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This study aimed to explore the published research on the relationship between climate change and skin cancer and the implications for prevention, management and further research. Scoping review. This scoping review following JBI methodology reviewed English articles identified in searches of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus on 14 April 2023. The screening of articles was completed by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted by a single reviewer and checked by another. A causal pathway diagram was iteratively developed throughout the review and was used to categorise the findings. The search identified 1376 papers, of which 45 were included in the final review. Nine papers reported primary research, and 36 papers were reviews, perspectives, commentaries, editorials, or essays. The papers examined climate change influencing behaviours related to ultraviolet exposure (30 papers), ambient temperature (21 papers) and air pollution (five papers) as possible risk factors; occupational, rural, and contextual factors affecting skin cancer (11 papers); and prevention and access to health care in the context of climate change (seven papers). Most papers were published in journals in subject areas other than health. This review identified ultraviolet radiation, occupation, rising temperature, individual behaviour and air pollution as possible influences on skin cancer rates. Furthermore, it highlights the complexity and uncertainties in the relationship between climate change and skin cancer and the need for further research on this relationship, including primary epidemiological research and reviews that follow recognised review guidelines and include assessment of health services and social determinants in the causal pathways of this relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pennsylvania Shoulder Score (PSS) is a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) that is gaining use when examining shoulder-specific outcomes. To date, a systematic review of the PSS measurement properties has not been published. To systematically locate, appraise, and synthesize the evidence concerning the measurement properties of the PSS. Systematic literature review. A pair of raters conducted a literature search using pre-defined keywords from 5 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTdiscus, PsychINFO, Scopus) during the week of October 23, 2022. Critical appraisal of study design for psychometric articles was used to assess methodological quality and risk of bias. Measurement property data were synthesized with pooled estimates for the indices of test-retest reliability (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC), Cronbach α (CA), effect size (ES), and standardized response means (SRM) calculated from applicable studies. A total of 13 articles met the inclusion criteria for this review. Methodological quality was agreed upon between the 2 raters with a weighted kappa of 0.77, and 9/13 of the articles were rated above 70%. Test-retest reliability of the PSS total score ranged between 0.90 and 0.94, and construct validity was high when compared to other shoulder-specific PROMs (0.75 < r > 0.96). Responsiveness of the PSS was large across all studies with few PSS subscales dropping to moderate. Pooled MDC90 of the total PSS was 12.13 points, and the pooled ES of the total PSS was 0.85. The scope of this review demonstrates positive measurement properties of the PSS as a reliable, valid, and responsive measurement of shoulder-specific PROM. However, there are few studies examining the measurement properties of the PSS and more research is needed to assess cross-cultural appropriateness and factor analysis of the questions contained in the PSS. • Shoulder-specific functional, pain, and satisfaction questions are part of the PSS. • This paper finds the PSS to be a reliable, valid, and responsive outcome measure. • This paper provides pooled outcomes across studies of the PSS. • The PSS lacks factor-analysis and has limited evidence on measurement properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiplatform messaging applications also referred to as cross-platform instant messaging play an important role in delivery of healthcare and education with its low cost, ease of use and accessibility. To evaluate the existing evidence regarding the use of multiplatform messaging applications in facilitating consultations and decision-making processes in the context of burns care, as well as to assess the impact of such applications on burns care and rehabilitation. A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and PROSPERO protocol CRD42021265203. The CASP and JBI tools were used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Eight hundred fifty-three papers were retrieved from PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, EMBASE and LILACS published up to July 2022 (updated August 2023) with no time restrictions applied. An analysis of the seven studies included in this review, inclusive of 16 Multiplatform messaging applications, revealed six themes. These encompassed the utilization of social media for directing and managing clinical practice, as a mode of communication, for evaluating the quality-of-care provision, for investigating available platforms and their technological features, measuring quality of life and for examining issues related to confidentiality. Multiplatform messaging applications offer a solution for individuals with burn injuries to stay in direct contact with burn specialist clinicians for their follow-up and subsequent rehabilitation phase of recovery. • Multiplatform messaging applications play an important role in burn care. • Such platforms avoid unnecessary admissions and are easily accessible and cost- effective. • Multiplatform messaging apps allow burn survivors and caregivers to maintain direct communication with clinicians. • Multiplatform messaging applications lack transparency regarding confidentiality and privacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complementing the well-established evidence base on health inequalities experienced by migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in the UK; we examined the extent to which their right to equal non-discriminatory access to health services (promotive, preventive, curative) was upheld during the COVID-19 pandemic. Arksey and O′Malley's scoping review framework. A comprehensive search was conducted on Medline, PubMed, and CINAHL using detailed MESH terms, for literature published between 01 January 2020 and 01 January 2024. The process was supported by a ten-page Google search and hand searching of reference lists. 