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2. Are Speeded Tests Unfair? Modeling the Impact of Time Limits on the Gender Gap in Mathematics

Author

Stoevenbelt, Andrea H., Wicherts, Jelte M., Flore, Paulette C., Phillips, Lorraine A. T., Pietschnig, Jakob, Verschuere, Bruno, Voracek, Martin, and Schwabe, Inga

Abstract

When cognitive and educational tests are administered under time limits, tests may become speeded and this may affect the reliability and validity of the resulting test scores. Prior research has shown that time limits may create or enlarge gender gaps in cognitive and academic testing. On average, women complete fewer items than men when a test is administered with a strict time limit, whereas gender gaps are frequently reduced when time limits are relaxed. In this study, we propose that gender differences in test strategy might inflate gender gaps favoring men, and relate test strategy to stereotype threat effects under which women underperform due to the pressure of negative stereotypes about their performance. First, we applied a Bayesian two-dimensional item response theory (IRT) model to data obtained from two registered reports that investigated stereotype threat in mathematics, and estimated the latent correlation between underlying test strategy (here, completion factor, a proxy for working speed) and mathematics ability. Second, we tested the gender gap and assessed potential effects of stereotype threat on female test performance. We found a positive correlation between the completion factor and mathematics ability, such that more able participants dropped out later in the test. We did not observe a stereotype threat effect but found larger gender differences on the latent completion factor than on latent mathematical ability, suggesting that test strategies affect the gender gap in timed mathematics performance. We argue that if the effect of time limits on tests is not taken into account, this may lead to test unfairness and biased group comparisons, and urge researchers to consider these effects in either their analyses or study planning.

Published
2023
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4. The Psychological Science Accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

Author

Buchanan, Erin M., Lewis, Savannah C., Paris, Bastien, Forscher, Patrick S., Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Beshears, Julie E., Drexler, Shira Meir, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie, Mallik, Peter R, Silan, Miguel Alejandro A., Miller, Jeremy K., IJzerman, Hans, Moshontz, Hannah, Beaudry, Jennifer L., Suchow, Jordan W., Chartier, Christopher R., Coles, Nicholas A., Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Todsen, Anna Louise, Levitan, Carmel A., Azevedo, Flávio, Legate, Nicole, Heller, Blake, Rothman, Alexander J., Dorison, Charles A., Gill, Brian P., Wang, Ke, Rees, Vaughan W., Gibbs, Nancy, Goldenberg, Amit, Thi Nguyen, Thuy-vy, Gross, James J., Kaminski, Gwenaêl, von Bastian, Claudia C., Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Mosannenzadeh, Farnaz, Azouaghe, Soufian, Bran, Alexandre, Ruiz-Fernandez, Susana, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Reggev, Niv, Zickfeld, Janis H., Akkas, Handan, Pantazi, Myrto, Ropovik, Ivan, Korbmacher, Max, Arriaga, Patrícia, Gjoneska, Biljana, Warmelink, Lara, Alves, Sara G., de Holanda Coelho, Gabriel Lins, Stieger, Stefan, Schei, Vidar, Hanel, Paul H. P., Szaszi, Barnabas, Fedotov, Maksim, Antfolk, Jan, Marcu, Gabriela-Mariana, Schrötter, Jana, Kunst, Jonas R., Geiger, Sandra J., Adetula, Adeyemi, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Kielińska, Julita, Kačmár, Pavol, Bokkour, Ahmed, Galindo-Caballero, Oscar J., Djamai, Ikhlas, Pöntinen, Sara Johanna, AGESIN, Bamikole Emmanuel, Jernsäther, Teodor, Urooj, Anum, Rachev, Nikolay R., Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria, Kurfalı, Murathan, Pit, Ilse L., Li, Ranran, Çoksan, Sami, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Paltrow, Tamar Elise, Baník, Gabriel, Korobova, Tatiana, Studzinska, Anna, Jiang, Xiaoming, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R., Vintr, Jáchym, Chiu, Faith, Kaliska, Lada, Berkessel, Jana B., Tümer, Murat, Morales-Izquierdo, Sara, Chuan-Peng, Hu, Vezirian, Kevin, Rosa, Anna Dalla, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Vasilev, Martin R., Beitner, Julia, Kácha, Ondřej, Žuro, Barbara, Westerlund, Minja, Nedelcheva-Datsova, Mina, Findor, Andrej, Krupić, Dajana, Kowal, Marta, Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Pourafshari, Razieh, Đorđević, Jasna Milošević, Schmidt, Nadya-Daniela, Baklanova, Ekaterina, Szala, Anna, Zakharov, Ilya, Vranka, Marek A., Ihaya, Keiko, Grano, Caterina, Cellini, Nicola, Białek, Michał, Anton-Boicuk, Lisa, Dalgar, Ilker, Adıgüzel, Arca, Verharen, Jeroen P. H., Maturan, Princess Lovella G., Kassianos, Angelos P., Oliveira, Raquel, Čadek, Martin, Adoric, Vera Cubela, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Sverdrup, Therese E., Aczel, Balazs, Zambrano, Danilo, Ahmed, Afroja, Tamnes, Christian K., Yamada, Yuki, Volz, Leonhard, Sunami, Naoyuki, Suter, Lilian, Vieira, Luc, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Kamburidis, Julia Arhondis, Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Harutyunyan, Mikayel, Adetula, Gabriel Agboola, Allred, Tara Bulut, Barzykowski, Krystian, Antazo, Benedict G, Zsido, Andras N., Šakan, Dušana Dušan, Cyrus-Lai, Wilson, Ahlgren, Lina Pernilla, Hruška, Matej, Vega, Diego, Manunta, Efisio, Mokady, Aviv, Capizzi, Mariagrazia, Martončik, Marcel, Say, Nicolas, Filip, Katarzyna, Vilar, Roosevelt, Staniaszek, Karolina, Vdovic, Milica, Adamkovic, Matus, Johannes, Niklas, Hajdu, Nandor, Cohen, Noga, Overkott, Clara, Krupić, Dino, Hubena, Barbora, Nilsonne, Gustav, Mioni, Giovanna, Solorzano, Claudio Singh, Ishii, Tatsunori, Chen, Zhang, Kushnir, Elizaveta, Karaarslan, Cemre, Ribeiro, Rafael R., Khaoudi, Ahmed, Kossowska, Małgorzata, Bavolar, Jozef, Hoyer, Karlijn, Roczniewska, Marta, Karababa, Alper, Becker, Maja, Monteiro, Renan P., Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Metin-Orta, Irem, Adamus, Sylwia, Kozma, Luca, Czarnek, Gabriela, Domurat, Artur, Štrukelj, Eva, Alvarez, Daniela Serrato, Parzuchowski, Michal, Massoni, Sébastien, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Muchembled, Fany, van Schie, Kevin, Saçaklı, Aslı, Hristova, Evgeniya, Kuzminska, Anna O., Charyate, Abdelilah, Bijlstra, Gijsbert, Afhami, Reza, Majeed, Nadyanna M., Musser, Erica D., Sirota, Miroslav, Ross, Robert M., Yeung, Siu Kit, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Foroni, Francesco, Almeida, Inês A. T., Grigoryev, Dmitry, Lewis, David M. G., Holford, Dawn L., Janssen, Steve M. J., Tatachari, Srinivasan, Batres, Carlota, Olofsson, Jonas K., Daches, Shimrit, Belaus, Anabel, Pfuhl, Gerit, Corral-Frias, Nadia Sarai, Sousa, Daniela, Röer, Jan Philipp, Isager, Peder Mortvedt, Godbersen, Hendrik, Walczak, Radoslaw B., Van Doren, Natalia, Ren, Dongning, Gill, Tripat, Voracek, Martin, DeBruine, Lisa M., Anne, Michele, Očovaj, Sanja Batić, Thomas, Andrew G., Arvanitis, Alexios, Ostermann, Thomas, Wolfe, Kelly, Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom, Bundt, Carsten, Lamm, Claus, Calin-Jageman, Robert J, Davis, William E., Karekla, Maria, Zorjan, Saša, Jaremka, Lisa M., Uttley, Jim, Hricova, Monika, Koehn, Monica A, Kiselnikova, Natalia, Bai, Hui, Krafnick, Anthony J., Balci, Busra Bahar, Ballantyne, Tonia, Lins, Samuel, Vally, Zahir, Esteban-Serna, Celia, Schmidt, Kathleen, Macapagal, Paulo Manuel L., Szwed, Paulina, Zdybek, Przemysław Marcin, Moreau, David, Collins, W. Matthew, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Vilares, Iris, Tran, Ulrich S., Boudesseul, Jordane, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Dixson, Barnaby James Wyld, Perillo, Jennifer T, Ferreira, Ana, Westgate, Erin C., Aberson, Christopher L., Arinze, Azuka Ikechukwu, Jaeger, Bastian, Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa, Silva, Jaime R., Storage, Daniel Shafik, Janak, Allison P, Jiménez-Leal, William, Soto, Jose A., Sorokowska, Agnieszka, McCarthy, Randy, Tullett, Alexa M, Frias-Armenta, Martha, Ribeiro, Matheus Fernando Felix, Hartanto, Andree, Forbes, Paul A. G., Willis, Megan L., del Carmen Tejada R, María, Torres, Adriana Julieth Olaya, Stephen, Ian D, Vaidis, David C., de la Rosa-Gómez, Anabel, Yu, Karen, Sutherland, Clare A. M., Manavalan, Mathi, Behzadnia, Behzad, Urban, Jan, Baskin, Ernest, McFall, Joseph P., Ogbonnaya, Chisom Esther, Fu, Cynthia H. Y., Rahal, Rima-Maria, Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Hostler, Thomas J., Kappes, Heather Barry, Sorokowski, Piotr, Khosla, Meetu, Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Eudave, Luis, Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Luis, Elkin O., Muda, Rafał, Agadullina, Elena, Cárcamo, Rodrigo A., Reeck, Crystal, Anjum, Gulnaz, Venegas, Mónica Camila Toro, Misiak, Michal, Ryan, Richard M., Nock, Nora L., Travaglino, Giovanni A., Mensink, Michael C., Feldman, Gilad, Wichman, Aaron L., Chou, Weilun, Ziano, Ignazio, Seehuus, Martin, Chopik, William J., Kung, Franki Y. H., Carpentier, Joelle, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Du, Hongfei, Xiao, Qinyu, Lima, Tiago J. S., Noone, Chris, Onie, Sandersan, Verbruggen, Frederick, Radtke, Theda, and Primbs, Maximilian A.

