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With the increased use of automated systems, the Internet of Things (IoT), and sensors for real-time water quality monitoring, there is a greater requirement for the timely detection of unexpected values. Technical faults can introduce anomalies, and a large incoming data rate might make the manual detection of erroneous data difficult. This research introduces and applies a pioneering technology, Multivariate Multiple Convolutional Networks with Long Short-Term Memory (MCN-LSTM), to real-time water quality monitoring. MCN-LSTM is a cutting-edge deep learning technology designed to address the difficulty of detecting anomalies in complicated time series data, particularly in monitoring water quality in a real-world setting. The growing reliance on automated systems, the Internet of Things (IoT), and sensor networks for continuous water quality monitoring is driving the development and deployment of the MCN-LSTM approach. As these technologies become more widely used, the rapid and precise identification of unexpected or aberrant data points becomes critical. Technical difficulties, inherent noise, and a high data influx pose significant hurdles to manual anomaly detection processes. The MCN-LSTM technique takes advantage of deep learning by integrating Multiple Convolutional Networks and Long Short-Term Memory networks. This combination of approaches offers efficient and effective anomaly detection in multivariate time series data, allowing for identifying and flagging unexpected patterns or values that may signal water quality issues. Water quality data anomalies can have far-reaching repercussions, influencing future analyses and leading to incorrect judgments. Anomaly identification must be precise to avoid inaccurate findings and ensure the integrity of water quality tests. Extensive tests were carried out to validate the MCN-LSTM technique utilizing real-world information obtained from sensors installed in water quality monitoring scenarios. The results of these studies proved MCN-LSTM's outstanding efficacy, with an impressive accuracy rate of 92.3%. This high level of precision demonstrates the technique's capacity to discriminate between normal and abnormal data instances in real time. The MCN-LSTM technique is a big step forward in water quality monitoring. It can improve decision-making processes and reduce adverse outcomes caused by undetected abnormalities. This unique technique has significant promise for defending human health and maintaining the environment in an era of increased reliance on automated monitoring systems and IoT technology by contributing to the safety and sustainability of water supplies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To avoid overloading a network, it is critical to continuously monitor the natural environment and disseminate data streams in synchronization. Based on self-maintaining technology, this study presents a technique called self-configuration management (SCM). The purpose is to ensure consistency in the performance, functionality, and physical attributes of a wireless sensor network (WSN) over its lifetime. During device communication, the SCM approach delivers an operational software package for the radio board of system problematic nodes. We offered two techniques to help cluster heads manage autonomous configuration. First, we created a separate capability to determine which defective devices require the operating system (OS) replica. The software package was then delivered from the head node to the network's malfunctioning device via communication roles. Second, we built an autonomous capability to automatically install software packages and arrange the time. The simulations revealed that the suggested technique was quick in transfers and used less energy. It also provided better coverage of system fault peaks than competitors. We used the proposed SCM approach to distribute homogenous sensor networks, and it increased system fault tolerance to 93.2%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Road maintenance systems (RMS) are crucial for maintaining safe and efficient road networks. The impact of climate change on road maintenance systems is a concern as it makes them more susceptible to weather events and subsequent damages. To tackle this issue, we propose an RMSDC (Road Maintenance Systems Using Deep Learning and Climate Adaptation) technique to improve road maintenance systems based on Deep learning and Climate Adaptation. RMSDC aims to use the multivariate classification technique and divides the dataset into training and test datasets. The RMSDC combines Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (ConvLSTM) techniques with road weather information and sensor data. However, in emerging nations, the effects of climate change are already apparent, which makes road networks particularly susceptible to extreme weather, floods, and landslides. Therefore, climate adaptation of road networks is essential, especially in developing nations with limited financial resources. To address this issue, we propose an intelligent and effective RMSDC that utilizes deep learning algorithms based on climate change predictions. The ConvLSTM block effectively captures the relationship between input features over time to calculate the root-mean deviation (RMSD). We evaluate RMSDC performance against frameworks for downscaling climate variables using two metrics: root-mean-square error (RMSE) and mean absolute difference. Through real evaluations, RMSDC consistently outperforms approaches with a reduced RMSE of 0.26. These quantitative results highlight how effective RMSDC is in addressing maintenance systems on road networks leading to proactive road maintenance strategies that enhance traffic safety, reduce costs, and improve environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People who are deaf or have difficulty speaking use sign language, which consists of hand gestures with particular motions that symbolize the "language" they are communicating. A gesture in a sign language is a particular movement of the hands with a specific shape from the fingers and whole hand. In this paper, we present an Intelligent for Deaf/Dumb People approach in real time based on Deep Learning using Gloves (IDLG). The approach IDLG offers scientific contributions based deep-learning, a multimode command techniques, real-time, and effective use, and high accuracy rates. For this purpose, smart gloves working in real time were designed. The data obtained from the gloves was processed using deep-learning-based approaches and classified multi-mode commands that allow