42 records meeting the inclusion criteria were charted, coded inductively and analysed thematically in an integrated team-based approach. Dissonance between immigration regulation and health governance is illustrated in four themes: Health systems leveraged to (re)enforce the hostile environment; Dissonance between health rights on paper and in practice; Structural failures to overcome communication and digital exclusion; and COVID-19 vaccine (in)equity exacerbated fear, mistrust and exclusion. Migrants, refugees and asylum seekers encountered substantial individual, structural and policy-level barriers to accessing healthcare in the UK during COVID-19. Insecure immigration status, institutional mistrust, data-sharing and charging fears, communication challenges and digital exclusion impacted heavily on their ability to access healthcare in an equitable non-discriminatory manner. An inclusive and innovative health equity and rights-based responses reaching all migrants, refugees and asylum seekers are warranted if the National Health Service is to live up to its promise of ' leaving no one behind' in post-pandemic and future responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many nonregulatory interventions targeting children and youth have been implemented at three levels: directed at the individual (e.g., interactive video games), delivered to students at school (e.g., campus bans), and launched in the community (e.g., mass media campaigns). This systematic review aims to synthesize the evidence on the effectiveness of interventions aimed at preventing e-cigarette initiation among children and youth. MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, APA PsycINFO, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched for papers published between January 1, 2004 and September 1, 2022 that reported more than one outcome on vaping prevention among individuals aged less than 21-years-old: vaping prevalence/incidence, initiation intentions, knowledge/attitudes, and other tobacco product use prevalence/initiation intentions. Interventions were at the individual, school, or community level. The risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I and RoB 1. Thirty-nine publications met the eligibility criteria. Fourteen individually-based (4 parental monitoring, 3 video games, 2 text messages, 3 graphic message themes, 2 healthcare), 19 school-based (14 educational and skill interventions, 5 vape-free policies/bans), and 6 community-based (3 social media, 3 mass media campaigns) interventions were reported. E-cigarette initiation prevention was observed with high perceived parental monitoring; however, the cross-sectional study designs precluded causal claims. There was promising but limited evidence that social-emotional skills curricula and peer leader programming prevented vaping initiation. Some individual- and school-based interventions showed promise for preventing e-cigarette initiation among children and youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid internet penetration and technological advancements have facilitated accessibility to internet-enabled devices globally. Since Asia lacks comprehensive data on internet addiction among college students, this review aims to estimate its pooled prevalence. This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and MEDLINE from their inception through August 2022 using terms appropriate to internet addiction and Asian countries/territorial for publications in English peer-reviewed journals. The studies included those done on current college students and provided unambiguous indicators of the threshold of internet addiction. The pooled prevalence was calculated through a random-effects meta-analysis by RStudio software, and I 2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist was used for quality assessment. Overall, between 2007 and 2021, 39 papers comprising 45 effect sizes and totaling 58,058 participants met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of internet addiction among Asian college students was 24.3% (95% confidence interval: 19.8%–29.5%, Q = 6234, df = 44, τ2 = 0.79, I 2 = 99.29%), and strikingly, this percentage increased over time. A high degree of heterogeneity was seen, and no publication bias was found. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review report on Asian college students, which found that one-fifth suffer from internet addiction. The findings emphasize the significance of multidisciplinary prevention and management strategies to mitigate the harmful effects of internet addiction. Further research is warranted to develop a standardized diagnostic tool for a more precise estimation of internet addiction among this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the growing interest on the Russian-Ukrainian war and its repercussion on the children's health, there is no previous systematic review compiling the current evidence on this topic. This study conducted a rapid systematic review to investigate the current findings concerning the impact of the Ukraine war on the social and health aspects of the Ukrainian pediatric population. A rapid systematic review was conducted. PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Virtual