28 results on '"Ma, Zehua"'
Search Results
2. The ELAVL3/MYCN positive feedback loop provides a therapeutic target for neuroendocrine prostate cancer
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Ji, Yiyi, Zhang, Weiwei, Shen, Kai, Su, Ruopeng, Liu, Xinyu, Ma, Zehua, Liu, Bo, Hu, Cong, Xue, Yizheng, Xin, Zhixiang, Yang, Yi, Li, Ang, Jiang, Zhou, Jing, Na, Zhu, Helen He, Dong, Liang, Zhu, Yinjie, Dong, Baijun, Pan, Jiahua, Wang, Qi, and Xue, Wei
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- 2023
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3. Language universal font watermarking with multiple cross-media robustness
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Yang, Xi, Zhang, Weiming, Fang, Han, Ma, Zehua, and Yu, Nenghai
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- 2023
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4. Three-dimensional simulation of fuel relocation during loss-of-coolant accidents based on the coupled FEM-DEM approach
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Ma, Zehua, Liang, Ren, Lin, Zhikang, Ouyang, Yong, Lu, Xianghui, Wu, Yingwei, and Su, G.H.
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- 2022
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5. Influences of variable porosity on CaO/Ca(OH)2 thermochemical energy storage characteristics in direct/indirect heated reactor
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Xu, Qili, Sun, Jie, Ma, Zehua, Xie, Rui, and Wei, Jinjia
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- 2022
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6. A survey of energy-saving technologies in cloud data centers
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Cheng, Huiwen, Liu, Bo, Lin, Weiwei, Ma, Zehua, Li, Keqin, and Hsu, Ching-Hsien
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- 2021
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7. Theoretical analysis for coupled thermal deformation behaviors of subassemblies in a single row in sodium-cooled fast reactors
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Ma, Zhenhui, Ma, Zehua, Li, Da, Su, Chunlei, Wu, Yingwei, and Su, G.H.
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- 2021
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8. SUMOylation controls the binding of hexokinase 2 to mitochondria and protects against prostate cancer tumorigenesis
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Shangguan, Xun, He, Jianli, Ma, Zehua, zhang, Weiwei, Ji, Yiyi, Shen, Kai, Yue, Zhiying, Li, Wenyu, Xin, Zhixiang, Zheng, Quan, Cao, Ying, Pan, Jiahua, Dong, Baijun, Cheng, Jinke, Wang, Qi, and Xue, Wei
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- 2021
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9. Tumour tissue‐derived small extracellular vesicles reflect molecular subtypes of bladder cancer.
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Dong, Liang, Feng, Mingxiao, Kuczler, Morgan D., Horie, Kengo, Kim, Chi‐Ju, Ma, Zehua, Lombardo, Kara, Lyons, Heather, Amend, Sarah R., Kates, Max, Bivalacqua, Trinity J., McConkey, David, Xue, Wei, Choi, Woonyoung, and Pienta, Kenneth J.
