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This paper explores the influence of spatial mobility on the risk of overeducation of French young workers. Mobilizing a survey following a cohort of young graduates entering the labour market from 2010 until 2013, our results reveal that interregional migration decreases the risk of (statistical and subjective) overeducation. We also evidence that migration to an economic centre (the Paris region) has an even stronger negative effect and that more educated workers benefit more from spatial mobility. These results are robust to controlling for self‐selection and the endogeneity of migration, as well as to various specifications of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the influence of transportation infrastructure, and in particular of the Regional Express Rail (RER), on employment and population growth in the Paris metropolitan area between 1968 and 2010. In order to make proper causal inference, we rely on historical instruments and control for all other transportation modes that could be complement or substitute to the RER. Our results show that proximity to an RER station increases employment and population density and, in particular, employment and population growth. The latter effects are higher in municipalities located near RER stations and close to employment (sub)centers. They are also found to be particularly strong for jobs in the service sector, for factory workers, and for highly educated population. We find no impact of the RER expansion on employment growth during the first part of the period, while the effect on population growth appears earlier but declines over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In discussing the lifestyle and practices of the Paris group of the contemporary surrealist movement, this paper contributes to debates within economic and political geography that seek to develop the imagining of alternatives to neoliberal globalisation through practices of resistance, and spaces of political and policy engagement. The everyday life of the surrealist movement, in combining creativity with progressive choices and radical economic practices that oppose capitalism, while intellectually investigating ideas of revolution, a different society and utopia, suggests a perspective that contributes to the imagining of such alternatives. This paper outlines the deeply embedded nature of surrealist activity in opposing capitalism and illustrates, as one member of the surrealist group suggests, in quoting Baudelaire, surrealism's insistence for a world in which“action is the sister of dream”. The paper further contributes to discussion on the role of academics in facilitating spaces of political engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the rise and decline of social movements in Amsterdam and Paris, focusing in particular on the organizations of left-wing immigrant workers. These organizations performed crucial roles for new social movements in the 1970s and 1980s but were isolated and coopted in the 1990s and early 2000s. To explain why this is so, we engage in a dialogue with Jacques Rancière and develop an understanding of cities as strategic sites for both politicization and policing. Cities serve as sites of politicization because they are incubators of the relational conduits that enable activists from different sectors to engage with one another's struggles and look beyond narrow temporal and spatial horizons. However, cities also serve as sites of policing because authorities constantly attempt to reconfigure governmental arrangements in such a way that civil society serves as an extension of the government and comes to fulfill an instrumental role in the development and implementation of policy. Just as politicizing implies the widening of temporal and spatial horizons, policing implies the narrowing of such horizons. The analysis shows the social movements of the 1960s lost steam in two of the major hubs of the new left and reveals some of the more universal mechanisms through which cities generate or quell dissent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been known for some time that the potential exists to construct a long daily series of surface pressure for the city of Paris because of the existence of various instrumental series that might be pieced together. The remarkable weather diary kept by the physician, Louis Morin, sets the start of the potential series to 1670, and various other series have now been digitized and corrected to allow the formation of a daily series of Mean Sea-Level Pressure (MSLP) that spans the greater part of 300 years. Unfortunately, a gap in the series still exists for the period 1726-1747, where it appears that no barometer observations have survived. This paper discusses the sources of the various pressure data used in the Paris daily MSLP series, and describes how these observations have been corrected and amalgamated to form a near-continuous, homogeneous series. The data are compared with a similar long daily series that has been independently constructed for the city of London (1692-2007). This comparison indicates that the two MSLP series are of a sufficient quality to provide useful information about the atmospheric circulation across western Europe over the last 300 years. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Please cite this paper as: Boulkedid R, Sibony O, Bossu-Salvador C, Oury J, Alberti C. Monitoring healthcare quality in an obstetrics and gynaecology department using a CUSUM chart. BJOG 2010;117:1225–1235. Objective To use cumulative sum (CUSUM) charts for the early detection of variations in quality of care in a maternity department. Design Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. Setting Maternity department of a teaching hospital in Paris (France). Population Data from 20 519 women and 21 448 infants were collected between January 2000 and December 2007. Methods CUSUM charts were used to monitor the rate of 19 pre-selected quality indicators over 3 years (2005–2007), against standards developed by department obstetrician gynaecologists. Periods with adverse event rates that did not meet the standards were identified. Main outcome measures Quality indicator rates. Results Indicators fell into three groups based on the number of periods with unacceptable rates: less than one per year [e.g. the rate of intensive care unit (ICU) admission of mothers and rate of third- or fourth-degree perineal tears]; one every 2–12 months on average (e.g. blood transfusion and sulprostone use in the overall population of women); and at least one per month (insufficient availability of epidural analgesia). Conclusion CUSUM charts for a broad range of quality indicators can be used to monitor the quality of care in an obstetrics department. A prospective study investigating the ability of CUSUM-based monitoring to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes would be of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A symposium called “Contribution of modelling in the paediatric drug development” was organized at Paris on July 5-6, 2007 under the auspices of INSERM. The following issues