Health Library (BVS Spain) were searched between February and April 2023. In addition, high-impact journals and institutions focused on pediatric health and human rights were also consulted. All relevant original articles, letters, editorials, and policy papers assessing the health and social repercussions of the war on Ukrainian children were included. From 134 publications matching the search criteria, 23 were included. These publications were categorized into three distinct domains: 'Public health challenges for the physical and mental health of children and adolescents', 'Lack of Healthcare resources and initiatives to mitigate suffering', and 'Policies, Government, and Children's rights'. Our findings revealed that the war is seriously impacting the life and the health of Ukrainian children, resulting in worse physical and mental health outcomes and perpetrating a deprived situation. To overcome such problems, several initiatives have been proposed by European and non-European countries, relying mostly on receiving refugees, providing mental health support, complementing lack of resources, and establishing policies to improve health care. It could help health professionals, policy makers, and governments to plan preventive, promotive, and therapeutic strategies for Ukrainian children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Missing outcome data is common in trials, and robust methods to address this are needed. Most trial reports currently use methods applicable under a missing completely at random assumption (MCAR), although this strong assumption can often be inappropriate. To identify and summarise current literature on the analytical methods for handling missing outcome data in randomised controlled trials (RCTs), emphasising methods appropriate for data missing at random (MAR) or missing not at random (MNAR). We conducted a methodological scoping review and identified papers through searching four databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and CINAHL) from January 2015 to March 2023. We also performed forward and backward citation searching. Eligible papers discussed methods or frameworks for handling missing outcome data in RCTs or simulation studies with an RCT design. From 1878 records screened, our search identified 101 eligible papers. 90 (89%) papers described specific methods for addressing missing outcome data and 11 (11%) described frameworks for overall methodological approach. Of the 90 methods papers, 30 (33%) described methods under the MAR assumption, 48 (53%) explored methods under the MNAR assumption and 11 (12%) discussed methods under a hybrid of MAR and MNAR assumptions. Control-based methods under the MNAR assumption were the most common method explored, followed by multiple imputation under the MAR assumption. This review provides guidance on available analytic approaches for handling missing outcome data, particularly under the MNAR assumption. These findings may support trialists in using appropriate methods to address missing outcome data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Many mental health disorders first emerge during early childhood or adolescence. • Wait times for children's mental health services have been an international and widespread problem. • Long wait times prolong the emotional distress of children and/or adolescents and their caregivers which can exacerbate mental health difficulties. • The majority of research in this area has been conducted in the United Kingdom and Canada and focus on one waitlist strategy. • Common strategies include alternative service delivery models, increasing system capacity, and improving intake and assessment processes. Background: Although many mental health disorders first emerge during early childhood or adolescence, there is a significant gap between demand and availability of mental health resources, leading to long waitlists for services. Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to identify and characterize the research literature related to the range of waitlist management strategies that have been implemented in outpatient child and adolescent mental health care. Methods: Electronic databases reviewed included: Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PubMed, PsychINFO, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and ISI Web of Science. Grey literature databases included: OpenGrey, Conference Papers Index, and Proquest Digital Dissertations. Articles were screened by two reviewers in two steps: first by title and abstract, then full text level. Data were extracted using an a-priori developed data extraction framework, which was piloted and modified iteratively. Results: A total of 119 papers related to waitlist interventions in child and adolescent mental health were reviewed. Of these 119 papers, 11% were reviews, summary, or theoretical papers; 8% used a randomized control trial design and 2.5% were trial protocols. Most studies used less rigorous designs, such as uncontrolled before-and- after designs. The large majority focused on just one waitlist strategy each. The most commonly used approaches included: prioritization/triage and initial assessment; brief consultation and advice or brief therapy approaches; group-based models; interim services; increasing capacity; and strategies to decrease non-attendance. Most studies were conducted in the United Kingdom or Canada. Discussion: While mental health systems are complex, most studies examining waitlist initiatives explored the implementation of single initiatives. It is unlikely that a single waitlist strategy can be effective in managing wait times for children's mental health. Rather, consistent and systemic approaches to address wait times that consider the impact of the reduction approach on the patient, the program, and the community are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Substance use is common in patients with cancer. Caring for patients with co-occurring cancer and substance