42 results on '"Boyle, Michael"'
Search Results
2. A Case of Aplasia Cutis Congenita in the Setting of Maternal Carbimazole Use in the First Trimester.
- Author
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McGrath, Colin, O'Hanrahan, Nancy, Dennedy, Michael Conall, and Boyle, Michael A
- Subjects
THYROID gland function tests ,HUMAN abnormalities ,THYROID antagonists ,CONGENITAL disorders - Abstract
Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is one of several congenital malformations associated with antithyroid/thiourylene drug use in pregnancy. While uncommon among the general population (1-3/100 000 cases), the risk among those on thiourylenes is between 1.6% and 3%. The scalp is the most common site for this congenital anomaly. We present the case of a male infant with multifocal ACC of the scalp discovered at birth and born to a mother with Graves disease that was controlled during pregnancy using carbimazole. Thyroid function tests were normal throughout the pregnancy. There was no involvement of underlying subcutaneous tissue or structures. At age 18 months, the single largest lesion remained with only partial coverage. Prospective management involved periodic surveillance with planned 2-stage repair. This case reinforces the association between the antithyroid drugs carbimazole (CMZ) and methimazole (MMI) and supports the proposition of an MMI/CMZ embryopathy. It adds to a literature of case reports in which malformations arise in offspring of such mothers whose thyrotoxicosis is controlled antenatally, thereby challenging the suggestion that ACC is attributable to poorly controlled disease rather than thiourylenes. As yet the underlying mechanism is not understood, nor is it known why MMI and CMZ may cause potentially significant embryopathy while congenital defects attributable to the structurally similar propylthiouracil are typically less severe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Remaking the World in America's Image: Surprise, Strategic Culture, and the American Ways of Intervention.
- Author
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Boyle, Michael J and Lang, Anthony F
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ECONOMIC systems , *COLD War, 1945-1991 , *CULTURE - Abstract
Why does the United States seek to export its own political and economic system as part of an intervention? We argue that the United States has an ideologically inflected strategic culture which has yielded two "ways" of intervention over time. The limited model is cost-conscious and cedes control over the future of the state to local actors provided that they guarantee open markets and good government. The vindicationist model involves the United States paying costs to remake another society in its own image. We argue that the vindicationist way of intervention is activated by specific types of strategic surprises, which cause policymakers to react by gambling on interventions to remake another society. To empirically investigate this claim, we examine the record of America's major interventions from 1946 to 2005 and present two contrasting case studies of Cold War interventions in Lebanon and the Dominican Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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4. Concrete Examples of Abstract Others: Testing Exemplar Availability as an Additional Explanation for Third-Person Perceptions.
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Schmierbach, Mike and Boyle, Michael P
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SENSORY perception , *COGNITIVE bias , *EXPLANATION - Abstract
Explanations for the third-person phenomenon generally hinge on either self-favoring biases or cognitive mechanisms. While controlling for common perceptual factors, we demonstrate an additional cognitive component: exemplar availability, using a 2-study design. The first considers the third-person perception in the context of media-generated stereotypes. The second considers 3 distinct types of advertisements meant to evoke varied third- and first-person perceptions. Results of both studies showed that the ability to think of examples serves as the most consistent predictor, even after accounting for the influence of perceived exposure and similarity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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5. Nonclinical Safety Assessment of AMG 553, an Investigational Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
- Author
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Karbowski, Christine, Goldstein, Rebecca, Frank, Brendon, Kim, Kei, Li, Chi-Ming, Homann, Oliver, Hensley, Kelly, Brooks, Benjamin, Wang, Xiaoting, Yan, Qinghong, Hernandez, Rocio, Adams, Gregor, Boyle, Michael, Arvedson, Tara, and Lebrec, Herve
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CHIMERIC antigen receptors ,ACUTE myeloid leukemia ,CD19 antigen ,BONE marrow cells ,HEMATOPOIETIC stem cells ,KRA ,HEMATOPOIETIC growth factors - Abstract
Feline McDonough Sarcoma-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), a tyrosine-protein kinase involved in hematopoiesis, is detectable on the cell surface of approximately 80% of leukemia isolates from adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AMG 553 is an investigational chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy for the treatment of AML. FLT3 expression analysis and in vitro and in vivo studies were leveraged to evaluate the nonclinical safety of AMG 553. Cynomolgus monkeys administered autologous anti-FLT3 CAR T cells demonstrated no evidence of CAR T-cell-mediated toxicity, expansion, or persistence, likely due to restricted cell surface FLT3 protein expression in healthy animals. This highlights the limited value of such in vivo studies for safety assessment of the CAR T-cell modality when directed against a target with restricted expression. To complement these studies and directly evaluate the potential toxicities of eliciting T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity against cells with surface expression of FLT3 protein in vivo , data from cynomolgus monkey toxicology studies with 2 bispecific T-cell engager molecules targeting FLT3 were leveraged; findings were consistent with the targeted killing of bone marrow cells expressing cell surface FLT3. Potential AMG 553-induced cytotoxicity was assessed against a wide range of normal human primary cells and cell lines; cytotoxicity was observed against FLT3-positive AML cell lines and a percentage of primary bone marrow CD34
+ cells. In conclusion, the nonclinical safety data suggest that AMG 553 can target FLT3 protein on AML cells, whereas only affecting a percentage of normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, supporting clinical development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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6. Digital Microscopy, Image Analysis, and Virtual Slide Repository.
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Aeffner, Famke, Adissu, Hibret A, Boyle, Michael C, Cardiff, Robert D, Hagendorn, Erik, Hoenerhoff, Mark J, Klopfleisch, Robert, Newbigging, Susan, Schaudien, Dirk, Turner, Oliver, and Wilson, Kristin
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- 2018
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7. A role for autoantibodies in atherogenesis.
