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1,105 results on '"Voracek, Martin"'

2. Are Speeded Tests Unfair? Modeling the Impact of Time Limits on the Gender Gap in Mathematics

Author

Stoevenbelt, Andrea H., Wicherts, Jelte M., Flore, Paulette C., Phillips, Lorraine A. T., Pietschnig, Jakob, Verschuere, Bruno, Voracek, Martin, and Schwabe, Inga

Abstract

When cognitive and educational tests are administered under time limits, tests may become speeded and this may affect the reliability and validity of the resulting test scores. Prior research has shown that time limits may create or enlarge gender gaps in cognitive and academic testing. On average, women complete fewer items than men when a test is administered with a strict time limit, whereas gender gaps are frequently reduced when time limits are relaxed. In this study, we propose that gender differences in test strategy might inflate gender gaps favoring men, and relate test strategy to stereotype threat effects under which women underperform due to the pressure of negative stereotypes about their performance. First, we applied a Bayesian two-dimensional item response theory (IRT) model to data obtained from two registered reports that investigated stereotype threat in mathematics, and estimated the latent correlation between underlying test strategy (here, completion factor, a proxy for working speed) and mathematics ability. Second, we tested the gender gap and assessed potential effects of stereotype threat on female test performance. We found a positive correlation between the completion factor and mathematics ability, such that more able participants dropped out later in the test. We did not observe a stereotype threat effect but found larger gender differences on the latent completion factor than on latent mathematical ability, suggesting that test strategies affect the gender gap in timed mathematics performance. We argue that if the effect of time limits on tests is not taken into account, this may lead to test unfairness and biased group comparisons, and urge researchers to consider these effects in either their analyses or study planning.

Published
2023
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4. The Psychological Science Accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

Author

Buchanan, Erin M., Lewis, Savannah C., Paris, Bastien, Forscher, Patrick S., Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Beshears, Julie E., Drexler, Shira Meir, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie, Mallik, Peter R, Silan, Miguel Alejandro A., Miller, Jeremy K., IJzerman, Hans, Moshontz, Hannah, Beaudry, Jennifer L., Suchow, Jordan W., Chartier, Christopher R., Coles, Nicholas A., Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Todsen, Anna Louise, Levitan, Carmel A., Azevedo, Flávio, Legate, Nicole, Heller, Blake, Rothman, Alexander J., Dorison, Charles A., Gill, Brian P., Wang, Ke, Rees, Vaughan W., Gibbs, Nancy, Goldenberg, Amit, Thi Nguyen, Thuy-vy, Gross, James J., Kaminski, Gwenaêl, von Bastian, Claudia C., Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Mosannenzadeh, Farnaz, Azouaghe, Soufian, Bran, Alexandre, Ruiz-Fernandez, Susana, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Reggev, Niv, Zickfeld, Janis H., Akkas, Handan, Pantazi, Myrto, Ropovik, Ivan, Korbmacher, Max, Arriaga, Patrícia, Gjoneska, Biljana, Warmelink, Lara, Alves, Sara G., de Holanda Coelho, Gabriel Lins, Stieger, Stefan, Schei, Vidar, Hanel, Paul H. P., Szaszi, Barnabas, Fedotov, Maksim, Antfolk, Jan, Marcu, Gabriela-Mariana, Schrötter, Jana, Kunst, Jonas R., Geiger, Sandra J., Adetula, Adeyemi, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Kielińska, Julita, Kačmár, Pavol, Bokkour, Ahmed, Galindo-Caballero, Oscar J., Djamai, Ikhlas, Pöntinen, Sara Johanna, AGESIN, Bamikole Emmanuel, Jernsäther, Teodor, Urooj, Anum, Rachev, Nikolay R., Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria, Kurfalı, Murathan, Pit, Ilse L., Li, Ranran, Çoksan, Sami, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Paltrow, Tamar Elise, Baník, Gabriel, Korobova, Tatiana, Studzinska, Anna, Jiang, Xiaoming, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R., Vintr, Jáchym, Chiu, Faith, Kaliska, Lada, Berkessel, Jana B., Tümer, Murat, Morales-Izquierdo, Sara, Chuan-Peng, Hu, Vezirian, Kevin, Rosa, Anna Dalla, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Vasilev, Martin R., Beitner, Julia, Kácha, Ondřej, Žuro, Barbara, Westerlund, Minja, Nedelcheva-Datsova, Mina, Findor, Andrej, Krupić, Dajana, Kowal, Marta, Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Pourafshari, Razieh, Đorđević, Jasna Milošević, Schmidt, Nadya-Daniela, Baklanova, Ekaterina, Szala, Anna, Zakharov, Ilya, Vranka, Marek A., Ihaya, Keiko, Grano, Caterina, Cellini, Nicola, Białek, Michał, Anton-Boicuk, Lisa, Dalgar, Ilker, Adıgüzel, Arca, Verharen, Jeroen P. H., Maturan, Princess Lovella G., Kassianos, Angelos P., Oliveira, Raquel, Čadek, Martin, Adoric, Vera Cubela, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Sverdrup, Therese E., Aczel, Balazs, Zambrano, Danilo, Ahmed, Afroja, Tamnes, Christian K., Yamada, Yuki, Volz, Leonhard, Sunami, Naoyuki, Suter, Lilian, Vieira, Luc, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Kamburidis, Julia Arhondis, Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Harutyunyan, Mikayel, Adetula, Gabriel Agboola, Allred, Tara Bulut, Barzykowski, Krystian, Antazo, Benedict G, Zsido, Andras N., Šakan, Dušana Dušan, Cyrus-Lai, Wilson, Ahlgren, Lina Pernilla, Hruška, Matej, Vega, Diego, Manunta, Efisio, Mokady, Aviv, Capizzi, Mariagrazia, Martončik, Marcel, Say, Nicolas, Filip, Katarzyna, Vilar, Roosevelt, Staniaszek, Karolina, Vdovic, Milica, Adamkovic, Matus, Johannes, Niklas, Hajdu, Nandor, Cohen, Noga, Overkott, Clara, Krupić, Dino, Hubena, Barbora, Nilsonne, Gustav, Mioni, Giovanna, Solorzano, Claudio Singh, Ishii, Tatsunori, Chen, Zhang, Kushnir, Elizaveta, Karaarslan, Cemre, Ribeiro, Rafael R., Khaoudi, Ahmed, Kossowska, Małgorzata, Bavolar, Jozef, Hoyer, Karlijn, Roczniewska, Marta, Karababa, Alper, Becker, Maja, Monteiro, Renan P., Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Metin-Orta, Irem, Adamus, Sylwia, Kozma, Luca, Czarnek, Gabriela, Domurat, Artur, Štrukelj, Eva, Alvarez, Daniela Serrato, Parzuchowski, Michal, Massoni, Sébastien, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Muchembled, Fany, van Schie, Kevin, Saçaklı, Aslı, Hristova, Evgeniya, Kuzminska, Anna O., Charyate, Abdelilah, Bijlstra, Gijsbert, Afhami, Reza, Majeed, Nadyanna M., Musser, Erica D., Sirota, Miroslav, Ross, Robert M., Yeung, Siu Kit, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Foroni, Francesco, Almeida, Inês A. T., Grigoryev, Dmitry, Lewis, David M. G., Holford, Dawn L., Janssen, Steve M. J., Tatachari, Srinivasan, Batres, Carlota, Olofsson, Jonas K., Daches, Shimrit, Belaus, Anabel, Pfuhl, Gerit, Corral-Frias, Nadia Sarai, Sousa, Daniela, Röer, Jan Philipp, Isager, Peder Mortvedt, Godbersen, Hendrik, Walczak, Radoslaw B., Van Doren, Natalia, Ren, Dongning, Gill, Tripat, Voracek, Martin, DeBruine, Lisa M., Anne, Michele, Očovaj, Sanja Batić, Thomas, Andrew G., Arvanitis, Alexios, Ostermann, Thomas, Wolfe, Kelly, Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom, Bundt, Carsten, Lamm, Claus, Calin-Jageman, Robert J, Davis, William E., Karekla, Maria, Zorjan, Saša, Jaremka, Lisa M., Uttley, Jim, Hricova, Monika, Koehn, Monica A, Kiselnikova, Natalia, Bai, Hui, Krafnick, Anthony J., Balci, Busra Bahar, Ballantyne, Tonia, Lins, Samuel, Vally, Zahir, Esteban-Serna, Celia, Schmidt, Kathleen, Macapagal, Paulo Manuel L., Szwed, Paulina, Zdybek, Przemysław Marcin, Moreau, David, Collins, W. Matthew, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Vilares, Iris, Tran, Ulrich S., Boudesseul, Jordane, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Dixson, Barnaby James Wyld, Perillo, Jennifer T, Ferreira, Ana, Westgate, Erin C., Aberson, Christopher L., Arinze, Azuka Ikechukwu, Jaeger, Bastian, Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa, Silva, Jaime R., Storage, Daniel Shafik, Janak, Allison P, Jiménez-Leal, William, Soto, Jose A., Sorokowska, Agnieszka, McCarthy, Randy, Tullett, Alexa M, Frias-Armenta, Martha, Ribeiro, Matheus Fernando Felix, Hartanto, Andree, Forbes, Paul A. G., Willis, Megan L., del Carmen Tejada R, María, Torres, Adriana Julieth Olaya, Stephen, Ian D, Vaidis, David C., de la Rosa-Gómez, Anabel, Yu, Karen, Sutherland, Clare A. M., Manavalan, Mathi, Behzadnia, Behzad, Urban, Jan, Baskin, Ernest, McFall, Joseph P., Ogbonnaya, Chisom Esther, Fu, Cynthia H. Y., Rahal, Rima-Maria, Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Hostler, Thomas J., Kappes, Heather Barry, Sorokowski, Piotr, Khosla, Meetu, Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Eudave, Luis, Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Luis, Elkin O., Muda, Rafał, Agadullina, Elena, Cárcamo, Rodrigo A., Reeck, Crystal, Anjum, Gulnaz, Venegas, Mónica Camila Toro, Misiak, Michal, Ryan, Richard M., Nock, Nora L., Travaglino, Giovanni A., Mensink, Michael C., Feldman, Gilad, Wichman, Aaron L., Chou, Weilun, Ziano, Ignazio, Seehuus, Martin, Chopik, William J., Kung, Franki Y. H., Carpentier, Joelle, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Du, Hongfei, Xiao, Qinyu, Lima, Tiago J. S., Noone, Chris, Onie, Sandersan, Verbruggen, Frederick, Radtke, Theda, and Primbs, Maximilian A.