were highlighted and discussed by the participants at the end of the meeting during a round table: • What is the place of modelling at a preclinical stage in the paediatric development? • What is the place of modelling at a clinical stage in the paediatric development? • What are the requirements for an evaluation based on modelling? • What are the recommendations and guidelines need to be established to facilitate the use of modelling techniques in paediatrics? This paper summarizes the discussion around these four questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the second part of the 19th century, there has been a great increase in the number of international scientific congresses, and they appear a necessary step in the maturation of knowledge. The first person to explicitly suggest the necessity of an international congress of psychology was Julian Ochorowicz (1850–1917), who was considered the founder of Polish psychology. In 1881 he sent an article to Théodule Ribot, editor of Revue Philosophique de la France et de l'Étranger , entitled “Project of an International Congress of Psychology,” which was published in Ribot's journal. In it he described the dispersed state of psychology in 1881 and the previous 50 years, including 12 subdisciplines ranging from psychophysics to the psychology of art, and how it should aim for unification. He suggested collective efforts to progress rapidly, with widespread collaboration and the continuous exchange of observations, information, and experiments. Having international congresses would constitute a forum for such exchanges, and in his article he outlined the steps that should be taken for putting together the first international congress of psychology. The proposal was quite extensive and fanciful, making Ribot somewhat doubt its realizability. Nevertheless, the first international psychology congress took place in Paris in 1889, 8 years after the publication of Ochorowicz's article. This quick development could be attributed to the creation of the psychology societies, one of the first being La Société de Psychologie Physiologique , which was created in France in 1885. The creation of this society also contributed to psychology being recognized as a scientific domain. In line with this, the final programme of the congress was less extensive than that proposed in Ochorowicz's article, focusing on physiological aspects and ignoring the philosophical ones. In the present paper, the historical context of Ochorowicz's article is outlined, followed by a translation of his article. Au cours de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle, les congrès scientifiques internationaux se sont multipliés; ils apparaissaient comme une étape nécessaire dans la maturation du savoir. La première personne qui a explicitement proposé la nécessité d'un congrès international de psychologie fut Julian Ochorowicz (1850–1917), considéré comme le fondateur de la psychologie polonaise. En 1881, il envoie un article à Théodule Ribot, directeur de la « Revue philosophique de la France et de l'étranger », ayant pour titre « Projet d'un congrès international de psychologie » qui fut publié dans le journal de Ribot. Dans l'article, il décrit la psychologie en 1881 et son état de dispersion depuis une cinquantaine d'années, comprenant 12 sous‐disciplines allant de la psychophysique à la psychologie de l'art, et propose des solutions pour son unification. Il suggère une prise de conscience collective pour avancer rapidement, avec des collaborations et des échanges continus d'observations, d'informations et d'expériences. Les congrès internationaux constitueraient un forum pour ce genre d'échanges. De plus, dans l'article, il décrit les étapes nécessaires pour mettre en place le premier congrès international de psychologie. La proposition était très large et un peu utopique, ce qui a rendu Ribot un peu sceptique sur la possibilité de réaliser une telle manifestation. Néanmoins, le premier congrès international de psychologie se tint à Paris en 1889, 8 ans après la publication de l'article d'Ochorowicz. Ce développement rapide peut certainement être attribué à la création des sociétés de psychologie. Une des premières d'entre elles, la Société de psychologie physiologique, fut créée en France en 1885. La création de cette société contribua aussi à ce que la psychologie soit reconnue dans le domaine scientifique. En lien avec cela, le programme final du congrès fut plus restrictif que celui proposé dans l'article d'Ochorowicz puisqu'il fut centré sur les aspects physiologiques de la psychologie en laissant de côté les aspects philosophiques. Cet article contient la traduction du texte d'Ochorowicz et est précédé par une description du contexte historique de sa publication. Desde la segunda mitad del siglo 19, el número de congresos internacionales científicos ha aumento, lo que parece un paso necesario para la maduración del conocimiento. La primera persona que sugirió explícitamente la necesidad de un congreso de psicología fue Julian Ochorowicz (1850–1917), considerado el fundador de la psicología polaca. En 1881 envió un artículo a Théodule Ribot, editor del Revue Philosophique de la France et de l'Étranger , titulado ‘Project of an International Congress of Psychology’ que Ribot publicó en su revista. En él describía el estado disperso de la psicología en 1881 y los 50 años previos, lo que incluye doce subdisciplinas que abarcan de la psicofísica a la psicología del arte, y cómo debe aspirar a la unificación. Él sugirió el esfuerzo colectivo para progresar rápidamente, con la colaboración amplia y el intercambio continuo de observaciones, información y experimentos. El congreso constituiría un foro para tales intercambios, y en este artículo delineó los pasos que debían seguirse para organizar el primer congreso internacional de psicología. La propuesta era extensa y ambiciosa, lo que hizo dudar a Ribot de su viabilidad. No obstante, el primer congreso internacional de psicología se llevó a cabo en París en 1889, ocho años después de la publicación del artículo de Ochorowicz. Este rápido desarrollo podría atribuirse a la creación de las sociedades científicas, de las cuales una de las primeras fue La Société de Psychologie Physiologique creada en Francia en 1885. La creación de esta sociedad también contribuyó a la psicología al reconocerse como un dominio científico. Dentro de este contexto, el programa final del congreso fue menos extenso que el propuesto en el artículo de Ochorowicz, al concentrarse en los aspectos fisiológicos e ignorar los filosóficos. En el presente trabajo, se delinea el contexto histórico del artículo de Ochorowicz, seguido de una traducción de su artículo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to a technical problem in the submission process, selected presentations from the 7th International Conference on Boundary Elements, which took place in Paris, France, in September 2006 (http://beteq.engineeringconferences.net/), will not be published in a separate special issue. Links to these papers as they were published in the journal are listed at the end of this editorial. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]