use disorder (SUD) is complex. The detrimental effects of stigma on people with SUD are far-reaching; impacting on the quality of care and inter-personal relationships, reducing quality of life. Despite this, most healthcare professionals (HCP) know little about how to avoid stigmatizing interactions with patients. The purpose of this integrative literature review was to summarize what is known about substance use by patients with cancer and present the consequences of SUD stigma for oncology patients. In addition, to highlight approaches to reduce HCP stigma. This literature review was designed using the PRISMA guidelines for integrative reviews. Google Scholar, PubMed and CINAHL Ultimate were used to search for related key terms. Inclusion criteria were; published after 2013, written in English, full text available. The initial search was augmented by crosschecking the references section of relevant articles. Eligible papers were then subjected to the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment. Ninety unique papers were read in full and summarized into the research themes. Prevalence estimates of substance use in patients with cancer range from 2% to 35%, varying by cancer site, type of substance, patient demographics and metrics of substance use. Patients with co-occurring cancer and SUDs have multiple clinical factors that can complicate clinical care including 'chemical coping', delayed diagnosis, compromised treatment adherence, decreased immune function and interaction between illicit substances and cancer drugs. Stigma related to SUD can result in exclusion and marginalization of these individuals. It can lead to social isolation, inequitable access to healthcare and sub-optimal treatment, resulting in poor health outcomes and reduced quality of life. Various educational approaches are recommended to reduce SUD stigma in HCP, but changing HCP language would seem the simplest and most impactful. Perhaps the most powerful tool Radiation Therapists can use to reduce SUD stigma is the choice of language when communicating with patients and other HCPs. Learning from our professional experiences when talking with patients about sexual health, or sexual and gender diversity, the first step to a meaningful conversation is ensuring the patient feels comfortable disclosing their lived experiences and need for support. If we fail to eliminate SUD stigma in our own clinical interactions, then we will be unable to improve wellness in this vulnerable population and promote healthy behaviours in the patients we care for. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Timely recognition of dying is important for high quality end-of-life care however, little is known about how clinicians recognise dying. Late recognition is common and can lead to futile treatment that can prolong or increase suffering and prevent a change in the focus of care. To explore how clinicians caring for dying people recognise that they are in the last days or hours of life, as well as the factors that influence the recognition of dying. A systematically constructed integrative review of the literature. Medline, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycInfo and Allied and Complementary Medicine were searched in July 2022. Papers were included if they were original research, discussed how clinicians recognise dying, available in English language and published in 2012 or later. A constant comparison approach was applied to the analysis and synthesis of the literature. 24 papers met the inclusion criteria. There were 3 main categories identified: 'Clues and signals' refers to prompts and signs that lead a clinician to believe a person is dying, incorporating the sub-categories 'knowing the patient over time', and 'intuition and experience'. 'Recognition by others' is where clinicians come to recognise someone is dying through others. This can be through a change in the context of care such as a tool or care plan or by communication with the team. 'Culture, system and practice' refers to the cultural beliefs of a setting that influences awareness of dying and denial of death as a possibility and avoidance of naming death and dying directly. System and practice of the setting also impact on recognition of dying. This involves work pace and intensity, shift systems and timing of senior reviews of patients. Uncertainty and its impact on recognition of dying are evident throughout the findings of this review. The seeking of certainty and the absence of the possibility of dying contributes to late recognition of dying. Recognition of dying is a complex process that occurs over time, involving a combination of intuition and gathering of information, that is influenced by contextual factors. A culture where dying is not openly acknowledged or even named explicitly contributes to late recognition of dying. A shared language and consistent terminology for explicitly naming dying are needed. Uncertainty is intrinsic to the recognition of dying and therefore a shift to recognising the possibility of dying rather than seeking certainty is needed. (PROSPERO) CRD42022360900. Registered September 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To understand the effectiveness of interventions to increase retention of early career nurses, implemented during the pre-registration programme. Retention of nurses is an issue of global concern. The transition period spanning the final year of pre-registration nurse education programmes and the first year of qualified practice is a point of high risk for attrition from the profession. A systematic review without meta-analysis and a thematic synthesis of wider literature, reported using SWiM and ENTREQ guidelines. A convergent segregated approach was used to capture qualitative and quantitative study designs. A systematic review of quantitative papers reporting intervention and retention data and scoping review of a wider body of literature related to interventions supporting transition