Published
2023
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6. Body appreciation around the world: Measurement invariance of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age

Author

Swami, Viren, Tran, Ulrich S., Stieger, Stefan, Aavik, Toivo, Ranjbar, Hamed Abdollahpour, Adebayo, Sulaiman Olanrewaju, Afhami, Reza, Ahmed, Oli, Aimé, Annie, Akel, Marwan, Halbusi, Hussam Al, Alexias, George, Ali, Khawla F., Alp-Dal, Nursel, Alsalhani, Anas B., Álvares-Solas, Sara, Amaral, Ana Carolina Soares, Andrianto, Sonny, Aspden, Trefor, Argyrides, Marios, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R., Atkin, Stephen, Ayandele, Olusola, Baceviciene, Migle, Bahbouh, Radvan, Ballesio, Andrea, Barron, David, Bellard, Ashleigh, Bender, Sóley Sesselja, Beydağ, Kerime Derya, Birovljević, Gorana, Blackburn, Marie-Ève, Borja-Alvarez, Teresita, Borowiec, Joanna, Bozogáňová, Miroslava, Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid, Browning, Matthew H.E.M., Brytek-Matera, Anna, Burakova, Marina, Çakır-Koçak, Yeliz, Camacho, Pablo, Camilleri, Vittorio Emanuele, Cazzato, Valentina, Cerea, Silvia, Chaiwutikornwanich, Apitchaya, Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin, Chambers, Tim, Chen, Qing-Wei, Chen, Xin, Chien, Chin-Lung, Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choompunuch, Bovornpot, Compte, Emilio J., Corrigan, Jennifer, Cosmas, Getrude, Cowden, Richard G., Czepczor-Bernat, Kamila, Czub, Marcin, da Silva, Wanderson Roberto, Dadfar, Mahboubeh, Dalley, Simon E., Dany, Lionel, Datu, Jesus Alfonso D., Berbert de Carvalho, Pedro Henrique, Coelho, Gabriel Lins de Holanda, De Jesus, Avila Odia S., Debbabi, Sonia Harzallah, Dhakal, Sandesh, Di Bernardo, Francesca, Dimitrova, Donka D., Dion, Jacinthe, Dixson, Barnaby, Donofrio, Stacey M., Drysch, Marius, Du, Hongfei, Dzhambov, Angel M., El-Jor, Claire, Enea, Violeta, Eskin, Mehmet, Farbod, Farinaz, Farrugia, Lorleen, Fian, Leonie, Fisher, Maryanne L., Folwarczny, Michał, Frederick, David A., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew, Furnham, Adrian, García, Antonio Alías, Geller, Shulamit, Ghisi, Marta, Ghorbani, Alireza, Martinez, Maria Angeles Gomez, Gradidge, Sarah, Graf, Sylvie, Grano, Caterina, Gyene, Gyöngyvér, Hallit, Souheil, Hamdan, Motasem, Handelzalts, Jonathan E., Hanel, Paul H.P., Hawks, Steven R., Hekmati, Issa, Helmy, Mai, Hill, Tetiana, Hina, Farah, Holenweger, Geraldine, Hřebíčková, Martina, Ijabadeniyi, Olasupo Augustine, Imam, Asma, İnce, Başak, Irrazabal, Natalia, Jankauskiene, Rasa, Jiang, Ding-Yu, Jiménez-Borja, Micaela, Jiménez-Borja, Verónica, Johnson, Evan M., Jovanović, Veljko, Jović, Marija, Jović, Marko, Junqueira, Alessandra Costa Pereira, Kahle, Lisa-Marie, Kantanista, Adam, Karakiraz, Ahmet, Karkin, Ayşe Nur, Kasten, Erich, Khatib, Salam, Khieowan, Nuannut, Kimong, Patricia Joseph, Kiropoulos, Litza, Knittel, Joshua, Kohli, Neena, Koprivnik, Mirjam, Kospakov, Aituar, Król-Zielińska, Magdalena, Krug, Isabel, Kuan, Garry, Kueh, Yee Cheng, Kujan, Omar, Kukić, Miljana, Kumar, Sanjay, Kumar, Vipul, Lamba, Nishtha, Lauri, Mary Anne, Laus, Maria Fernanda, LeBlanc, Liza April, Lee, Hyejoo J., Lipowska, Małgorzata, Lipowski, Mariusz, Lombardo, Caterina, Lukács, Andrea, Maïano, Christophe, Malik, Sadia, Manjary, Mandar, Baldó, Lidia Márquez, Martinez-Banfi, Martha, Massar, Karlijn, Matera, Camilla, McAnirlin, Olivia, Mebarak, Moisés Roberto, Mechri, Anwar, Meireles, Juliana Fernandes Filgueiras, Mesko, Norbert, Mills, Jacqueline, Miyairi, Maya, Modi, Ritu, Modrzejewska, Adriana, Modrzejewska, Justyna, Mulgrew, Kate E., Myers, Taryn A., Namatame, Hikari, Nassani, Mohammad Zakaria, Nerini, Amanda, Neto, Félix, Neto, Joana, Neves, Angela Noguiera, Ng, Siu-Kuen, Nithiya, Devi, O, Jiaqing, Obeid, Sahar, Oda-Montecinos, Camila, Olapegba, Peter Olamakinde, Olonisakin, Tosin Tunrayo, Omar, Salma Samir, Örlygsdóttir, Brynja, Özsoy, Emrah, Otterbring, Tobias, Pahl, Sabine, Panasiti, Maria Serena, Park, Yonguk, Patwary, Muhammad Mainuddin, Pethö, Tatiana, Petrova, Nadezhda, Pietschnig, Jakob, Pourmahmoud, Sadaf, Prabhu, Vishnunarayan Girishan, Poštuvan, Vita, Prokop, Pavol, Ramseyer Winter, Virginia L., Razmus, Magdalena, Ru, Taotao, Rupar, Mirjana, Sahlan, Reza N., Hassan, Mohammad Salah, Šalov, Anđela, Sapkota, Saphal, Sarfo, Jacob Owusu, Sawamiya, Yoko, Schaefer, Katrin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Seekis, Veya, Selvi, Kerim, Sharifi, Mehdi, Shrivastava, Anita, Siddique, Rumana Ferdousi, Sigurdsson, Valdimar, Silkane, Vineta, Šimunić, Ana, Singh, Govind, Slezáčková, Alena, Sundgot-Borgen, Christine, Ten Hoor, Gill, Tevichapong, Passagorn, Tipandjan, Arun, Todd, Jennifer, Togas, Constantinos, Tonini, Fernando, Tovar-Castro, Juan Camilo, Trangsrud, Lise Katrine Jepsen, Tripathi, Pankaj, Tudorel, Otilia, Tylka, Tracy L., Uyzbayeva, Anar, Vally, Zahir, Vanags, Edmunds, Vega, Luis Diego, Vicente-Arruebarrena, Aitor, Vidal-Mollón, Jose, Vilar, Roosevelt, Villegas, Hyxia, Vintilă, Mona, Wallner, Christoph, White, Mathew P., Whitebridge, Simon, Windhager, Sonja, Wong, Kah Yan, Yau, Eric Kenson, Yamamiya, Yuko, Yeung, Victoria Wai Lan, Zanetti, Marcelo Callegari, Zawisza, Magdalena, Zeeni, Nadine, Zvaríková, Martina, and Voracek, Martin

Published
2023
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8. Lexical Access Speed and the Development of Phonological Recoding during Immediate Serial Recall

Author

AuBuchon, Angela M., Elliott, Emily M., Morey, Candice C., Jarrold, Christopher, Cowan, Nelson, Adams, Eryn J., Attwood, Meg, Bayram, Büsra, Blakstvedt, Taran Y., Büttner, Gerhard, Castelain, Thomas, Cave, Shari, Crepaldi, Davide, Fredriksen, Eivor, Glass, Bret A., Guitard, Dominic, Hoehl, Stefanie, Hosch, Alexis, Jeanneret, Stéphanie, Joseph, Tanya N., Koch, Christopher, Lelonkiewicz, Jaroslaw R., Meissner, Grace, Mendenhall, Whitney, Moreau, David, Ostermann, Thomas, Özdogru, Asil Ali, Padovani, Francesca, Poloczek, Sebastian, Röer, Jan Philipp, Schonberg, Christina, Tamnes, Christian K., Tomasik, Martin J., Valentini, Beatrice, Vergauwe, Evie, Vlach, Haley, and Voracek, Martin

Abstract

A recent Registered Replication Report (RRR) of the development of verbal rehearsal during serial recall revealed that children verbalized at younger ages than previously thought, but did not identify sources of individual differences. Here, we use mediation analysis to reanalyze data from the 934 children ranging from 5 to 10 years old from the RRR for that purpose. From ages 5 to 7, the time taken for a child to label pictures (i.e. isolated naming speed) predicted the child's spontaneous use of labels during a visually presented serial reconstruction task, despite no need for spoken responses. For 6- and 7-year-olds, isolated naming speed also predicted recall. The degree to which verbalization mediated the relation between isolated naming speed and recall changed across development. All relations dissipated by age 10. The same general pattern was observed in an exploratory analysis of delayed recall for which greater demands are placed on rehearsal for item maintenance. Overall, our findings suggest that spontaneous phonological recoding during a standard short-term memory task emerges around age 5, increases in efficiency during the early elementary school years, and is sufficiently automatic by age 10 to support immediate serial recall in most children. Moreover, the findings highlight the need to distinguish between phonological recoding and rehearsal in developmental studies of short-term memory.

Published
2022
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11. In COVID-19 Health Messaging, Loss Framing Increases Anxiety with Little-to-No Concomitant Benefits: Experimental Evidence from 84 Countries