Published
2023
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6. Body appreciation around the world: Measurement invariance of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age

Author

Swami, Viren, Tran, Ulrich S., Stieger, Stefan, Aavik, Toivo, Ranjbar, Hamed Abdollahpour, Adebayo, Sulaiman Olanrewaju, Afhami, Reza, Ahmed, Oli, Aimé, Annie, Akel, Marwan, Halbusi, Hussam Al, Alexias, George, Ali, Khawla F., Alp-Dal, Nursel, Alsalhani, Anas B., Álvares-Solas, Sara, Amaral, Ana Carolina Soares, Andrianto, Sonny, Aspden, Trefor, Argyrides, Marios, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R., Atkin, Stephen, Ayandele, Olusola, Baceviciene, Migle, Bahbouh, Radvan, Ballesio, Andrea, Barron, David, Bellard, Ashleigh, Bender, Sóley Sesselja, Beydağ, Kerime Derya, Birovljević, Gorana, Blackburn, Marie-Ève, Borja-Alvarez, Teresita, Borowiec, Joanna, Bozogáňová, Miroslava, Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid, Browning, Matthew H.E.M., Brytek-Matera, Anna, Burakova, Marina, Çakır-Koçak, Yeliz, Camacho, Pablo, Camilleri, Vittorio Emanuele, Cazzato, Valentina, Cerea, Silvia, Chaiwutikornwanich, Apitchaya, Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin, Chambers, Tim, Chen, Qing-Wei, Chen, Xin, Chien, Chin-Lung, Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choompunuch, Bovornpot, Compte, Emilio J., Corrigan, Jennifer, Cosmas, Getrude, Cowden, Richard G., Czepczor-Bernat, Kamila, Czub, Marcin, da Silva, Wanderson Roberto, Dadfar, Mahboubeh, Dalley, Simon E., Dany, Lionel, Datu, Jesus Alfonso D., Berbert de Carvalho, Pedro Henrique, Coelho, Gabriel Lins de Holanda, De Jesus, Avila Odia S., Debbabi, Sonia Harzallah, Dhakal, Sandesh, Di Bernardo, Francesca, Dimitrova, Donka D., Dion, Jacinthe, Dixson, Barnaby, Donofrio, Stacey M., Drysch, Marius, Du, Hongfei, Dzhambov, Angel M., El-Jor, Claire, Enea, Violeta, Eskin, Mehmet, Farbod, Farinaz, Farrugia, Lorleen, Fian, Leonie, Fisher, Maryanne L., Folwarczny, Michał, Frederick, David A., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew, Furnham, Adrian, García, Antonio Alías, Geller, Shulamit, Ghisi, Marta, Ghorbani, Alireza, Martinez, Maria Angeles Gomez, Gradidge, Sarah, Graf, Sylvie, Grano, Caterina, Gyene, Gyöngyvér, Hallit, Souheil, Hamdan, Motasem, Handelzalts, Jonathan E., Hanel, Paul H.P., Hawks, Steven R., Hekmati, Issa, Helmy, Mai, Hill, Tetiana, Hina, Farah, Holenweger, Geraldine, Hřebíčková, Martina, Ijabadeniyi, Olasupo Augustine, Imam, Asma, İnce, Başak, Irrazabal, Natalia, Jankauskiene, Rasa, Jiang, Ding-Yu, Jiménez-Borja, Micaela, Jiménez-Borja, Verónica, Johnson, Evan M., Jovanović, Veljko, Jović, Marija, Jović, Marko, Junqueira, Alessandra Costa Pereira, Kahle, Lisa-Marie, Kantanista, Adam, Karakiraz, Ahmet, Karkin, Ayşe Nur, Kasten, Erich, Khatib, Salam, Khieowan, Nuannut, Kimong, Patricia Joseph, Kiropoulos, Litza, Knittel, Joshua, Kohli, Neena, Koprivnik, Mirjam, Kospakov, Aituar, Król-Zielińska, Magdalena, Krug, Isabel, Kuan, Garry, Kueh, Yee Cheng, Kujan, Omar, Kukić, Miljana, Kumar, Sanjay, Kumar, Vipul, Lamba, Nishtha, Lauri, Mary Anne, Laus, Maria Fernanda, LeBlanc, Liza April, Lee, Hyejoo J., Lipowska, Małgorzata, Lipowski, Mariusz, Lombardo, Caterina, Lukács, Andrea, Maïano, Christophe, Malik, Sadia, Manjary, Mandar, Baldó, Lidia Márquez, Martinez-Banfi, Martha, Massar, Karlijn, Matera, Camilla, McAnirlin, Olivia, Mebarak, Moisés Roberto, Mechri, Anwar, Meireles, Juliana Fernandes Filgueiras, Mesko, Norbert, Mills, Jacqueline, Miyairi, Maya, Modi, Ritu, Modrzejewska, Adriana, Modrzejewska, Justyna, Mulgrew, Kate E., Myers, Taryn A., Namatame, Hikari, Nassani, Mohammad Zakaria, Nerini, Amanda, Neto, Félix, Neto, Joana, Neves, Angela Noguiera, Ng, Siu-Kuen, Nithiya, Devi, O, Jiaqing, Obeid, Sahar, Oda-Montecinos, Camila, Olapegba, Peter Olamakinde, Olonisakin, Tosin Tunrayo, Omar, Salma Samir, Örlygsdóttir, Brynja, Özsoy, Emrah, Otterbring, Tobias, Pahl, Sabine, Panasiti, Maria Serena, Park, Yonguk, Patwary, Muhammad Mainuddin, Pethö, Tatiana, Petrova, Nadezhda, Pietschnig, Jakob, Pourmahmoud, Sadaf, Prabhu, Vishnunarayan Girishan, Poštuvan, Vita, Prokop, Pavol, Ramseyer Winter, Virginia L., Razmus, Magdalena, Ru, Taotao, Rupar, Mirjana, Sahlan, Reza N., Hassan, Mohammad Salah, Šalov, Anđela, Sapkota, Saphal, Sarfo, Jacob Owusu, Sawamiya, Yoko, Schaefer, Katrin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Seekis, Veya, Selvi, Kerim, Sharifi, Mehdi, Shrivastava, Anita, Siddique, Rumana Ferdousi, Sigurdsson, Valdimar, Silkane, Vineta, Šimunić, Ana, Singh, Govind, Slezáčková, Alena, Sundgot-Borgen, Christine, Ten Hoor, Gill, Tevichapong, Passagorn, Tipandjan, Arun, Todd, Jennifer, Togas, Constantinos, Tonini, Fernando, Tovar-Castro, Juan Camilo, Trangsrud, Lise Katrine Jepsen, Tripathi, Pankaj, Tudorel, Otilia, Tylka, Tracy L., Uyzbayeva, Anar, Vally, Zahir, Vanags, Edmunds, Vega, Luis Diego, Vicente-Arruebarrena, Aitor, Vidal-Mollón, Jose, Vilar, Roosevelt, Villegas, Hyxia, Vintilă, Mona, Wallner, Christoph, White, Mathew P., Whitebridge, Simon, Windhager, Sonja, Wong, Kah Yan, Yau, Eric Kenson, Yamamiya, Yuko, Yeung, Victoria Wai Lan, Zanetti, Marcelo Callegari, Zawisza, Magdalena, Zeeni, Nadine, Zvaríková, Martina, and Voracek, Martin

Published
2023
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8. Lexical Access Speed and the Development of Phonological Recoding during Immediate Serial Recall

Author

AuBuchon, Angela M., Elliott, Emily M., Morey, Candice C., Jarrold, Christopher, Cowan, Nelson, Adams, Eryn J., Attwood, Meg, Bayram, Büsra, Blakstvedt, Taran Y., Büttner, Gerhard, Castelain, Thomas, Cave, Shari, Crepaldi, Davide, Fredriksen, Eivor, Glass, Bret A., Guitard, Dominic, Hoehl, Stefanie, Hosch, Alexis, Jeanneret, Stéphanie, Joseph, Tanya N., Koch, Christopher, Lelonkiewicz, Jaroslaw R., Meissner, Grace, Mendenhall, Whitney, Moreau, David, Ostermann, Thomas, Özdogru, Asil Ali, Padovani, Francesca, Poloczek, Sebastian, Röer, Jan Philipp, Schonberg, Christina, Tamnes, Christian K., Tomasik, Martin J., Valentini, Beatrice, Vergauwe, Evie, Vlach, Haley, and Voracek, Martin

Abstract

A recent Registered Replication Report (RRR) of the development of verbal rehearsal during serial recall revealed that children verbalized at younger ages than previously thought, but did not identify sources of individual differences. Here, we use mediation analysis to reanalyze data from the 934 children ranging from 5 to 10 years old from the RRR for that purpose. From ages 5 to 7, the time taken for a child to label pictures (i.e. isolated naming speed) predicted the child's spontaneous use of labels during a visually presented serial reconstruction task, despite no need for spoken responses. For 6- and 7-year-olds, isolated naming speed also predicted recall. The degree to which verbalization mediated the relation between isolated naming speed and recall changed across development. All relations dissipated by age 10. The same general pattern was observed in an exploratory analysis of delayed recall for which greater demands are placed on rehearsal for item maintenance. Overall, our findings suggest that spontaneous phonological recoding during a standard short-term memory task emerges around age 5, increases in efficiency during the early elementary school years, and is sufficiently automatic by age 10 to support immediate serial recall in most children. Moreover, the findings highlight the need to distinguish between phonological recoding and rehearsal in developmental studies of short-term memory.

Published
2022
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11. In COVID-19 Health Messaging, Loss Framing Increases Anxiety with Little-to-No Concomitant Benefits: Experimental Evidence from 84 Countries

