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Abstract The present study is focused on the synthesis of silver nano particles (Ag NPs) using an aqueous extract of the whole plant of Sida cordifolia as a potential bio-reducing agent and assessment of their antibacterial activity. UV–Vis spectroscopy of composed silver colloidal solution displayed surface Plasmon resonance peak at 420 nm. XRD and TEM analysis revealed the morphology as ultra-small, monodispersed spherical nanoparticles with face-centered cubic structure and mean particle size of 3–6 nm. This ultra-small nano size might owe to the slow reaction time and phytochemicals existing in the S. cordifolia extract. The Ag NPs are trailed for antibacterial activity against 5 fish (Aeromonas hydrophila , Pseudomonas fluorescence , Flavobacterium branchiophilum, Edwardsiella tarda and Yersinia rukeri) and 4 human (Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumonia , Bacillus subtilis and Staphyloccocus aureus) bacterial pathogens. In all the cases, Ag NPs from Sida cordifolia plant extract manifested noteworthy antibacterial effects on par with positive control i.e.; Gentamicin. Highlights • First report on the biosynthesis of Ag NPs using Sida Cordifolia plant extract. • Ultra Small, Monodispersed Ag NPs using green Synthesis. • Act as a good antibacterial agent against various human and fish bacterial pathogens. • Ag NPs were characterized with UV–Vis, XRD, SEM and TEM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]