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Iseme, Rosebella A., McEvoy, Mark, Kelly, Brian, Agnew, Linda, Walker, Frederick R., Handley, Tonelle, Oldmeadow, Christopher, Attia, John, and Boyle, Michael
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AUTOANTIBODIES ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors ,INFLAMMATION ,ATHEROSCLEROSIS ,ANTICARDIOLIPIN antibodies - Abstract
An increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has long been recognized amongst people with autoimmune disease. It has been unclear whether this is due mainly to the ensuing treatment, particularly steroids, or whether some of this risk is due to the autoimmune process itself with subsequent inflammation. Indeed, a large body of evidence supports a role for chronic inflammation in atherogenesis, and autoantibodies have been identified as mediators in this complex inflammatory environment. Our aim is to carry out a systematic review of existing literature in order to formally establish the strength of the association between autoantibodies and atherosclerosis, amongst individuals without clinical autoimmune disease. An electronic search of five databases to June 2016 was performed by two independent reviewers. Inclusion criteria were analytical studies of adults, with at least two studies per autoantibody. Quality analysis was carried out using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Quality Assessment Tool where appropriate. Where possible, studies were pooled using random effects models. Raised levels of anti-cardiolipin (odds ratio [OR] = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.15-1.49) and anti-oxidized low-density lipoprotein Immunoglobulin (Ig) G (OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.11-1.41), unspecified anti-cyclic citrullinated protein (OR = 3.09; 95% CI: 1.49-6.41) and anti-human heat shock protein 60 IgA (OR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.15-2.16) were observed to increase the risk of cardiovascular outcomes. Alternatively, Anti-phosphorylcholine IgM (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.14-1.50) conferred protection against CVD. Our results support an important role for autoantibodies in mediating cardiovascular events, independent of therapeutic treatments. Future research may focus on the presence of autoantibodies as markers of immune dysregulation and CVD risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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8. Measurement Invariance Across Parent and Self-Ratings of Extremely Low Birth Weight Survivors and Normal Birth Weight Controls in Childhood and Adolescence on the Child Behavior Checklist and Youth Self-Report.
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Van Lieshout, Ryan J., Boyle, Michael H., Schmidt, Louis A., Saigal, Saroj, and Ferro, Mark A.
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CHILD Behavior Checklist ,YOUTH Self-Report ,LOW birth weight ,MATHEMATICAL symmetry ,TREATMENT of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ,EMOTIONAL problems of children ,EMOTIONAL problems of teenagers - Abstract
Objective This study examined the measurement invariance of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Youth Self-Report (YSR) DSM-oriented scales between extremely low birth weight (ELBW) and normal birth weight (NBW) youth. Methods The sample included 158 ELBW survivors and 145 matched, NBW controls at 8 and 12-16 years of age. Results Strict invariance was established at 8 years for parent-reported CBCL attention-deficit hyperactivity, conduct, and oppositional defiant scales, though invariance could not be established for affective problems at 8 or 12-16 years. Strict invariance was observed between 12-16-year-old ELBW and NBW groups on attention-deficit hyperactivity, anxiety, and oppositional defiant CBCL and YSR scales. Invariance could not be established for youth-reported conduct problems. Conclusions While the majority of CBCL/YSR DSM-oriented subscales assess the same concepts in both ELBW and NBW children and adolescents across parent and youth reports, this may not be the case for affective and conduct problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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9. Caesarean delivery and neonatal mortality rates in 46 low- and middle-income countries: a propensity-score matching and meta-analysis of Demographic and Health Survey data.
- Author
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Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Shannon, Harry S, Georgiades, Katholiki, and Boyle, Michael H
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- 2013
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10. Longitudinal Invariance of Measurement and Structure of Global Self-Concept: A Population-Based Study Examining Trajectories Among Adolescents With and Without Chronic Illness.
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Ferro, Mark A. and Boyle, Michael H.
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SELF-perception ,LONGITUDINAL method ,CHRONIC diseases ,AUTONOMY (Psychology) ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors - Abstract
Objective The objectives of this study were to determine whether a measure of global self-concept demonstrated longitudinal measurement invariance between adolescents aged 10-19 years with and without chronic illness and to document differences in their global self-concept trajectories over time. Methods Data were obtained from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (N = 10,064). Global self-concept was measured using a scale based on the Self-Determination Questionnaire. Results 16 percent of adolescents had chronic illness. There was evidence of partial longitudinal invariance in global self-concept between adolescents with and without chronic illness. Controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, adolescents with a chronic illness exhibited lower levels of global self-concept and more precipitous declines over time. Conclusions The results from this study suggest that comparisons of global self-concept between adolescents with and without chronic illness are meaningful and, compared to healthy controls, adolescents with chronic illness are at risk for low global self-concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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11. The costs and consequences of drone warfare.
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BOYLE, MICHAEL J.
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DRONE aircraft , *AERIAL bombing , *COUNTERTERRORISM - Abstract
One of the distinctive elements of President Barack Obama's approach to counterterrorism has been his embrace of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or drones, to target terrorist operatives abroad. The Obama administration has used drones in active theatres of war, such as Afghanistan, but it has also dramatically increased the number of drone attacks launched by the CIA in other countries, such as Pakistan, Yemen and Somalia. The conventional wisdom on drone warfare holds that these weapons are highly effective in killing terrorist operatives and disabling terrorist organizations, while killing fewer civilians than other means of attack. This article argues that much of the existing debate on drones operates with an attenuated notion of effectiveness that discounts the political and strategic dynamics-such as the corrosion of the perceptions of competence and legitimacy of governments where drone strikes take place, growing anti-Americanism and fresh recruitment of militant networks-that reveal the costs of drone warfare. Focusing particularly on drone use in Pakistan, Yemen and Somalia, the article suggests that the Obama administration's counterterrorism policy operates at cross-purposes because it provides a steady flow of arms and financial resources to build up governments whose legitimacy it systematically undermines by conducting unilateral strikes on their territory. It concludes that the US embrace of drone technology is a losing proposition over the long term as it will usher in a new arms race and lay the foundations for an international system that is increasingly violent, destabilized and polarized between those who have drones and those who are victims of them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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12. A Systematic Review of Self-Concept in Adolescents With Epilepsy.
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Ferro, Mark A., Ferro, Annalise L., and Boyle, Michael H.
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SELF-perception in adolescence ,EPILEPSY in adolescence ,MEDLINE ,META-analysis ,MENTAL health - Abstract
Objective To critically assess the research quality of studies examining self-concept in adolescents with epilepsy (AWE) and, based on the evidence of these studies, to determine whether AWE have compromised self-concept, to identify correlates of self-concept, and to evaluate interventions aimed at improving self-concept. Method MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for relevant publications. The modified Quality Index was used to evaluate study quality. Results 20 studies were reviewed and 8 studies were included in a meta-analysis. There was no significant difference in self-concept between AWE versus healthy control subjects. Self-concept was associated with a number of sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral variables. Conclusion The limited number and modest quality of the studies available for review suggest that the negative findings should be interpreted with caution. In addition to addressing the limitations of existing studies, future research should focus on exploring the potential role of self-concept in the development of mental health problems in AWE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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13. Exploring Third-Person Differences Between Gamers and Nongamers.
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Schmierbach, Mike, Boyle, Michael P., Xu, Qian, and McLeod, Douglas M.