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EXTRACELLULAR vesicles ,BLADDER cancer ,TISSUES ,TRANSMISSION electron microscopy ,TUMORS ,RNA sequencing - Abstract
mRNA‐based molecular subtypes have implications for bladder cancer prognosis and clinical benefit from certain therapies. Whether small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) can reflect bladder cancer molecular subtypes is unknown. We performed whole transcriptome RNA sequencing for formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumour tissues and sEVs separated from matched tissue explants, urine and plasma in patients with bladder cancer. sEVs were separated using size‐exclusion chromatography, and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, nano flow cytometry and western blots, respectively. High yield of sEVs were obtained using approximately 1 g of tissue, incubated with media for 30 min. FFPE tumour tissue and tumour tissue‐derived sEVs demonstrated good concordance in molecular subtype classification. All urinary sEVs were classified as luminal subtype, while all plasma sEVs were classified as Ba/Sq subtype, regardless of the molecular subtypes indicated by their matched FFPE tumour tissue. The comparison within urine sEVs, which may exclude the sample type specific background, could pick up the different biology between NMIBC and MIBC, as well as the signature genes related to molecular subtypes. Four candidate sEV‐related bladder cancer‐specific mRNA biomarkers, FAM71E2, OR4K5, FAM138F and KRTAP26‐1, were identified by analysing matched urine sEVs, tumour tissue derived sEVs, and adjacent normal tissue derived sEVs. Compared to sEVs separated from biofluids, tissue‐derived sEVs may reflect more tissue‐ or disease‐specific biological features. Urine sEVs are promising biomarkers to be used for liquid biopsy‐based molecular subtype classification, but the current algorithm needs to be modified/adjusted. Future work is needed to validate the four new bladder cancer‐specific biomarkers in large cohorts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. DeAR: A Deep-learning-based Audio Re-recording Resilient Watermarking
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Liu, Chang, Zhang, Jie, Fang, Han, Ma, Zehua, Zhang, Weiming, and Yu, Nenghai
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Sound (cs.SD) ,Computer Science - Cryptography and Security ,Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS) ,FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Cryptography and Security (cs.CR) ,Computer Science - Sound ,Computer Science - Multimedia ,Multimedia (cs.MM) ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing - Abstract
Audio watermarking is widely used for leaking source tracing. The robustness of the watermark determines the traceability of the algorithm. With the development of digital technology, audio re-recording (AR) has become an efficient and covert means to steal secrets. AR process could drastically destroy the watermark signal while preserving the original information. This puts forward a new requirement for audio watermarking at this stage, that is, to be robust to AR distortions. Unfortunately, none of the existing algorithms can effectively resist AR attacks due to the complexity of the AR process. To address this limitation, this paper proposes DeAR, a deep-learning-based audio re-recording resistant watermarking. Inspired by DNN-based image watermarking, we pioneer a deep learning framework for audio carriers, based on which the watermark signal can be effectively embedded and extracted. Meanwhile, in order to resist the AR attack, we delicately analyze the distortions that occurred in the AR process and design the corresponding distortion layer to cooperate with the proposed watermarking framework. Extensive experiments show that the proposed algorithm can resist not only common electronic channel distortions but also AR distortions. Under the premise of high-quality embedding (SNR=25.86dB), in the case of a common re-recording distance (20cm), the algorithm can effectively achieve an average bit recovery accuracy of 98.55%., Accepted by AAAI2023
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- 2022
11. Go Wide or Go Deep: Levering Watermarking Performance with Computational Cost for Specific Images
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Jia, Zhaoyang, Fang, Han, Ma, Zehua, and Zhang, Weiming
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer Science - Cryptography and Security ,Cryptography and Security (cs.CR) - Abstract
Digital watermarking has been widely studied for the protection of intellectual property. Traditional watermarking schemes often design in a "wider" rule, which applies one general embedding mechanism to all images. But this will limit the scheme into a robustness-invisibility trade-off, where the improvements of robustness can only be achieved by the increase of embedding intensity thus causing the visual quality decay. However, a new scenario comes out at this stage that many businesses wish to give high level protection to specific valuable images, which requires high robustness and high visual quality at the same time. Such scenario makes the watermarking schemes should be designed in a "deeper" way which makes the embedding mechanism customized to specific images. To achieve so, we break the robustness-invisibility trade-off by introducing computation cost in, and propose a novel auto-decoder-like image-specified watermarking framework (ISMark). Based on ISMark, the strong robustness and high visual quality for specific images can be both achieved. In detail, we apply an optimization procedure (OPT) to replace the traditional embedding mechanism. Unlike existing schemes that embed watermarks using a learned encoder, OPT regards the cover image as the optimizable parameters to minimize the extraction error of the decoder, thus the features of each specified image can be effectively exploited to achieve superior performance. Extensive experiments indicate that ISMark outperforms the state-of-the-art methods by a large margin, which improves the average bit error rate by 4.64% (from 4.86% to 0.22%) and PSNR by 2.20dB (from 32.50dB to 34.70dB)., 9 pages, 7 figures