Author

Dorison, Charles A., Lerner, Jennifer S., Heller, Blake H., Rothman, Alexander J., Kawachi, Ichiro I., Wang, Ke, Rees, Vaughan W., Gill, Brian P., Gibbs, Nancy, Ebersole, Charles R., Vally, Zahir, Tajchman, Zuzanna, Zsido, Andras N., Zrimsek, Mija, Chen, Zhang, Ziano, Ignazio, Gialitaki, Zoi, Ceary, Chris D., Lin, Yijun, Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Yamada, Yuki, Xiao, Qinyu, Jiang, Xiaoming, Du, Xinkai, Yao, Elvin, Wilson, John Paul, Cyrus-Lai, Wilson, Jimenez-Leal, William, Law, Wilbert, Collins, W. Matthew, Richard, Karley L., Vranka, Marek, Ankushev, Vladislav, Schei, Vidar, Križanić, Valerija, Kadreva, Veselina Hristova, Adoric, Vera Cubela, Tran, Ulrich S., Yeung, Siu Kit, Hassan, Widad, Houston, Ralph, Lima, Tiago J. S., Ostermann, Thomas, Frizzo, Thomas, Sverdrup, Therese E., House, Thea, Gill, Tripat, Fedotov, Maksim, Paltrow, Tamar, Jernsäther, Teodor, Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria, Hostler, Thomas J., Ishii, Tatsunori, Szaszi, Barnabas, Adamus, Sylwia, Suter, Lilian, Habib, Sumaiya, Studzinska, Anna, Stojanovska, Dragana, Janssen, Steve M. J., Stieger, Stefan, Schulenberg, Stefan E., Tatachari, Srinivasan, Azouaghe, Soufian, Sorokowski, Piotr, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Song, Xin, Lewis, Savannah C., Sinkolova, Sladjana, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Drexler, Shira Meir, Daches, Shimrit, Geniole, Shawn N., Vračar, Selena, Massoni, Sébastien, Zorjan, Saša, Sarıoğuz, Eylül, Izquierdo, Sara Morales, Alves, Sara G., Pöntinen, Sara, Solas, Sara Álvarez, Ordoñez-Riaño, Santiago, Očovaj, Sanja Batić, Onie, Sandersan, Lins, Samuel, Çoksan, Sami, Sacakli, Asli, Ruiz-Fernández, Susana, Geiger, Sandra J., FatahModares, Saeideh, Walczak, Radoslaw B., Betlehem, Ruben, Vilar, Roosevelt, Cárcamo, Rodrigo, Ross, Robert M., McCarthy, Randy, Ballantyne, Tonia, Westgate, Erin C., Afhami, Reza, Ren, Dongning, Monteiro, Renan P., Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Reggev, Niv, Calin-Jageman, Robert J., Pourafshari, Razieh, Oliveira, Raquel, Nedelcheva-Datsova, Mina, Rahal, Rima-Maria, Ribeiro, Rafael R., Radtke, Theda, Searston, Rachel, Habte, Redeate, Zdybek, Przemysław, Chen, Sau-Chin, Maturan, Princess Lovella G., Perillo, Jennifer T., Isager, Peder Mortvedt, Kačmár, Pavol, Macapagal, Paulo Manuel, Szwed, Paulina, Hanel, Paul H. P., Forbes, Paul A. G., Arriaga, Patrícia, Paris, Bastien, Papachristopoulos, Konstantinos, Correa, Pablo Sebastián, Kácha, Ondřej, Bernardo, Márcia, Campos, Olatz, Bravo, Olalla Niño, Galindo-Caballero, Oscar J., Ogbonnaya, Chisom Esther, Bialobrzeska, Olga, Kiselnikova, Natalia, Simonovic, Nicolle, Cohen, Noga, Nock, Nora L., Johannes, Niklas, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Say, Nicolas, Torunsky, Nathan, Van Doren, Natalia, Sunami, Naoyuki, Rachev, Nikolay R., Majeed, Nadyanna M., Schmidt, Nadya-Daniela, Nadif, Khaoula, Corral-Frías, Nadia S., Ouherrou, Nihal, Pantazi, Myrto, Lucas, Marc Y., Vasilev, Martin R., Ortiz, María Victoria, Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa, Kabir, Muhib, Muda, Rafał, Tejada Rivera, Maria del Carmen MC, Sirota, Miroslav, Seehuus, Martin, Parzuchowski, Michal, Toro, Mónica, Hricova, Monika, Maldonado, Mónica Alarcón, Marszalek, Magdalena, Karekla, Maria, Mioni, Giovanna, Bosma, Minke Jasmijn, Westerlund, Minja, Vdovic, Milica, Bialek, Michal, Silan, Miguel A., Anne, Michele, Misiak, Michal, Grinberg, Maurice, Capizzi, Mariagrazia, Espinoza Barría, Mauricio F., Kurfali, Merve A., Mensink, Michael C., Harutyunyan, Mikayel, Khosla, Meetu, Korbmacher, Max, Adamkovič, Matúš, Ribeiro, Matheus Fernando Felix, Terskova, Maria, Hruška, Matej, Martončik, Marcel, Voracek, Martin, Čadek, Martin, Frías-Armenta, Martha, Kowal, Marta, Topor, Marta, Roczniewska, Marta, Oosterlinck, Marlies, Kohlová, Markéta Braun, Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Romanova, Marina, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Lund, Maria Louise, Antoniadi, Maria, Jones, Marc V., Ortiz, Manuel S., Manavalan, Mathi, Muminov, Abdumalik, Kossowska, Małgorzata, Friedemann, Maja, Wielgus, Magdalena, Varella, Marco A. C., Colloff, Melissa F., Bradford, Maria, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Eudave, Luis, Vieira, Luc, Pineda, Lina Maria Sanabria, Pérez, Laura Calderón, Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Jaremka, Lisa M., Kushnir, Elizaveta, Anton-Boicuk, Lisa, de Holanda Coelho, Gabriel Lins, Ahlgren, Lina, Levitan, Carmel A., Micheli, Leticia, Volz, Leonhard, Stojanovska, Marija, Boucher, Leanne, Samojlenko, Lara, Delgado, Lady Grey Javela, Kaliska, Lada, Warmelink, Lara, Rojas-Berscia, Luis Miguel, Yu, Karen, Wachowicz, Jakub, Desai, Kermeka, Barzykowski, Krystian, Kozma, Luca, Evans, Kortnee, Kirgizova, Komila, Agesin, Bamikole Emmanuel, Koehn, Monica A, Wolfe, Kelly, Korobova, Tatiana, Klevjer, Kristoffer, van Schie, Kevin, Vezirian, Kevin, Damnjanović, Kaja, Thommesen, Katrine Krabbe, Schmidt, Kathleen, Filip, Katarzyna, Grzech, Karolina, Hoyer, Karlijn, Moon, Karis, Rana, Kafeel, Janjić, Kristina, Suchow, Jordan W., Kielińska, Julita, Cruz Vásquez, Julio E, Beitner, Julia, Vargas-Nieto, Juan Camilo, Roxas, Jose Carlos T., Taber, Jennifer, Urriago-Rayo, Joan, Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Bavolar, Jozef, Soto, José A., Olofsson, Jonas K., Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Messerschmidt, Johanna, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Boudesseul, Jordane, Lee, Jeong Min, Kamburidis, Julia, Zickfeld, Janis, Miranda, Jacob F., Verharen, Jeroen P. H., Hristova, Evgeniya, Beshears, Julie E., Đorđević, Jasna Milošević, Bosch, Jasmijn, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, Antfolk, Jan, Berkessel, Jana B., Schrötter, Jana, Urban, Jan, Röer, Jan Philipp, Norton, James O, Silva, Jaime R., Pickering, Jade S., Vintr, Jáchym, Uttley, Jim, Kunst, Jonas R., Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Iyer, Aishwarya, Vilares, Iris, Ivanov, Aleksandr, Ropovik, Ivan, Sula, Isabela, Sarieva, Irena, Metin-Orta, Irem, Prusova, Irina, Pinto, Isabel, Bozdoc, Andreea Ioana, Almeida, Inês A. T., Pit, Ilse L., Dalgar, Ilker, Zakharov, Ilya, Arinze, Azuka Ikechukwu, Ihaya, Keiko, Stephen, Ian D., Gjoneska, Biljana, Brohmer, Hilmar, Flowe, Heather, Godbersen, Hendrik, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Hedgebeth, Mattie V., Chuan-Peng, Hu, Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Manley, Harry, Akkas, Handan, Hajdu, Nandor, Azab, Habiba, Kaminski, Gwenael, Nilsonne, Gustav, Anjum, Gulnaz, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Feldman, Gilad, Pfuhl, Gerit, Czarnek, Gabriela, Marcu, Gabriela Mariana, Hofer, Gabriela, Banik, Gabriel, Adetula, Gabriel Agboola, Bijlstra, Gijsbert, Verbruggen, Frederick, Kung, Franki Y. H., Foroni, Francesco, Singer, Gage, Muchembled, Fany, Azevedo, Flavio, Mosannenzadeh, Farnaz, Marinov, Evelina, Štrukelj, Eva, Etebari, Zahra, Baskin, Ernest, Garcia, Elkin Oswaldo Luis, Musser, Erica, van Steenkiste, I.M.M., Ahn, El Rim, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Jackson, Emily A, Manunta, Efisio, Agadullina, Elena, Šakan, Dušana, Dursun, Pinar, Dujols, Olivier, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Willis, Megan, Tümer, Murat, Beaudry, Jennifer L., Popović, Dora, Dunleavy, Daniel, Djamai, Ikhlas, Krupić, Dino, Vega, Diego, Du, Hongfei, Mola, Débora, Davis, William E., Holford, Dawn Liu, Lewis, David M. G., Vaidis, David C., Ozery, Daphna Hausman, Ricaurte, Danilo Zambrano, Storage, Daniel, Sousa, Daniela, Alvarez, Daniela Serrato, Rosa, Anna Dalla, Krupić, Dajana, Marko, Dafne, Moreau, David, Reeck, Crystal, Correia, Rita C., Whitt, Cassie M., Lamm, Claus, Solorzano, Claudio Singh, von Bastian, Claudia C., Sutherland, Clare AM, Overkott, Clara, Aberson, Christopher L., Wang, Chunhui, Karashiali, Christiana, Noone, Chris, Chiu, Faith, Picciocchi, Chiara, Karaarslan, Cemre, Cellini, Nicola, Esteban-Serna, Celia, Reyna, Cecilia, Batres, Carlota, Li, Ranran, Grano, Caterina, Carpentier, Joelle, Tamnes, Christian K., Fu, Cynthia H.Y., Ishkhanyan, Byurakn, Bylinina, Lisa, Jaeger, Bastian, Bundt, Carsten, Allred, Tara Bulut, Bokkour, Ahmed, Bogatyreva, Natalia, Chopik, William J., Antazo, Benedict, Behzadnia, Behzad, Becker, Maja, Cocco, Beatrice, Chou, Wei-Lun, Hubena, Barbora, Žuro, Barbara, Aczel, Balazs, Baklanova, Ekaterina, Bai, Hui, Balci, Busra Bahar, Babinčák, Peter, Dixson, Barnaby James Wyld, Mokady, Aviv, Kappes, Heather Barry, Atari, Mohammad, Szala, Anna, Szabelska, Anna, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon, Domurat, Artur, Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom, Modena, Arianna, Adiguzel, Arca, Monajem, Arash, ARABI, Kanza AIT EL, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Olaya Torres, Adriana Julieth, Theodoropoulou, Andriana, Jurković, Anita Penić, Kassianos, Angelos P., Findor, Andrej, Hartanto, Andree, Thibault Landry, Anais, Ferreira, Ana, Santos, Anabela Caetano, De la Rosa-Gomez, Anabel, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie, Todsen, Anna Louise, Karababa, Alper, Janak, Allison, Bran, Alexandre, Tullett, Alexa M., Kuzminska, Anna O., Krafnick, Anthony J, Urooj, Anum, Khaoudi, Ahmed, Ahmed, Afroja, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Adetula, Adeyemi, Belaus, Anabel, Charyate, Abdelilah Ca, Wichman, Aaron L., Stoyanova, Alina, Greenburgh, Anna, Thomas, Andrew G., Arvanitis, Alexios, Forscher, Patrick S., Mallik, Peter R, Primbs, Maximilian A., Miller, Jeremy K., Moshontz, Hannah, Urry, Heather L., IJzerman, Hans, Basnight-Brown, Dana M., Chartier, Christopher R., Buchanan, Erin M., and Coles, Nicholas A.

Published
2022
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12. Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample

Author

Bago, Bence, Kovacs, Marton, Protzko, John, Nagy, Tamas, Kekecs, Zoltan, Palfi, Bence, Adamkovic, Matus, Adamus, Sylwia, Albalooshi, Sumaya, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Alfian, Ilham N., Alper, Sinan, Alvarez-Solas, Sara, Alves, Sara G., Amaya, Santiago, Andresen, Pia K., Anjum, Gulnaz, Ansari, Daniel, Arriaga, Patrícia, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R., Arvanitis, Alexios, Babincak, Peter, Barzykowski, Krystian, Bashour, Bana, Baskin, Ernest, Batalha, Luisa, Batres, Carlota, Bavolar, Jozef, Bayrak, Fatih, Becker, Benjamin, Becker, Maja, Belaus, Anabel, Białek, Michał, Bilancini, Ennio, Boller, Daniel, Boncinelli, Leonardo, Boudesseul, Jordane, Brown, Benjamin T., Buchanan, Erin M., Butt, Muhammad M., Calvillo, Dustin P., Carnes, Nate C., Celniker, Jared B., Chartier, Christopher R., Chopik, William J., Chotikavan, Poom, Chuan-Peng, Hu, Clancy, Rockwell F., Çoker, Ogeday, Correia, Rita C., Adoric, Vera Cubela, Cubillas, Carmelo P., Czoschke, Stefan, Daryani, Yalda, de Grefte, Job A. M., de Vries, Wieteke C., Burak, Elif G. Demirag, Dias, Carina, Dixson, Barnaby J. W., Du, Xinkai, Dumančić, Francesca, Dumbravă, Andrei, Dutra, Natalia B., Enachescu, Janina, Esteban-Serna, Celia, Eudave, Luis, Evans, Thomas R., Feldman, Gilad, Felisberti, Fatima M., Fiedler, Susann, Findor, Andrej, Fleischmann, Alexandra, Foroni, Francesco, Francová, Radka, Frank, Darius-Aurel, Fu, Cynthia H. Y., Gao, Shan, Ghasemi, Omid, Ghazi-Noori, Ali-Reza, Ghossainy, Maliki E., Giammusso, Isabella, Gill, Tripat, Gjoneska, Biljana, Gollwitzer, Mario, Graton, Aurélien, Grinberg, Maurice, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Harris, Elizabeth A., Hartanto, Andree, Hassan, Widad A. N. M., Hatami, Javad, Heimark, Katrina R., Hidding, Jasper J. J., Hristova, Evgeniya, Hruška, Matej, Hudson, Charlotte A., Huskey, Richard, Ikeda, Ayumi, Inbar, Yoel, Ingram, Gordon P. D., Isler, Ozan, Isloi, Chris, Iyer, Aishwarya, Jaeger, Bastian, Janssen, Steve M. J., Jiménez-Leal, William, Jokić, Biljana, Kačmár, Pavol, Kadreva, Veselina, Kaminski, Gwenaël, Karimi-Malekabadi, Farzan, Kasper, Arno T. A., Kendrick, Keith M., Kennedy, Bradley J., Kocalar, Halil E., Kodapanakkal, Rabia I., Kowal, Marta, Kruse, Elliott, Kučerová, Lenka, Kühberger, Anton, Kuzminska, Anna O., Lalot, Fanny, Lamm, Claus, Lammers, Joris, Lange, Elke B., Lantian, Anthony, Lau, Ivy Y.-M., Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Leliveld, Marijke C., Lenz, Jennifer N., Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Savannah C., Li, Manyu, Li, Yansong, Li, Haozheng, Lima, Tiago J. S., Lins, Samuel, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Lopes, Paula, Lu, Jackson G., Lynds, Trent, Máčel, Martin, Mackinnon, Sean P., Maganti, Madhavilatha, Magraw-Mickelson, Zoe, Magson, Leon F., Manley, Harry, Marcu, Gabriela M., Seršić, Darja Masli, Matibag, Celine-Justine, Mattiassi, Alan D. A., Mazidi, Mahdi, McFall, Joseph P., McLatchie, Neil, Mensink, Michael C., Miketta, Lena, Milfont, Taciano L., Mirisola, Alberto, Misiak, Michal, Mitkidis, Panagiotis, Moeini-Jazani, Mehrad, Monajem, Arash, Moreau, David, Musser, Erica D., Narhetali, Erita, Ochoa, Danielle P., Olsen, Jerome, Owsley, Nicholas C., Özdoğru, Asil A., Panning, Miriam, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Parashar, Neha, Pärnamets, Philip, Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Parzuchowski, Michal, Paterlini, Julia V., Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Peker, Mehmet, Peters, Kim, Piatnitckaia, Liudmila, Pinto, Isabel, Policarpio, Monica Renee, Pop-Jordanova, Nada, Pratama, Annas J., Primbs, Maximilian A., Pronizius, Ekaterina, Purić, Danka, Puvia, Elisa, Qamari, Vahid, Qian, Kun, Quiamzade, Alain, Ráczová, Beáta, Reinero, Diego A., Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Reyna, Cecilia, Reynolds, Kimberly, Ribeiro, Matheus F. F., Röer, Jan P., Ross, Robert M., Roussos, Petros, Ruiz-Dodobara, Fernando, Ruiz-Fernandez, Susana, Rutjens, Bastiaan T., Rybus, Katarzyna, Samekin, Adil, Santos, Anabela C., Say, Nicolas, Schild, Christoph, Schmidt, Kathleen, Ścigała, Karolina A., Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Shi, Jiaxin, Shi, Yaoxi, Sievers, Erin, Sirota, Miroslav, Slipenkyj, Michael, Solak, Çağlar, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Sorokowski, Piotr, Söylemez, Sinem, Steffens, Niklas K., Stephen, Ian D., Sternisko, Anni, Stevens-Wilson, Laura, Stewart, Suzanne L. K., Stieger, Stefan, Storage, Daniel, Strube, Justine, Susa, Kyle J., Szekely-Copîndean, Raluca D., Szostak, Natalia M., Takwin, Bagus, Tatachari, Srinivasan, Thomas, Andrew G., Tiede, Kevin E., Tiong, Lucas E., Tonković, Mirjana, Trémolière, Bastien, Tunstead, Lauren V., Türkan, Belgüzar N., Twardawski, Mathias, Vadillo, Miguel A., Vally, Zahir, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Verschuere, Bruno, Vlašiček, Denis, Voracek, Martin, Vranka, Marek A., Wang, Shuzhen, West, Skye-Loren, Whyte, Stephen, Wilton, Leigh S., Wlodarczyk, Anna, Wu, Xue, Xin, Fei, Yadanar, Su, Yama, Hiroshi, Yamada, Yuki, Yilmaz, Onurcan, Yoon, Sangsuk, Young, Danielle M., Zakharov, Ilya, Zein, Rizqy A., Zettler, Ingo, Žeželj, Iris L., Zhang, Don C., Zhang, Jin, Zheng, Xiaoxiao, Hoekstra, Rink, and Aczel, Balazs

Published
2022
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17. Detecting jingle and jangle fallacies by identifying consistencies and variabilities in study specifications - a call for research.

Author

Hanfstingl, Barbara, Oberleiter, Sandra, Pietschnig, Jakob, Tran, Ulrich S., and Voracek, Martin

Subjects
NATURAL language processing, EMPIRICAL research, DETECTORS, ALGORITHMS
Abstract

Over the past few years, more attention has been paid to jingle and jangle fallacies in psychological science. Jingle fallacies arise when two or more distinct psychological phenomena are erroneously labeled with the same term, while jangle fallacies occur when different terms are used to describe the same phenomenon. Jingle and jangle fallacies emerge due to the vague linkage between psychological theories and their practical implementation in empirical studies, compounded by variations in study designs, methodologies, and applying different statistical procedures' algorithms. Despite progress in organizing scientific findings via systematic reviews and meta-analyses, effective strategies to prevent these fallacies are still lacking. This paper explores the integration of several approaches with the potential to identify and mitigate jingle and jangle fallacies within psychological science. Essentially, organizing studies according to their specifications, which include theoretical background, methods, study designs, and results, alongside a combinatorial algorithm and flexible inclusion criteria, may indeed represent a feasible approach. A jinglefallacy detector arises when identical specifications lead to disparate outcomes, whereas jangle-fallacy indicators could operate on the premise that varying specifications consistently yield overrandomly similar results. We discuss the role of advanced computational technologies, such as Natural Language Processing (NLP), in identifying these fallacies. In conclusion, addressing jingle and jangle fallacies requires a comprehensive approach that considers all levels and phases of psychological science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Author Correction: A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Wang, Ke, Goldenberg, Amit, Dorison, Charles A., Miller, Jeremy K., Uusberg, Andero, Lerner, Jennifer S., Gross, James J., Agesin, Bamikole Bamikole, Bernardo, Márcia, Campos, Olatz, Eudave, Luis, Grzech, Karolina, Ozery, Daphna Hausman, Jackson, Emily A., Garcia, Elkin Oswaldo Luis, Drexler, Shira Meir, Jurković, Anita Penić, Rana, Kafeel, Wilson, John Paul, Antoniadi, Maria, Desai, Kermeka, Gialitaki, Zoi, Kushnir, Elizaveta, Nadif, Khaoula, Bravo, Olalla Niño, Nauman, Rafia, Oosterlinck, Marlies, Pantazi, Myrto, Pilecka, Natalia, Szabelska, Anna, van Steenkiste, I. M. M., Filip, Katarzyna, Bozdoc, Andreea Ioana, Marcu, Gabriela Mariana, Agadullina, Elena, Adamkovič, Matúš, Roczniewska, Marta, Reyna, Cecilia, Kassianos, Angelos P., Westerlund, Minja, Ahlgren, Lina, Pöntinen, Sara, Adetula, Gabriel Agboola, Dursun, Pinar, Arinze, Azuka Ikechukwu, Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom, Ogbonnaya, Chisom Esther, Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Dalgar, Ilker, Akkas, Handan, Macapagal, Paulo Manuel, Lewis, Savannah, Metin-Orta, Irem, Foroni, Francesco, Willis, Megan, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Mokady, Aviv, Reggev, Niv, Kurfali, Merve A., Vasilev, Martin R., Nock, Nora L., Parzuchowski, Michal, Espinoza Barría, Mauricio F., Vranka, Marek, Kohlová, Markéta Braun, Ropovik, Ivan, Harutyunyan, Mikayel, Wang, Chunhui, Yao, Elvin, Becker, Maja, Manunta, Efisio, Kaminski, Gwenael, Boudesseul, Jordane, Marko, Dafne, Evans, Kortnee, Lewis, David M. G., Findor, Andrej, Landry, Anais Thibault, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon, Ortiz, Manuel S., Vally, Zahir, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Voracek, Martin, Lamm, Claus, Grinberg, Maurice, Li, Ranran, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, Mioni, Giovanna, Cellini, Nicola, Chen, Sau-Chin, Zickfeld, Janis, Moon, Karis, Azab, Habiba, Levy, Neil, Karababa, Alper, Beaudry, Jennifer L., Boucher, Leanne, Collins, W. Matthew, Todsen, Anna Louise, van Schie, Kevin, Vintr, Jáchym, Bavolar, Jozef, Kaliska, Lada, Križanić, Valerija, Samojlenko, Lara, Pourafshari, Razieh, Geiger, Sandra J., Beitner, Julia, Warmelink, Lara, Ross, Robert M., Stephen, Ian D., Hostler, Thomas J., Azouaghe, Soufian, McCarthy, Randy, Szala, Anna, Grano, Caterina, Solorzano, Claudio Singh, Anjum, Gulnaz, Jimenez-Leal, William, Bradford, Maria, Pérez, Laura Calderón, Cruz Vásquez, Julio E., Galindo-Caballero, Oscar J., Vargas-Nieto, Juan Camilo, Kácha, Ondřej, Arvanitis, Alexios, Xiao, Qinyu, Cárcamo, Rodrigo, Zorjan, Saša, Tajchman, Zuzanna, Vilares, Iris, Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Kunst, Jonas R., Tamnes, Christian K., von Bastian, Claudia C., Atari, Mohammad, Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Hricova, Monika, Kačmár, Pavol, Schrötter, Jana, Rahal, Rima-Maria, Cohen, Noga, FatahModares, Saeideh, Zrimsek, Miha, Zakharov, Ilya, Koehn, Monica A., Esteban-Serna, Celia, Calin-Jageman, Robert J., Krafnick, Anthony J., Štrukelj, Eva, Isager, Peder Mortvedt, Urban, Jan, Silva, Jaime R., Martončik, Marcel, Očovaj, Sanja Batić, Šakan, Dušana, Kuzminska, Anna O., Djordjevic, Jasna Milosevic, Almeida, Inês A. T., Ferreira, Ana, Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Manley, Harry, Ricaurte, Danilo Zambrano, Monteiro, Renan P., Etabari, Zahra, Musser, Erica, Dunleavy, Daniel, Chou, Weilun, Godbersen, Hendrik, Ruiz-Fernández, Susana, Reeck, Crystal, Batres, Carlota, Kirgizova, Komila, Muminov, Abdumalik, Azevedo, Flavio, Alvarez, Daniela Serrato, Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa, Lee, Jeong Min, Chen, Zhang, Verbruggen, Frederick, Ziano, Ignazio, Tümer, Murat, Charyate, Abdelilah C. A., Dubrov, Dmitrii, Tejada Rivera, María del Carmen M. C., Aberson, Christopher, Pálfi, Bence, Maldonado, Mónica Alarcón, Hubena, Barbora, Sacakli, Asli, Ceary, Chris D., Richard, Karley L., Singer, Gage, Perillo, Jennifer T., Ballantyne, Tonia, Cyrus-Lai, Wilson, Fedotov, Maksim, Du, Hongfei, Wielgus, Magdalena, Pit, Ilse L., Hruška, Matej, Sousa, Daniela, Aczel, Balazs, Hajdu, Nandor, Szaszi, Barnabas, Adamus, Sylwia, Barzykowski, Krystian, Micheli, Leticia, Schmidt, Nadya-Daniela, Zsido, Andras N., Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Muda, Rafał, Bialek, Michal, Kowal, Marta, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Misiak, Michal, Mola, Débora, Ortiz, María Victoria, Correa, Pablo Sebastián, Belaus, Anabel, Muchembled, Fany, Ribeiro, Rafael R., Arriaga, Patricia, Oliveira, Raquel, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Szwed, Paulina, Kossowska, Małgorzata, Czarnek, Gabriela, Kielińska, Julita, Antazo, Benedict, Betlehem, Ruben, Stieger, Stefan, Nilsonne, Gustav, Simonovic, Nicolle, Taber, Jennifer, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie, Domurat, Artur, Ihaya, Keiko, Yamada, Yuki, Urooj, Anum, Gill, Tripat, Čadek, Martin, Bylinina, Lisa, Messerschmidt, Johanna, Kurfalı, Murathan, Adetula, Adeyemi, Baklanova, Ekaterina, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Kappes, Heather B., Gjoneska, Biljana, House, Thea, Jones, Marc V., Berkessel, Jana B., Chopik, William J., Çoksan, Sami, Seehuus, Martin, Khaoudi, Ahmed, Bokkour, Ahmed, El Arabi, Kanza Ait, Djamai, Ikhlas, Iyer, Aishwarya, Parashar, Neha, Adiguzel, Arca, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Bundt, Carsten, Norton, James O., Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, De la Rosa-Gomez, Anabel, Ankushev, Vladislav, Bogatyreva, Natalia, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Ivanov, Aleksandr, Prusova, Irina, Romanova, Marina, Sarieva, Irena, Terskova, Maria, Hristova, Evgeniya, Kadreva, Veselina Hristova, Janak, Allison, Schei, Vidar, Sverdrup, Therese E., Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Pineda, Lina Maria Sanabria, Krupić, Dajana, Levitan, Carmel A., Johannes, Niklas, Ouherrou, Nihal, Say, Nicolas, Sinkolova, Sladjana, Janjić, Kristina, Stojanovska, Marija, Stojanovska, Dragana, Khosla, Meetu, Thomas, Andrew G., Kung, Franki Y. H., Bijlstra, Gijsbert, Mosannenzadeh, Farnaz, Balci, Busra Bahar, Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Baskin, Ernest, Ishkhanyan, Byurakn, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Dixson, Barnaby James Wyld, Moreau, David, Sutherland, Clare A. M., Chuan-Peng, Hu, Noone, Chris, Flowe, Heather, Anne, Michele, Janssen, Steve M. J., Topor, Marta, Majeed, Nadyanna M., Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Yu, Karen, Daches, Shimrit, Hartanto, Andree, Vdovic, Milica, Anton-Boicuk, Lisa, Forbes, Paul A. G., Kamburidis, Julia, Marinova, Evelina, Nedelcheva-Datsova, Mina, Rachev, Nikolay R., Stoyanova, Alina, Schmidt, Kathleen, Suchow, Jordan W., Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria, Jernsäther, Teodor, Olofsson, Jonas K., Bialobrzeska, Olga, Marszalek, Magdalena, Tatachari, Srinivasan, Afhami, Reza, Law, Wilbert, Antfolk, Jan, Žuro, Barbara, Van Doren, Natalia, Soto, Jose A., Searston, Rachel, Miranda, Jacob, Damnjanović, Kaja, Yeung, Siu Kit, Krupić, Dino, Hoyer, Karlijn, Jaeger, Bastian, Ren, Dongning, Pfuhl, Gerit, Klevjer, Kristoffer, Corral-Frías, Nadia S., Frias-Armenta, Martha, Lucas, Marc Y., Torres, Adriana Olaya, Toro, Mónica, Delgado, Lady Grey Javela, Vega, Diego, Solas, Sara Álvarez, Vilar, Roosevelt, Massoni, Sébastien, Frizzo, Thomas, Bran, Alexandre, Vaidis, David C., Vieira, Luc, Paris, Bastien, Capizzi, Mariagrazia, Coelho, Gabriel Lins de Holanda, Greenburgh, Anna, Whitt, Cassie M., Tullett, Alexa M., Du, Xinkai, Volz, Leonhard, Bosma, Minke Jasmijn, Karaarslan, Cemre, Sarıoğuz, Eylül, Allred, Tara Bulut, Korbmacher, Max, Colloff, Melissa F., Lima, Tiago J. S., Ribeiro, Matheus Fernando Felix, Verharen, Jeroen P. H., Karekla, Maria, Karashiali, Christiana, Sunami, Naoyuki, Jaremka, Lisa M., Storage, Daniel, Habib, Sumaiya, Studzinska, Anna, Hanel, Paul H. P., Holford, Dawn Liu, Sirota, Miroslav, Wolfe, Kelly, Chiu, Faith, Theodoropoulou, Andriana, Ahn, El Rim, Lin, Yijun, Westgate, Erin C., Brohmer, Hilmar, Hofer, Gabriela, Dujols, Olivier, Vezirian, Kevin, Feldman, Gilad, Travaglino, Giovanni A., Ahmed, Afroja, Li, Manyu, Bosch, Jasmijn, Torunsky, Nathan, Bai, Hui, Manavalan, Mathi, Song, Xin, Walczak, Radoslaw B., Zdybek, Przemysław, Friedemann, Maja, Rosa, Anna Dalla, Kozma, Luca, Alves, Sara G., Lins, Samuel, Pinto, Isabel R., Correia, Rita C., Babinčák, Peter, Banik, Gabriel, Rojas-Berscia, Luis Miguel, Varella, Marco A. C., Uttley, Jim, Beshears, Julie E., Thommesen, Katrine Krabbe, Behzadnia, Behzad, Geniole, Shawn N., Silan, Miguel A., Maturan, Princess Lovella G., Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Tran, Ulrich S., Izquierdo, Sara Morales, Mensink, Michael C., Sorokowski, Piotr, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Radtke, Theda, Adoric, Vera Cubela, Carpentier, Joelle, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Hedgebeth, Mattie V., Ishii, Tatsunori, Wichman, Aaron L., Röer, Jan Philipp, Ostermann, Thomas, Davis, William E., Suter, Lilian, Papachristopoulos, Konstantinos, Zabel, Chelsea, Onie, Sandersan, Ebersole, Charles R., Chartier, Christopher R., Mallik, Peter R., Urry, Heather L., Buchanan, Erin M., Coles, Nicholas A., Primbs, Maximilian A., Basnight-Brown, Dana M., IJzerman, Hans, Forscher, Patrick S., and Moshontz, Hannah