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VIDEO gamers , *COMMUNICATIONS research , *VIDEO games , *RESPONDENTS , *THIRD person narrative , *DIFFERENCES - Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the third-person perception, but many aspects of its origin and consequences remain unaddressed. In this study, we examine how potential positive and negative video game effects are perceived differently based on the extent to which respondents actually play video games. Although video games exhibit clear third-person perceptions and subsequent support for censorship, these patterns are greatly diminished for heavy players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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14. Sleep Problems, Tiredness, and Psychological Symptoms among Healthy Adolescents.
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Coulombe, J. Aimée, Reid, Graham J., Boyle, Michael H., and Racine, Yvonne
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SLEEP disorders in adolescence ,FATIGUE (Physiology) ,ADOLESCENT psychology ,PATHOLOGICAL psychology ,CROSS-sectional method - Abstract
Objective To examine the contribution of adolescents’ sleep problems and tiredness to psychological symptoms after accounting for shared risk and psychological co-morbidity. Methods Secondary analyses of cross-sectional data on 12–16-year-old (N = 980) adolescents without chronic illness, functional limitation, or developmental delay. Adolescents rated sleep problems, tiredness, and psychological symptoms. Parents provided information about risk factors, adolescent tiredness, and psychological symptoms. Results Prior to accounting for psychological co-morbidity, most sleep variables were significant correlates of adolescent-, but not parent-rated, psychological symptoms. After accounting for psychological co-morbidity: nightmares were associated with adolescent-rated anxiety/depression; sleeping more than others was associated with adolescent-rated aggression; trouble sleeping was associated with adolescent-rated attention problems, anxiety/depression, and withdrawal; and adolescent-rated tiredness was associated with adolescent-rated aggression and withdrawal. Conclusions Studies examining sleep and psychopathology should control for psychological co-morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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15. Concurrent Associations among Sleep Problems, Indicators of Inadequate Sleep, Psychopathology, and Shared Risk Factors in a Population-based Sample of Healthy Ontario Children.
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Coulombe, J. Aimée, Reid, Graham J., Boyle, Michael H., and Racine, Yvonne
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SLEEP deprivation ,PATHOLOGICAL psychology ,DISEASE risk factors ,DEVELOPMENTAL delay ,AGGRESSION (Psychology) - Abstract
Objectives Examine the contribution of sleep problems and indicators of inadequate sleep to psychopathology among children after accounting for shared risk and comorbid psychopathology. Methods Secondary analyses of cross-sectional data on 4- to 11-year-old (N = 1,550) children without chronic illness or developmental delay or disability. Parents provided information about sleep problems, indicators of inadequate sleep, symptoms of psychopathology, and risk factors for psychopathology. Teachers provided information about indicators of inadequate sleep and symptoms of psychopathology. Results Adjusting for risk factors and comorbid psychopathology, sleeping more than other children was related to parent-rated aggression. Nightmares and trouble sleeping were related to parent-rated anxious/depressed mood. Sleep problems were not related to attention problems. Being overtired was related to parent- and teacher-rated psychopathology. Conclusions Relations among sleep problems, indicators of inadequate sleep, and psychopathology are complex; accounting for potential confounding variables and considering sleep variables separately may clarify these relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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16. Do counterterrorism and counterinsurgency go together?
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BOYLE, MICHAEL J.
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MILITARY strategy , *NATIONAL security , *COUNTERINSURGENCY , *COUNTERTERRORISM , *INSURGENCY , *MILITARY policy - Abstract
One of the underlying assumptions of the contemporary debate over Afghanistan is that counterterrorism objectives can be achieved through counterinsurgency methods. The recent decision by President Barack Obama to deploy 30,000 extra troops to Afghanistan is premised on the idea that to disrupt Al Qaeda and prevent it from forming training camps in Afghanistan it will be necessary to first reverse the momentum of the Taleban insurgency. This approach—which places the US and UK on the offensive to disrupt terrorist plots before they arrive on their shores—assumes that the threats from Al Qaeda and the Taleban are intertwined and thus the strategy of response must seamlessly comprise elements of counterterrorism and counterinsurgency. In fact, counterterrorism and counterinsurgency are very different—often contradictory—models of warfare, each with its own associated assumptions regarding the role of force, the importance of winning support among the local population, and the necessity of building strong and representative government. Rather than being mutually reinforcing, they may impose tradeoffs on each other, as counterterrorism activities may blunt the effectiveness of counterinsurgency approaches and vice versa. The last four years in Afghanistan provide evidence that when employed in the same theatre counterterrorism and counterinsurgency strategies can offset one another. To be in a position to begin the withdrawal of US troops before July 2011, the Obama administration will need to find a way to manage the tradeoffs between its counterterrorism and counterinsurgency strategies in Afghanistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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17. Maternal smoking, biofuel smoke exposure and child height-for-age in seven developing countries.
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Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, Georgiades, Katholiki, and Boyle, Michael H.
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CHILDREN'S health ,CIGARETTE smokers ,SMOKING ,TOBACCO use ,BIOMASS energy & the environment ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
Background Children are at high risk of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and biofuel smoke at home in developing countries. This study examines whether exposure to cigarette and biofuel smoke is associated with height-for-age of children (0–59 months) in seven developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2009
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18. The war on terror in American grand strategy.
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BOYLE, MICHAEL J.
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WAR on Terrorism, 2001-2009 , *SEPTEMBER 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001 , *REGIME change , *TERRORISM , *INTERNATIONAL relations ,FOREIGN relations of the United States, 2001-2009 - Abstract
The 9/11 attacks made the war on terror the central plank of American grand strategy. Yet despite its importance in shaping US policy choices, there has been considerable confusion over how the war on terror relates to foreign policy goals. This article attempts to locate the war on terror within American grand strategy and makes three claims. First, it argues that the Bush administration's approach to the war on terror rests on a false analogy between terrorism and fascism or communism. This has led to misinterpretations of the goals of the war on terror and to a persistent misuse of American power. Second, it suggests that the central purpose of the war on terror should be to de-legitimize terror as a tactic and to induce states to assume responsibility for controlling terrorists within their borders. American grand strategy should be focused on creating a normative anti-terror regime with costly commitments by linchpin states—defined as great powers and crucial but endangered allies such as Pakistan and Saudi Arabia—rather than on conducting regime change against rogue states on the margins of the international system. Success in the war on terror should be measured not by the perceived legitimacy of discrete US policy choices, but by the number of these crucial states who accept the de-legitimation of terrorism as a core foreign policy principle and act accordingly. Third, it argues that bilateral enforcement of an anti-terror regime imposes high costs for US power and puts other elements of American grand strategy— including the promotion of democracy and the promotion of human rights—at risk. To reduce these costs and to preserve American power over the long-term, the US should attempt to institutionalize cooperation in the war on terror and to scale back ambitious policy choices (such as achieving a democratic revolution in the Middle East) which increase the risks of state defection from the anti-terror regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
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19. America in denial.
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BOYLE, MICHAEL J.
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BOOKS , *INTERNATIONAL relations , *NONFICTION ,REVIEWS - Abstract
The recent publication of State of denial, by veteran Washington journalist Bob Woodward, created firestorm of controversy over its central claim that the Bush administration is in denial over the severity of the unfolding crisis in Iraq. But one of the most revealing aspects of the book is its portrayal of the American policymaking process as dysfunctional, incompetent and beset by personal rivalries and ambitions. Woodward's account of the Bush administration's handling of Iraq reveals that bureaucratic necrosis, cronyism and internecine warfare between the Pentagon and the State Department are now the signature features of the American government. Thus an alternative reading of Woodward's book suggests that American people are no longer in denial about Iraq, but have yet to reckon with the deeper problem: the deterioration of their foreign policy establishment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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20. Cure of multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii central nervous system infections with intraventricular or intrathecal colistin: case series and literature review.
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Ng, John, Gosbell, Iain B., Kelly, John A., Boyle, Michael J., and Ferguson, John K.
- Abstract
Objectives: CNS infections due to multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MRAB) are an emerging problem in neurosurgical patients. Colistin remains one of the few remaining treatment options for MRAB but has poor CNS penetration. We describe our experience with intraventricular or intrathecal colistin for this infection.Methods: Cases known to have received intraventricular or intrathecal colistin for CNS infections due to MRAB were retrospectively reviewed regarding colistin treatment, colistin efficacy and adverse events.Results: Five patients were identified. All were admissions to the neurosurgical ICU and all were cured of their CNS infections. Three cases were complicated by drug-induced aseptic meningitis or ventriculitis.Conclusions: This largest case series to date shows that direct instillation of colistin into the CNS may cause chemical meningitis or ventriculitis but it is an effective treatment option for MRAB CNS infection. Further study of dosing regimens is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2006
21. Expressive Responses to News Stories About Extremist Groups: A Framing Experiment.
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Boyle, Michael P., Schmierbach, Mike, Armstrong, Cory L., Cho, Jaeho, McCluskey, Michael, McLeod, Douglas M., and Shah, Dhavan V.
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NATIONAL security , *FEDERAL government , *CIVIL rights , *BROADCAST journalism , *MASS media , *RADICALS , *ACTIVISTS , *POLITICAL opposition , *PUBLIC support - Abstract
With the tension between national security and civil liberties as a backdrop, this study examines responses to news coverage of activist groups. This 2 × 2 experiment presented participants with news stories about government efforts to restrict the civil liberties of an “extremist” individual or group (news frame) advocating for a cause supported or opposed by the respondent (cause predisposition). Willingness to take expressive action was greatest for individual-framed stories about a cause opposed by the respondent and for group-framed stories about a cause supported by the respondent. We contend that when reporters frame stories about extremist groups around individuals, fewer people will speak out in favor of causes they agree with and more will rally against causes they oppose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
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22. Regulation of protein H expression in M1 serotype isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes
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Smith, Tara C., Sledjeski, Darren D., and Boyle, Michael D.P.
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CARRIER proteins ,STREPTOCOCCUS - Abstract
Protein H is an immunoglobulin-binding protein expressed by certain M1 serotypes of Streptococcus pyogenes. In a recent study of invasive group A isolates, it was found that none of the 16 M1 serotype isolates analyzed expressed protein H on their surface despite the presence of the protein H gene (sph) in approximately one-third of the isolates. Selection of stable protein H-expressing variants could be achieved by infection of prtH
+ non-expressing strains into a mouse skin and recovering bacteria from the spleen. This effect was independent of the transcription regulator Mga, since a similar effect was noted in an mga− mutant. Thus, host passage of S. pyogenes can lead to stable high level expression of Protein H. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2003
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23. A Pivotal Role for Interferon-gamma in Protection against Group A Streptococcal Skin Infection.
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Raeder, Roberta H., Barker-Merrill, Lisa, Lester, Terry, Boyle, Michael D.P., and Metzger, Dennis W.
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STREPTOCOCCAL diseases ,INTERFERONS ,INTERLEUKIN-12 - Abstract
Determines the role of interferon-alpha in the observed protection and in the natural immunity to group A streptococcal infection. Role of interleukin-12 in survival after infections caused by extracellular bacterial pathogens; Effect of the neutralization of interferon-alpha; Relationship between interleukin-12 pretreatment dosage and protection against lethal infection with group A streptococci.
- Published
- 2000
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24. Place Effects for Areas Defined by Administrative Boundaries.
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Boyle, Michael H. and Willms, J. Douglas
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QUALITY of life -- Environmental aspects ,HUMAN ecology research ,PUBLIC health research ,SMALL area statistics ,EPIDEMIOLOGY research methodology - Abstract
This study estimates the effects of place on the distribution of health problems, health-related quality of life, general well-being, and family functioning for youths and adults aged 12 years and older. Data come from the Ontario Health Survey, a cross-sectional study done in 1990 to provide baseline statistical data on population health within 42 public health units throughout the province. Place effects were generally small and were influenced by both the size of the geographic area used to define place and the health indicator selected for study. Variations in health explainable at the public health region level were less than 1%. Variations in health explainable within smaller geographic boundaries (enumeration areas) ranged from 4.7% for health problems to 0.2% for family functioning. Adjustment for area differences in the age, gender, education, marital slatus, income, and birthplace of inhabitants reduced these place effects at the enumeration area level to 3.7% for health problems and to less than 0.1% for family functioning. The lack of evidence for place effects within large jurisdictional boundaries raises questions about both the usefulness of carrying out health needs assessment surveys within these areas and the informativeness of these geographic boundaries for studying place effects. Am J Epidemiol 1999;149:577–85. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1999
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25. Purging Tumor Cells From Bone Marrow by Use of Antibody and Complement: A Critical Appraisal2.
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Gee, Adrian P. and Boyle, Michael D. P.
- Abstract
This review highlighted several problems associated with the use of antibody and complement in the elimination of tumor cells from bone marrow that was to be used for transplantation, and it discussed some of the difficulties encountered in developing this approach in model systems. These problems should be seriously considered by any clinician contemplating this method for bone marrow purging. [J Natl Cancer Inst 1988;80:154-159] [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1988
26. Role of emm and mrp Genes in the Virulence of Group A Streptococcal Isolate 64/14 in a Mouse Model of Skin Infection.
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Boyle, Michael D. P., Raeder, Roberta, Flosdorff, Annegret, and Podbielski, Andreas
- Abstract
The virulence of group A streptococcal isolate 64/14 and paired isogenic mutants in which either the emm or mrp gene had been insertionally inactivated was compared in mice. Loss of expression of the emm gene product resulted in a significant loss of virulence when the isolate was injected into the skin but had no significant difference when injected intraperitoneally. By contrast, inactivation of the mrp gene caused the organism to be more virulent in the skin, while having no significant effect intraperitoneally. An isogenic mutant, in which the mga gene was inactivated and neither the emm gene nor the mrp gene was expressed, demonstrated no significant difference in virulence from the wild type organism. Organisms recovered from the spleen of mice lethally infected with the mga mutant expressed all Mga-regulated IgG-binding gene products despite the presence of the spectinomycin-resistance cassette, which was used to inactivate the mga gene, in its original position. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1998
27. Identification of Key Gene Products Required for Acquisition of Plasmin-like Enzymatic Activity by Group A Streptococci.
- Author
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Christner, Robert, Li, Zhuqing, Raeder, Roberta, Podbielski, Andreas, and Boyle, Michael D. P.
- Abstract
Group A streptococci incubated in human plasma can acquire a plasmin-like enzymatic activity. This process involves at least two bacterial proteins and two human protein cofactors. In this study, the key bacterial proteins were identified by using a series of isogenic mutants of group A isolate, CS101. These studies confirm a key role for the secreted plasminogen activator, streptokinase, and identify the major surface fibrinogen-binding protein as the product of the mrp gene. The requirement for human fibrinogen and plasminogen as key cofactors was also confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1997
28. Properties of IgG-Binding Proteins Expressed by Streptococcus pyogenes Isolates Are Predictive of Invasive Potential.
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Raeder, Roberta and Boyle, Michael D. P.
- Abstract
Recent clinical Streptococcus pyogenes isolates of the Ml serotype can be grouped according to the IgG-binding properties of their M proteins. One group expressed an IgG-binding M1 protein reactive with human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 (type IIo); the other expressed a protein with predominant reactivity with human IgG3 alone (type IIb). Both IgG-binding protein phenotypes were equally resistant to phagocytosis in human blood; however, when they were injected into a skin air sac on outbred CD1 mice, all mice injected with Ml isolates of the type IIo phenotype were dead within 70 h, while only 40% of those injected with M1 isolates of the type IIb phenotype died within the same period. Bacteria recovered from the spleens of animals that died after injection with type IIb phenotype isolates demonstrated a change in their IgG-binding profile and were indistinguishable, in vitro or in vivo, from isolates displaying the type IIo phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Role of staphylokinase in the acquisition of plasmin(ogen)-dependent enzymatic activity by staphylococci.
- Author
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Christner, Robert B., Boyle, Michael D. P., Christner, R B, and Boyle, M D
- Abstract
In this study, the role of the staphylococcal plasminogen activator, staphylokinase (SAK), was analyzed for its ability to mediate acquisition of cell-associated plasmin-like activity by staphylococci in the presence of a source of human plasminogen. A panel of staphylococcal strains isolated from humans was tested for the presence of the SAK gene, secretion of the plasminogen activator, and the ability to acquire enzymatic activity when incubated with purified human plasminogen or serum. When SAK was compared with the eukaryotic plasminogen activators, urokinase and tissue plasminogen activator, only SAK could mediate acquisition of cell-associated enzymatic activity by staphylococci without first generating significant fluid-phase plasmin. These studies provide evidence for a novel mechanism by which SAK-producing S. aureus can acquire an unregulatable host plasmin-like activity that might contribute to their invasive potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1996
30. A role for fibrinogen in the streptokinase-dependent acquisition of plasmin(ogen) by group A streptococci.
- Author
-
Wang, Hong, Lottenberg, Richard, Boyle, Michael D. P., Wang, H, Lottenberg, R, and Boyle, M D
- Abstract
Acquisition of plasmin(ogen) by group A streptococci occurs by two distinct pathways. In addition to the well-characterized direct interaction of plasmin with cell-surface receptors on group A streptococci, a second pathway dependent on streptokinase and a nonplasminogen factor(s) present in human plasma was identified. The role of streptokinase in the second pathway was not merely as a plasminogen activator, since substitution of the plasminogen activator urokinase did not result in the capture of plasmin(ogen) by bacteria in the presence of plasminogen-depleted plasma. However, if streptokinase was added to plasmin that had been generated by treatment of plasminogen with urokinase, the ability of the bacteria to capture plasmin in the presence of plasminogen-depleted plasma was restored. Fibrinogen present in human plasma was identified as the major factor required for streptokinase-dependent uptake of plasmin(ogen) by group A streptococci. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
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31. Analysis of plasmin(ogen) acquisition by clinical isolates of group A streptococci incubated in human plasma.
- Author
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Wang, Hong, Lottenberg, Richard, Boyle, Michael D. P., Wang, H, Lottenberg, R, and Boyle, M D
- Subjects
FIBRINOLYTIC agents ,ANIMAL experimentation ,BACTEREMIA ,CELL receptors ,COMPARATIVE studies ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,MICE ,PHARYNX ,PROTEOLYTIC enzymes ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH funding ,STREPTOCOCCUS ,STREPTOKINASE ,EVALUATION research - Abstract
Group A streptococci isolated from throat swabs or blood cultures were compared for the expression of plasmin(ogen) receptors. The majority of isolates bound 125I-labeled Lys-plasmin and 12SI-labeled Lys-plasminogen while displaying minimal reactivity with 125I-labeled Glu-plasminogen. All streptococcal isolates could acquire surface enzymatic activity when incubated in human plasma but not if the plasma had been depleted of plasminogen. The ability to acquire surface enzymatic activity was limited by the quantity of streptokinase in the reaction mixture. There was no statistically significant difference between group A streptococci isolated from throat swabs and those from blood cultures with respect to their interaction with components of the fibrinolytic system in human plasma. However, these isolates could be divided into two groups based on their ability to acquire surface enzymatic activity when incubated in plasma with exogenous streptokinase. Surprisingly, the acquisition of surface enzymatic activity when incubated in plasma containing streptokinase was not always correlated with the plasmin(ogen) binding capacity determined by direct binding of radio labeled ligands. Analysis of this phenomenon suggests that group A streptococci can use diverse mechanisms to acquire plasmin(ogen)-dependent enzymatic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1994
32. Streptokinase-Producing Streptococci Grown in Human Plasma Acquire Unregulated Cell-Associated Plasmin Activity.
- Author
-
Lottenberg, Richard, Desjardin, Lucy E., Wang, Hong, and Boyle, Michael D. P.
- Abstract
Group A streptococci grown in the presence of human plasma generated plasmin from plasminogen and captured the functional enzyme to a specific cell-surface receptor. Bacteria-bound plasmin was not regulated by α2-antiplasmin present in the medium. The ability of the bacteria to acquire cell-associated plasmin activity was dependent on both the presence of plasminogen in the culture medium and the production of a bacterial plasminogen activator, streptokinase. The ability of group A streptococci to produce a plasminogen activator and capture resulting plasmin in an unregulatable form could provide the organism with a mechanism for invasion of normal tissue barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Group B Streptococcal C Protein-Associated Antigens: Association with Neonatal Sepsis.
- Author
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Chun, Colleen S. Y., Brady, L. Jeannine, Boyle, Michael D. R, Dillon, Hugh C., and Ayoub, Elia M.
- Abstract
The c protein (Ibc) of group B streptococci (GBS) is associated with at least four antigens (a, β, γ, δ). To assess the virulence potential of these antigens, 255 GBS isolates recovered from septic neonates, healthy neonates, and pregnant women were serotyped and surveyed for reactivity with sera to c protein and the four associated antigens. A radioimmunoassay using intact bacteria was used to detect the GBS antigens. In contrast to earlier reports, most (66%) of the type III strains expressed the c protein. Except for the 'Y antigen, none of the other c protein- associated antigens showed an increased association with pathogenic strains independent of the polysaccharide antigens. The γ antigen was expressed by 15 of 41 c protein-positive earlyonset strains and by 4 of 38 c protein-positive late-onset strains (P = .007). This association was independent of the type-specific antigen, suggesting a potential role for the 'Y antigen as a virulence factor in GBS strains causing early-onset sepsis. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1991
34. Two Novel Antigens Associated with Group B Streptococci Identified by a Rapid Two-Stage Radioimmunoassay.
- Author
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Brady, L. Jeannine, Daphtary, Uday D., Ayoub, Elia M., and Boyle, Michael D. P.
- Abstract
A two-stage radioimmunoassay (RIA) has been developed that identifies type-specific antigens on the surfaces of group B streptococci. In addition to detecting the type-specific carbohydrate antigens Ia, Ib, II, and III, the RIA identified four unique antigens reactive with the Centers for Disease Control's c-protein typing antiserum. Analysis of hot-acid extracts by immunoelectrophoresis confirmed that two of these reactivities corresponded to the reported α and β antigens of the c-protein marker. In addition, the identification of two heretofore unidentified antigens, γ and δ, by the two-stage RIA is detailed in this report. The assay uses intact bacteria and does not require hot-acid extraction, a procedure thus enabling detection of acid-labile antigens in their native unmodified form. The semiquantitative RIA requires less typing reagent than does precipitin testing and is more objective, reproducible, and rapid. The assay described here could be applied to the detection of any cell surface antigen for which a monospecific antiserum is available. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1988
35. Protection of Mice from Group A Streptococcal Skin Infection by Interleukin-12.
- Author
-
Metzger, Dennis W., Raeder, Roberta, Van Cleave, Victor H., and Boyle, Michael D. P.
- Abstract
It has been shown that interleukin (IL)-12 induces cell-mediated immunity and provides significant protection against intracellular organisms. The ability of this cytokine to enhance immunity in a mouse model of group A streptococcal skin infection was studied. Outbred CD1 mice were injected for 3 consecutive days with 0.1 µg of recombinant murine IL-12 before or after challenge with strain 64/14 group A streptococci. In both cases, in vivo IL-12 treatment significantly decreased the rate of death after infection and increased survival over the period of experimental observation. Thus, IL-12 may be useful for treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections. The time course of the experiments suggests that IL-12 is acting in this model system to enhance natural, rather than acquired, immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Adalimumab for Corticosteroid and Infliximab-Resistant Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in the Setting of TB/HIV Coinfection.
- Author
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Lwin, Nilar, Boyle, Michael, and Davis, Joshua S
- Abstract
Corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). However, little is known about how to treat IRIS unresponsive to steroids. We report a patient with HIV-TB coinfection who was unresponsive to first prednisolone and then infliximab but whose IRIS resolved with adalimumab. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. A war in search of a rationale.
- Author
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BOYLE, MICHAEL J.
- Subjects
- *
NONFICTION - Abstract
The recent publications of memoirs by former Director of Central Intelligence George Tenet and former Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Douglas J. Feith have reopened the debate over the origins of the Iraq War. Both men—who were widely blamed for the ‘intelligence failure’ on weapons of mass destruction and the exaggerated connection between Al-Qaeda and Iraq—purport to set the record straight about what really happened inside the Bush administration during the run-up to the war. Yet, both men have actually produced books marked by a strange combination of self-pity and disingenuousness. This article looks at their attempts at self-justification in light of the growing evidence that the decision to invade was made in mid-2002; if true, their arguments that they were participating in a genuine policy debate rather than a search for a rationale become problematic. Rather than exculpating themselves, their memoirs instead serve as damning indictments of both men, showing how Tenet and Feith enabled the President's decision to wage war on Iraq as a matter of choice rather than necessity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Book reviews.
- Author
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Boyle, Michael J., Bell, Duncan, Sari, Aurel, Aidan Hehir, Burges, Sean W., Detter, Ingrid, Pant, Harsh, Dumbrell, John, Rathmell, Andrew, Palkki, David, Singh, Robert, Alam, Undala, Raponi, Danilo, Bonaglia, Federico, Abecasis-Phillips, John A. S., Turunc, Hasan, Kyle, Keith, Bellamy, Alex J., Foley, Matthew, and Ryan, David
- Subjects
- *
NONFICTION - Abstract
Book reviews in this article: International Relations theory The logic of violence in civil war. By Stathis N. Kalyvas. The Oxford handbook of contextual political analysis. Edited by Robert E. Goodin and Charles H. Tilly. The Oxford handbook of political theory. Edited by John S. Dryzek, Bonnie Honig and Anne Phillips. International law and organization Terrorism and the state: rethinking the rules of state responsibility. By Tal Becker. Humanitarian intervention. Edited by Terry Nardin and Melissa S. Williams. Managing the challenges of WTO participation: 45 case studies. Edited by Peter Gallagher, Patrick Low and Andrew L. Stoler. Between peril and promise: the politics of international law. By J. Martin Rochester. Promoting the rule of law abroad: in search of knowledge. Edited by Thomas Carothers. Foreign policy Deterring America: rogue states and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. By Derek Smith. Bush and Asia: America's evolving relations with East Asia. Edited by Mark Beeson. Old Europe, new Europe and the US: renegotiating transatlantic security in the post 9/11 era. Edited by Tom Lansford and Blagovest Tashev. Conflict, security and armed forces Cobra II: the inside story of the invasion and occupation of Iraq. By Michael R. Gordon and General Bernard E. Trainor. Fiasco: the American military adventure in Iraq. By Thomas E. Ricks. Preventive attack and weapons of mass destruction: a comparative historical analysis. By Lyle J. Goldstein. In the name of terrorism: presidents on political violence in the post-World War II era. By Carol K. Winkler. Politics, democracy and social affairs Corruption: anthropological perspectives. Edited by Dieter Haller and Cris Shore. Cambiare regime. La sinistra e gli ultimi 45 dittatori. By Christian Rocca. Political economy, economics and development How we compete: what companies around the world are doing to make it in today's global economy. By Suzanne Berger. Ethnicity and cultural politics Islamic imperialism: a history. By Efraim Karsh. The Kurds in Turkey: EU accession and human rights. By Kerim Yildiz. History The ends of British imperialism: the scramble for empire, Suez and decolonization. By Wm Roger Louis. Among the dead cities: was the Allied bombing of civilians in WWII a necessity or a crime? By A. C. Grayling. Total Cold War: Eisenhower's secret propaganda battle at home and abroad. By Kenneth Osgood. Congress and the Cold War. By Robert David Johnson. Europe The will to survive: a history of Hungary. By Bryan Cartledge. Russia and Eurasia Revolution in orange: the origins of Ukraine's democratic breakthrough. Edited by Anders Åslund and Michael McFaul. Middle East and North Africa Confronting Iran. By Ali M. Ansari. Syria and Iran: diplomatic alliance and power politics in the Middle East. By Jubin Goodarzi. Islam, democracy and the state in Algeria: lessons for the Western Mediterranean and beyond. Edited by Michael Bonner, Megan Reif and Mark Tessler. Sub-Saharan Africa Thabo Mbeki and the battle for the sould of the ANC. By William Mervin Gumede. The other side of history: an anecdotal reflection on political transition in South Africa. By Frederik van Zyl Slabbert. Asia and Pacific Bangladesh: the next Afghanistan? By Hiranmay Karlekar. North America State of war: the secret history of the CIA and the Bush administration. By James Risen. The United States and right-wing dictatorships. By David F. Schmitz. Latin America and Caribbean When states kill: Latin America, the US and technologies of terror. Edited by Cecilia Menjívar and Néstor Rodríguez. Contesting citizenship in Latin America: the rise of indigenous movements and the postliberal challenge. By Deborah J. Yashar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Book reviews.
- Author
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Detter, Ingrid, Hopkins, Michael F., Mabee, Bryan, Jarvis, Lee, Boyle, Michael J., Koenig-Archibugi, Mathias, Dungan, Nicholas W. F.-R., Hörber, Thomas, Ryan, David, Shaikh, Farzana, Abecasis-Phillips, John A. S., Griffiths, David, Goldstein, Andrea, Wigan, Duncan, Bonaglia, Federico, Elliott, Lorraine, Kyle, Keith, Angell, Alan, Dana Armean, and Rynning, Sten
- Subjects
- INTERNATIONAL Organizations (Book), INTERNATIONAL Organizations As Law-Makers (Book), INTERNATIONAL Human Rights Lexicon (Book), AMERICA'S Failing Empire: US Foreign Relations Since the Cold War (Book)
- Abstract
Books reviewed in this article: International law and organization International organizations as law-makers. By José E. Alvarez International human rights lexicon. By Susan Marks and Andrew Clapham America's failing empire: US foreign relations since the Cold War. By Warren I. Cohen Conflict, security and armed forces The new wars. By Herfried Münkler The new western way of war. By Martin Shaw Critical security studies and world politics. Edited by Ken Booth Politics, democracy and social affairs Gulliver unbound: America's imperial temptation and the war in Iraq. By Stanley Hoffman and Frédéric Bozo The limits of global governance. By Jim Whitman Une société internationale en mutation: quels acteurs pour une nouvelle gouvernance? Edited by Laurence Boisson de Chazournes and Rostane Mehdi First democracy: the challenge of an ancient idea. By Paul Woodruff The opportunity: America's moment to alter history's course. By Richard N. Haass Setting the people free: the story of democracy. By John Dunn Ethnicity and cultural politics Landscapes of the jihad: militancy, morality, modernity. By Faisal Devji Globalization and the Muslim world: culture, religion, and modernity. Edited by Birgit Schaebler and Leif Stenberg Foreign territory: the internationalization of EU asylum policy. By Oxfam Political economy, economics and development Local players in global games: the strategic constitution of a multinational corporation. By Peer Hull Kristensen and Jonathan Zeitlin Multinationals and global capitalism: from the nineteenth to the twenty-first century Leviathans: multinational corporations and the new global history. Edited by Alfred D. Chandler, Jr and Bruce Mazlish The new masters of capital: American bond rating agencies and the politics of creditworthiness. By Timothy J. Sinclair Labour in a global world: case studies from the white goods industry in Africa, South America, East Asia and Europe. By Theo Nichols and Surhan Cam Energy and environment The new accountability: environmental responsibility across borders. By Michael R. Mason History Poisoned peace: 1945 the war that never ended. By Gregor Dallas Britain, the Six-day War and its aftermath. By Frank Brenchley In the midst of events: the Foreign Office diaries and papers of Kenneth Younger, February 1950–October 1951. By Geoffrey Warner The Nixon administration and the death of Allende's Chile: a case of assisted suicide. By Jonathan Haslam Michael of Romania: the king and the country. By Ivor Porter Europe The enlargement of the European Union and NATO: ordering from the menu in Central Europe. By Wade Jacoby International relations and the European Union. Edited by Christopher Hill and Michael Smith The politics of exclusion: institutions and immigration policy in contemporary Germany. By Simon Green Europe and the recognition of new states in Yugoslavia. By Richard Caplan Russia and Eurasia Kazakhstan: power and the elite. By Sally N. Cummings Radical Islam in Central Asia: between pen and rifle. By Vitaly V. Naumkin Sub-Saharan Africa Darfur: the ambiguous genocide. By Gérard Prunier Darfur: a short history of a long war. By Julie Flint and Alex de Waal Institutions and ethnic politics in Africa. By Daniel Posner Civil militia: Africa's intractable security menace? Edited by David J. Francis The African Union: pan-Africanism, peacebuilding and development. By Timothy Murithi Politics in francophone Africa. By Victor T. Le Vine Asia and Pacific America's miracle man in Vietnam. By Seth Jacobs North America Addicted to oil: America's relentless drive for energy security. By Ian Rutledge America: sovereign defender or cowboy nation? Edited by Vladimir Shlapentokh, Joshua Woods and Eric Shiraev Devastating society: the neo-conservative assault on democracy and justice. Edited by Bernd Hamm Latin America and Caribbean The third wave of Latin American democratization: advances and setbacks. Edited by Frances Hagopian and Scott P. Mainwaring Institutional reforms: the case of Colombia. Edited by Alberto Alesina Hugo Chávez and the Bolivarian revolution. By Richard Gott [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Book Reviews.
- Author
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Chan, Joseph Y. C., Buzan, Barry, Kane, M. C., Makinda, Samuel M., McDonald, Robert, Ryan, David, Newton, Julie, Freeman, Christopher, Laffey, Mark, Mauer, Victor, Choi, Ajin, Woods, Matthew, Mabee, Bryan, Mekelberg, David, Boyle, Michael J., Hume, Catherine, Azzam, Maha, Aberasis-Phillips, John A. S., and Polat, Necati
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL relations ,NONFICTION - Abstract
Books reviewed: G. John Ikenberry and Michael Mastanduno, International Relations theory and the Asia-Pacific Mark B. Salter, Barbarians and civilisation in international relations Philip Allott, The health of nations: society and law beyond the state Morten Bøås and Desmond McNeill, Multilateral institutions: a critical introduction Vassilis K. Fouskas, Zones of conflict: US foreign policy in the Balkans and the greater Middle East Thomas L. Friedman, Longitudes and attitudes: exploring the world after September 11 John Pinder and Yuri Shishkov, The EU and Russia: the promise of partnership Chester A. Crocker, Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall, Turbulent peace: the challenges of managing international conflict Tobias Debiel with Axel Klein, Fragile peace: state failure, violence and development in crisis regions Jolyon Howorth and John T.S. Keeler, Defending Europe: the EU, NATO and the quest for European autonomy Paul K. Huth and Todd L. Allee, The democratic peace and territorial conflict in the twentieth century Patrick M. Morgan, Deterrence now P. W. Singer, Corporate warriors: the rise of the privatized military industry Eytan Gilboa, Media and conflict: framing issues, making policy, shaping opinion Walter Lacqueur, No end to war: terrorism in the twenty-first century Fareed Zakaria, The future of freedom: illiberal democracy at home and abroad Elizabeth Sleeman, International who's who 2004 Akbar S. Ahmed, Islam under siege: living dangerously in a post-honor world Richard D. Lewis, The cultural imperative: global trends in the 21st century Amin Saikal, Islam and the West: conflict or cooperation? Sami Zubaida, Law and power in the Islamic world By. Graham Bird, The IMF and the future: issues and options facing the Fund Barry Eichengreen, Financial crises and what to do about them United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, World investment report 2002: transnational corporations and export competitiveness Elizabeth R. DeSombre, The global environment and world politics: International Relations for the 21
st century Paul F. Steinberg, Environmental leadership in developing countries: transnational relations and biodiversity policy in Costa Rica and Bolivia Carolyn L. Deere and Daniel C. Esty, Greening the Americas: NAFTA's lessons for hemispheric trade Csaba Békés, Malcolm Byrne and János Rainer, The 1956 Hungarian revolution: a history in documents Christoph Bluth, The two Germanies and military security in Europe Philip E. Catton, Diem's final failure: prelude to America's war in Vietnam Tibor Frank, Discussing Hitler. Advisers of US diplomacy in Central Europe, 1934–1941 Anthony Glees, The Stasi files: East Germany's secret operations against Britain Keith Kyle, Suez: Britain's end of empire in the Middle East Julian Lewis, Changing direction: British military planning for post-war strategic defence, 1942–1947 Richard Mayne, In victory, magnanimity: in peace, goodwill: a history of Wilton Park Robert McNamara, Britain, Nasser and the balance of power in the Middle East 1952–1967 Steven Merritt Miner, Stalin's holy war: religion, nationalism, and alliance politics, 1941–1945 Sophie Quinn-Judge, Ho Chi Minh: the missing years (1911–1941) Gary Sheffield and Geoffrey Till, The challenges of high command: the British experience Florian Bieber and Zidas Daskalovski, Understanding the war in Kosovo Ali Çarkoğlu and Barry Rubin, Turkey and the European Union: domestic politics, economic integration and international dynamics Alan J. Day, Roger East and Richard Thomas, A political and economic dictionary of Eastern Europe Tom Gallagher, The Balkans after the Cold War: from tyranny to tragedy Kemal Kurspahic, Prime time crime: Balkan media in war and peace David Bruce MacDonald, Balkan holocausts? Serbian and Croatian victim-centred propaganda and the war in Yugoslavia Sandra Lavenex and Emek M. Uçarer, Migration and the externalities of European integration Marko Lehti and David Smith, Post-Cold War identity politics: northern and Baltic experiences Pami Aalto, Constructing post-Soviet geopolitics in Estonia Anatol Lieven and Dmitri Trenin, Ambivalent neighbors: the EU, NATO and the price of membership J. H. H. Weiler, Iain Begg and John Peterson, Integration in an expanding European Union: reassessing the fundamentals Dale R. Herspring, Putin's Russia: past imperfect, future uncertain Ted Hopf, Social construction of international politics: identities and foreign policies, Moscow, 1955 and 1999 Necati Polat, Boundary issues in Central Asia Mark Downes, Iran's unresolved revolution Alan George, Syria. Neither bread nor freedom Tami Amanda Jacoby and Brent E. Sasley, Redefining security in the Middle East Owen Bennett Jones, Pakistan: eye of the storm Christophe Jaffrelot, Pakistan: nationalism without nation Rajat Ganguly and Ian MacDuff, Ethnic conflict and secessionism in South and Southeast Asia E. J. Dionne Jr. and William Kristol, Bush v. Gore. The court cases and the commentary Bruce Ackerman, Bush v. Gore. The question of legitimacy Ido Oren, Our enemies and US: America's rivalries and the making of political science Monica Herz and João Pontes Nogueira, Ecuador vs. Peru: peacemaking amid rivalry Frank Safford and Marco Palacios, Colombia: fragmented land, divided society [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Interaction between Group A Streptococci and the Plasmin(ogen) System Promotes Virulence in a Mouse Skin Infection Model.
- Author
-
Zhuqing Li, Ploplis, Victoria A., French, Esther L., and Boyle, Michael D.P.
- Subjects
STREPTOCOCCUS ,ENZYMATIC analysis ,MICROBIAL virulence - Abstract
Examines the effect of the enzymatic activity of group A streptococci on its virulence in a mouse skin infection model. Enhancement of virulence for bacteria preincubated in human plasma; Correlation between surface-associated enzymatic activity and virulence; Association of the assembly of a surface-associated plasmogen activator with virulence.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Drone wars: transforming conflict, law, and policy. Edited by Peter L. Bergen and Daniel Rothenberg; Drone theory. By Grégoire Chamayou.
- Author
-
Boyle, Michael J.
- Subjects
- *
DRONE aircraft , *NONFICTION - Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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