95%CI: 1.46–3.11) than maternal age of 25–29 years, more common in 2 (OR = 1.60, 95%CI: 1.18–2.18) or 3 (OR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.01–2.02) or 4 (OR = 1.84, 95%CI: 1.21–2.78) or > = 5 (OR = 2.02, 95%CI: 1.28–3.18) previous pregnancies than the first pregnancy, and more common in CHDs diagnosed in > = 37 gestional weeks (OR = 77.37, 95%CI: 41.37–144.67) or 33–36 gestional weeks (OR = 305.63, 95%CI: 172.61–541.15) or < = 32 gestional weeks (OR = 395.69, 95%CI: 233.23–671.33) than diagnosed in postnatal period (within 7 days), and less common in multiple births than singletons (OR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.28–0.80). Conclusions: Perinatal deaths were common in CHDs in Hunan in 2016–2020. Several demographic characteristics were associated with perinatal deaths attributable to CHDs, which may be summarized mainly as economic and medical conditions, severity of CHDs, and parental attitudes toward CHDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the predictors of medical staff's Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior of dysphagia assessment, to provide reference suggestions for constructing the training program and improving the rate of dysphagia assessment. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 353 nurses and doctors from four provinces (Guangdong, Hunan, Guangxi, and Shaanxi) who were selected by convenience sampling and invited to complete the questionnaire through WeChat, DingTalk, and Tencent instant messenger from May 23 to 31, 2022. A self-reported questionnaire was used to assess participants' Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior regarding dysphagia assessment. Participants' sociodemographic, training, and nursing experience were measured using the general information sheet and analyzed as potential predictors of medical staff's Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior of dysphagia assessment. A multiple linear regression model was used to identify the predictors. Results: The mean scores for Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior of dysphagia assessments were (15.3±2.7), (35.9±4.9) and (41.4±14.4) respectively. Knowledge and Behavior of medical staff were medium, and attitude was positive. Multiple linear regression results indicated that experience in nursing patients with dysphagia, related training for dysphagia, working years in the field of dysphagia related diseases, specialized training (geriatric, swallowing and rehabilitation) and department (Neurology, Rehabilitation, Geriatrics) were significant predictors of Behavior, accounting for 31.5% of the variance. Working years in the field of dysphagia related diseases, department (Neurology, Rehabilitation, Geriatrics) and title were significant predictors of medical staff's knowledge, accounting for 7.8% of variance. Education, experience in nursing patients with dysphagia, department (Neurology, Rehabilitation, Geriatrics) and related training for dysphagia were significant predictors of medical staff's attitude, accounting for 12.9% of variance. Conclusions: The study findings implied that nursing experience, training, and work for patients with swallowing disorders could have positive effects on the Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior of medical staff regarding dysphagia assessment. Hospital administrators should provide relevant resources, such as videos of dysphagia assessment, training centers for the assessment of dysphagia, and swallowing specialist nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]