Published
2022
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19. Day-to-day associations between mindfulness and perceived stress: insights from random intercept cross-lagged panel modeling.

Author

Borghi, Olaf, Voracek, Martin, and Tran, Ulrich S.

Subjects
MINDFULNESS, SUBJECTIVE stress, PROTECTIVE factors
Abstract

Objective: Mindfulness is frequently seen as a protective factor of stress, but selfreport measures of mindfulness may overlap with other related constructs, such as mental health, and could thus not only be a predictor, but also an outcome of stress. This study thus aimed to examine the longitudinal bidirectional associations between the use and perceived helpfulness of the four mindfulness facets Observe, Describe, Nonjudge, and Nonreact with daily perceived stress. Methods: Participants from a large (N = 1,276) mixed student and community group sample filled out a brief daily diary over the time span of 7 days. Bidirectional cross-lagged effects were investigated using the random-intercept crosslagged panel model, an extension of the traditional cross-lagged panel model that allows to differentiate between stable between-unit differences and timevarying within-unit dynamics. In addition, we controlled for several baseline and sociodemographic confounders. Results: At the within-subject level, the use of Actaware was associated with higher perceived stress on the next day (β = 0.03, p = 0.029). The use (β = -0.04, p = 0.025) and perceived helpfulness (β = -0.05, p = 0.014) of Nonreact were associated with lower perceived stress on the next day. In turn, perceived stress was associated with lower perceived helpfulness of Describe (β = -0.04, p = 0.037) and Nonreact (β = -0.03, p = 0.038) on the next day. In addition, there were several residual correlations between mindfulness facets and perceived stress within days. At the between-subject level, there was a positive association between the random intercept of Describe and daily stress (r = 0.15, p = 0.003). In addition, while baseline perceived stress was negatively associated with the random intercepts of the mindfulness facets, two baseline components of mindfulness were not associated with the random intercept of perceived stress. Conclusion: On the currently investigated time scale, our results challenge prior results and assumptions regarding mindfulness as a buffering and protective factor against daily stress. With the exception of Nonreact, mindfulness was either positively associated with perceived stress, or in turn perceived stress appeared to interfere with the ability to stay mindful in daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. Publisher Correction: Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample

Author

Bago, Bence, Kovacs, Marton, Protzko, John, Nagy, Tamas, Kekecs, Zoltan, Palfi, Bence, Adamkovic, Matus, Adamus, Sylwia, Albalooshi, Sumaya, Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan, Alfian, Ilham N., Alper, Sinan, Alvarez-Solas, Sara, Alves, Sara G., Amaya, Santiago, Andresen, Pia K., Anjum, Gulnaz, Ansari, Daniel, Arriaga, Patrícia, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R., Arvanitis, Alexios, Babincak, Peter, Barzykowski, Krystian, Bashour, Bana, Baskin, Ernest, Batalha, Luisa, Batres, Carlota, Bavolar, Jozef, Bayrak, Fatih, Becker, Benjamin, Becker, Maja, Belaus, Anabel, Białek, Michał, Bilancini, Ennio, Boller, Daniel, Boncinelli, Leonardo, Boudesseul, Jordane, Brown, Benjamin T., Buchanan, Erin M., Butt, Muhammad M., Calvillo, Dustin P., Carnes, Nate C., Celniker, Jared B., Chartier, Christopher R., Chopik, William J., Chotikavan, Poom, Chuan-Peng, Hu, Clancy, Rockwell F., Çoker, Ogeday, Correia, Rita C., Adoric, Vera Cubela, Cubillas, Carmelo P., Czoschke, Stefan, Daryani, Yalda, de Grefte, Job A. M., de Vries, Wieteke C., Burak, Elif G. Demirag, Dias, Carina, Dixson, Barnaby J. W., Du, Xinkai, Dumančić, Francesca, Dumbravă, Andrei, Dutra, Natalia B., Enachescu, Janina, Esteban-Serna, Celia, Eudave, Luis, Evans, Thomas R., Feldman, Gilad, Felisberti, Fatima M., Fiedler, Susann, Findor, Andrej, Fleischmann, Alexandra, Foroni, Francesco, Francová, Radka, Frank, Darius-Aurel, Fu, Cynthia H. Y., Gao, Shan, Ghasemi, Omid, Ghazi-Noori, Ali-Reza, Ghossainy, Maliki E., Giammusso, Isabella, Gill, Tripat, Gjoneska, Biljana, Gollwitzer, Mario, Graton, Aurélien, Grinberg, Maurice, Groyecka-Bernard, Agata, Harris, Elizabeth A., Hartanto, Andree, Hassan, Widad A. N. M., Hatami, Javad, Heimark, Katrina R., Hidding, Jasper J. J., Hristova, Evgeniya, Hruška, Matej, Hudson, Charlotte A., Huskey, Richard, Ikeda, Ayumi, Inbar, Yoel, Ingram, Gordon P. D., Isler, Ozan, Isloi, Chris, Iyer, Aishwarya, Jaeger, Bastian, Janssen, Steve M. J., Jiménez-Leal, William, Jokić, Biljana, Kačmár, Pavol, Kadreva, Veselina, Kaminski, Gwenaël, Karimi-Malekabadi, Farzan, Kasper, Arno T. A., Kendrick, Keith M., Kennedy, Bradley J., Kocalar, Halil E., Kodapanakkal, Rabia I., Kowal, Marta, Kruse, Elliott, Kučerová, Lenka, Kühberger, Anton, Kuzminska, Anna O., Lalot, Fanny, Lamm, Claus, Lammers, Joris, Lange, Elke B., Lantian, Anthony, Lau, Ivy Y.-M., Lazarevic, Ljiljana B., Leliveld, Marijke C., Lenz, Jennifer N., Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Savannah C., Li, Manyu, Li, Yansong, Li, Haozheng, Lima, Tiago J. S., Lins, Samuel, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Lopes, Paula, Lu, Jackson G., Lynds, Trent, Máčel, Martin, Mackinnon, Sean P., Maganti, Madhavilatha, Magraw-Mickelson, Zoe, Magson, Leon F., Manley, Harry, Marcu, Gabriela M., Seršić, Darja Masli, Matibag, Celine-Justine, Mattiassi, Alan D. A., Mazidi, Mahdi, McFall, Joseph P., McLatchie, Neil, Mensink, Michael C., Miketta, Lena, Milfont, Taciano L., Mirisola, Alberto, Misiak, Michal, Mitkidis, Panagiotis, Moeini-Jazani, Mehrad, Monajem, Arash, Moreau, David, Musser, Erica D., Narhetali, Erita, Ochoa, Danielle P., Olsen, Jerome, Owsley, Nicholas C., Özdoğru, Asil A., Panning, Miriam, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Parashar, Neha, Pärnamets, Philip, Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Parzuchowski, Michal, Paterlini, Julia V., Pavlacic, Jeffrey M., Peker, Mehmet, Peters, Kim, Piatnitckaia, Liudmila, Pinto, Isabel, Policarpio, Monica Renee, Pop-Jordanova, Nada, Pratama, Annas J., Primbs, Maximilian A., Pronizius, Ekaterina, Purić, Danka, Puvia, Elisa, Qamari, Vahid, Qian, Kun, Quiamzade, Alain, Ráczová, Beáta, Reinero, Diego A., Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Reyna, Cecilia, Reynolds, Kimberly, Ribeiro, Matheus F. F., Röer, Jan P., Ross, Robert M., Roussos, Petros, Ruiz-Dodobara, Fernando, Ruiz-Fernandez, Susana, Rutjens, Bastiaan T., Rybus, Katarzyna, Samekin, Adil, Santos, Anabela C., Say, Nicolas, Schild, Christoph, Schmidt, Kathleen, Ścigała, Karolina A., Sharifian, MohammadHasan, Shi, Jiaxin, Shi, Yaoxi, Sievers, Erin, Sirota, Miroslav, Slipenkyj, Michael, Solak, Çağlar, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Sorokowski, Piotr, Söylemez, Sinem, Steffens, Niklas K., Stephen, Ian D., Sternisko, Anni, Stevens-Wilson, Laura, Stewart, Suzanne L. K., Stieger, Stefan, Storage, Daniel, Strube, Justine, Susa, Kyle J., Szekely-Copîndean, Raluca D., Szostak, Natalia M., Takwin, Bagus, Tatachari, Srinivasan, Thomas, Andrew G., Tiede, Kevin E., Tiong, Lucas E., Tonković, Mirjana, Trémolière, Bastien, Tunstead, Lauren V., Türkan, Belgüzar N., Twardawski, Mathias, Vadillo, Miguel A., Vally, Zahir, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Verschuere, Bruno, Vlašiček, Denis, Voracek, Martin, Vranka, Marek A., Wang, Shuzhen, West, Skye-Loren, Whyte, Stephen, Wilton, Leigh S., Wlodarczyk, Anna, Wu, Xue, Xin, Fei, Yadanar, Su, Yama, Hiroshi, Yamada, Yuki, Yilmaz, Onurcan, Yoon, Sangsuk, Young, Danielle M., Zakharov, Ilya, Zein, Rizqy A., Zettler, Ingo, Žeželj, Iris L., Zhang, Don C., Zhang, Jin, Zheng, Xiaoxiao, Hoekstra, Rink, and Aczel, Balazs