Author

Dorison, Charles A., Lerner, Jennifer S., Heller, Blake H., Rothman, Alexander J., Kawachi, Ichiro I., Wang, Ke, Rees, Vaughan W., Gill, Brian P., Gibbs, Nancy, Ebersole, Charles R., Vally, Zahir, Tajchman, Zuzanna, Zsido, Andras N., Zrimsek, Mija, Chen, Zhang, Ziano, Ignazio, Gialitaki, Zoi, Ceary, Chris D., Lin, Yijun, Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Yamada, Yuki, Xiao, Qinyu, Jiang, Xiaoming, Du, Xinkai, Yao, Elvin, Wilson, John Paul, Cyrus-Lai, Wilson, Jimenez-Leal, William, Law, Wilbert, Collins, W. Matthew, Richard, Karley L., Vranka, Marek, Ankushev, Vladislav, Schei, Vidar, Križanić, Valerija, Kadreva, Veselina Hristova, Adoric, Vera Cubela, Tran, Ulrich S., Yeung, Siu Kit, Hassan, Widad, Houston, Ralph, Lima, Tiago J. S., Ostermann, Thomas, Frizzo, Thomas, Sverdrup, Therese E., House, Thea, Gill, Tripat, Fedotov, Maksim, Paltrow, Tamar, Jernsäther, Teodor, Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria, Hostler, Thomas J., Ishii, Tatsunori, Szaszi, Barnabas, Adamus, Sylwia, Suter, Lilian, Habib, Sumaiya, Studzinska, Anna, Stojanovska, Dragana, Janssen, Steve M. J., Stieger, Stefan, Schulenberg, Stefan E., Tatachari, Srinivasan, Azouaghe, Soufian, Sorokowski, Piotr, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Song, Xin, Lewis, Savannah C., Sinkolova, Sladjana, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Drexler, Shira Meir, Daches, Shimrit, Geniole, Shawn N., Vračar, Selena, Massoni, Sébastien, Zorjan, Saša, Sarıoğuz, Eylül, Izquierdo, Sara Morales, Alves, Sara G., Pöntinen, Sara, Solas, Sara Álvarez, Ordoñez-Riaño, Santiago, Očovaj, Sanja Batić, Onie, Sandersan, Lins, Samuel, Çoksan, Sami, Sacakli, Asli, Ruiz-Fernández, Susana, Geiger, Sandra J., FatahModares, Saeideh, Walczak, Radoslaw B., Betlehem, Ruben, Vilar, Roosevelt, Cárcamo, Rodrigo, Ross, Robert M., McCarthy, Randy, Ballantyne, Tonia, Westgate, Erin C., Afhami, Reza, Ren, Dongning, Monteiro, Renan P., Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Reggev, Niv, Calin-Jageman, Robert J., Pourafshari, Razieh, Oliveira, Raquel, Nedelcheva-Datsova, Mina, Rahal, Rima-Maria, Ribeiro, Rafael R., Radtke, Theda, Searston, Rachel, Habte, Redeate, Zdybek, Przemysław, Chen, Sau-Chin, Maturan, Princess Lovella G., Perillo, Jennifer T., Isager, Peder Mortvedt, Kačmár, Pavol, Macapagal, Paulo Manuel, Szwed, Paulina, Hanel, Paul H. P., Forbes, Paul A. G., Arriaga, Patrícia, Paris, Bastien, Papachristopoulos, Konstantinos, Correa, Pablo Sebastián, Kácha, Ondřej, Bernardo, Márcia, Campos, Olatz, Bravo, Olalla Niño, Galindo-Caballero, Oscar J., Ogbonnaya, Chisom Esther, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Kiselnikova, Natalia, Simonovic, Nicolle, Cohen, Noga, Nock, Nora L., Johannes, Niklas, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Say, Nicolas, Torunsky, Nathan, Van Doren, Natalia, Sunami, Naoyuki, Rachev, Nikolay R., Majeed, Nadyanna M., Schmidt, Nadya-Daniela, Nadif, Khaoula, Corral-Frías, Nadia S., Ouherrou, Nihal, Pantazi, Myrto, Lucas, Marc Y., Vasilev, Martin R., Ortiz, María Victoria, Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa, Kabir, Muhib, Muda, Rafał, Tejada Rivera, Maria del Carmen MC, Sirota, Miroslav, Seehuus, Martin, Parzuchowski, Michal, Toro, Mónica, Hricova, Monika, Maldonado, Mónica Alarcón, Marszalek, Magdalena, Karekla, Maria, Mioni, Giovanna, Bosma, Minke Jasmijn, Westerlund, Minja, Vdovic, Milica, Bialek, Michal, Silan, Miguel A., Anne, Michele, Misiak, Michal, Grinberg, Maurice, Capizzi, Mariagrazia, Espinoza Barría, Mauricio F., Kurfali, Merve A., Mensink, Michael C., Harutyunyan, Mikayel, Khosla, Meetu, Korbmacher, Max, Adamkovič, Matúš, Ribeiro, Matheus Fernando Felix, Terskova, Maria, Hruška, Matej, Martončik, Marcel, Voracek, Martin, Čadek, Martin, Frías-Armenta, Martha, Kowal, Marta, Topor, Marta, Roczniewska, Marta, Oosterlinck, Marlies, Kohlová, Markéta Braun, Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Romanova, Marina, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Lund, Maria Louise, Antoniadi, Maria, Jones, Marc V., Ortiz, Manuel S., Manavalan, Mathi, Muminov, Abdumalik, Kossowska, Małgorzata, Friedemann, Maja, Wielgus, Magdalena, Varella, Marco A. C., Colloff, Melissa F., Bradford, Maria, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Eudave, Luis, Vieira, Luc, Pineda, Lina Maria Sanabria, Pérez, Laura Calderón, Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Jaremka, Lisa M., Kushnir, Elizaveta, Anton-Boicuk, Lisa, de Holanda Coelho, Gabriel Lins, Ahlgren, Lina, Levitan, Carmel A., Micheli, Leticia, Volz, Leonhard, Stojanovska, Marija, Boucher, Leanne, Samojlenko, Lara, Delgado, Lady Grey Javela, Kaliska, Lada, Warmelink, Lara, Rojas-Berscia, Luis Miguel, Yu, Karen, Wachowicz, Jakub, Desai, Kermeka, Barzykowski, Krystian, Kozma, Luca, Evans, Kortnee, Kirgizova, Komila, Agesin, Bamikole Emmanuel, Koehn, Monica A, Wolfe, Kelly, Korobova, Tatiana, Klevjer, Kristoffer, van Schie, Kevin, Vezirian, Kevin, Damnjanović, Kaja, Thommesen, Katrine Krabbe, Schmidt, Kathleen, Filip, Katarzyna, Grzech, Karolina, Hoyer, Karlijn, Moon, Karis, Rana, Kafeel, Janjić, Kristina, Suchow, Jordan W., Kielińska, Julita, Cruz Vásquez, Julio E, Beitner, Julia, Vargas-Nieto, Juan Camilo, Roxas, Jose Carlos T., Taber, Jennifer, Urriago-Rayo, Joan, Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Bavolar, Jozef, Soto, José A., Olofsson, Jonas K., Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Messerschmidt, Johanna, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Boudesseul, Jordane, Lee, Jeong Min, Kamburidis, Julia, Zickfeld, Janis, Miranda, Jacob F., Verharen, Jeroen P. H., Hristova, Evgeniya, Beshears, Julie E., Đorđević, Jasna Milošević, Bosch, Jasmijn, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, Antfolk, Jan, Berkessel, Jana B., Schrötter, Jana, Urban, Jan, Röer, Jan Philipp, Norton, James O, Silva, Jaime R., Pickering, Jade S., Vintr, Jáchym, Uttley, Jim, Kunst, Jonas R., Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Iyer, Aishwarya, Vilares, Iris, Ivanov, Aleksandr, Ropovik, Ivan, Sula, Isabela, Sarieva, Irena, Metin-Orta, Irem, Prusova, Irina, Pinto, Isabel, Bozdoc, Andreea Ioana, Almeida, Inês A. T., Pit, Ilse L., Dalgar, Ilker, Zakharov, Ilya, Arinze, Azuka Ikechukwu, Ihaya, Keiko, Stephen, Ian D., Gjoneska, Biljana, Brohmer, Hilmar, Flowe, Heather, Godbersen, Hendrik, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Hedgebeth, Mattie V., Chuan-Peng, Hu, Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Manley, Harry, Akkas, Handan, Hajdu, Nandor, Azab, Habiba, Kaminski, Gwenael, Nilsonne, Gustav, Anjum, Gulnaz, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Feldman, Gilad, Pfuhl, Gerit, Czarnek, Gabriela, Marcu, Gabriela Mariana, Hofer, Gabriela, Banik, Gabriel, Adetula, Gabriel Agboola, Bijlstra, Gijsbert, Verbruggen, Frederick, Kung, Franki Y. H., Foroni, Francesco, Singer, Gage, Muchembled, Fany, Azevedo, Flavio, Mosannenzadeh, Farnaz, Marinov, Evelina, Štrukelj, Eva, Etebari, Zahra, Baskin, Ernest, Garcia, Elkin Oswaldo Luis, Musser, Erica, van Steenkiste, I.M.M., Ahn, El Rim, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Jackson, Emily A, Manunta, Efisio, Agadullina, Elena, Šakan, Dušana, Dursun, Pinar, Dujols, Olivier, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Willis, Megan, Tümer, Murat, Beaudry, Jennifer L., Popović, Dora, Dunleavy, Daniel, Djamai, Ikhlas, Krupić, Dino, Vega, Diego, Du, Hongfei, Mola, Débora, Davis, William E., Holford, Dawn Liu, Lewis, David M. G., Vaidis, David C., Ozery, Daphna Hausman, Ricaurte, Danilo Zambrano, Storage, Daniel, Sousa, Daniela, Alvarez, Daniela Serrato, Rosa, Anna Dalla, Krupić, Dajana, Marko, Dafne, Moreau, David, Reeck, Crystal, Correia, Rita C., Whitt, Cassie M., Lamm, Claus, Solorzano, Claudio Singh, von Bastian, Claudia C., Sutherland, Clare AM, Overkott, Clara, Aberson, Christopher L., Wang, Chunhui, Karashiali, Christiana, Noone, Chris, Chiu, Faith, Picciocchi, Chiara, Karaarslan, Cemre, Cellini, Nicola, Esteban-Serna, Celia, Reyna, Cecilia, Batres, Carlota, Li, Ranran, Grano, Caterina, Carpentier, Joelle, Tamnes, Christian K., Fu, Cynthia H.Y., Ishkhanyan, Byurakn, Bylinina, Lisa, Jaeger, Bastian, Bundt, Carsten, Allred, Tara Bulut, Bokkour, Ahmed, Bogatyreva, Natalia, Chopik, William J., Antazo, Benedict, Behzadnia, Behzad, Becker, Maja, Cocco, Beatrice, Chou, Wei-Lun, Hubena, Barbora, Žuro, Barbara, Aczel, Balazs, Baklanova, Ekaterina, Bai, Hui, Balci, Busra Bahar, Babinčák, Peter, Dixson, Barnaby James Wyld, Mokady, Aviv, Kappes, Heather Barry, Atari, Mohammad, Szala, Anna, Szabelska, Anna, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon, Domurat, Artur, Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom, Modena, Arianna, Adiguzel, Arca, Monajem, Arash, ARABI, Kanza AIT EL, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Olaya Torres, Adriana Julieth, Theodoropoulou, Andriana, Jurković, Anita Penić, Kassianos, Angelos P., Findor, Andrej, Hartanto, Andree, Thibault Landry, Anais, Ferreira, Ana, Santos, Anabela Caetano, De la Rosa-Gomez, Anabel, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie, Todsen, Anna Louise, Karababa, Alper, Janak, Allison, Bran, Alexandre, Tullett, Alexa M., Kuzminska, Anna O., Krafnick, Anthony J, Urooj, Anum, Khaoudi, Ahmed, Ahmed, Afroja, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Adetula, Adeyemi, Belaus, Anabel, Charyate, Abdelilah Ca, Wichman, Aaron L., Stoyanova, Alina, Greenburgh, Anna, Thomas, Andrew G., Arvanitis, Alexios, Forscher, Patrick S., Mallik, Peter R, Primbs, Maximilian A., Miller, Jeremy K., Moshontz, Hannah, Urry, Heather L., IJzerman, Hans, Basnight-Brown, Dana M., Chartier, Christopher R., Buchanan, Erin M., and Coles, Nicholas A.

Published
2022
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12. Test Anxiety and Physiological Arousal: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Roos, Anna-Lena, Goetz, Thomas, Voracek, Martin, Krannich, Maike, Bieg, Madeleine, Jarrell, Amanda, and Pekrun, Reinhard

Abstract

Test anxiety is a widespread and mostly detrimental emotion in learning and achievement settings. Thus, it is a construct of high interest for researchers and its measurement is an important issue. So far, test anxiety has typically been assessed using self-report measures. However, physiological measures (e.g., heart rate or skin conductance level) have gained increasing attention in educational research, as they allow for an objective and often continuous assessment of students' physiological arousal (i.e., the physiological component of test anxiety) in real-life situations, such as a test. Although theoretically one would assume self-report measures of test anxiety and objective physiological measures would converge, empirical evidence is scarce and findings have been mixed. To achieve a more coherent picture of the relationship between these measures, this systematic review and meta-analysis investigated whether higher self-reported test anxiety is associated with expected increases in objectively measured physiological arousal. A systematic literature search yielded an initial 231 articles, and a structured selection process identified 29 eligible articles, comprising 31 studies, which met the specified inclusion criteria and provided sufficient information about the relationship under investigation. In line with theoretical models, in 21 out of the 31 included studies, there was a significant positive relationship between self-reported test anxiety and physiological arousal. The strengths of these correlations were of medium size. Moderators influencing the relation between these two measures are discussed, along with implications for the assessment of physiological data in future classroom-based research on test anxiety.

