24 results on '"Välimaa, Hannamari"'
Search Results
2. Odontogenic causes complicating the chronic rhinosinusitis diagnosis
- Author
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Wuokko-Landén, Annina, Blomgren, Karin, Suomalainen, Anni, and Välimaa, Hannamari
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Generalized infections of putative oral origin in Helsinki University Hospital in 2012 to 2017.
- Author
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Hotti, Sari, Helenius-Hietala, Jaana, Välimaa, Hannamari, Järvinen, Asko, Salonen, Johan, Furuholm, Jussi, Rita, Ville, Meurman, Jukka H., and Ruokonen, Hellevi
- Subjects
AORTIC valve surgery ,MITRAL valve surgery ,BACTEREMIA ,ACADEMIC medical centers ,ACQUISITION of data methodology ,RESEARCH methodology ,ORAL diseases ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,PATIENT readmissions ,DENTAL care ,DENTAL extraction ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,RISK assessment ,HOSPITAL mortality ,MEDICAL records ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DATA analysis software ,DISEASE risk factors ,DISEASE complications - Abstract
Objective: Bacteria entering the bloodstream through oral mucosa cause bacteremia, which can lead to septic or distant infections. The underlying factors and need for dental treatment in patients referred for oral examination because of septic infection were investigated. It was expected that general diseases and poor socioeconomic status of patients would increase the risk of bacteremia. Method and materials: This descriptive retrospective study included patients (N = 128) referred from medical clinics of the Helsinki University Hospital (HUH), during 2012 to 2017, to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases due to bacteremia suspected to be of oral origin. Data were extracted from medical and dental records according to the World Health Organization International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) for systemic or remote infections. Different groups were formed using modified Skapinakis classification for socioeconomic status (SES), from I (high) to V (low). Underlying medical conditions were retrieved according to McCabe classi- fication: healthy, nonfatal, ultimately fatal, and rapidly fatal diseases. The data were analyzed using the statistical software package SPSS (IBM). Results: Patients were referred most often from the Departments of Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine. Because of infection, 12 patients needed aortic or mitral valve operations. Many of the patients were intravenous drug users. However, the majority of patients presented McCabe class I, indicating no systemic disease. The main SES was intermediate III. Tooth extraction was the principal mode of treatment. No demographic background variables were identified to explain increase of the risk for bacteremia except that most patients were men with untreated dental problems. Conclusions: Contrary to the authors' expectation, poor SES and underlying diseases did not seem to link to the outcome. However, untreated dental infections present an evident risk for life-threatening septic complications also in generally healthy individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Characterization of an X-chromosome-linked telomere biology disorder in females with DKC1 mutation
- Author
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Hirvonen, Elina A. M., Peuhkuri, Saara, Norberg, Anna, Degerman, Sofie, Hannula-Jouppi, Katariina, Välimaa, Hannamari, Kilpivaara, Outi, and Wartiovaara-Kautto, Ulla
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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5. Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Candida in Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients.