Published
2022
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21. Mindfulness Predicts Mind Wandering and Differentially Affects Its Controllability in Everyday Life.

Author

Normann, Agatha, Voracek, Martin, and Tran, Ulrich S.

Abstract

It is currently unresolved whether control, or its lack, over mind wandering contributes to its associations with creativity. Mind wandering and mindfulness are seen as opposing constructs concerning the ability to remain undistracted and, at the same time, appear to have a complex relationship with one another and with creativity. This study investigated the influence of control on novelty and usefulness of thought content during mind wandering in everyday life, controlling for mindfulness, creativity, and momentary mood. One thousand twenty-five thought probes of 41 healthy young adults were collected over the course of one week. The mindfulness facet acting with awareness and higher originality predicted less mind wandering. Acting with awareness also predicted higher, but nonreactivity to inner experience and creative production lower, momentary control. Momentary control was lower among women than men and positively associated with usefulness, but not novelty, of thoughts. Creativity did not moderate these associations. Habitual spontaneous mind wandering predicted lower usefulness and novelty of thoughts. These results highlight the need to distinguish controlled and uncontrolled mind wandering and the facets of mindfulness in this field of inquiry. Future research should focus on the contents and processes of mind wandering to further disentangle its adaptive and maladaptive consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Measurement-Invariant Fluid Anti-Flynn Effects in Population—Representative German Student Samples (2012–2022).

Author

Oberleiter, Sandra, Patzl, Sabine, Fries, Jonathan, Diedrich, Jennifer, Voracek, Martin, and Pietschnig, Jakob

Subjects
CRYSTALLIZED intelligence, INTELLIGENCE tests, SECONDARY school students, CONFIRMATORY factor analysis, FLUIDS, INTELLIGENCE levels
Abstract

Generational IQ test scores in the general population were observed to increase over time (i.e., the Flynn effect) across most of the 1900s. However, according to more recent reports, Flynn effect patterns have seemingly become less consistent. So far, most available evidence on this phenomenon has been categorized by drawing on the classic fluid vs. crystallized intelligence taxonomy. However, recent evidence suggests that subdomain-specific trajectories of IQ change may well be more complex. Here, we present evidence for cross-temporal changes in measurement-invariant figural reasoning tasks in three large-scale, population-representative samples of German secondary school students (total N = 19,474). Analyses revealed a consistent pattern of significant and meaningful declines in performance from 2012 to 2022. Results indicate a decrease in figural reasoning of 4.68 to 5.17 IQ points per decade (corresponding to small-to-medium effects, Cohen ds from 0.34 to 0.38). These findings may be interpreted as tentative evidence for a decreasing strength of the positive manifold of intelligence as a potential cause of the increasing number of recent reports about inconsistent IQ change trajectories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. The Influence of Age, Gender and Education on Neuropsychological Test Scores: Updated Clinical Norms for Five Widely Used Cognitive Assessments.

Author

Scheffels, Jannik F., Ballasch, Isabell, Scheichel, Nadine, Voracek, Martin, Kalbe, Elke, and Kessler, Josef

Subjects
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests, TRAIL Making Test, TEST scoring, CLINICAL neuropsychology, MINI-Mental State Examination, MULTIPLE regression analysis
Abstract

Background: Sociodemographic effects (i.e., age, gender, education) have been shown to influence neuropsychological test scores. The current retrospective, quasi-epidemiological work provides age-, gender- and education-corrected clinical norms for five common cognitive assessments. Methods: In total, test scores of 4968 patients from the University Hospital of Cologne (Department of Neurology), recruited between 2009 and 2020, were analyzed retrospectively. Conducted tests were the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), F-A-S Test (FAS), Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCFT) and Trail Making Test, Part A and B (TMT-A/-B). Using multiple linear regression analyses, test scores were analyzed for sociodemographic influences (age, gender, education). Based on these analyses, norms were generated by first separating patients into different age groups stratified by educational level and (if necessary) gender. Subsequently, percentile ranks and z-scores for a subsample including only individuals without dementia were calculated. Results: Lower age and higher educational level predicted better test scores (MMSE, FAS, ROCFT) and completion times (TMT-A/-B). Additionally, produced words on the FAS and remembered drawings from the ROCFT were influenced by gender, with females having better FAS but lower ROCFT (delayed recall) scores than males. Considering these effects, clinical norms were provided for the five cognitive assessments. Conclusions: We found influences of age, gender and education on test scores, although they are frequently not or only partially considered for test score interpretation. With the provided norms, neuropsychologists can make more profound evaluations of cognitive performance. A user-friendly Microsoft Excel file is offered to assist this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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25. The fraternal birth-order effect as a statistical artefact: convergent evidence from probability calculus, simulated data, and multiverse meta-analysis.

Author

Vilsmeier, Johannes K., Kossmeier, Michael, Voracek, Martin, and Tran, Ulrich S.

Subjects
GAY men, FAMILY size, CALCULUS, HETEROSEXUAL women, PROBABILITY theory, INFERENCE (Logic), SEXUAL attraction
Abstract

The fraternal-birth order effect (FBOE) is a research claim which states that each older brother increases the odds of homosexual orientation in men via an immunoreactivity process known as the maternal immune hypothesis. Importantly, older sisters supposedly either do not affect these odds, or affect them to a lesser extent. Consequently, the fraternal birth-order effect predicts that the association between the number of older brothers and homosexual orientation in men is greater in magnitude than any association between the number of older sisters and homosexual orientation. This difference in magnitude represents the main theoretical estimand of the FBOE. In addition, no comparable effects should be observable among homosexual vs heterosexual women. Here, we triangulate the empirical foundations of the FBOE from three distinct, informative perspectives, complementing each other: first, drawing on basic probability calculus, we deduce mathematically that the body of statistical evidence used to make inferences about the main theoretical estimand of the FBOE rests on incorrect statistical reasoning. In particular, we show that throughout the literature researchers ascribe to the false assumptions that effects of family size should be adjusted for and that this could be achieved through the use of ratio variables. Second, using a data-simulation approach, we demonstrate that by using currently recommended statistical practices, researchers are bound to frequently draw incorrect conclusions. And third, we re-examine the empirical evidence of the fraternal birth-order effect in men and women by using a novel specification-curve and multiverse approach to meta-analysis (64 male and 17 female samples, N = 2,778,998). When analyzed correctly, the specific association between the number of older brothers and homosexual orientation is small, heterogenous in magnitude, and apparently not specific to men. In addition, existing research evidence seems to be exaggerated by small-study effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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26. Are Speeded Tests Unfair? Modeling the Impact of Time Limits on the Gender Gap in Mathematics.

Author

Stoevenbelt, Andrea H., Wicherts, Jelte M., Flore, Paulette C., Phillips, Lorraine A. T., Pietschnig, Jakob, Verschuere, Bruno, Voracek, Martin, and Schwabe, Inga

Subjects
GENDER role, TIME, RESEARCH methodology, WOMEN, MATHEMATICS, SEX distribution, STEREOTYPES, ACADEMIC achievement, COMPARATIVE studies, ACHIEVEMENT tests, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, STATISTICAL models, EVALUATION
Abstract

When cognitive and educational tests are administered under time limits, tests may become speeded and this may affect the reliability and validity of the resulting test scores. Prior research has shown that time limits may create or enlarge gender gaps in cognitive and academic testing. On average, women complete fewer items than men when a test is administered with a strict time limit, whereas gender gaps are frequently reduced when time limits are relaxed. In this study, we propose that gender differences in test strategy might inflate gender gaps favoring men, and relate test strategy to stereotype threat effects under which women underperform due to the pressure of negative stereotypes about their performance. First, we applied a Bayesian two-dimensional item response theory (IRT) model to data obtained from two registered reports that investigated stereotype threat in mathematics, and estimated the latent correlation between underlying test strategy (here, completion factor, a proxy for working speed) and mathematics ability. Second, we tested the gender gap and assessed potential effects of stereotype threat on female test performance. We found a positive correlation between the completion factor and mathematics ability, such that more able participants dropped out later in the test. We did not observe a stereotype threat effect but found larger gender differences on the latent completion factor than on latent mathematical ability, suggesting that test strategies affect the gender gap in timed mathematics performance. We argue that if the effect of time limits on tests is not taken into account, this may lead to test unfairness and biased group comparisons, and urge researchers to consider these effects in either their analyses or study planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. Association of 7 million+ tweets featuring suicide-related content with daily calls to the Suicide Prevention Lifeline and with suicides, United States, 2016–2018.

