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It is always a great challenge to distinguish high-grade glioma (HGG) from primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the performance of MR perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) in differentiating HGG from PCNSL. The heterogeneity and threshold effect were evaluated, and the sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE) and areas under summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) were calculated. Fourteen studies with a total of 598 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results indicated that PWI had a high level of accuracy (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.9415) for differentiating HGG from PCNSL by using the best parameter from each study. The dynamic susceptibility-contrast (DSC) technique might be an optimal index for distinguishing HGGs from PCNSLs (AUC = 0.9812). Furthermore, the DSC had the best sensitivity 0.963 (95%CI: 0.924, 0.986), whereas the arterial spin-labeling (ASL) displayed the best specificity 0.896 (95% CI: 0.781, 0.963) among those techniques. However, the variability of the optimal thresholds from the included studies suggests that further evaluation and standardization are needed before the techniques can be extensively clinically used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a powerful tool for preoperative grading of gliomas. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic performance of MRS in differentiating high-grade gliomas (HGGs) from low-grade gliomas (LGGs).Methods: PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched for relevant studies of glioma grading assessed by MRS through 27 March 2015. Based on the data from eligible studies, pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio and areas under summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) of different metabolite ratios were obtained.Results: Thirty articles comprising a total sample size of 1228 patients were included in our meta-analysis. Quantitative synthesis of studies showed that the pooled sensitivity/specificity of Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA and NAA/Cr ratios was 0.75/0.60, 0.80/0.76 and 0.71/0.70, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of the SROC was 0.83, 0.87 and 0.78, respectively.Conclusions: MRS demonstrated moderate diagnostic performance in distinguishing HGGs from LGGs using tumoural metabolite ratios including Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA and NAA/Cr. Although there was no significant difference in AUC between Cho/Cr and Cho/NAA groups, Cho/NAA ratio showed higher sensitivity and specificity than Cho/Cr ratio and NAA/Cr ratio. We suggest that MRS should combine other advanced imaging techniques to improve diagnostic accuracy in differentiating HGGs from LGGs.Key Points: • MRS has moderate diagnostic performance in distinguishing HGGs from LGGs. • There is no significant difference in AUC between Cho/Cr and Cho/NAA ratios. • Cho/NAA ratio is superior to NAA/Cr ratio. • Cho/NAA ratio shows higher sensitivity and specificity than Cho/Cr and NAA/Cr ratios. • MRS should combine other advanced imaging techniques to improve diagnostic accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Balancing the benefit of extensive tumor resection with the consequence of potential postoperative language deficits remains a challenge in glioma surgery involving language areas. This study is designed to evaluate the impact of intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) and functional neuronavigation on surgical outcome in patients with gliomas involving language areas. Two hundred seventeen patients were prospectively enrolled, 124 in the study group underwent iMRI and functional neuronavigation-guided microsurgery and 93 in the control group underwent conventional navigation-guided microsurgery. Extent of tumor volume resection (EoR) and rate of gross total resection (rGTR) were calculated perioperatively. Aphasia quotient (AQ) was assessed to evaluate the change of language function perioperatively and at 6-month follow-up. Survival outcome for glioblastoma, including progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), were recorded. In 198 glioma patients (112 in the study group and 86 in the control group), EoR (95.50 versus 89.85 %, p < 0.001) and rGTR (69.60 versus 47.70 %, p = 0.002) were significantly higher in the study group, and language functions were also better at 6-month follow-up in the study group (87.47 versus 78.73, p = 0.001). Furthermore, postoperative new aphasia occurred in 34.8 % of the control group, whereas it occurred only in 2.3 % of the study group ( p < 0.001). In addition, PFS (12.5 versus 6.6 m, p = 0.003) and OS (19.6 versus 13.0 m, p < 0.001) for patients with glioblastomas were dramatically prolonged in the study group than in the control group. These results indicated that iMRI and functional neuronavigation may help maximize tumor resection, minimize language deficits in patients with gliomas involving language areas, and improve survival time for patients with glioblastomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] AsT was successfully synthesized through conjugation with TGN, AS1411 and Cy3. [•] AsT could effectively target to glioma with high intensity. [•] AsT could be used as an effective glioma imaging probe. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]