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Saraneva, Orvokki, Furuholm, Jussi, Hagström, Jaana, Sorsa, Timo, Rita, Ville, Tervahartiala, Taina, Välimaa, Hannamari, and Ruokonen, Hellevi
- Subjects
SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma ,THRUSH (Mouth disease) ,ORAL lichen planus ,CANDIDA ,TONGUE ,ALCOHOL drinking - Abstract
This retrospective study addressed the role of oral potentially malignant disorders and the presence of intraepithelial Candida hyphae in the carcinogenesis of the oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma and its association with smoking, alcohol consumption, and oral inflammatory burden. The medical records of 183 subjects diagnosed with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma at the Helsinki University Hospital were investigated. Preceding oral lichen planus, lichenoid reaction, and leukoplakia diagnosis were recorded. Further, the data on Candida hyphae in histological samples as an indicator of oral candidiasis, oral inflammatory burden, smoking, and alcohol consumption were recorded and analyzed. The histopathological diagnosis of oral lichen planus/lichenoid reaction (p < 0.001) and the presence of Candida hyphae (p = 0.005) were associated significantly with female gender. Oral lichen planus/lichenoid reaction patients were less often smokers than patients without these lesions. Candida hyphae were more often recorded in patients without alcohol use (p = 0.012). Oral lichen planus/lichenoid reaction and Candida hyphae in histological samples were associated with female gender and lower levels of typical risk factors, such as alcohol use and smoking, in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients. Therefore, these patients should be well monitored despite a potential lack of the classical risk factors of oral carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Diagnostics of rare disorders: whole-exome sequencing deciphering locus heterogeneity in telomere biology disorders
- Author
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Trotta, Luca, Norberg, Anna, Taskinen, Mervi, Béziat, Vivien, Degerman, Sofie, Wartiovaara-Kautto, Ulla, Välimaa, Hannamari, Jahnukainen, Kirsi, Casanova, Jean-Laurent, Seppänen, Mikko, Saarela, Janna, Koskenvuo, Minna, and Martelius, Timi
- Published
- 2018
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- View/download PDF
7. Subtly Impaired Humoral Immunity Predisposes to Frequently Recurring Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection and Herpetic Neuralgia
- Author
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Seppänen, Mikko, Meri, Seppo, Notkola, Irma-Leena, Seppälä, Ilkka J. T., Hiltunen-Back, Eija, Sarvas, Heikki, Lappalainen, Maija, Välimaa, Hannamari, Palikhe, Anil, Valtonen, Ville V., and Lokki, Marja-Liisa
- Published
- 2006
8. Home-Applied Dual-Light Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Stable Chronic Periodontitis (HOPE-CP)—Three-Month Interim Results.
- Author
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Pakarinen, Saila, Saarela, Riitta K. T., Välimaa, Hannamari, Heikkinen, Anna Maria, Kankuri, Esko, Noponen, Marja, Alapulli, Heikki, Tervahartiala, Taina, Räisänen, Ismo T., Sorsa, Timo, and Pätilä, Tommi
- Subjects
PHOTODYNAMIC therapy ,GINGIVAL hemorrhage ,PERIODONTITIS ,ELECTRIC toothbrushes ,ORAL hygiene - Abstract
A single-site, randomized clinical trial was designed to determine the efficacy of regular home use of Lumoral
® dual-light antibacterial aPDT in periodontitis patients. For the study, 200 patients were randomized to receive non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT), including standardized hygiene instructions and electric toothbrush, scaling and root planing, or NSPT with adjunctive Lumoral® treatment. A complete clinical intraoral examination was conducted in the beginning, at three months, and at six months. This report presents the three-month results of the first 59 consecutive randomized subjects. At three months, bleeding on probing (BOP) was lower in the NSPT + Lumoral® -group than in the NSPT group (p = 0.045), and more patients in the NSPT + Lumoral® -group had their BOP below 10% (54% vs. 22%, respectively, p = 0.008). In addition, patients in the NSPT + Lumoral® -group improved their oral hygiene by visible-plaque-index (p = 0.0003), while the NSPT group showed no statistical improvement compared to the baseline. Both groups significantly reduced the number of deep periodontal pockets, but more patients with a reduction in their deep pocket number were found in the NSPT + Lumoral® group (92% vs. 63%, p = 0.02). Patients whose number of deep pockets was reduced by 50% or more were also more frequent in the NSPT + Lumoral® -group (71% vs. 33%, p = 0.01). Patients with initially less than ten deep pockets had fewer deep pockets at the three-month follow-up in the Lumoral® group (p = 0.01). In conclusion, adjunctive use of Lumoral® in NSPT results in improved treatment outcomes at three months post-therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Triage and urgent dental care for COVID-19 patients in the Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa.