Published
2021
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13. Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample

Author

Bago, Bence, Kovacs, Marton, Protzko, John, Nagy, Tamas, Kekecs, Zoltan, Palfi, Bence, Adamkovic, Matus, Adamus, Sylwia, Albalooshi, Sumaya, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Alfian, Ilham N., Alper, Sinan, Alvarez-Solas, Sara, Alves, Sara G., Amaya, Santiago, Andresen, Pia K., Anjum, Gulnaz, Ansari, Daniel, Arriaga, Patrícia, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R., Arvanitis, Alexios, Babincak, Peter, Barzykowski, Krystian, Bashour, Bana, Baskin, Ernest, Batalha, Luisa, Batres, Carlota, Bavolar, Jozef, Bayrak, Fatih, Becker, Benjamin, Becker, Maja, Belaus, Anabel, Białek, Michał, Bilancini, Ennio, Boller, Daniel, Boncinelli, Leonardo, Boudesseul, Jordane, Brown, Benjamin T., Buchanan, Erin M., Butt, Muhammad M., Calvillo, Dustin P., Carnes, Nate C., Celniker, Jared B., Chartier, Christopher R., Chopik, William J., Chotikavan, Poom, Chuan-Peng, Hu, Clancy, Rockwell F., Çoker, Ogeday, Correia, Rita C., Adoric, Vera Cubela, Cubillas, Carmelo P., Czoschke, Stefan, Daryani, Yalda, de Grefte, Job A. M., de Vries, Wieteke C., Burak, Elif G. Demirag, Dias, Carina, Dixson, Barnaby J. W., Du, Xinkai, Dumančić, Francesca, Dumbravă, Andrei, Dutra, Natalia B., Enachescu, Janina, Esteban-Serna, Celia, Eudave, Luis, Evans, Thomas R., Feldman, Gilad, Felisberti, Fatima M., Fiedler, Susann, Findor, Andrej, Fleischmann, Alexandra, Foroni, Francesco, Francová, Radka, Frank, Darius-Aurel, Fu, Cynthia H. Y., Gao, Shan, Ghasemi, Omid, Ghazi-Noori, Ali-Reza, Ghossainy, Maliki E., Giammusso, Isabella, Gill, Tripat, Gjoneska, Biljana, Gollwitzer, Mario, Graton, Aurélien, Grinberg, Maurice, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Harris, Elizabeth A., Hartanto, Andree, Hassan, Widad A. N. M., Hatami, Javad, Heimark, Katrina R., Hidding, Jasper J. J., Hristova, Evgeniya, Hruška, Matej, Hudson, Charlotte A., Huskey, Richard, Ikeda, Ayumi, Inbar, Yoel, Ingram, Gordon P. D., Isler, Ozan, Isloi, Chris, Iyer, Aishwarya, Jaeger, Bastian, Janssen, Steve M. J., Jiménez-Leal, William, Jokić, Biljana, Kačmár, Pavol, Kadreva, Veselina, Kaminski, Gwenaël, Karimi-Malekabadi, Farzan, Kasper, Arno T. A., Kendrick, Keith M., Kennedy, Bradley J., Kocalar, Halil E., Kodapanakkal, Rabia I., Kowal, Marta, Kruse, Elliott, Kučerová, Lenka, Kühberger, Anton, Kuzminska, Anna O., Lalot, Fanny, Lamm, Claus, Lammers, Joris, Lange, Elke B., Lantian, Anthony, Lau, Ivy Y.-M., Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Leliveld, Marijke C., Lenz, Jennifer N., Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Savannah C., Li, Manyu, Li, Yansong, Li, Haozheng, Lima, Tiago J. S., Lins, Samuel, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Lopes, Paula, Lu, Jackson G., Lynds, Trent, Máčel, Martin, Mackinnon, Sean P., Maganti, Madhavilatha, Magraw-Mickelson, Zoe, Magson, Leon F., Manley, Harry, Marcu, Gabriela M., Seršić, Darja Masli, Matibag, Celine-Justine, Mattiassi, Alan D. A., Mazidi, Mahdi, McFall, Joseph P., McLatchie, Neil, Mensink, Michael C., Miketta, Lena, Milfont, Taciano L., Mirisola, Alberto, Misiak, Michal, Mitkidis, Panagiotis, Moeini-Jazani, Mehrad, Monajem, Arash, Moreau, David, Musser, Erica D., Narhetali, Erita, Ochoa, Danielle P., Olsen, Jerome, Owsley, Nicholas C., Özdoğru, Asil A., Panning, Miriam, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Parashar, Neha, Pärnamets, Philip, Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Parzuchowski, Michal, Paterlini, Julia V., Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Peker, Mehmet, Peters, Kim, Piatnitckaia, Liudmila, Pinto, Isabel, Policarpio, Monica Renee, Pop-Jordanova, Nada, Pratama, Annas J., Primbs, Maximilian A., Pronizius, Ekaterina, Purić, Danka, Puvia, Elisa, Qamari, Vahid, Qian, Kun, Quiamzade, Alain, Ráczová, Beáta, Reinero, Diego A., Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Reyna, Cecilia, Reynolds, Kimberly, Ribeiro, Matheus F. F., Röer, Jan P., Ross, Robert M., Roussos, Petros, Ruiz-Dodobara, Fernando, Ruiz-Fernandez, Susana, Rutjens, Bastiaan T., Rybus, Katarzyna, Samekin, Adil, Santos, Anabela C., Say, Nicolas, Schild, Christoph, Schmidt, Kathleen, Ścigała, Karolina A., Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Shi, Jiaxin, Shi, Yaoxi, Sievers, Erin, Sirota, Miroslav, Slipenkyj, Michael, Solak, Çağlar, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Sorokowski, Piotr, Söylemez, Sinem, Steffens, Niklas K., Stephen, Ian D., Sternisko, Anni, Stevens-Wilson, Laura, Stewart, Suzanne L. K., Stieger, Stefan, Storage, Daniel, Strube, Justine, Susa, Kyle J., Szekely-Copîndean, Raluca D., Szostak, Natalia M., Takwin, Bagus, Tatachari, Srinivasan, Thomas, Andrew G., Tiede, Kevin E., Tiong, Lucas E., Tonković, Mirjana, Trémolière, Bastien, Tunstead, Lauren V., Türkan, Belgüzar N., Twardawski, Mathias, Vadillo, Miguel A., Vally, Zahir, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Verschuere, Bruno, Vlašiček, Denis, Voracek, Martin, Vranka, Marek A., Wang, Shuzhen, West, Skye-Loren, Whyte, Stephen, Wilton, Leigh S., Wlodarczyk, Anna, Wu, Xue, Xin, Fei, Yadanar, Su, Yama, Hiroshi, Yamada, Yuki, Yilmaz, Onurcan, Yoon, Sangsuk, Young, Danielle M., Zakharov, Ilya, Zein, Rizqy A., Zettler, Ingo, Žeželj, Iris L., Zhang, Don C., Zhang, Jin, Zheng, Xiaoxiao, Hoekstra, Rink, and Aczel, Balazs

Published
2022
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18. Detecting jingle and jangle fallacies by identifying consistencies and variabilities in study specifications - a call for research.

Author

Hanfstingl, Barbara, Oberleiter, Sandra, Pietschnig, Jakob, Tran, Ulrich S., and Voracek, Martin

Subjects
NATURAL language processing, EMPIRICAL research, DETECTORS, ALGORITHMS
Abstract