dumb people to speak with regular people via their smart phone. Internally, the glove has five flex sensors and an accelerometer using to achieve Low-Cost Control System. The flex sensor generates a proportional change in resistance for each individual move. The processing of these hand gestures is in Atmega32A Microcontroller which is an advance version of the microcontroller and the lab view software. IDLG compares the input signal to memory-stored specified voltage values. The performance of the IDLG approach was verified on a dataset created using different hand gestures from 20 different people. In the test using the IDLG approach on 10,000 data points, process time performance of milliseconds was achieved with 97% accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, COVID-19 is spreading all over the world and profoundly impacting people's lives and economic activities. In this paper, a novel approach called the COVID-19 Quantum Neural Network (CQNN) for predicting the severity of COVID-19 in patients is proposed. It consists of two phases: In the first, the most distinct subset of features in a dataset is identified using a Quick Reduct Feature Selection (QRFS) method to improve its classification performance; and, in the second, machine learning is used to train the quantum neural network to classify the risk. It is found that patients' serial blood counts (their numbers of lymphocytes from days 1 to 15 after admission to hospital) are associated with relapse rates and evaluations of COVID-19 infections. Accordingly, the severity of COVID- 19 is classified in two categories, serious and non-serious. The experimental results indicate that the proposed CQNN's prediction approach outperforms those of other classification algorithms and its high accuracy confirms its effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a revolutionary design paradigm for monitoring aquatic life. This unique methodology addresses issues such as limited memory, insufficient bandwidth, and excessive noise levels by combining two approaches to create a comprehensive predictive filtration system, as well as multiple-transfer route analysis. This work focuses on proposing a novel filtration learning approach for underwater sensor nodes. This model was created by merging two adaptive filters, the finite impulse response (FIR) and the adaptive line enhancer (ALE). The FIR integrated filter eliminates unwanted noise from the signal by obtaining a linear response phase and passes the signal without distortion. The goal of the ALE filter is to properly separate the noise signal from the measured signal, resulting in the signal of interest. The cluster head level filters are the adaptive cuckoo filter (ACF) and the Kalman filter. The ACF assesses whether an emitter node is part of a set or not. The Kalman filter improves the estimation of state values for a dynamic underwater sensor networking system. It uses distributed learning long short-term memory (LSTM-CNN) technology to ensure that the anticipated value of the square of the gap between the prediction and the correct state is the smallest possible. Compared to prior methods, our suggested deep filtering-learning model achieved 98.5% of the sensory filtration method in the majority of the obtained data and close to 99.1% of an adaptive prediction method, while also consuming little energy during lengthy monitoring.

The explosive growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has highlighted the urgent need for strong network security measures. The distinctive difficulties presented by Internet of Things (IoT) environments, such as the wide variety of devices, the intricacy of network traffic, and the requirement for real-time detection capabilities, are difficult for conventional intrusion detection systems (IDS) to adjust to. To address these issues, we propose DCGR_IoT, an innovative intrusion detection system (IDS) based on deep neural learning that is intended to protect bidirectional communication networks in the IoT environment. DCGR_IoT employs advanced techniques to enhance anomaly detection capabilities. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are used for spatial feature extraction and superfluous data are filtered to improve computing efficiency. Furthermore, complex gated recurrent networks (CGRNs) are used for the temporal feature extraction module, which is utilized by DCGR_IoT. Furthermore, DCGR_IoT harnesses complex gated recurrent networks (CGRNs) to construct multidimensional feature subsets, enabling a more detailed spatial representation of network traffic and facilitating the extraction of critical features that are essential for intrusion detection. The effectiveness of the DCGR_IoT was proven through extensive evaluations of the UNSW-NB15, KDDCup99, and IoT-23 datasets, which resulted in a high detection accuracy of 99.2%. These results demonstrate the DCG potential of DCGR-IoT as an effective solution for defending IoT networks against sophisticated cyber-attacks.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most critical heart diseases. Accurate analytics for real-time heart disease is significant. This paper sought to develop a smart healthcare framework (SHDML) by using deep and machine learning techniques based on optimization stochastic gradient descent (SGD) to predict the presence of heart disease. The SHDML framework consists of two stage, the first stage of SHDML is able to monitor the heart beat rate condition of a patient. The SHDML framework to monitor patients in real-time has been developed using an ATmega32 Microcontroller to determine heartbeat rate per minute pulse rate sensors. The developed SHDML framework is able to broadcast the acquired sensor data to a Firebase Cloud database every 20 seconds. The smart application is infectious in regard to displaying the sensor data. The second stage of SHDML has been used in medical decision support systems to predict and diagnose heart diseases. Deep or machine learning techniques were ported to the smart application to analyze user data and predict CVDs in real-time. Two different methods of deep and machine learning techniques were checked for their performances. The deep and machine learning techniques were trained and tested using widely used open-access dataset. The proposed SHDML framework had very good performance with an accuracy of 0.99, sensitivity of 0.94, specificity of 0.85, and F1-score of 0.87., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. In other words, there are no financial or personal relationships (including serving as a PeerJ Editor for our research) to declare., (© 2021 Elwahsh et al.)