Author

Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas, Tran, Ulrich S, Baginski, Hubert, Sinyor, Mark, Strauss, Markus J, Sumner, Steven A, Voracek, Martin, Till, Benedikt, Murphy, Sean, Gonzalez, Frances, Gould, Madelyn, Garcia, David, Draper, John, and Metzler, Hannah

Subjects
SUICIDE, SUICIDE prevention, HELP-seeking behavior, MACHINE learning, TELECOMMUNICATION, RESEARCH funding, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, TIME series analysis
Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess associations of various content areas of Twitter posts with help-seeking from the US National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (Lifeline) and with suicides. Methods: We retrieved 7,150,610 suicide-related tweets geolocated to the United States and posted between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2018. Using a specially devised machine-learning approach, we categorized posts into content about prevention, suicide awareness, personal suicidal ideation without coping, personal coping and recovery, suicide cases and other. We then applied seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average analyses to assess associations of tweet categories with daily calls to the US National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (Lifeline) and suicides on the same day. We hypothesized that coping-related and prevention-related tweets are associated with greater help-seeking and potentially fewer suicides. Results: The percentage of posts per category was 15.4% (standard deviation: 7.6%) for awareness, 13.8% (standard deviation: 9.4%) for prevention, 12.3% (standard deviation: 9.1%) for suicide cases, 2.4% (standard deviation: 2.1%) for suicidal ideation without coping and 0.8% (standard deviation: 1.7%) for coping posts. Tweets about prevention were positively associated with Lifeline calls (B = 1.94, SE = 0.73, p = 0.008) and negatively associated with suicides (B = −0.11, standard error = 0.05, p = 0.038). Total number of tweets were negatively associated with calls (B = −0.01, standard error = 0.0003, p = 0.007) and positively associated with suicide, (B = 6.4 × 10−5, standard error = 2.6 × 10−5, p = 0.015). Conclusion: This is the first large-scale study to suggest that daily volume of specific suicide-prevention-related social media content on Twitter corresponds to higher daily levels of help-seeking behaviour and lower daily number of suicide deaths. Preregistration: As Predicted, #66922, 26 May 2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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29. Effects of caste, birth season, and family income on digit ratios.

Author

Kumar, Sanjay and Voracek, Martin

Subjects
*INCOME, *CASTE, *VERNIERS, *SEXUAL dimorphism, *ETHNIC differences
Abstract

Objectives: The contributions of latitude and ethnicity in the determination of cross‐society differences in digit ratios are unclear. In India, different castes (endogamous groups) have been living in the same areas (villages or towns) for the last 1500 years and, therefore, these groups may have different gene pools without a latitude‐related difference component. Thus, in the present study, we studied the effect of caste on digit ratios. We also studied the effects of sex, birth season, and family income on digit ratios. Methods: We selected a sample of 301 college students (age: M = 19.9 years, SD = 2.63) in Muzaffarnagar city of western Uttar Pradesh, India, and asked participants for information regarding their birth month, religion, caste, and monthly family income. We measured participants' dorsal and palmar digit lengths (of all fingers, except the thumb, in both hands) using vernier calipers of 0.01 mm accuracy. Results: Other backward castes (intermediate castes) had longer digit lengths than general castes (upper castes), scheduled castes (lower castes), and Muslims. However, there was no difference in digit ratios of caste groups (scheduled castes vs. other backward castes vs. general castes vs. Muslims) or specific castes (Chamar‐Jatav vs. Jat vs. Pandit‐Tyagi). Winter‐born women had lower left dorsal 2D:4D and 3D:4D ratios than summer‐born women. Family income was related to higher dorsal 2D:4D and 3D:4D ratios among women. Moreover, in dorsal digit ratios, sex difference (men < women) occurred in digit ratios constituting digit 5, whereas, in palmar digit ratios, sex difference occurred in digit ratios constituting digit 2. Conclusions: The present study suggests that endogamy‐led genetic difference in ethnic/caste groups is not a determinant, whereas birth season (i.e., the exposure to sunlight) and family income might be determinants of digit ratios. In addition, compared to palmar digit ratios, dorsal digit ratios are better markers of sexual dimorphism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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31. Only Small Effects of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Biomarker Levels of Inflammation and Stress: A Preregistered Systematic Review and Two Three-Level Meta-Analyses.

Author

Grasmann, Jakob, Almenräder, Frederick, Voracek, Martin, and Tran, Ulrich S.

Subjects
MINDFULNESS, PEOPLE with mental illness, INFLAMMATION, PUBLICATION bias
Abstract

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have a positive effect on biomarkers of inflammation and stress in patients with psychiatric disorders and physical illnesses. Regarding subclinical populations, results are less clear. The present meta-analysis addressed the effects of MBIs on biomarkers in psychiatric populations and among healthy, stressed, and at-risk populations. All available biomarker data were investigated with a comprehensive approach, using two three-level meta-analyses. Pre–post changes in biomarker levels within treatment groups (k = 40 studies, total N = 1441) and treatment effects compared to control group effects, using only RCT data (k = 32, total N = 2880), were of similar magnitude, Hedges g = −0.15 (95% CI = [−0.23, −0.06], p < 0.001) and g = −0.11 (95% CI = [−0.23, 0.001], p = 0.053). Effects increased in magnitude when including available follow-up data but did not differ between type of sample, MBI, biomarker, and control group or duration of the MBI. This suggests that MBIs may ameliorate biomarker levels in both psychiatric and subclinical populations to a small extent. However, low study quality and evidence of publication bias may have impacted on the results. More large and preregistered studies are still needed in this field of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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32. Contextual factors predicting compliance behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: A machine learning analysis on survey data from 16 countries.

Author

Hajdu, Nandor, Schmidt, Kathleen, Acs, Gergely, Röer, Jan P., Mirisola, Alberto, Giammusso, Isabella, Arriaga, Patrícia, Ribeiro, Rafael, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Arinze, Nwadiogo C., Voracek, Martin, Stieger, Stefan, Adamkovic, Matus, Elsherif, Mahmoud, Kern, Bettina M. J., Barzykowski, Krystian, Ilczuk, Ewa, Martončik, Marcel, and Ropovik, Ivan

Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic, MACHINE learning, PUBLIC health officers, INFECTIOUS disease transmission, DATA analysis
Abstract

Voluntary isolation is one of the most effective methods for individuals to help prevent the transmission of diseases such as COVID-19. Understanding why people leave their homes when advised not to do so and identifying what contextual factors predict this non-compliant behavior is essential for policymakers and public health officials. To provide insight on these factors, we collected data from 42,169 individuals across 16 countries. Participants responded to items inquiring about their socio-cultural environment, such as the adherence of fellow citizens, as well as their mental states, such as their level of loneliness and boredom. We trained random forest models to predict whether someone had left their home during a one week period during which they were asked to voluntarily isolate themselves. The analyses indicated that overall, an increase in the feeling of being caged leads to an increased probability of leaving home. In addition, an increased feeling of responsibility and an increased fear of getting infected decreased the probability of leaving home. The models predicted compliance behavior with between 54% and 91% accuracy within each country's sample. In addition, we modeled factors leading to risky behavior in the pandemic context. We observed an increased probability of visiting risky places as both the anticipated number of people and the importance of the activity increased. Conversely, the probability of visiting risky places increased as the perceived putative effectiveness of social distancing decreased. The variance explained in our models predicting risk ranged from <.01 to.54 by country. Together, our findings can inform behavioral interventions to increase adherence to lockdown recommendations in pandemic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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33. The relationships of family income and caste-status with religiousness: Mediation role of intolerance of uncertainty.

Author

Kumar, Sanjay and Voracek, Martin

Subjects
*INCOME, *MEDIATION (Statistics), *POOR families, *RELIGIOUSNESS, *FAMILY relations, *LATENT variables
Abstract

The relationship between lower socioeconomic status (SES) and religiousness is well known; however, its (psychological mediation) mechanism is not clear. In the present study, we studied the mediation role of intolerance of uncertainty (IU; a personality measure of self-uncertainty) in the effect of SES on religiousness and its dimensions (i.e., believing, bonding, behaving, and belonging), in two different samples (students sample, N = 868, and community sample, N = 250), after controlling the effects of factors like age, sex, handedness, and self-reported risk-taking. The results showed that IU mediated the effects of lower family income and lower caste status (in students' sample only) on religiousness and its dimensions; higher caste status had a direct effect on religiousness (and its dimensions), and; among the sub-factors of IU, only prospective IU affected religiousness. Thus, along with showing that IU is a mediator of the effects of lower family income and lower caste status on religiousness, the present study supports the contention that religiousness is a latent variable that varied factors can independently initiate. Moreover, the present study suggests a nuanced model of the relationship between the hierarchical caste system and religiousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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34. The Handedness Index Practical Task (HI20): An economic behavioural measure for assessing manual preference.

Author

Kuderer, Sonja, Voracek, Martin, Kirchengast, Sylvia, and Rotter, Christoph E.

Subjects
*HANDEDNESS, *GRIP strength, *K-means clustering, *CLUSTER analysis (Statistics), *LATERAL dominance
Abstract

Because self-report hand preference measures are limited to investigating cognitive aspects of manual laterality, valid, easy-to-administer and economic behavioural methods are needed for capturing the motoric component of handedness. Therefore, this study introduces the Handedness Index Practical Task (HI20) and tests it in a sample of 206 students (Mage = 23.79 years, SDage = 3.01 years), half of whom were self-specified left-handers. After confirming good reliabilities at the subscale and total scale levels, k-means cluster analysis allowed an empirically based partitioning of test subjects into left- (n = 72), mixed- (n = 23) and right-handers (n = 111). To validate this categorization and the HI20 index, data were compared with the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (EHI), EHI-short, HI22 and hand grip strength. The congruency between the HI20 clusters and alternative categorizations ranged from 95.6% to 84.0%, while the clusters explained large portions of variance in grip strength differences. The HI20 sub- and total scores showed strong correlations with other measures of lateral preference. Altogether, the freely available HI20 emerges as a reliable and valid alternative for behavioural handedness assessment, whose power lies in explaining differential hand use patterns and enabling fine-grained examinations of handedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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35. Association of Logic's hip hop song "1-800-273-8255" with Lifeline calls and suicides in the United States: interrupted time series analysis.

Author

Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas, Tran, Ulrich S., Gould, Madelyn, Sinyor, Mark, Sumner, Steven, Strauss, Markus J., Voracek, Martin, Till, Benedikt, Murphy, Sean, Gonzalez, Frances, Spittal, Matthew J., and Draper, John

Subjects
SUICIDE prevention, CONFIDENCE intervals, COUNSELING, SOCIAL media, HELP-seeking behavior, EMERGENCY medical services communication systems, PRE-tests & post-tests, HOPE, TIME series analysis, ATTENTION, MUSIC, HEALTH promotion, HOLIDAYS
Published
2021
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36. Baseline trait mindfulness moderates the efficacy of mindfulness interventions and active controls: A meta‐analysis of 177 randomised controlled trials.

Author

Sieder, Kathrin, Thiedmann, Phillip, Voracek, Martin, and Tran, Ulrich S.

Abstract

Previous evidence suggests that benefits of mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) may depend on individuals' baseline trait mindfulness (BTM) levels. This meta‐analysis investigated moderating effects of BTM on changes in mental health outcomes and trait mindfulness in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of MBIs. A total of 177 primary studies (total N = 13,486), comparing the treatment effects of MBIs against active, treatment‐as‐usual (TAU) and waitlist control groups, were synthesised via three‐level meta‐analysis. Lower BTM was associated with larger changes in mental health outcomes (B = −0.14, 95% CI [−0.21, −0.06], p < .001) and trait mindfulness (B = −0.09 [−0.16, −0.02], p = .009) in MBIs and active controls combined. These associations were significantly larger than from those in TAU and waitlist controls. Moderating effects were less tangible for changes in trait mindfulness in MBIs and active controls individually and less tangible in various sensitivity analyses which, however, were confounded by client type across the RCTs. Individuals low in BTM may, by a small effect size, benefit more from MBIs and active control interventions. BTM may thus affect the evaluation of treatment efficacy. MBIs and active interventions could be offered specifically to persons low in BTM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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37. Mental health literacy of depression: A preregistered study reconsidering gendered differences using filmed disclosures.

