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The application of green energy technologies to supply berthed ships in ports with the necessary power instead of using their diesel generators is considered an initiative towards sustainability and climate change mitigation. Therefore, the current paper investigates the implementation of solar panels, offshore wind turbines, and hydrogen fuel cell systems as green technologies to supply the berthed ships with power in three Egyptian ports. The power requirements are determined by analyzing the annual ship traffic data and estimating the energy demand for each ship type. As a relevant result, the annual energy demand for ships berthed in Alexandria, Damietta, and Safaga ports is about 44.2 × 103 MWh, 22 × 103 MWh, and 5.6 × 103 MWh, respectively. The analysis results reveal a potential annual carbon dioxide reduction of 31.7 k-tons, 15.7 k-tons, and 4.2 k-tons in Alexandria, Damietta, and Safaga ports, respectively. From an economic perspective, the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of solar panels is estimated to be 80.7–90.1 $/MWh, while hydrogen fuel cells have a cost of 166.8–172 $/MWh. On the other hand, LCOE in the case of wind turbines is estimated to be 140.8 $/MWh for Alexandria ports, 178.3 $/MWh for Damietta port, and 103.9 $/MWh for Safaga port. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green finance is a novel financial model that strikes a balance between economic gains and environmental preservation, and it is crucial in encouraging industrial companies to move towards environmentally friendly development. This paper examines the impact of green finance on the green transformation of industrial enterprises using the data of China's A-share listed industrial enterprises from 2009 to 2019. The study adopts a propensity score matching method and a difference-in-difference method (PSM-DID), based on the Green Credit Guidance (2012 Guidance) issued by China as a quasi natural experiment. The results suggest that: (1) Green finance contributes significantly to improving the green production efficiency of industrial enterprises. (2) Although the current impact of green finance on the green innovation of industrial enterprises is not statistically significant, it exhibits a positive influence in the subsequent period. (3) The results of the heterogeneity analysis show that the impact of green finance on the green transformation of industrial enterprises is asymmetric, with more emphasis on state-owned enterprises, enterprises with severe financial constraints, and enterprises with low industrial concentration. As a result, our study makes recommendations on how to best link CSR, green finance, and industrial green transformation. • We investigate the impact of green finance on green transformation of industrial enterprises. • Using the data of China's A-share listed industrial enterprises from 2009 to 2019. • The results suggest that green finance significantly improves industrial green production efficiency. • Our study makes recommendations on how to best link CSR, green finance, and industrial green transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For realizing environment protection and carbon emission reduction strategy, the dominant position of renewable energy in the future power system has been clarified. Planning economic and efficient flexible resource system is the basis to balance multi fluctuations caused by large amount of renewable energy integration and ensure the safe operation of the whole power system. Considering that the flexibility adjustment demands of different links of the power system are not independent, but influence and restrict each other, this paper focuses on how to collaboratively allocate multi-flexible resources and achieve corresponding balancing interaction strategy. Firstly, a flexible resource system is composed through a fuzzy TODIM improved PROMETHEE-II model. Secondly, a multi-flexible resource collaborative allocation optimization model is proposed, which considers the Stackelberg game relationship of flexibility adjustment demand and ability in different links of the power system under varied fluctuation scenarios. The scientificity and effectiveness of the proposed model are verified by a practical case, and key incentive factors and specific development suggestions for improving flexible resources application efficiency are identified simultaneously. Since the collaborative planning of flexible resource system have not been deeply discussed by scholars yet, thus, this research contributes to the literature and expand the knowledge. • Design an effective flexible resources system through TODIM improved PROMETHEE-II model under multiple application scenarios. • Construct flexible resources optimal allocation scenarios according to the power generation and consumption characteristics of the new power system. • Construct a two-layer flexible resources equilibrium allocation model based on Stackelberg game theory. • Propose a multi-stage flexible resources equilibrium allocation model solution method. • Identify key factors influencing the allocation strategy of flexible resources in the new power system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]