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- 2022
12. Design of speed control system for intelligent sorting conveyor belt of coal gangue.
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Chen, Guangsheng, Zhao, Minghui, Zou, Huadong, and Ma, Zehua
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INTELLIGENT control systems ,CONVEYOR belts ,BELT conveyors ,COAL ,FREQUENCY changers ,ENERGY consumption ,LONGWALL mining - Abstract
With the development of technology, the application of intelligent coal gangue sorting is more and more favored by coal mining enterprises. The coal gangue intelligent sorting system has higher requirements on the coal conveyor belt. The traditional transmission system has the problems of slow speed response, unstable operation, high energy consumption and jitter in the process of speed change. Using PLC, touch screen, frequency converter, RS-485, sensors and so on, the speed control and speed monitoring system of belt transport mechanism is constructed. By analyzing the error law of the system speed control and using Numpy system analysis and calculation, speed pre-compensation can be made. Then by controling speed precision through the PID and monitoring display through the time-speed curve, the real-time automation gives an alarm for abnormal speed situation. According to the speed requirement of the intelligent sorting system of coal gangue, the system can quickly reach the predetermined speed value, and effectively eliminate the shaking phenomenon in the process of changing speed. The system has strong universality, easy maintenance, and stable speed control, which is conducive to improving the reliability and efficiency of the intelligent sorting system for coal gangue and reduceing transmission mechanism wear caused by dithering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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13. Local Geometric Distortions Resilient Watermarking Scheme Based on Symmetry.
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Ma, Zehua, Zhang, Weiming, Fang, Han, Dong, Xiaoyi, Geng, Linfeng, and Yu, Nenghai
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IMAGE processing , *SYMMETRY , *DIGITAL watermarking - Abstract
As an efficient watermark attack method, geometric distortions destroy the synchronization between the watermark encoder and decoder. Local geometric distortion is a considerable challenge in the watermarking field. Although many geometric distortion resilient watermarking schemes have been proposed, few perform well against local geometric distortions, such as random bending attacks (RBAs). To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel watermark synchronization process and a corresponding watermarking scheme. In our scheme, the watermark bits are represented by random patterns. The message is encoded to obtain a watermark unit, and the watermark unit is flipped to generate a symmetrical watermark. Then, the symmetrical watermark is additively embedded into the spatial domain of the host image. In watermark extraction, we first obtain the theoretical mean-square error minimized estimation of the watermark. Then, an autoconvolution function is applied to this estimation to detect the symmetry and obtain a watermark unit map. According to this map, the watermark can be accurately synchronized, and then extraction can be performed. Experimental results demonstrate the excellent robustness of the proposed watermarking scheme to local geometric distortions, global geometric distortions, common image processing operations, and some kinds of combined attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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14. Athermalization of star sensor optical system with large field of view and low distortion.
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Wang, Xingyan, Wang, Hu, Shen, Yang, Ma, Zehua, and Yan, Haoyu
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- 2023
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15. Design of a catadioptric system for infrared star sensor with wide field of view.
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Yan, Haoyu, Wang, Hu, Xue, Yaoke, and Ma, Zehua
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- 2022
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16. Design of hybrid refractive-diffractive star sensor optical system with wide field and small F-number.
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Ma, Zehua, Wang, Hu, Shen, Yang, Xue, Yaoke, and Yan, Haoyu
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- 2022
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17. Numerical investigation of ballooning and burst for chromium coated zircaloy cladding.
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Ma, Zehua, Shirvan, Koroush, Wu, Yingwei, and Su, G.H.