Over the past few years, more attention has been paid to jingle and jangle fallacies in psychological science. Jingle fallacies arise when two or more distinct psychological phenomena are erroneously labeled with the same term, while jangle fallacies occur when different terms are used to describe the same phenomenon. Jingle and jangle fallacies emerge due to the vague linkage between psychological theories and their practical implementation in empirical studies, compounded by variations in study designs, methodologies, and applying different statistical procedures' algorithms. Despite progress in organizing scientific findings via systematic reviews and meta-analyses, effective strategies to prevent these fallacies are still lacking. This paper explores the integration of several approaches with the potential to identify and mitigate jingle and jangle fallacies within psychological science. Essentially, organizing studies according to their specifications, which include theoretical background, methods, study designs, and results, alongside a combinatorial algorithm and flexible inclusion criteria, may indeed represent a feasible approach. A jinglefallacy detector arises when identical specifications lead to disparate outcomes, whereas jangle-fallacy indicators could operate on the premise that varying specifications consistently yield overrandomly similar results. We discuss the role of advanced computational technologies, such as Natural Language Processing (NLP), in identifying these fallacies. In conclusion, addressing jingle and jangle fallacies requires a comprehensive approach that considers all levels and phases of psychological science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Wang, Ke, Goldenberg, Amit, Dorison, Charles A., Miller, Jeremy K., Uusberg, Andero, Lerner, Jennifer S., Gross, James J., Agesin, Bamikole Bamikole, Bernardo, Márcia, Campos, Olatz, Eudave, Luis, Grzech, Karolina, Ozery, Daphna Hausman, Jackson, Emily A., Garcia, Elkin Oswaldo Luis, Drexler, Shira Meir, Jurković, Anita Penić, Rana, Kafeel, Wilson, John Paul, Antoniadi, Maria, Desai, Kermeka, Gialitaki, Zoi, Kushnir, Elizaveta, Nadif, Khaoula, Bravo, Olalla Niño, Nauman, Rafia, Oosterlinck, Marlies, Pantazi, Myrto, Pilecka, Natalia, Szabelska, Anna, van Steenkiste, I. M. M., Filip, Katarzyna, Bozdoc, Andreea Ioana, Marcu, Gabriela Mariana, Agadullina, Elena, Adamkovič, Matúš, Roczniewska, Marta, Reyna, Cecilia, Kassianos, Angelos P., Westerlund, Minja, Ahlgren, Lina, Pöntinen, Sara, Adetula, Gabriel Agboola, Dursun, Pinar, Arinze, Azuka Ikechukwu, Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom, Ogbonnaya, Chisom Esther, Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Dalgar, Ilker, Akkas, Handan, Macapagal, Paulo Manuel, Lewis, Savannah, Metin-Orta, Irem, Foroni, Francesco, Willis, Megan, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Mokady, Aviv, Reggev, Niv, Kurfali, Merve A., Vasilev, Martin R., Nock, Nora L., Parzuchowski, Michal, Espinoza Barría, Mauricio F., Vranka, Marek, Kohlová, Markéta Braun, Ropovik, Ivan, Harutyunyan, Mikayel, Wang, Chunhui, Yao, Elvin, Becker, Maja, Manunta, Efisio, Kaminski, Gwenael, Boudesseu, Jordane, Marko, Dafne, Evans, Kortnee, Lewis, David M. G., Findor, Andrej, Landry, Anais Thibault, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon, Ortiz, Manuel S., Vally, Zahir, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Voracek, Martin, Lamm, Claus, Grinberg, Maurice, Li, Ranran, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, Mioni, Giovanna, Cellini, Nicola, Chen, Sau-Chin, Zickfeld, Janis, Moon, Karis, Azab, Habiba, Levy, Neil, Karababa, Alper, Beaudry, Jennifer L., Boucher, Leanne, Collins, W. Matthew, Todsen, Anna Louise, van Schie, Kevin, Vintr, Jáchym, Bavolar, Jozef, Kaliska, Lada, Križanić, Valerija, Samojlenko, Lara, Pourafshari, Razieh, Geiger, Sandra J., Beitner, Julia, Warmelink, Lara, Ross, Robert M., Stephen, Ian D., Hostler, Thomas J., Azouaghe, Soufian, McCarthy, Randy, Szala, Anna, Grano, Caterina, Solorzano, Claudio Singh, Anjum, Gulnaz, Jimenez-Leal, William, Bradford, Maria, Pérez, Laura Calderón, Cruz Vásquez, Julio E., Galindo-Caballero, Oscar J., Vargas-Nieto, Juan Camilo, Kácha, Ondřej, Arvanitis, Alexios, Xiao, Qinyu, Cárcamo, Rodrigo, Zorjan, Saša, Tajchman, Zuzanna, Vilares, Iris, Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Kunst, Jonas R., Tamnes, Christian K., von Bastian, Claudia C., Atari, Mohammad, Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Hricova, Monika, Kačmár, Pavol, Schrötter, Jana, Rahal, Rima-Maria, Cohen, Noga, FatahModares, Saeideh, Zrimsek, Miha, Zakharov, Ilya, Koehn, Monica A., Esteban-Serna, Celia, Calin-Jageman, Robert J., Krafnick, Anthony J., Štrukelj, Eva, Isager, Peder Mortvedt, Urban, Jan, Silva, Jaime R., Martončik, Marcel, Očovaj, Sanja Batić, Šakan, Dušana, Kuzminska, Anna O., Djordjevic, Jasna Milosevic, Almeida, Inês A. T., Ferreira, Ana, Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Manley, Harry, Ricaurte, Danilo Zambrano, Monteiro, Renan P., Etabari, Zahra, Musser, Erica, Dunleavy, Daniel, Chou, Weilun, Godbersen, Hendrik, Ruiz-Fernández, Susana, Reeck, Crystal, Batres, Carlota, Kirgizova, Komila, Muminov, Abdumalik, Azevedo, Flavio, Alvarez, Daniela Serrato, Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa, Lee, Jeong Min, Chen, Zhang, Verbruggen, Frederick, Ziano, Ignazio, Tümer, Murat, Charyate, Abdelilah C. A., Dubrov, Dmitrii, Tejada Rivera, María del Carmen M. C., Aberson, Christopher, Pálfi, Bence, Maldonado, Mónica Alarcón, Hubena, Barbora, Sacakli, Asli, Ceary, Chris D., Richard, Karley L., Singer, Gage, Perillo, Jennifer T., Ballantyne, Tonia, Cyrus-Lai, Wilson, Fedotov, Maksim, Du, Hongfei, Wielgus, Magdalena, Pit, Ilse L., Hruška, Matej, Sousa, Daniela, Aczel, Balazs, Hajdu, Nandor, Szaszi, Barnabas, Adamus, Sylwia, Barzykowski, Krystian, Micheli, Leticia, Schmidt, Nadya-Daniela, Zsido, Andras N., Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Muda, Rafał, Bialek, Michal, Kowal, Marta, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Misiak, Michal, Mola, Débora, Ortiz, María Victoria, Correa, Pablo Sebastián, Belaus, Anabel, Muchembled, Fany, Ribeiro, Rafael R., Arriaga, Patricia, Oliveira, Raquel, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Szwed, Paulina, Kossowska, Małgorzata, Czarnek, Gabriela, Kielińska, Julita, Antazo, Benedict, Betlehem, Ruben, Stieger, Stefan, Nilsonne, Gustav, Simonovic, Nicolle, Taber, Jennifer, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie, Domurat, Artur, Ihaya, Keiko, Yamada, Yuki, Urooj, Anum, Gill, Tripat, Čadek, Martin, Bylinina, Lisa, Messerschmidt, Johanna, Kurfalı, Murathan, Adetula, Adeyemi, Baklanova, Ekaterina, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Kappes, Heather B., Gjoneska, Biljana, House, Thea, Jones, Marc V., Berkessel, Jana B., Chopik, William J., Çoksan, Sami, Seehuus, Martin, Khaoudi, Ahmed, Bokkour, Ahmed, El Arabi, Kanza Ait, Djamai, Ikhlas, Iyer, Aishwarya, Parashar, Neha, Adiguzel, Arca, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Bundt, Carsten, Norton, James O., Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, De la Rosa-Gomez, Anabel, Ankushev, Vladislav, Bogatyreva, Natalia, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Ivanov, Aleksandr, Prusova, Irina, Romanova, Marina, Sarieva, Irena, Terskova, Maria, Hristova, Evgeniya, Kadreva, Veselina Hristova, Janak, Allison, Schei, Vidar, Sverdrup, Therese E., Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Pineda, Lina Maria Sanabria, Krupić, Dajana, Levitan, Carmel A., Johannes, Niklas, Ouherrou, Nihal, Say, Nicolas, Sinkolova, Sladjana, Janjić, Kristina, Stojanovska, Marija, Stojanovska, Dragana, Khosla, Meetu, Thomas, Andrew G., Kung, Franki Y. H., Bijlstra, Gijsbert, Mosannenzadeh, Farnaz, Balci, Busra Bahar, Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Baskin, Ernest, Ishkhanyan, Byurakn, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Dixson, Barnaby James Wyld, Moreau, David, Sutherland, Clare A. M., Chuan-Peng, Hu, Noone, Chris, Flowe, Heather, Anne, Michele, Janssen, Steve M. J., Topor, Marta, Majeed, Nadyanna M., Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Yu, Karen, Daches, Shimrit, Hartanto, Andree, Vdovic, Milica, Anton-Boicuk, Lisa, Forbes, Paul A. G., Kamburidis, Julia, Marinova, Evelina, Nedelcheva-Datsova, Mina, Rachev, Nikolay R., Stoyanova, Alina, Schmidt, Kathleen, Suchow, Jordan W., Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria, Jernsäther, Teodor, Olofsson, Jonas K., Bialobrzeska, Olga, Marszalek, Magdalena, Tatachari, Srinivasan, Afhami, Reza, Law, Wilbert, Antfolk, Jan, Žuro, Barbara, Van Doren, Natalia, Soto, Jose A., Searston, Rachel, Miranda, Jacob, Damnjanović, Kaja, Yeung, Siu Kit, Krupić, Dino, Hoyer, Karlijn, Jaeger, Bastian, Ren, Dongning, Pfuhl, Gerit, Klevjer, Kristoffer, Corral-Frías, Nadia S., Frias-Armenta, Martha, Lucas, Marc Y., Torres, Adriana Olaya, Toro, Mónica, Delgado, Lady Grey Javela, Vega, Diego, Solas, Sara Álvarez, Vilar, Roosevelt, Massoni, Sébastien, Frizzo, Thomas, Bran, Alexandre, Vaidis, David C., Vieira, Luc, Paris, Bastien, Capizzi, Mariagrazia, Coelho, Gabriel Lins de Holanda, Greenburgh, Anna, Whitt, Cassie M., Tullett, Alexa M., Du, Xinkai, Volz, Leonhard, Bosma, Minke Jasmijn, Karaarslan, Cemre, Sarıoğuz, Eylül, Allred, Tara Bulut, Korbmacher, Max, Colloff, Melissa F., Lima, Tiago J. S., Ribeiro, Matheus Fernando Felix, Verharen, Jeroen P. H., Karekla, Maria, Karashiali, Christiana, Sunami, Naoyuki, Jaremka, Lisa M., Storage, Daniel, Habib, Sumaiya, Studzinska, Anna, Hanel, Paul H. P., Holford, Dawn Liu, Sirota, Miroslav, Wolfe, Kelly, Chiu, Faith, Theodoropoulou, Andriana, Ahn, El Rim, Lin, Yijun, Westgate, Erin C., Brohmer, Hilmar, Hofer, Gabriela, Dujols, Olivier, Vezirian, Kevin, Feldman, Gilad, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Ahmed, Afroja, Li, Manyu, Bosch, Jasmijn, Torunsky, Nathan, Bai, Hui, Manavalan, Mathi, Song, Xin, Walczak, Radoslaw B., Zdybek, Przemysław, Friedemann, Maja, Rosa, Anna Dalla, Kozma, Luca, Alves, Sara G., Lins, Samuel, Pinto, Isabel R., Correia, Rita C., Babinčák, Peter, Banik, Gabriel, Rojas-Berscia, Luis Miguel, Varella, Marco A. C., Uttley, Jim, Beshears, Julie E., Thommesen, Katrine Krabbe, Behzadnia, Behzad, Geniole, Shawn N., Silan, Miguel A., Maturan, Princess Lovella G., Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Tran, Ulrich S., Izquierdo, Sara Morales, Mensink, Michael C., Sorokowski, Piotr, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Radtke, Theda, Adoric, Vera Cubela, Carpentier, Joelle, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Hedgebeth, Mattie V., Ishii, Tatsunori, Wichman, Aaron L., Röer, Jan Philipp, Ostermann, Thomas, Davis, William E., Suter, Lilian, Papachristopoulos, Konstantinos, Zabel, Chelsea, Onie, Sandersan, Ebersole, Charles R., Chartier, Christopher R., Mallik, Peter R., Urry, Heather L., Buchanan, Erin M., Coles, Nicholas A., Primbs, Maximilian A., Basnight-Brown, Dana M., IJzerman, Hans, Forscher, Patrick S., and Moshontz, Hannah