- Author
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Mikkola, Maria Kaarina, Gästgifvars, Jenny Johanna, Helenius-Hietala, Jaana Sisko, Uittamo, Johanna Tuulikki, Furuholm, Jussi Oskari, Välimaa, Hannamari, Ruokonen, Hellevi Merja A., and Nylund, Karita Maaria
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,DENTAL care ,OUTPATIENT medical care ,HOSPITAL patients ,ELECTRONIC health records - Abstract
This paper describes and reports the patient-specific characteristics of an urgent dental care clinic for COVID-19 infected, suspected, exposed or quarantined patients from March to December 2020 in the Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Finland. The triage and the treatment protocol were established based on the scientific data. Patient files were evaluated from the hospital district's electronic medical record system. IBM SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. There were 1114 consultations and 257 visits at the clinic. Most of the patients were generally healthy with mean age of 35, had toothache and were suspected to be SARS-CoV-2 positive. Seventeen of the patients received positive tests for COVID-19 infection. The main treatment was tooth extraction, mostly due to caries. Statistically significant differences between COVID-19 infected and other patients occurred in age (45 vs 34 years-of-age, p =.009) and number of teeth (25 vs 28, p =.031). No SARS-CoV-2 infection transmission chains were traced to the clinic. During the challenging pandemic time, patients were carefully screened by specialists in clinical dentistry and treated safely and effectively. Patient-specific characteristics revealed no differences between COVID-19 infected and other patients in terms of symptoms or treatment needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Vasodilator isoxsuprine alleviates symptoms of oral submucous fibrosis
- Author
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Bhadage, Chetan J., Umarji, Hemant R., Shah, Karan, and Välimaa, Hannamari
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Human lactoferrin but not lysozyme neutralizes HSV-1 and inhibits HSV-1 replication and cell-to-cell spread
- Author
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Välimaa Hannamari, Tenovuo Jorma, Waris Matti, and Hukkanen Veijo
- Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract The frequent oral shedding of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in the absence of clinical disease suggests that symptomatic HSV-1 recurrences may be inhibited by the mucosal environment. Indeed, saliva has been shown to contain substances with anti-HSV activity. In the current study, we investigated the anti-HSV-1 activity of human lactoferrin (hLf) and lysozyme (hLz), two highly cationic polypeptides of the mucosal innate defence system. HLf blocked HSV-1 infection at multiple steps of the viral replication cycle, whereas lysozyme displayed no anti-HSV-1 activity. Preincubation of HSV-1 virions and presence of hLf during or after viral absorption period or for the entire HSV-1 infection cycle inhibited HSV-1 infection by reducing both the plaque count and plaque size in a dose- and virus strain-dependent manner. Cell-to-cell spread of wild-type HSV-1 and the strain gC-39, deleted of glycoprotein C, was dramatically reduced, but the cell-to-cell spread of HSV-1 Rid1, harboring a mutated gD and thus unable to react with the cellular HVEM receptor, remained unchanged. This suggests that the inhibition of cell-to-cell spread is mediated by effects on gD or its cellular counterparts. Our results show that the cationic nature is not a major determinant in the anti-HSV action of mucosal innate cationic polypeptides, since whereas hLf inhibited HSV-1 infection efficiently, hLz had no HSV-1 inhibiting activity. Our results show that in addition to inhibiting the adsorption and post-attachment events of HSV-1 infection, hLf is also able to neutralize HSV-1 and that the inhibition of cell-to-cell spread involves viral gD. These results suggest that Lf may have a significant role in the modulation of HSV-1 infection in the oral cavity as well as in the genital mucosa, the major sites of HSV-1 infection.
- Published
- 2009
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- View/download PDF
12. Microbial aetiology of acute rhinosinusitis during pregnancy.
- Author
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Mäkinen, Laura K., Rentola-Back, Heli, Välimaa, Hannamari, Wuokko-Landén, Annina, and Blomgren, Karin
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. The relationship between oral diseases and infectious complications in patients under dialysis.