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ZIRCALOY-2 , *SURFACE coatings , *PRESSURIZED water reactors , *CHROMIUM , *NUCLEAR energy , *NUCLEAR research - Abstract
• Behavior of Cr-coated clad under integral LOCA test is simulated in FEA. • Current burst criteria for Zircaloy is ineffective to capture Cr-coated concept. • New overstress and plasticity instability criteria for the Cr coating are proposed. • Coating thickness is found to be numerically insensitive to burst temperature. Chromium (Cr) coated cladding is one of the most promising accident-tolerant fuels for pressurized water reactors. The behavior of Cr-coated cladding under the accident conditions is crucial to quantify its implication on safety, licensing and economics. This work focuses on the modeling of the burst behavior of Cr-coated cladding under Loss of Coolant Accidents (LOCAs). For this purpose, the material properties and behavior models of Zircaloy and chromium have been studied and implemented into the ABAQUS. Then the ABAQUS models are compared against several burst tests done by Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) and Électricité de France (EDF). During the comparison process, different high temperature creep models, zircaloy cladding burst criteria and coating thicknesses are adopted to investigate the thermo-mechanical performance and burst behavior of Cr-coated claddings under LOCA. Based on the comparative computational analysis, 100% and 85% Cr fracture strength and the strain rate of 0.23 /s and 0.07 /s are proposed as a new overstress burst criterion for coated cladding under a heating rate from 5 K/s and 10 K/s. The effect of coating thickness on the proposed criteria and the ballooning behavior of the coated cladding was predicted to be insignificant. The proposed criteria are beneficial for better understanding of the coated clad burst phenomena and the best estimation of coated clad performance under LOCA scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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18. Downregulation of SHMT2 promotes the prostate cancer proliferation and metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Chen, Lei, Liu, Hailong, Ji, Yiyi, Ma, Zehua, Shen, Kai, Shangguan, Xun, Qian, Hongyang, Zhao, Yu, Pan, Chun-Wu, and Xue, Wei
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EPITHELIAL-mesenchymal transition , *PROSTATE cancer , *METASTASIS , *CANCER cell migration , *DOWNREGULATION - Abstract
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2) is a key enzyme that regulates serine/glycine transition; however, its specific function and molecular mechanisms in tumors remain controversial. In this study, we aimed to enhance the understanding in this regard. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, as well as data analyses using public databases, we investigated the effect of SHMT2 in prostate cancer. Our results indicated that SHMT2 acts as a prostate cancer tumor proliferation suppressor and negatively regulates the aggressive behavior of prostate cancer through activation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Additionally, downregulated SHMT2 expression was observed in more advanced prostate cancer phenotypes, and further analysis showed that its depletion promoted proliferation and migration in prostate cancer cell lines. Taken together, our results revealed the function of SHMT2 in prostate cancer and may potentially play a role in the exploration of new therapeutic strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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19. A Prospective Randomized Trial of Neoadjuvant Chemohormonal Therapy vs Hormonal Therapy in Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer Treated by Radical Prostatectomy.
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Qian H, Chi C, Tricard T, Zhu Y, Dong L, Wang Y, Sha J, Wang J, Ma Z, Wang Y, Liu J, Dong B, Pan J, and Xue W
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- Male, Humans, Docetaxel, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Androgen Antagonists therapeutic use, Prospective Studies, Androgens, Neoplasm, Residual surgery, Prostatectomy, Prostate-Specific Antigen, Prostatic Neoplasms drug therapy, Prostatic Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
Purpose: Benefits of docetaxel-based neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy (NCHT) before radical prostatectomy (RP) remain largely unknown. We explored whether docetaxel-based NCHT would bring pathological benefits and improve biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS) over neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) in locally advanced prostate cancer., Materials and Methods: A randomized trial was designed recruiting 141 locally advanced, high-risk prostate cancer patients who were randomly assigned at the ratio of 2:1 to the NCHT group (75 mg/m
2 body surface area every 3 weeks plus androgen deprivation therapy for 6 cycles) and the NHT group (androgen deprivation therapy for 24 weeks). The primary end point was 3-year bPFS. Secondary end points were pathological response including pathological downstaging and minimal residual disease rates., Results: The NCHT group showed significant benefits in 3-year bPFS compared to the NHT group (29% vs 9.5%, P = .002). At a median follow-up of 53 months, the NCHT group achieved a significantly longer median bPFS time than the NHT group (17 months vs 14 months). No significant differences were found between the 2 groups in pathological downstaging and minimal residual disease rates., Conclusions: NCHT plus RP achieved significant bPFS benefits when compared with NHT plus RP in high-risk, locally advanced prostate cancer. A larger cohort with longer follow-up duration is essential in further investigation.- Published
- 2024
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20. Reply by Authors.