Published
2021
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22. Author Correction: A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Wang, Ke, Goldenberg, Amit, Dorison, Charles A., Miller, Jeremy K., Uusberg, Andero, Lerner, Jennifer S., Gross, James J., Agesin, Bamikole Bamikole, Bernardo, Márcia, Campos, Olatz, Eudave, Luis, Grzech, Karolina, Ozery, Daphna Hausman, Jackson, Emily A., Garcia, Elkin Oswaldo Luis, Drexler, Shira Meir, Jurković, Anita Penić, Rana, Kafeel, Wilson, John Paul, Antoniadi, Maria, Desai, Kermeka, Gialitaki, Zoi, Kushnir, Elizaveta, Nadif, Khaoula, Bravo, Olalla Niño, Nauman, Rafia, Oosterlinck, Marlies, Pantazi, Myrto, Pilecka, Natalia, Szabelska, Anna, van Steenkiste, I. M. M., Filip, Katarzyna, Bozdoc, Andreea Ioana, Marcu, Gabriela Mariana, Agadullina, Elena, Adamkovič, Matúš, Roczniewska, Marta, Reyna, Cecilia, Kassianos, Angelos P., Westerlund, Minja, Ahlgren, Lina, Pöntinen, Sara, Adetula, Gabriel Agboola, Dursun, Pinar, Arinze, Azuka Ikechukwu, Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom, Ogbonnaya, Chisom Esther, Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Dalgar, Ilker, Akkas, Handan, Macapagal, Paulo Manuel, Lewis, Savannah, Metin-Orta, Irem, Foroni, Francesco, Willis, Megan, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Mokady, Aviv, Reggev, Niv, Kurfali, Merve A., Vasilev, Martin R., Nock, Nora L., Parzuchowski, Michal, Espinoza Barría, Mauricio F., Vranka, Marek, Kohlová, Markéta Braun, Ropovik, Ivan, Harutyunyan, Mikayel, Wang, Chunhui, Yao, Elvin, Becker, Maja, Manunta, Efisio, Kaminski, Gwenael, Boudesseul, Jordane, Marko, Dafne, Evans, Kortnee, Lewis, David M. G., Findor, Andrej, Landry, Anais Thibault, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon, Ortiz, Manuel S., Vally, Zahir, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Voracek, Martin, Lamm, Claus, Grinberg, Maurice, Li, Ranran, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, Mioni, Giovanna, Cellini, Nicola, Chen, Sau-Chin, Zickfeld, Janis, Moon, Karis, Azab, Habiba, Levy, Neil, Karababa, Alper, Beaudry, Jennifer L., Boucher, Leanne, Collins, W. Matthew, Todsen, Anna Louise, van Schie, Kevin, Vintr, Jáchym, Bavolar, Jozef, Kaliska, Lada, Križanić, Valerija, Samojlenko, Lara, Pourafshari, Razieh, Geiger, Sandra J., Beitner, Julia, Warmelink, Lara, Ross, Robert M., Stephen, Ian D., Hostler, Thomas J., Azouaghe, Soufian, McCarthy, Randy, Szala, Anna, Grano, Caterina, Solorzano, Claudio Singh, Anjum, Gulnaz, Jimenez-Leal, William, Bradford, Maria, Pérez, Laura Calderón, Cruz Vásquez, Julio E., Galindo-Caballero, Oscar J., Vargas-Nieto, Juan Camilo, Kácha, Ondřej, Arvanitis, Alexios, Xiao, Qinyu, Cárcamo, Rodrigo, Zorjan, Saša, Tajchman, Zuzanna, Vilares, Iris, Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Kunst, Jonas R., Tamnes, Christian K., von Bastian, Claudia C., Atari, Mohammad, Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Hricova, Monika, Kačmár, Pavol, Schrötter, Jana, Rahal, Rima-Maria, Cohen, Noga, FatahModares, Saeideh, Zrimsek, Miha, Zakharov, Ilya, Koehn, Monica A., Esteban-Serna, Celia, Calin-Jageman, Robert J., Krafnick, Anthony J., Štrukelj, Eva, Isager, Peder Mortvedt, Urban, Jan, Silva, Jaime R., Martončik, Marcel, Očovaj, Sanja Batić, Šakan, Dušana, Kuzminska, Anna O., Djordjevic, Jasna Milosevic, Almeida, Inês A. T., Ferreira, Ana, Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Manley, Harry, Ricaurte, Danilo Zambrano, Monteiro, Renan P., Etabari, Zahra, Musser, Erica, Dunleavy, Daniel, Chou, Weilun, Godbersen, Hendrik, Ruiz-Fernández, Susana, Reeck, Crystal, Batres, Carlota, Kirgizova, Komila, Muminov, Abdumalik, Azevedo, Flavio, Alvarez, Daniela Serrato, Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa, Lee, Jeong Min, Chen, Zhang, Verbruggen, Frederick, Ziano, Ignazio, Tümer, Murat, Charyate, Abdelilah C. A., Dubrov, Dmitrii, Tejada Rivera, María del Carmen M. C., Aberson, Christopher, Pálfi, Bence, Maldonado, Mónica Alarcón, Hubena, Barbora, Sacakli, Asli, Ceary, Chris D., Richard, Karley L., Singer, Gage, Perillo, Jennifer T., Ballantyne, Tonia, Cyrus-Lai, Wilson, Fedotov, Maksim, Du, Hongfei, Wielgus, Magdalena, Pit, Ilse L., Hruška, Matej, Sousa, Daniela, Aczel, Balazs, Hajdu, Nandor, Szaszi, Barnabas, Adamus, Sylwia, Barzykowski, Krystian, Micheli, Leticia, Schmidt, Nadya-Daniela, Zsido, Andras N., Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Muda, Rafał, Bialek, Michal, Kowal, Marta, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Misiak, Michal, Mola, Débora, Ortiz, María Victoria, Correa, Pablo Sebastián, Belaus, Anabel, Muchembled, Fany, Ribeiro, Rafael R., Arriaga, Patricia, Oliveira, Raquel, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Szwed, Paulina, Kossowska, Małgorzata, Czarnek, Gabriela, Kielińska, Julita, Antazo, Benedict, Betlehem, Ruben, Stieger, Stefan, Nilsonne, Gustav, Simonovic, Nicolle, Taber, Jennifer, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie, Domurat, Artur, Ihaya, Keiko, Yamada, Yuki, Urooj, Anum, Gill, Tripat, Čadek, Martin, Bylinina, Lisa, Messerschmidt, Johanna, Kurfalı, Murathan, Adetula, Adeyemi, Baklanova, Ekaterina, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Kappes, Heather B., Gjoneska, Biljana, House, Thea, Jones, Marc V., Berkessel, Jana B., Chopik, William J., Çoksan, Sami, Seehuus, Martin, Khaoudi, Ahmed, Bokkour, Ahmed, El Arabi, Kanza Ait, Djamai, Ikhlas, Iyer, Aishwarya, Parashar, Neha, Adiguzel, Arca, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Bundt, Carsten, Norton, James O., Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, De la Rosa-Gomez, Anabel, Ankushev, Vladislav, Bogatyreva, Natalia, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Ivanov, Aleksandr, Prusova, Irina, Romanova, Marina, Sarieva, Irena, Terskova, Maria, Hristova, Evgeniya, Kadreva, Veselina Hristova, Janak, Allison, Schei, Vidar, Sverdrup, Therese E., Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Pineda, Lina Maria Sanabria, Krupić, Dajana, Levitan, Carmel A., Johannes, Niklas, Ouherrou, Nihal, Say, Nicolas, Sinkolova, Sladjana, Janjić, Kristina, Stojanovska, Marija, Stojanovska, Dragana, Khosla, Meetu, Thomas, Andrew G., Kung, Franki Y. H., Bijlstra, Gijsbert, Mosannenzadeh, Farnaz, Balci, Busra Bahar, Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Baskin, Ernest, Ishkhanyan, Byurakn, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Dixson, Barnaby James Wyld, Moreau, David, Sutherland, Clare A. M., Chuan-Peng, Hu, Noone, Chris, Flowe, Heather, Anne, Michele, Janssen, Steve M. J., Topor, Marta, Majeed, Nadyanna M., Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Yu, Karen, Daches, Shimrit, Hartanto, Andree, Vdovic, Milica, Anton-Boicuk, Lisa, Forbes, Paul A. G., Kamburidis, Julia, Marinova, Evelina, Nedelcheva-Datsova, Mina, Rachev, Nikolay R., Stoyanova, Alina, Schmidt, Kathleen, Suchow, Jordan W., Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria, Jernsäther, Teodor, Olofsson, Jonas K., Bialobrzeska, Olga, Marszalek, Magdalena, Tatachari, Srinivasan, Afhami, Reza, Law, Wilbert, Antfolk, Jan, Žuro, Barbara, Van Doren, Natalia, Soto, Jose A., Searston, Rachel, Miranda, Jacob, Damnjanović, Kaja, Yeung, Siu Kit, Krupić, Dino, Hoyer, Karlijn, Jaeger, Bastian, Ren, Dongning, Pfuhl, Gerit, Klevjer, Kristoffer, Corral-Frías, Nadia S., Frias-Armenta, Martha, Lucas, Marc Y., Torres, Adriana Olaya, Toro, Mónica, Delgado, Lady Grey Javela, Vega, Diego, Solas, Sara Álvarez, Vilar, Roosevelt, Massoni, Sébastien, Frizzo, Thomas, Bran, Alexandre, Vaidis, David C., Vieira, Luc, Paris, Bastien, Capizzi, Mariagrazia, Coelho, Gabriel Lins de Holanda, Greenburgh, Anna, Whitt, Cassie M., Tullett, Alexa M., Du, Xinkai, Volz, Leonhard, Bosma, Minke Jasmijn, Karaarslan, Cemre, Sarıoğuz, Eylül, Allred, Tara Bulut, Korbmacher, Max, Colloff, Melissa F., Lima, Tiago J. S., Ribeiro, Matheus Fernando Felix, Verharen, Jeroen P. H., Karekla, Maria, Karashiali, Christiana, Sunami, Naoyuki, Jaremka, Lisa M., Storage, Daniel, Habib, Sumaiya, Studzinska, Anna, Hanel, Paul H. P., Holford, Dawn Liu, Sirota, Miroslav, Wolfe, Kelly, Chiu, Faith, Theodoropoulou, Andriana, Ahn, El Rim, Lin, Yijun, Westgate, Erin C., Brohmer, Hilmar, Hofer, Gabriela, Dujols, Olivier, Vezirian, Kevin, Feldman, Gilad, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Ahmed, Afroja, Li, Manyu, Bosch, Jasmijn, Torunsky, Nathan, Bai, Hui, Manavalan, Mathi, Song, Xin, Walczak, Radoslaw B., Zdybek, Przemysław, Friedemann, Maja, Rosa, Anna Dalla, Kozma, Luca, Alves, Sara G., Lins, Samuel, Pinto, Isabel R., Correia, Rita C., Babinčák, Peter, Banik, Gabriel, Rojas-Berscia, Luis Miguel, Varella, Marco A. C., Uttley, Jim, Beshears, Julie E., Thommesen, Katrine Krabbe, Behzadnia, Behzad, Geniole, Shawn N., Silan, Miguel A., Maturan, Princess Lovella G., Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Tran, Ulrich S., Izquierdo, Sara Morales, Mensink, Michael C., Sorokowski, Piotr, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Radtke, Theda, Adoric, Vera Cubela, Carpentier, Joelle, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Hedgebeth, Mattie V., Ishii, Tatsunori, Wichman, Aaron L., Röer, Jan Philipp, Ostermann, Thomas, Davis, William E., Suter, Lilian, Papachristopoulos, Konstantinos, Zabel, Chelsea, Onie, Sandersan, Ebersole, Charles R., Chartier, Christopher R., Mallik, Peter R., Urry, Heather L., Buchanan, Erin M., Coles, Nicholas A., Primbs, Maximilian A., Basnight-Brown, Dana M., IJzerman, Hans, Forscher, Patrick S., and Moshontz, Hannah

Published
2022
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23. Day-to-day associations between mindfulness and perceived stress: insights from random intercept cross-lagged panel modeling.

Author

Borghi, Olaf, Voracek, Martin, and Tran, Ulrich S.

Subjects
MINDFULNESS, SUBJECTIVE stress, PROTECTIVE factors
Abstract

Objective: Mindfulness is frequently seen as a protective factor of stress, but selfreport measures of mindfulness may overlap with other related constructs, such as mental health, and could thus not only be a predictor, but also an outcome of stress. This study thus aimed to examine the longitudinal bidirectional associations between the use and perceived helpfulness of the four mindfulness facets Observe, Describe, Nonjudge, and Nonreact with daily perceived stress. Methods: Participants from a large (N = 1,276) mixed student and community group sample filled out a brief daily diary over the time span of 7 days. Bidirectional cross-lagged effects were investigated using the random-intercept crosslagged panel model, an extension of the traditional cross-lagged panel model that allows to differentiate between stable between-unit differences and timevarying within-unit dynamics. In addition, we controlled for several baseline and sociodemographic confounders. Results: At the within-subject level, the use of Actaware was associated with higher perceived stress on the next day (β = 0.03, p = 0.029). The use (β = -0.04, p = 0.025) and perceived helpfulness (β = -0.05, p = 0.014) of Nonreact were associated with lower perceived stress on the next day. In turn, perceived stress was associated with lower perceived helpfulness of Describe (β = -0.04, p = 0.037) and Nonreact (β = -0.03, p = 0.038) on the next day. In addition, there were several residual correlations between mindfulness facets and perceived stress within days. At the between-subject level, there was a positive association between the random intercept of Describe and daily stress (r = 0.15, p = 0.003). In addition, while baseline perceived stress was negatively associated with the random intercepts of the mindfulness facets, two baseline components of mindfulness were not associated with the random intercept of perceived stress. Conclusion: On the currently investigated time scale, our results challenge prior results and assumptions regarding mindfulness as a buffering and protective factor against daily stress. With the exception of Nonreact, mindfulness was either positively associated with perceived stress, or in turn perceived stress appeared to interfere with the ability to stay mindful in daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS): Breast size dissatisfaction and its antecedents and outcomes in women from 40 nations

Author

Swami, Viren, Tran, Ulrich S., Barron, David, Afhami, Reza, Aimé, Annie, Almenara, Carlos A., Alp Dal, Nursel, Amaral, Ana Carolina Soares, Andrianto, Sonny, Anjum, Gulnaz, Argyrides, Marios, Atari, Mohammad, Aziz, Mudassar, Banai, Benjamin, Borowiec, Joanna, Brewis, Alexandra, Cakir Kocak, Yeliz, Campos, Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini, Carmona, Carmen, Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin, Chen, Hong, Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choompunuch, Bovornpot, Constantinos, Togas, Crumlish, Aine, Cruz, Julio Eduardo, Dalley, Simon E., Damayanti, Devi, Dare, Joanna, Donofrio, Stacey M., Draksler, Anja, Escasa-Dorne, Michelle, Fernandez, Elaine Frances, Ferreira, Maria Elisa Caputo, Frederick, David A., García, Antonio Alías, Geller, Shulamit, George, Alexias, Ghazieh, Louai, Goian, Cosmin, Gorman, Colin, Grano, Caterina, Handelzalts, Jonathan Eliahu, Horsburgh, Heather, Jackson, Todd, Javela Delgado, Lady Grey Javela, Jović, Marija, Jović, Marko, Kantanista, Adam, Kertechian, Sevag K., Kessels, Loes, Król-Zielińska, Magdalena, Kuan, Garry, Kueh, Yee Cheng, Kumar, Sanjay, Kvalem, Ingela Lundin, Lombardo, Caterina, Luis López Almada, Ernesto, Maïano, Christophe, Manjary, Mandar, Massar, Karlijn, Matera, Camilla, Mereiles, Juliana F. Figueiras, Meskó, Norbert, Namatame, Hikari, Nerini, Amanda, Neto, Felix, Neto, Joana, Neves, Angela Nogueira, Ng, Siu-Kuen, Nithiya, Devi R., Omar, Salma Samir, Omori, Mika, Panasiti, Maria Serena, Pavela Banai, Irena, Pila, Eva, Pokrajac-Bulian, Alessandra, Postuvan, Vita, Prichard, Ivanka, Razmus, Magdalena, Sabiston, Catherine M., Sahlan, Reza N., Sarfo, Jacob Owusu, Sawamiya, Yoko, Stieger, Stefan, SturtzSreetharan, Cindi, Tee, Eugene, ten Hoor, Gill A., Thongpibul, Kulvadee, Tipandjan, Arun, Tudorel, Otilia, Tylka, Tracy, Vally, Zahir, Vargas-Nieto, Juan Camilo, Vega, Luis Diego, Vidal-Mollón, Jose, Vintila, Mona, Williams, Deborah, Wutich, Amber, Yamamiya, Yuko, Zambrano, Danilo, Zanetti, Marcelo Callegari, Živčić-Bećirević, Ivanka, and Voracek, Martin

Published
2020
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26. To which world regions does the valence–dominance model of social perception apply?

