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Original Hebbian encoding scheme of bidirectional associative memory (BAM) provides a poor pattern capacity and recall performance. Based on Rosenblatt's perceptron learning algorithm, the pattern capacity of BAM is enlarged, and perfect recall of all training pattern pairs is guaranteed. However, these methods put their emphases on pattern capacity, rather than error correction capability which is another critical point of BAM. This paper analyzes the sensitivity to noise in RAM and obtains an interesting idea to improve noise immunity of BAM. Some researchers have found that the noise sensitivity of BAM relates to the minimum absolute value of net inputs (MAV). However, in this paper, the analysis on failure association shows that it is related not only to MAV but also to the variance of weights associated with synapse connections. In fact, it is a positive monotone increasing function of the quotient of MAV divided by the variance of weights. This idea provides an useful principle of improving error correction capability of RAM. Some revised encoding schemes, such as small variance learning for RAM (SVBAM), evolutionary pseudorelaxation learning for BAM (EPRLAB) and evolutionary bidirectional learning (EBL), have been introduced to illustrate the performance of this principle. All these methods perform better than their original versions in noise immunity. Moreover, these methods have no negative effect on the pattern capacity of BAM. The convergence of these methods is also discussed in this paper. If there exist solutions, EPRLAB and EBL always converge to a global optimal solution in the senses of both, pattern capacity and noise immunity. However, the convergence of SVBAM may be affected by a preset function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new approach, known as symmetry axis based feature extraction and recognition (SAFER), for recognizing objects under translation, rotation and scaling. Unlike most previous invariant object recognition (IOR) systems, SAFER puts emphasis on both simplicity and accuracy of the recognition system. To achieve simplicity, it uses simple formulae for extracting invariant features from an object. The scheme used in feature extraction is based on the axis of symmetry and angles of concentric circles drawn around the object. SAFER divides the extracted features into a number of groups based on their similarity. To improve the recognition performance, SAFER uses a number of neural networks (NNs) instead of single NN are used for training and recognition of extracted features. The new approach, SAFER, has been tested on two of real world problems i.e., English characters with two different fonts and images of different shapes. The experimental results show that SAFER can produce good recognition performance in comparison with other algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes an information system that classifies Web pages according a taxonomy, which is mainly used from seven search engines/directories. The proposed classifier is a four-layer generalised regression neural network (GRNN) that aims to perform the information segmentation according to information filtering techniques using content descriptor vectors. Eight categories of Web pages were used in order to evaluate the robustness of the method, while no restrictions were imposed except for the language of the content, which is English. The system can be used as an assistant and consultative tool for classification purposes as well as for estimating the population of Web pages at any given point in time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]