to qualified practice were conducted. Searches used Medline and CINAHL databases in October 2021. Data extracted from wider literature were inductively collated into themes relating to the intervention type and synthesised. Six papers were included in the systematic review and 27 papers were included in the scoping review. Interventions included internships, externships, clinical immersion programmes, capstone projects, preceptorships and psychological wellbeing programmes. There was a lack of consensus about the benefits of implementing interventions during the final year of pre-registration programmes, but some evidence that interventions incorporating preceptors, expose students to the clinical environment and involve academic/clinical collaboration, report positive outcomes related to transition to qualified practice, which potentially has an impact on motivation to stay in the profession. Greater understanding of interventions supporting student nurses to reduce likelihood of leaving once qualified has been achieved. There is some evidence these interventions lead to increases in retention, but this is limited by the quality of the reporting and the scarcity of data. Consideration should be given to maximizing students' exposure to clinical practice and the benefits that interventions with alternative approaches such as psychological wellbeing programmes may bring. This review has potential to influence effective implementation of interventions to increase retention of early career nurses if clinical practice and academic settings review proposed or actual interventions to maximise added value. the manuscript has been written in adherence with the EQUATOR guidelines following the SWiM reporting guidelines for the systematic review and the ENTREQ guidelines for the scoping review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To systematically search for, appraise, and synthesize peer-reviewed literature on interpersonal coping (IC) in sport. A systematic review adhering to PRISMA-P guidelines. Systematic searches of CINAHL, PsycArticles, APA PsycInfo, and SPORTDiscus were conducted. To be eligible for inclusion, papers had to be published in full in the English language in a peer-reviewed journal and had to contain empirical data that focused on IC among individuals in sport (i.e., athletes, coaches, sport parents, practitioners). The final sample consisted of 28 studies (22 qualitative, five quantitative, one mixed methods) spanning from September 01, 1981 to July 10, 2023. The results highlight eight antecedents and facilitators of IC (closeness, commitment, communication, complementarity, cultural values, environment and situations, sharing of demands, support), three mediators and moderators of IC (appraisal of own and others' emotions and or coping, gender, individuals within the relationship), and three outcomes of IC (performance, relationships, regulation or management of emotions). The findings were used to develop the first working definition of IC in sport. A volte-face of thought is needed to shift attention toward the interpersonal manifestation of coping. IC has wide-reaching implications for individuals, relationships, and other psychological constructs. Methodological innovation is needed to realize stepwise changes in intellectual and practical progress and to develop quantitative measures of IC. Coaches, family members, practitioners, and retired athletes are considerably underrepresented in research on IC. This systematic review offers a vantage point from which composed and coordinated action can be taken to develop research on IC. • A rigorous systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRSIMA-P guidelines. • Antecedents, facilitators, mediators, moderators, and outcomes of IC are presented. • Volte-face of thought is needed to explore interpersonal manifestations of coping. • Qualitative methodological innovation is needed to understand the nature of IC. • Researchers should develop new quantitative measures of IC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To review qualitative studies on the experience of sudden cardiac arrest survival from the perspective of both survivors and their key supporters, including family/close friends. A seven-step meta-ethnography and synthesis of qualitative evidence was undertaken, informed by the Meta-Ethnography Reporting Guidelines (eMERGe). Four major databases were searched (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO; January 1995-January 2022, updated July 2023) for qualitative studies exploring survivors' and/or key supporters' experiences of cardiac arrest survival. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation – Confidence in Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research (GRADE-CERQual) were applied to evaluate the overall confidence in research findings. Constructs were identified from each paper, informing theme and sub-theme development. From 15,917 unique titles/abstracts and 196 full-text articles, 32 met the inclusion criteria. Three themes captured the survivors' experiences: 1) Making sense of my cardiac arrest; 2) Learning to trust my body and mind; and 3) Re-evaluating my life. A further three themes reflected key supporters' experiences: 1) Emotional turmoil; 2) Becoming a carer: same person but different me; and 3) Engaging with a new and unknown world. However, limited data and some methodological weaknesses in included studies reduced confidence in several themes. The findings were conceived within the overarching concept of 'negotiating a new normal'. The enduring psychosocial and physical sequelae of cardiac arrest survival substantially impacts the lives of survivors and their key supporters, requiring negotiation of their 'new normality'. The need for sense-making, physical and psychological recovery, and the new roles for key supporters should be strong considerations in the development of future interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]