Author

Swami, Viren, Grüneis, Clemens G., Voracek, Martin, and Tran, Ulrich S.

Subjects
*DIAGNOSIS of mental depression, *ATTITUDES toward mental illness, *EMPATHY, *MENTAL health, *TASK performance, *HELP-seeking behavior, *HEALTH literacy, *SEX distribution, *RANDOMIZED controlled trials, *COMPARATIVE studies, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *MENTAL depression, *CASE studies, *VIDEO recording, *PSYCHOLOGICAL distress
Abstract

The study of mental health literacy is well-developed, but the basic methodology used in this research (i.e., the use of text-based vignettes) has not changed substantively in over two decades of work. Here, we developed novel filmed disclosures to re-assess mental health literacy of depression in a preregistered study utilizing a randomized, fully within-subjects design. A total of 405 adults from Austria (57% women, age M = 32.5 years) viewed short (~3 min) filmed disclosures by a female or male target and were asked to report if they thought anything was wrong with the targets and, if so, to describe what they thought was wrong. Participants also rated the targets on a range of attitudinal dimensions and completed measures of conformity to masculine norms and expressivity. The majority of participants (93.8%) correctly identified that something was wrong with the targets and, of those that did, the majority (69.2%) correctly described cases of depression. Neither target nor participant gender significantly influenced symptom recognition. Gendered effects were also largely null in terms of perceived distress, treatment difficulty, sympathy, and likelihood of recommending help for the targets, and both conformity to masculine norms and expressivity had minimal impact on attitudinal dimensions. These results highlight the potential utility of filmed disclosures in the study of mental health literacy and suggest that gendered effects reported in previous studies may be an artifact of the use of text-based vignettes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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38. Self-Reported Mindfulness Accounts for the Effects of Mindfulness Interventions and Nonmindfulness Controls on Self-Reported Mental Health: A Preregistered Systematic Review and Three-Level Meta-Analysis of 146 Randomized Controlled Trials.

Author

Tran, Ulrich S., Birnbaum, Layla, Burzler, Matthias A., Hegewisch, Ulrich J. C., Ramazanova, Dariga, and Voracek, Martin

Subjects
*MINDFULNESS, *MENTAL health, *PUBLICATION bias, *TREATMENT effectiveness
Abstract

Meta-analyses suggest that mindfulness interventions have positive effects on mental health. Yet, how mindfulness interventions exert their effects is still largely unknown. Self-reported mindfulness may partially mediate the association between mindfulness interventions and change in self-reported mental health. We present the results of a novel application of three-level meta-analysis on the pre–post intervention data of 146 RCTs of mindfulness interventions (total N = 10,979), probing the efficacy of a broad range of mindfulness interventions and meditation training against active, treatment-as-usual (TAU), and wait-list control groups. We found that self-reported mindfulness not only increased in mindfulness interventions (d = 0.54, 95% CI [0.47, 0.61]), but also in active (nonmindfulness) controls (d = 0.27 [0.18, 0.36]) and wait-list controls (d = 0.10 [0.04, 0.17]; but not TAU controls: d = 0.04 [−0.03, 0.12]). In addition, change in mindfulness accounted for change in self-reported mental health (mindfulness interventions: d = 0.65 [0.57, 0.73]; active controls: d = 0.49 [0.36, 0.62]; TAU controls: d = 0.20 [0.12, 0.29]; wait-list controls: d = 0.22 [0.14, 0.30]) in all treatment and control groups alike. Thus, self-reported mindfulness apparently is no unique mediator of mindfulness interventions. It may either be more universal, merely a correlate of self-reported mental health, or both. Research should focus on the common denominator of mindfulness interventions and clinically relevant constructs with which self-reported mindfulness shares some of its characteristics. Limitations pertain to the indirect evidence of the three-level meta-analytic approach, the self-report nature of the data, and small-study effects, which suggest the presence of publication bias. The risk of bias may have led to the overestimation of effects and results could further be subjected to effects of shared method variance. Public Significance Statement: This meta-analysis suggests that increases in self-reported mindfulness may explain the treatment efficacy of various mindfulness-based interventions, but also of nonmindfulness-based controls. Self-reported mindfulness thus may be no unique mediator of the effects of mindfulness interventions. The current evidence leaves open whether self-reported mindfulness might be a universal mediator of treatment effects, merely reflects changes of self-reported mental health in general, or both. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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39. Of differing methods, disputed estimates and discordant interpretations: the meta-analytical multiverse of brain volume and IQ associations.

Author

Pietschnig J, Gerdesmann D, Zeiler M, and Voracek M

Abstract

Brain size and IQ are positively correlated. However, multiple meta-analyses have led to considerable differences in summary effect estimations, thus failing to provide a plausible effect estimate. Here we aim at resolving this issue by providing the largest meta-analysis and systematic review so far of the brain volume and IQ association (86 studies; 454 effect sizes from k = 194 independent samples; N = 26 000+) in three cognitive ability domains (full-scale, verbal, performance IQ). By means of competing meta-analytical approaches as well as combinatorial and specification curve analyses, we show that most reasonable estimates for the brain size and IQ link yield r -values in the mid-0.20s, with the most extreme specifications yielding r s of 0.10 and 0.37. Summary effects appeared to be somewhat inflated due to selective reporting, and cross-temporally decreasing effect sizes indicated a confounding decline effect, with three quarters of the summary effect estimations according to any reasonable specification not exceeding r = 0.26, thus contrasting effect sizes were observed in some prior related, but individual, meta-analytical specifications. Brain size and IQ associations yielded r = 0.24, with the strongest effects observed for more g -loaded tests and in healthy samples that generalize across participant sex and age bands., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (© 2022 The Authors.)

Published
2022
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40. The Handedness Index Practical Task (HI 20 ): An economic behavioural measure for assessing manual preference.

Author

Kuderer S, Voracek M, Kirchengast S, and Rotter CE

Subjects
Adult, Child, Preschool, Hand, Humans, Self Report, Upper Extremity, Young Adult, Functional Laterality, Hand Strength
Abstract

ABSTRACT Because self-report hand preference measures are limited to investigating cognitive aspects of manual laterality, valid, easy-to-administer and economic behavioural methods are needed for capturing the motoric component of handedness. Therefore, this study introduces the Handedness Index Practical Task (HI 20 ) and tests it in a sample of 206 students ( M age  = 23.79 years, SD age  = 3.01 years), half of whom were self-specified left-handers. After confirming good reliabilities at the subscale and total scale levels, k -means cluster analysis allowed an empirically based partitioning of test subjects into left- ( n  = 72), mixed- ( n  = 23) and right-handers ( n  = 111). To validate this categorization and the HI 20 index, data were compared with the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (EHI), EHI-short, HI 22 and hand grip strength. The congruency between the HI 20 clusters and alternative categorizations ranged from 95.6% to 84.0%, while the clusters explained large portions of variance in grip strength differences. The HI 20 sub- and total scores showed strong correlations with other measures of lateral preference. Altogether, the freely available HI 20 emerges as a reliable and valid alternative for behavioural handedness assessment, whose power lies in explaining differential hand use patterns and enabling fine-grained examinations of handedness.

Published
2022
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41. Lexical access speed and the development of phonological recoding during immediate serial recall.

Author

AuBuchon AM, Elliott EM, Morey CC, Jarrold C, Cowan N, Adams EJ, Attwood M, Bayram B, Blakstvedt TY, Büttner G, Castelain T, Cave S, Crepaldi D, Fredriksen E, Glass BA, Guitard D, Hoehl S, Hosch A, Jeanneret S, Joseph TN, Koch C, Lelonkiewicz JR, Meissner G, Mendenhall W, Moreau D, Ostermann T, Özdogru AA, Padovani F, Poloczek S, Röer JP, Schonberg C, Tamnes CK, Tomasik MJ, Valentini B, Vergauwe E, Vlach H, and Voracek M

Abstract

A recent Registered Replication Report (RRR) of the development of verbal rehearsal during serial recall (Elliott et al., 2021) revealed that children verbalized at younger ages than previously thought (Flavell et al., 1966), but did not identify sources of individual differences. Here we use mediation analysis to reanalyze data from the 934 children ranging from 5 to 10 years old from the RRR for that purpose. From ages 5 to 7, the time taken for a child to label pictures (i.e. isolated naming speed) predicted the child's spontaneous use of labels during a visually-presented serial reconstruction task, despite no need for spoken responses. For 6- and 7-year-olds, isolated naming speed also predicted recall. The degree to which verbalization mediated the relation between isolated naming speed and recall changed across development. All relations dissipated by age 10. The same general pattern was observed in an exploratory analysis of delayed recall for which greater demands are placed on rehearsal for item maintenance. Overall, our findings suggest that spontaneous phonological recoding during a standard short-term memory task emerges around age 5, increases in efficiency during the early elementary school years, and is sufficiently automatic by age 10 to support immediate serial recall in most children. Moreover, the findings highlight the need to distinguish between phonological recoding and rehearsal in developmental studies of short-term memory.

Published
2022
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42. Association of Logic's hip hop song "1-800-273-8255" with Lifeline calls and suicides in the United States: interrupted time series analysis.

Author

Niederkrotenthaler T, Tran US, Gould M, Sinyor M, Sumner S, Strauss MJ, Voracek M, Till B, Murphy S, Gonzalez F, Spittal MJ, and Draper J

Subjects
Humans, Suicide statistics & numerical data, United States epidemiology, Hotlines statistics & numerical data, Mass Media, Suicide Prevention
Abstract

Objective: To assess changes in daily call volumes to the US National Suicide Prevention Lifeline and in suicides during periods of wide scale public attention to the song "1-800-273-8255" by American hip hop artist Logic., Design: Time series analysis., Setting: United States, 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2018., Participants: Total US population. Lifeline calls and suicide data were obtained from Lifeline and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention., Main Outcome Measures: Daily Lifeline calls and suicide data before and after the release of the song. Twitter posts were used to estimate the amount and duration of attention the song received. Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average time series models were fitted to the pre-release period to estimate Lifeline calls and suicides. Models were fitted to the full time series with dummy variables for periods of strong attention to the song., Results: In the 34 day period after the three events with the strongest public attention (the song's release, the MTV Video Music Awards 2017, and Grammy Awards 2018), Lifeline received an excess of 9915 calls (95% confidence interval 6594 to 13 236), an increase of 6.9% (95% confidence interval 4.6% to 9.2%, P<0.001) over the expected number. A corresponding model for suicides indicated a reduction over the same period of 245 suicides (95% confidence interval 36 to 453) or 5.5% (95% confidence interval 0.8% to 10.1%, P=0.02) below the expected number of suicides., Conclusions: Logic's song "1-800-273-8255" was associated with a large increase in calls to Lifeline. A reduction in suicides was observed in the periods with the most social media discourse about the song., Competing Interests: Competing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at http://www.icmje.org/disclosure-of-interest/ and declare: MG, TN, and BT had financial support from Vibrant Emotional Health for not directly related work in the same area, which was the basis for development of this research project; MS reports a grant from the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (grant No SRG-0-153-19) for not directly related work in the same area in the past three years; SM, FG, and JD have been employees of Vibrant Emotional Health, the non-profit organisation that administers the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline and is funded by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, USA, in the past three years; BT reports consulting fees in the past three years from Suicide Awareness Voices of Education (SAVE) for not directly related work in the same area; MG reports membership in the Steering and Standards, Training and Practices committees of the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline; TN reports being a current board member of the International Association for Suicide Prevention as vice president., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Published
2021
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