Author

Jones, Benedict C., DeBruine, Lisa M., Flake, Jessica K., Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Antfolk, Jan, Arinze, Nwadiogo C., Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Bloxsom, Nicholas G., Lewis, Savannah C., Foroni, Francesco, Willis, Megan L., Cubillas, Carmelo P., Vadillo, Miguel A., Turiegano, Enrique, Gilead, Michael, Simchon, Almog, Saribay, S. Adil, Owsley, Nicholas C., Jang, Chaning, Mburu, Georgina, Calvillo, Dustin P., Wlodarczyk, Anna, Qi, Yue, Ariyabuddhiphongs, Kris, Jarukasemthawee, Somboon, Manley, Harry, Suavansri, Panita, Taephant, Nattasuda, Stolier, Ryan M., Evans, Thomas R., Bonick, Judson, Lindemans, Jan W., Ashworth, Logan F., Hahn, Amanda C., Chevallier, Coralie, Kapucu, Aycan, Karaaslan, Aslan, Leongómez, Juan David, Sánchez, Oscar R., Valderrama, Eugenio, Vásquez-Amézquita, Milena, Hajdu, Nandor, Aczel, Balazs, Szecsi, Peter, Andreychik, Michael, Musser, Erica D., Batres, Carlota, Hu, Chuan-Peng, Liu, Qing-Lan, Legate, Nicole, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Barzykowski, Krystian, Golik, Karolina, Schmid, Irina, Stieger, Stefan, Artner, Richard, Mues, Chiel, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Jiang, Zhongqing, Wu, Qi, Marcu, Gabriela M., Stephen, Ian D., Lu, Jackson G., Philipp, Michael C., Arnal, Jack D., Hehman, Eric, Xie, Sally Y., Chopik, William J., Seehuus, Martin, Azouaghe, Soufian, Belhaj, Abdelkarim, Elouafa, Jamal, Wilson, John P., Kruse, Elliott, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, De La Rosa-Gómez, Anabel, Barba-Sánchez, Alan E., González-Santoyo, Isaac, Hsu, Tsuyueh, Kung, Chun-Chia, Wang, Hsiao-Hsin, Freeman, Jonathan B., Oh, Dong Won, Schei, Vidar, Sverdrup, Therese E., Levitan, Carmel A., Cook, Corey L., Chandel, Priyanka, Kujur, Pratibha, Parganiha, Arti, Parveen, Noorshama, Pati, Atanu Kumar, Pradhan, Sraddha, Singh, Margaret M., Pande, Babita, Bavolar, Jozef, Kačmár, Pavol, Zakharov, Ilya, Álvarez-Solas, Sara, Baskin, Ernest, Thirkettle, Martin, Schmidt, Kathleen, Christopherson, Cody D., Leonis, Trinity, Suchow, Jordan W., Olofsson, Jonas K., Jernsäther, Teodor, Lee, Ai-Suan, Beaudry, Jennifer L., Gogan, Taylor D., Oldmeadow, Julian A., Balas, Benjamin, Stevens, Laura M., Colloff, Melissa F., Flowe, Heather D., Gülgöz, Sami, Brandt, Mark J., Hoyer, Karlijn, Jaeger, Bastian, Ren, Dongning, Sleegers, Willem W. A., Wissink, Joeri, Kaminski, Gwenaël, Floerke, Victoria A., Urry, Heather L., Chen, Sau-Chin, Pfuhl, Gerit, Vally, Zahir, Basnight-Brown, Dana M., Jzerman, Hans I., Sarda, Elisa, Neyroud, Lison, Badidi, Touhami, Van der Linden, Nicolas, Tan, Chrystalle B. Y., Kovic, Vanja, Sampaio, Waldir, Ferreira, Paulo, Santos, Diana, Burin, Debora I., Gardiner, Gwendolyn, Protzko, John, Schild, Christoph, Ścigała, Karolina A., Zettler, Ingo, O’Mara Kunz, Erin M., Storage, Daniel, Wagemans, Fieke M. A., Saunders, Blair, Sirota, Miroslav, Sloane, Guyan V., Lima, Tiago J. S., Uittenhove, Kim, Vergauwe, Evie, Jaworska, Katarzyna, Stern, Julia, Ask, Karl, van Zyl, Casper J. J., Körner, Anita, Weissgerber, Sophia C., Boudesseul, Jordane, Ruiz-Dodobara, Fernando, Ritchie, Kay L., Michalak, Nicholas M., Blake, Khandis R., White, David, Gordon-Finlayson, Alasdair R., Anne, Michele, Janssen, Steve M. J., Lee, Kean Mun, Nielsen, Tonje K., Tamnes, Christian K., Zickfeld, Janis H., Rosa, Anna Dalla, Vianello, Michelangelo, Kocsor, Ferenc, Kozma, Luca, Putz, Ádám, Tressoldi, Patrizio, Irrazabal, Natalia, Chatard, Armand, Lins, Samuel, Pinto, Isabel R., Lutz, Johannes, Adamkovic, Matus, Babincak, Peter, Baník, Gabriel, Ropovik, Ivan, Coetzee, Vinet, Dixson, Barnaby J. W., Ribeiro, Gianni, Peters, Kim, Steffens, Niklas K., Tan, Kok Wei, Thorstenson, Christopher A., Fernandez, Ana Maria, Hsu, Rafael M. C. S., Valentova, Jaroslava V., Varella, Marco A. C., Corral-Frías, Nadia S., Frías-Armenta, Martha, Hatami, Javad, Monajem, Arash, Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Frohlich, Brooke, Lin, Hause, Inzlicht, Michael, Alaei, Ravin, Rule, Nicholas O., Lamm, Claus, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Voracek, Martin, Olsen, Jerome, Giolla, Erik Mac, Akgoz, Aysegul, Özdoğru, Asil A., Crawford, Matthew T., Bennett-Day, Brooke, Koehn, Monica A., Okan, Ceylan, Gill, Tripat, Miller, Jeremy K., Dunham, Yarrow, Yang, Xin, Alper, Sinan, Borras-Guevara, Martha Lucia, Cai, Sun Jun, Tiantian, Dong, Danvers, Alexander F., Feinberg, David R., Armstrong, Marie M., Gilboa-Schechtman, Eva, McCarthy, Randy J., Muñoz-Reyes, Jose Antonio, Polo, Pablo, Shiramazu, Victor K. M., Yan, Wen-Jing, Carvalho, Lilian, Forscher, Patrick S., Chartier, Christopher R., and Coles, Nicholas A.

Published
2021
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27. Publisher Correction: Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample

Author

Bago, Bence, Kovacs, Marton, Protzko, John, Nagy, Tamas, Kekecs, Zoltan, Palfi, Bence, Adamkovic, Matus, Adamus, Sylwia, Albalooshi, Sumaya, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Alfian, Ilham N., Alper, Sinan, Alvarez-Solas, Sara, Alves, Sara G., Amaya, Santiago, Andresen, Pia K., Anjum, Gulnaz, Ansari, Daniel, Arriaga, Patrícia, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R., Arvanitis, Alexios, Babincak, Peter, Barzykowski, Krystian, Bashour, Bana, Baskin, Ernest, Batalha, Luisa, Batres, Carlota, Bavolar, Jozef, Bayrak, Fatih, Becker, Benjamin, Becker, Maja, Belaus, Anabel, Białek, Michał, Bilancini, Ennio, Boller, Daniel, Boncinelli, Leonardo, Boudesseul, Jordane, Brown, Benjamin T., Buchanan, Erin M., Butt, Muhammad M., Calvillo, Dustin P., Carnes, Nate C., Celniker, Jared B., Chartier, Christopher R., Chopik, William J., Chotikavan, Poom, Chuan-Peng, Hu, Clancy, Rockwell F., Çoker, Ogeday, Correia, Rita C., Adoric, Vera Cubela, Cubillas, Carmelo P., Czoschke, Stefan, Daryani, Yalda, de Grefte, Job A. M., de Vries, Wieteke C., Burak, Elif G. Demirag, Dias, Carina, Dixson, Barnaby J. W., Du, Xinkai, Dumančić, Francesca, Dumbravă, Andrei, Dutra, Natalia B., Enachescu, Janina, Esteban-Serna, Celia, Eudave, Luis, Evans, Thomas R., Feldman, Gilad, Felisberti, Fatima M., Fiedler, Susann, Findor, Andrej, Fleischmann, Alexandra, Foroni, Francesco, Francová, Radka, Frank, Darius-Aurel, Fu, Cynthia H. Y., Gao, Shan, Ghasemi, Omid, Ghazi-Noori, Ali-Reza, Ghossainy, Maliki E., Giammusso, Isabella, Gill, Tripat, Gjoneska, Biljana, Gollwitzer, Mario, Graton, Aurélien, Grinberg, Maurice, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Harris, Elizabeth A., Hartanto, Andree, Hassan, Widad A. N. M., Hatami, Javad, Heimark, Katrina R., Hidding, Jasper J. J., Hristova, Evgeniya, Hruška, Matej, Hudson, Charlotte A., Huskey, Richard, Ikeda, Ayumi, Inbar, Yoel, Ingram, Gordon P. D., Isler, Ozan, Isloi, Chris, Iyer, Aishwarya, Jaeger, Bastian, Janssen, Steve M. J., Jiménez-Leal, William, Jokić, Biljana, Kačmár, Pavol, Kadreva, Veselina, Kaminski, Gwenaël, Karimi-Malekabadi, Farzan, Kasper, Arno T. A., Kendrick, Keith M., Kennedy, Bradley J., Kocalar, Halil E., Kodapanakkal, Rabia I., Kowal, Marta, Kruse, Elliott, Kučerová, Lenka, Kühberger, Anton, Kuzminska, Anna O., Lalot, Fanny, Lamm, Claus, Lammers, Joris, Lange, Elke B., Lantian, Anthony, Lau, Ivy Y.-M., Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Leliveld, Marijke C., Lenz, Jennifer N., Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Savannah C., Li, Manyu, Li, Yansong, Li, Haozheng, Lima, Tiago J. S., Lins, Samuel, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Lopes, Paula, Lu, Jackson G., Lynds, Trent, Máčel, Martin, Mackinnon, Sean P., Maganti, Madhavilatha, Magraw-Mickelson, Zoe, Magson, Leon F., Manley, Harry, Marcu, Gabriela M., Seršić, Darja Masli, Matibag, Celine-Justine, Mattiassi, Alan D. A., Mazidi, Mahdi, McFall, Joseph P., McLatchie, Neil, Mensink, Michael C., Miketta, Lena, Milfont, Taciano L., Mirisola, Alberto, Misiak, Michal, Mitkidis, Panagiotis, Moeini-Jazani, Mehrad, Monajem, Arash, Moreau, David, Musser, Erica D., Narhetali, Erita, Ochoa, Danielle P., Olsen, Jerome, Owsley, Nicholas C., Özdoğru, Asil A., Panning, Miriam, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Parashar, Neha, Pärnamets, Philip, Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Parzuchowski, Michal, Paterlini, Julia V., Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Peker, Mehmet, Peters, Kim, Piatnitckaia, Liudmila, Pinto, Isabel, Policarpio, Monica Renee, Pop-Jordanova, Nada, Pratama, Annas J., Primbs, Maximilian A., Pronizius, Ekaterina, Purić, Danka, Puvia, Elisa, Qamari, Vahid, Qian, Kun, Quiamzade, Alain, Ráczová, Beáta, Reinero, Diego A., Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Reyna, Cecilia, Reynolds, Kimberly, Ribeiro, Matheus F. F., Röer, Jan P., Ross, Robert M., Roussos, Petros, Ruiz-Dodobara, Fernando, Ruiz-Fernandez, Susana, Rutjens, Bastiaan T., Rybus, Katarzyna, Samekin, Adil, Santos, Anabela C., Say, Nicolas, Schild, Christoph, Schmidt, Kathleen, Ścigała, Karolina A., Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Shi, Jiaxin, Shi, Yaoxi, Sievers, Erin, Sirota, Miroslav, Slipenkyj, Michael, Solak, Çağlar, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Sorokowski, Piotr, Söylemez, Sinem, Steffens, Niklas K., Stephen, Ian D., Sternisko, Anni, Stevens-Wilson, Laura, Stewart, Suzanne L. K., Stieger, Stefan, Storage, Daniel, Strube, Justine, Susa, Kyle J., Szekely-Copîndean, Raluca D., Szostak, Natalia M., Takwin, Bagus, Tatachari, Srinivasan, Thomas, Andrew G., Tiede, Kevin E., Tiong, Lucas E., Tonković, Mirjana, Trémolière, Bastien, Tunstead, Lauren V., Türkan, Belgüzar N., Twardawski, Mathias, Vadillo, Miguel A., Vally, Zahir, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Verschuere, Bruno, Vlašiček, Denis, Voracek, Martin, Vranka, Marek A., Wang, Shuzhen, West, Skye-Loren, Whyte, Stephen, Wilton, Leigh S., Wlodarczyk, Anna, Wu, Xue, Xin, Fei, Yadanar, Su, Yama, Hiroshi, Yamada, Yuki, Yilmaz, Onurcan, Yoon, Sangsuk, Young, Danielle M., Zakharov, Ilya, Zein, Rizqy A., Zettler, Ingo, Žeželj, Iris L., Zhang, Don C., Zhang, Jin, Zheng, Xiaoxiao, Hoekstra, Rink, and Aczel, Balazs

Published
2022
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31. Mindfulness Predicts Mind Wandering and Differentially Affects Its Controllability in Everyday Life.