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Qian H, Chi C, Tricard T, Zhu Y, Dong L, Wang Y, Sha J, Wang J, Ma Z, Wang Y, Liu J, Dong B, Pan J, and Xue W
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- 2024
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21. Urinary extracellular vesicle-derived miR-126-3p predicts lymph node invasion in patients with high-risk prostate cancer.
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Dong L, Hu C, Ma Z, Huang Y, Shelley G, Kuczler MD, Kim CJ, Witwer KW, Keller ET, Amend SR, Xue W, and Pienta KJ
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To investigate extracellular vesicles (EVs) biomarkers for predicting lymph node invasion (LNI) in patients with high-risk prostate cancer (HRPCa), plasma and/or urine samples were prospectively collected from 45 patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and five with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Small RNA sequencing was performed to identify miRNAs in the EVs. All patients with PCa underwent radical prostatectomy and extended pelvic lymph node dissection. Differentially-expressed miRNAs were identified in patients with and without pathologically-verified LNI. The candidate miRNAs were validated in low-risk prostate cancer (LRPCa) and BPH. Four miRNA species (e.g. miR-126-3p) and three miRNA species (e.g. miR-27a-3p) were more abundant in urinary and plasma EVs, respectively, of patients with PCa. None of these miRNA species were shared between urinary and plasma EVs. miR-126-3p was significantly more abundant in patients with HR PCa with LNI than in those without (P = 0.018). miR-126-3p was significantly more abundant in the urinary EVs of patients with HRPCa than in those with LRPCa (P = 0.017) and BPH (P = 0.011). In conclusion, urinary EVs-derived miR-126-3p may serve as a good biomarker for predicting LNI in patients with HRPCa., Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. LD is an Associate Editor for Medical Oncology.
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- 2024
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22. A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Levosimendan on Cardiac Function and Outcomes in Patients with Sepsis.
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Ma Z, Jin H, Liu F, Wang S, Huang P, and Fang X
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- Humans, Simendan therapeutic use, Dobutamine pharmacology, Dobutamine therapeutic use, Stroke Volume, Hydrazones pharmacology, Ventricular Function, Left, Shock, Septic, Pyridazines pharmacology, Sepsis drug therapy
- Abstract
Objective: To systematically evaluate the effect of levosimendan on cardiac function and outcomes in patients with sepsis., Method: We searched multiple databases including CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data, WOS, PubMed, EMbase, and The Cochrane Library up to February 2023. We targeted RCTs comparing levosimendan with dobutamine as a control for treating sepsis. After a rigorous screening and quality evaluation, 18 studies were selected for meta-analysis using Review Manager 5.4., Results: Out of 18 studies involving 980 sepsis patients, the meta-analysis revealed the following for the levosimendan group compared to dobutamine: (1) A significant reduction in mortality rate (OR = 0.63, 95% CI (0.42,0.95), P = .03). (2) Shortened ICU stay (MD = -2.55, 95% CI (-3.12, -1.98), P < .00001). (3) Increased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (MD = 6.05, 95%CI (5.28, 6.81), P < .00001) and cardiac index (CI) (MD = 0.47, 95%CI (0.35, 0.59), P < .00001). (4) Decreased blood lactate (Lac) (MD = -1.31, 95%CI (-1.73, -0.90), P < .00001) and troponin I (TnI) levels (MD = -0.43, 95%CI (-0.66, -0.21), P = .0002). (5) Reduced incidence of adverse events (OR = 0.43, 95% CI (0.23,0.81), P = .008)., Conclusions: Compared to dobutamine, levosimendan substantially enhances cardiac function in sepsis patients, leading to improved outcomes and fewer adverse events.
