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Plant-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) is a green and economically viable method, which can offer numerous benefits over traditional chemical and physical methods. In this paper, three fruit extracts (tomato, orange, and grapefruit) served simultaneously as stabilizing and reducing agents during the biosynthesis of Ag NPs. The formation of Ag NPs, were monitored using the UV–visible absorption spectra of Ag NPs which exhibited three distinct bands centered at 439, 413, and 410 nm. SEM and TEM analysis indicated that these bands corresponded to three distinct spherical-shaped Ag NPs having average particle sizes of 73, 24, and 31 nm, respectively. XRD and EDS spectral analyses were used to verify the degree of crystallinity, nanostructure, and presence of Ag NPs. Advanced analysis using XPS, FTIR, and GC-MS indicated that the Ag NPs were coated with a variety of organic compounds including acids, aldehydes, esters, and ketones, indicating that fruit derived phytochemicals had a significant role in synthesis, and subsequently a mechanism of Ag NPs formation was proposed. The fabricated nanoparticles were also successfully used in Fenton-like oxidation for the environmental remediation of estrone and estriol, with removal efficiencies of 52.1 and 35.9%, respectively. • Three different fruit extracts were used to synthesize Ag NPs. • Biomolecules in fruit extracts were confirmed. • Formation of Ag NPs by fruit extracts was proposed. • Green Ag NPs were useful as a catalyst to remove estrogen from aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Cost-effective synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Crataegus pentagyna fruit extract is reports for the first time. • The CP -AgNPs was characterized using XRD, FT-IR, EDS, TEM, SEM, DLS and UV–Vis. • Spherical CP -AgNPs showed a high photocatalytic and antibacterial activities in the degradation of organic pollutants and various bacteria, respectively. • As-synthesized silver nanoparticles were used against multi-drug resistance gram negative and gram positive of bacteria. In this work, a cost-effective/green/high-efficient/facile process for the preparation of silver nanoparticles using C. pentagyna (CP -AgNPs) fruit extractas as reducing agent and capping agent was reported. The influence of different parameters including temperature, pH, concentration and time were studied to reach optimum conditions. The as-synthesized CP -AgNPs were characterized using UV/Vis, XRD, SEM, TEM, EDS and DLS analysis. Regular, spherical morphology and homogeneous of CP -AgNPs with a mean particles size of 25–45 nm was determined from TEM images. The CP -AgNPs in presence of sunlight catalyzed the degradation of the organic contaminant dyes, rhodmine b (RhB), eosin (EY) and methylene blue (MB) with percent degradation of 85% and 70% and 78%, respectively. In addition, CP -AgNPs exhibit antibacterial activities against seven ATCC strains of bacteria and eight strains of drug-resistant bacteria. Due to the results, CP -AgNPs enhanced antimicrobial potential against S. aureus, E. faecalis , P. aeruginosa , A. baumannii and E. coli with MIC and MBC of (0.11, 7.1 µg/ml), (0.11, 1.7 µg/ml), (0.11, 0.22 µg/ml), (0.11, 0.22) and (0.11, 0.44 µg/ml), respectively. Generally, CP-AgNPs have excellent potential application for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutant and in the development of antibacterial materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]