Author

Normann, Agatha, Voracek, Martin, and Tran, Ulrich S.

Abstract

It is currently unresolved whether control, or its lack, over mind wandering contributes to its associations with creativity. Mind wandering and mindfulness are seen as opposing constructs concerning the ability to remain undistracted and, at the same time, appear to have a complex relationship with one another and with creativity. This study investigated the influence of control on novelty and usefulness of thought content during mind wandering in everyday life, controlling for mindfulness, creativity, and momentary mood. One thousand twenty-five thought probes of 41 healthy young adults were collected over the course of one week. The mindfulness facet acting with awareness and higher originality predicted less mind wandering. Acting with awareness also predicted higher, but nonreactivity to inner experience and creative production lower, momentary control. Momentary control was lower among women than men and positively associated with usefulness, but not novelty, of thoughts. Creativity did not moderate these associations. Habitual spontaneous mind wandering predicted lower usefulness and novelty of thoughts. These results highlight the need to distinguish controlled and uncontrolled mind wandering and the facets of mindfulness in this field of inquiry. Future research should focus on the contents and processes of mind wandering to further disentangle its adaptive and maladaptive consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. Brief assessment of schizotypal traits: A multinational study

Author

Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Ortuño-Sierra, Javier, Lucas-Molina, Beatriz, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond C.K., Cicero, David C., Zhang, Lisa C., Brenner, Colleen, Barkus, Emma, Linscott, Richard J., Kwapil, Thomas, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Cohen, Alex, Raine, Adrian, Compton, Michael T., Tone, Erin B., Suhr, Julie, Bobes, Julio, Fumero, Axit, Giakoumaki, Stella, Tsaousis, Ioannis, Preti, Antonio, Chmielewski, Michael, Laloyaux, Julien, Mechri, Anwar, Lahmar, Mohamed Aymen, Wuthrich, Viviana, Larøi, Frank, Badcock, Johanna C., Jablensky, Assen, Barron, David, Swami, Viren, Tran, Ulrich S., and Voracek, Martin

Published
2018
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40. Measurement-Invariant Fluid Anti-Flynn Effects in Population—Representative German Student Samples (2012–2022).

Author

Oberleiter, Sandra, Patzl, Sabine, Fries, Jonathan, Diedrich, Jennifer, Voracek, Martin, and Pietschnig, Jakob

Subjects
CRYSTALLIZED intelligence, INTELLIGENCE tests, SECONDARY school students, CONFIRMATORY factor analysis, FLUIDS, INTELLIGENCE levels
Abstract

Generational IQ test scores in the general population were observed to increase over time (i.e., the Flynn effect) across most of the 1900s. However, according to more recent reports, Flynn effect patterns have seemingly become less consistent. So far, most available evidence on this phenomenon has been categorized by drawing on the classic fluid vs. crystallized intelligence taxonomy. However, recent evidence suggests that subdomain-specific trajectories of IQ change may well be more complex. Here, we present evidence for cross-temporal changes in measurement-invariant figural reasoning tasks in three large-scale, population-representative samples of German secondary school students (total N = 19,474). Analyses revealed a consistent pattern of significant and meaningful declines in performance from 2012 to 2022. Results indicate a decrease in figural reasoning of 4.68 to 5.17 IQ points per decade (corresponding to small-to-medium effects, Cohen ds from 0.34 to 0.38). These findings may be interpreted as tentative evidence for a decreasing strength of the positive manifold of intelligence as a potential cause of the increasing number of recent reports about inconsistent IQ change trajectories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Finding Your Way out of the Forest without a Trail of Bread Crumbs: Development and Evaluation of Two Novel Displays of Forest Plots

Author

Schild, Anne H. E. and Voracek, Martin

Abstract

Research has shown that forest plots are a gold standard in the visualization of meta-analytic results. However, research on the general interpretation of forest plots and the role of researchers' meta-analysis experience and field of study is still unavailable. Additionally, the traditional display of effect sizes, confidence intervals, and weights have repeatedly been criticized. The current work presents an online statistical cognition experiment in which a total of 279 researchers with experience in meta-analysis from 36 countries evaluated conventional forest plots and two novel versions of forest plots, namely, thick forest plots and rainforest plots. The results indicate certain biases in the interpretation of forest plots, especially with regard to heterogeneity, the distribution of weights, and the theoretical concept of confidence intervals. Although the two novel displays (thick forest plots and rainforest plots) are associated with slightly longer viewing times, they are at least as well-suited and esthetically and perceptively pleasing as the conventional displays while facilitating the correct and exhaustive interpretation of the meta-analytic information. Furthermore, it is advisable to combine conventional forest plots with distribution information of the individual effects, make confidence lines more visually striking, and to display a background grid in the graph.

Published
2015
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44. The Influence of Age, Gender and Education on Neuropsychological Test Scores: Updated Clinical Norms for Five Widely Used Cognitive Assessments.

Author

Scheffels, Jannik F., Ballasch, Isabell, Scheichel, Nadine, Voracek, Martin, Kalbe, Elke, and Kessler, Josef

Subjects
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests, TRAIL Making Test, TEST scoring, CLINICAL neuropsychology, MINI-Mental State Examination, MULTIPLE regression analysis
Abstract

Background: Sociodemographic effects (i.e., age, gender, education) have been shown to influence neuropsychological test scores. The current retrospective, quasi-epidemiological work provides age-, gender- and education-corrected clinical norms for five common cognitive assessments. Methods: In total, test scores of 4968 patients from the University Hospital of Cologne (Department of Neurology), recruited between 2009 and 2020, were analyzed retrospectively. Conducted tests were the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), F-A-S Test (FAS), Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCFT) and Trail Making Test, Part A and B (TMT-A/-B). Using multiple linear regression analyses, test scores were analyzed for sociodemographic influences (age, gender, education). Based on these analyses, norms were generated by first separating patients into different age groups stratified by educational level and (if necessary) gender. Subsequently, percentile ranks and z-scores for a subsample including only individuals without dementia were calculated. Results: Lower age and higher educational level predicted better test scores (MMSE, FAS, ROCFT) and completion times (TMT-A/-B). Additionally, produced words on the FAS and remembered drawings from the ROCFT were influenced by gender, with females having better FAS but lower ROCFT (delayed recall) scores than males. Considering these effects, clinical norms were provided for the five cognitive assessments. Conclusions: We found influences of age, gender and education on test scores, although they are frequently not or only partially considered for test score interpretation. With the provided norms, neuropsychologists can make more profound evaluations of cognitive performance. A user-friendly Microsoft Excel file is offered to assist this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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45. The fraternal birth-order effect as a statistical artefact: convergent evidence from probability calculus, simulated data, and multiverse meta-analysis.

Author

Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Kossmeier, Michael, Voracek, Martin, and Tran, Ulrich S.

Subjects
GAY men, FAMILY size, CALCULUS, HETEROSEXUAL women, PROBABILITY theory, INFERENCE (Logic), SEXUAL attraction
Abstract

The fraternal-birth order effect (FBOE) is a research claim which states that each older brother increases the odds of homosexual orientation in men via an immunoreactivity process known as the maternal immune hypothesis. Importantly, older sisters supposedly either do not affect these odds, or affect them to a lesser extent. Consequently, the fraternal birth-order effect predicts that the association between the number of older brothers and homosexual orientation in men is greater in magnitude than any association between the number of older sisters and homosexual orientation. This difference in magnitude represents the main theoretical estimand of the FBOE. In addition, no comparable effects should be observable among homosexual vs heterosexual women. Here, we triangulate the empirical foundations of the FBOE from three distinct, informative perspectives, complementing each other: first, drawing on basic probability calculus, we deduce mathematically that the body of statistical evidence used to make inferences about the main theoretical estimand of the FBOE rests on incorrect statistical reasoning. In particular, we show that throughout the literature researchers ascribe to the false assumptions that effects of family size should be adjusted for and that this could be achieved through the use of ratio variables. Second, using a data-simulation approach, we demonstrate that by using currently recommended statistical practices, researchers are bound to frequently draw incorrect conclusions. And third, we re-examine the empirical evidence of the fraternal birth-order effect in men and women by using a novel specification-curve and multiverse approach to meta-analysis (64 male and 17 female samples, N = 2,778,998). When analyzed correctly, the specific association between the number of older brothers and homosexual orientation is small, heterogenous in magnitude, and apparently not specific to men. In addition, existing research evidence seems to be exaggerated by small-study effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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46. Are Speeded Tests Unfair? Modeling the Impact of Time Limits on the Gender Gap in Mathematics.

Author

Stoevenbelt, Andrea H., Wicherts, Jelte M., Flore, Paulette C., Phillips, Lorraine A. T., Pietschnig, Jakob, Verschuere, Bruno, Voracek, Martin, and Schwabe, Inga

Subjects
GENDER role, TIME, RESEARCH methodology, WOMEN, MATHEMATICS, SEX distribution, STEREOTYPES, ACADEMIC achievement, COMPARATIVE studies, ACHIEVEMENT tests, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, STATISTICAL models, EVALUATION
Abstract

When cognitive and educational tests are administered under time limits, tests may become speeded and this may affect the reliability and validity of the resulting test scores. Prior research has shown that time limits may create or enlarge gender gaps in cognitive and academic testing. On average, women complete fewer items than men when a test is administered with a strict time limit, whereas gender gaps are frequently reduced when time limits are relaxed. In this study, we propose that gender differences in test strategy might inflate gender gaps favoring men, and relate test strategy to stereotype threat effects under which women underperform due to the pressure of negative stereotypes about their performance. First, we applied a Bayesian two-dimensional item response theory (IRT) model to data obtained from two registered reports that investigated stereotype threat in mathematics, and estimated the latent correlation between underlying test strategy (here, completion factor, a proxy for working speed) and mathematics ability. Second, we tested the gender gap and assessed potential effects of stereotype threat on female test performance. We found a positive correlation between the completion factor and mathematics ability, such that more able participants dropped out later in the test. We did not observe a stereotype threat effect but found larger gender differences on the latent completion factor than on latent mathematical ability, suggesting that test strategies affect the gender gap in timed mathematics performance. We argue that if the effect of time limits on tests is not taken into account, this may lead to test unfairness and biased group comparisons, and urge researchers to consider these effects in either their analyses or study planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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