- Author
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Arenius, Ilona, Ruokonen, Hellevi, Ortiz, Fernanda, Furuholm, Jussi, Välimaa, Hannamari, Bostanci, Nagihan, Eskola, Maija, Maria Heikkinen, Anna, Meurman, Jukka H., Sorsa, Timo, and Nylund, Karita
- Subjects
INFECTION risk factors ,BIOMARKERS ,METALLOPROTEINS ,ORAL diseases ,RISK assessment - Abstract
Objectives: Association was investigated between oral health before dialysis and the incidence of systemic infections during dialysis. We hypothesized that low‐grade systemic inflammation caused by poor oral health associates with infectious episodes in patients on dialysis, despite earlier eradication of oral infection foci. Subjects and methods: A total of 117 patients (46 with peritoneal and 71 with hemodialysis) were examined and treated at predialysis stage and followed up during dialysis. Number of infection episodes and microorganisms cultured from blood and peritoneal fluid were analyzed. Number of teeth, periodontal inflammatory burden, and total dental index scores were assessed, and salivary matrix metalloproteinase 8, triggering receptor on myeloid cells 1, peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), and interleukin‐1β were measured. Results: In hemodialysis, 134 infection episodes were recorded, while peritoneal dialysis group had 77 peritonitis episodes. Culture‐negative samples were 69% in hemodialysis and 23% in peritoneal dialysis group. Staphylococci were the most frequently associated microorganisms. Infections during dialysis did neither associate with oral health parameters nor associate with salivary inflammatory biomarkers, except for PGLYRP1, which associated with number of infection episodes during hemodialysis (p =.046). Conclusions: A number of infection episodes during hemodialysis were associated with salivary PGLYRP1 but not the other salivary markers or oral infection markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. HERQ-9 Is a New Multiplex PCR for Differentiation and Quantification of All Nine Human Herpesviruses.
- Author
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Pyöriä, Lari, Jokinen, Maija, Toppinen, Mari, Salminen, Henri, Vuorinen, Tytti, Hukkanen, Veijo, Schmotz, Constanze, Elbasani, Endrit, Ojala, Päivi M., Hedman, Klaus, Välimaa, Hannamari, and Perdomo, Maria F.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Peritonsillar abscess may not always be a complication of acute tonsillitis: A prospective cohort study.
- Author
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Sanmark, Enni, Wikstén, Johanna, Välimaa, Hannamari, Aaltonen, Leena-Maija, Ilmarinen, Taru, and Blomgren, Karin
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COHORT analysis ,LONGITUDINAL method ,TONSILLITIS ,SALIVARY glands ,ABSCESSES ,AMYLASES - Abstract
The present study aimed to specify diagnostics for peritonsillar abscesses (PTAs) and to clarify the role of minor salivary glands. This prospective cohort study included 112 patients with acute tonsillitis (AT) and PTA recruited at a tertiary hospital emergency department between February and October 2017. All patients completed a questionnaire concerning their current disease. Serum amylase (S-Amyl) and C-reactive protein (S-CRP) levels, tonsillar findings, and pus aspirate samples and throat cultures were analyzed. Eight of 58 PTA patients (13.8%) had no signs of tonsillar infection. The absence of tonsillar erythema and exudate was associated with low S-CRP (p<0.001) and older age (p<0.001). We also observed an inverse correlation between S-Amyl and S-CRP levels (AT, r = -0.519; PTA, r = -0.353). Therefore, we observed a group of PTA patients without signs of tonsillar infection who had significantly lower S-CRP levels than other PTA patients. These findings support that PTA may be caused by an etiology other than AT. Variations in the S-Amyl levels and a negative correlation between S-Amyl and S-CRP levels may indicate that minor salivary glands are involved in PTA development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Acute rhinosinusitis – are we forgetting the possibility of a dental origin? A retrospective study of 385 patients.
- Author
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Wuokko-Landén, Annina, Blomgren, Karin, and Välimaa, Hannamari
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ACADEMIC medical centers ,MEDICAL records ,OTOLARYNGOLOGY ,PATHOLOGICAL laboratories ,SINUSITIS ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,ACUTE diseases ,ROUTINE diagnostic tests ,ACQUISITION of data methodology ,SYMPTOMS - Abstract
Copyright of Acta Oto-Laryngologica is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Smoking or poor oral hygiene do not predispose to peritonsillar abscesses via changes in oral flora.
- Author
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Sanmark, Enni, Wikstèn, Johanna, Välimaa, Hannamari, and Blomgren, Karin
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ANTIBIOTICS ,SALIVA microbiology ,ALCOHOL drinking ,FLOW cytometry ,LONGITUDINAL method ,ORAL hygiene ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RISK assessment ,SMOKING ,TOOTH care & hygiene ,TONSILLITIS ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,PHYSICIANS' attitudes ,PERITONSILLAR abscess ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Copyright of Acta Oto-Laryngologica is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Interactions between the Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans secretin HofQ and host cytokines indicate a link between natural competence and interleukin-8 uptake.