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- 2023
23. Identification of cancer-associated fibroblasts subtypes in prostate cancer.
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Pan J, Ma Z, Liu B, Qian H, Shao X, Liu J, Wang Q, and Xue W
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- Male, Humans, RNA metabolism, Tumor Microenvironment, Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts metabolism, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant genetics, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant metabolism, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant pathology
- Abstract
Introduction: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the most abundant cell types in tumor microenvironment. However, the phenotypic and functional heterogeneities among CAFs have not been sufficiently investigated in prostate cancer., Methods: We obtained and analyzed the single-cell RNA-sequencing data from 26 hormone-sensitive prostate cancer samples and 8 castration-resistant prostate cancer samples, along with the analysis of bulk-sequencing datasets. Furthermore, we performed multicolor immunofluorescence staining to verify the findings from the data analysis., Results: We identified two major CAFs subtypes with distinct molecular characteristics and biological functions in prostate cancer microenvironment, namely αSMA+ CAV1+ CAFs-C0 and FN1+ FAP+ CAFs-C1. Another single-cell RNA-sequencing dataset containing 7 bone metastatic prostate cancer samples demonstrated that osteoblasts in the bone metastatic lesions comprised two subtypes with molecular characteristics and biological functions similar to CAFs-C0 and CAFs-C1 in the primary tumor sites. In addition, we discovered a transcriptional factor regulatory network depending on CAFs-C1. CAFs-C1, but not CAFs-C0, was associated with castration resistance and poor prognosis. We also found that CAFs-C1 signature was involved in treatment resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors., Discussion: In summary, our results identified the presence of heterogeneous CAFs subtypes in prostate cancer microenvironment and the potential of specific CAFs subtype as therapeutic target for castration-resistant prostate cancer., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Pan, Ma, Liu, Qian, Shao, Liu, Wang and Xue.)
- Published
- 2023
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24. High-throughput drug screening identifies fluoxetine as a potential therapeutic agent for neuroendocrine prostate cancer.
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Chen L, Ji Y, Li A, Liu B, Shen K, Su R, Ma Z, Zhang W, Wang Q, Zhu Y, and Xue W
- Abstract
Introduction: Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive subtype of prostate cancer with poor prognosis and resistance to hormone therapy, which has limited therapeutic approaches. Therefore, this study aimed to identify a novel treatment for NEPC and provide evidence of its inhibitory effects., Methods: We performed a high-throughput drug screening and identified fluoxetine, originally an FDA-approved antidepressant, as candidate therapeutic agent for NEPC. We carried out both in vitro and in vivo experiments to demonstrate the inhibitory effects of fluoxetine on NEPC models and its mechanism in detail., Results: Our results demonstrated that fluoxetine effectively curbed the neuroendocrine differentiation and inhibited cell viability by targeting the AKT pathway. Preclinical test in NEPC mice model (PBCre4: Ptenf/f; Trp53f/f; Rb1f/f) showed that fluoxetine effectively prolonged the overall survival and reduced the risk of tumor distant metastases., Discussion: This work repurposed fluoxetine for antitumor application, and supported its clinical development for NEPC therapy, which may provide a promising therapeutic strategy., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Chen, Ji, Li, Liu, Shen, Su, Ma, Zhang, Wang, Zhu and Xue.)
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- 2023
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25. Squalene Epoxidase Metabolic Dependency Is a Targetable Vulnerability in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.
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Shangguan X, Ma Z, Yu M, Ding J, Xue W, and Qi J
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- Cell Line, Tumor, Cholesterol, Humans, