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Finland's security is integrally linked with its immediate surroundings, Europe, and global development. Given that Finland considers Russia to be one of the main challenges to its security, cross-border security cooperation with it is limited. Over the years the Finnish border authorities have, nevertheless, developed effective joint working practices with their Russian counterparts which provide a unique communication channel, even in the present geopolitical climate. The present paper address the Finnish-Russia security cooperation, and its lack, within a wider European frame and pits the practical experiences against ongoing theoretical discussion on security and threat perceptions. It argues that despite the more multifaceted understandings of borders and the EUropeanised rhetoric, the Finnish-Russian border is still very much a classic state border guarded by two states from their respective perspectives. In the Finnish-Russian case the content of cooperation has more to do with border management than with more coherent border security, as the former is build on a more common ground than the latter. Increased cooperation and Russian convergence with EU models of border security and management would certainly be of benefit, but Russia's willingness to cooperate seems half-hearted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is based on the idea of the project ..Debrecen - Oradea crossborder agglomeration (2020), mainly on the results from the first stage of this project - the sociological research which took place in the two target cities, Oradea and Debrecen, on three target groups and especially on the SWOT analyses. According to the results of the research corroborated with the Development Plan of the Bihor County and the Regional Plan of Development for the North- West Region we tried to draw up some directions to get from the idea of a project and concept ,,Debrecen - Oradea cross-border agglomeration,, to an efficient and functional unit for the two communities, considering the regional, national and European perspectives,, [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]