- Author
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Ahlstrand, Tuuli, Torittu, Annamari, Elovaara, Heli, Välimaa, Hannamari, Pöllänen, Marja T., Kasvandik, Sergo, Högbom, Martin, and Ihalin, Riikka
- Subjects
ACTINOBACILLUS actinomycetemcomitans ,SECRETIN ,CYTOKINES ,INTERLEUKIN-8 ,DNA-binding proteins - Abstract
Naturally competent bacteria acquire DNA from their surroundings to survive in nutrient-poor environments and incorporate DNA into their genomes as new genes for improved survival. The secretin HofQ from the oral pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been associated with DNA uptake. Cytokine sequestering is a potential virulence mechanism in various bacteria and may modulate both host defense and bacterial physiology. The objective of this study was to elucidate a possible connection between natural competence and cytokine uptake in A. actinomycetemcomitans. The extramembranous domain of HofQ (emHofQ) was shown to interact with various cytokines, of which IL-8 exhibited the strongest interaction. The dissociation constant between emHofQ and IL-8 was 43 nM in static settings and 2.4 μM in dynamic settings. The moderate binding affinity is consistent with the hypothesis that emHofQ recognizes cytokines before transporting them into the cells. The interaction site was identified via crosslinking and mutational analysis. By structural comparison, relateda type I KH domain with a similar interaction site was detected in the Neisseria meningitidis secretin PilQ, which has been shown to participate in IL-8 uptake. Deletion of hofQ from the A. actinomycetemcomitans genome decreased the overall biofilm formation of this organism, abolished the response to cytokines, i.e., decreased eDNA levels in the presence of cytokines, and increased the susceptibility of the biofilm to tested β-lactams. Moreover, we showed that recombinant IL-8 interacted with DNA. These results can be used in further studies on the specific role of cytokine uptake in bacterial virulence without interfering with natural-competence-related DNA uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Treatment of acute dental infections.
- Author
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PARIKKA, MATALEENA, NORPPA, ANNA, VÄLIMAA, HANNAMARI, HUTTUNEN, REETTA, JÄRVINEN, ASKO, and RICHARDSON, RIINA
- Subjects
ANTI-infective agents ,PUBLIC health ,ANTIBIOTICS ,PERIODONTAL disease treatment ,MEDICAL care - Abstract
Copyright of Tandlaegebladet is the property of Tandlaegeforeningen and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
20. Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 in mucocutaneous infections.
- Author
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Välimaa, Hannamari
- Subjects
- *
HERPES simplex , *HERPESVIRUS diseases , *SKIN infections , *DENTAL pathology , *DENTAL caries - Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and 2 are both known to cause mucosal and skin infections. HSV-1 is regarded as the main virus type in the orofacial region, whereas HSV-2 is mainly associated with genital infections. Recently, an increase in HSV-1 genital infections has been described in some countries. We investigated the proportion of HSV-1 and HSV-2 isolates from different mucocutaneous regions using diagnostic laboratory database at HUSLAB, Helsinki during the years 2011–2014. Distribution of HSV-1 and HSV-2 among samples was analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Identification of a Novel Bacterial Outer Membrane Interleukin-1Β-Binding Protein from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.
- Author
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Paino, Annamari, Ahlstrand, Tuuli, Nuutila, Jari, Navickaite, Indre, Lahti, Maria, Tuominen, Heidi, Välimaa, Hannamari, Lamminmäki, Urpo, Pöllänen, Marja T., and Ihalin, Riikka
- Subjects
INTERLEUKIN-1 ,MEMBRANE proteins ,CARRIER proteins ,ACTINOBACILLUS actinomycetemcomitans ,INTERLEUKIN receptors ,IMMUNOBLOTTING - Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative opportunistic oral pathogen. It is frequently associated with subgingival biofilms of both chronic and aggressive periodontitis, and the diseased sites of the periodontium exhibit increased levels of the proinflammatory mediator interleukin (IL)-1β. Some bacterial species can alter their physiological properties as a result of sensing IL-1β. We have recently shown that this cytokine localizes to the cytoplasm of A. actinomycetemcomitans in co-cultures with organotypic gingival mucosa. However, current knowledge about the mechanism underlying bacterial IL-1β sensing is still limited. In this study, we characterized the interaction of A. actinomycetemcomitans total membrane protein with IL-1β through electrophoretic mobility shift assays. The interacting protein, which we have designated bacterial interleukin receptor I (BilRI), was identified through mass spectrometry and was found to be Pasteurellaceae specific. Based on the results obtained using protein function prediction tools, this protein localizes to the outer membrane and contains a typical lipoprotein signal sequence. All six tested biofilm cultures of clinical A. actinomycetemcomitans strains expressed the protein according to phage display-derived antibody detection. Moreover, proteinase K treatment of whole A. actinomycetemcomitans cells eliminated BilRI forms that were outer membrane specific, as determined through immunoblotting. The protein was overexpressed in Escherichia coli in both the outer membrane-associated form and a soluble cytoplasmic form. When assessed using flow cytometry, the BilRI-overexpressing E. coli cells were observed to bind 2.5 times more biotinylated-IL-1β than the control cells, as detected with avidin-FITC. Overexpression of BilRI did not cause binding of a biotinylated negative control protein. In a microplate assay, soluble BilRI bound to IL-1β, but this binding was not specific, as a control protein for IL-1β also interacted with BilRI. Our findings suggest that A. actinomycetemcomitans expresses an IL-1β-binding surface-exposed lipoprotein that may be part of the bacterial IL-1β-sensing system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Identification of a Novel Bacterial Outer Membrane Interleukin-1Β-Binding Protein from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.
- Author
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Paino, Annamari, Ahlstrand, Tuuli, Nuutila, Jari, Navickaite, Indre, Lahti, Maria, Tuominen, Heidi, Välimaa, Hannamari, Lamminmäki, Urpo, Pöllänen, Marja T., and Ihalin, Riikka
- Subjects
- *
INTERLEUKIN-1 , *MEMBRANE proteins , *CARRIER proteins , *ACTINOBACILLUS actinomycetemcomitans , *INTERLEUKIN receptors , *IMMUNOBLOTTING - Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative opportunistic oral pathogen. It is frequently associated with subgingival biofilms of both chronic and aggressive periodontitis, and the diseased sites of the periodontium exhibit increased levels of the proinflammatory mediator interleukin (IL)-1β. Some bacterial species can alter their physiological properties as a result of sensing IL-1β. We have recently shown that this cytokine localizes to the cytoplasm of A. actinomycetemcomitans in co-cultures with organotypic gingival mucosa. However, current knowledge about the mechanism underlying bacterial IL-1β sensing is still limited. In this study, we characterized the interaction of A. actinomycetemcomitans total membrane protein with IL-1β through electrophoretic mobility shift assays. The interacting protein, which we have designated bacterial interleukin receptor I (BilRI), was identified through mass spectrometry and was found to be Pasteurellaceae specific. Based on the results obtained using protein function prediction tools, this protein localizes to the outer membrane and contains a typical lipoprotein signal sequence. All six tested biofilm cultures of clinical A. actinomycetemcomitans strains expressed the protein according to phage display-derived antibody detection. Moreover, proteinase K treatment of whole A. actinomycetemcomitans cells eliminated BilRI forms that were outer membrane specific, as determined through immunoblotting. The protein was overexpressed in Escherichia coli in both the outer membrane-associated form and a soluble cytoplasmic form. When assessed using flow cytometry, the BilRI-overexpressing E. coli cells were observed to bind 2.5 times more biotinylated-IL-1β than the control cells, as detected with avidin-FITC. Overexpression of BilRI did not cause binding of a biotinylated negative control protein. In a microplate assay, soluble BilRI bound to IL-1β, but this binding was not specific, as a control protein for IL-1β also interacted with BilRI. Our findings suggest that A. actinomycetemcomitans expresses an IL-1β-binding surface-exposed lipoprotein that may be part of the bacterial IL-1β-sensing system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Identification of a novel bacterial outer membrane interleukin-1Β-binding protein from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.
- Author
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Paino A, Ahlstrand T, Nuutila J, Navickaite I, Lahti M, Tuominen H, Välimaa H, Lamminmäki U, Pöllänen MT, and Ihalin R
- Subjects
- Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans genetics, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans physiology, Amino Acid Sequence, Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins genetics, Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins physiology, Biofilms, Cell Membrane metabolism, Cytosol metabolism, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay, Escherichia coli genetics, Escherichia coli metabolism, Humans, Immunoblotting, Molecular Sequence Data, Pasteurellaceae Infections microbiology, Protein Binding, Protein Sorting Signals genetics, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans metabolism, Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins metabolism, Interleukin-1beta metabolism, Recombinant Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative opportunistic oral pathogen. It is frequently associated with subgingival biofilms of both chronic and aggressive periodontitis, and the diseased sites of the periodontium exhibit increased levels of the proinflammatory mediator interleukin (IL)-1β. Some bacterial species can alter their physiological properties as a result of sensing IL-1β. We have recently shown that this cytokine localizes to the cytoplasm of A. actinomycetemcomitans in co-cultures with organotypic gingival mucosa. However, current knowledge about the mechanism underlying bacterial IL-1β sensing is still limited. In this study, we characterized the interaction of A. actinomycetemcomitans total membrane protein with IL-1β through electrophoretic mobility shift assays. The interacting protein, which we have designated bacterial interleukin receptor I (BilRI), was identified through mass spectrometry and was found to be Pasteurellaceae specific. Based on the results obtained using protein function prediction tools, this protein localizes to the outer membrane and contains a typical lipoprotein signal sequence. All six tested biofilm cultures of clinical A. actinomycetemcomitans strains expressed the protein according to phage display-derived antibody detection. Moreover, proteinase K treatment of whole A. actinomycetemcomitans cells eliminated BilRI forms that were outer membrane specific, as determined through immunoblotting. The protein was overexpressed in Escherichia coli in both the outer membrane-associated form and a soluble cytoplasmic form. When assessed using flow cytometry, the BilRI-overexpressing E. coli cells were observed to bind 2.5 times more biotinylated-IL-1β than the control cells, as detected with avidin-FITC. Overexpression of BilRI did not cause binding of a biotinylated negative control protein. In a microplate assay, soluble BilRI bound to IL-1β, but this binding was not specific, as a control protein for IL-1β also interacted with BilRI. Our findings suggest that A. actinomycetemcomitans expresses an IL-1β-binding surface-exposed lipoprotein that may be part of the bacterial IL-1β-sensing system.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Rate of evolution and molecular epidemiology of tick-borne encephalitis virus in Europe, including two isolations from the same focus 44 years apart.
- Author
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Uzcátegui NY, Sironen T, Golovljova I, Jääskeläinen AE, Välimaa H, Lundkvist Å, Plyusnin A, Vaheri A, and Vapalahti O
- Subjects
- Animals, Base Sequence, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne epidemiology, Estonia epidemiology, Europe epidemiology, Female, Finland epidemiology, Genetic Variation genetics, Humans, Ixodes virology, Male, Mice, Molecular Epidemiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne genetics, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne virology, Evolution, Molecular
- Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a member of the family Flaviviridae. It is transmitted by Ixodes spp. ticks in a cycle involving rodents and small mammals. TBEV has three subtypes: European, Siberian and Far Eastern. The virus causes thousands of cases of meningoencephalitis in Europe annually, with an increasing trend. The increase may be attributed to a complex network of elements, including climatic, environmental and socio-economic factors. In an attempt to understand the evolutionary history and dispersal of TBEV, to existing genetic data we add two novel complete ORF sequences of TBEV strains from northern Europe and the completion of the genome of four others. Moreover, we provide a unique measure for the natural rate of evolution of TBEV by studying two isolations from the same forest on an island in Åland archipelago 44 years apart. For all isolates, we analysed the phylogeny, rate of evolution and probable time of radiation of the different TBEV strains. The results show that the two lineages of TBEV in different Ixodes species have evolved independently for approximately 3300 years. Notably, rapid radiation of TBEV-Eur occurred approximately 300 years ago, without the large-scale geographical clustering observed previously for the Siberian subtype. The measurements from the natural rate of evolution correlated with the estimates done by phylogenetic programs, demonstrating their robustness.
- Published
- 2012
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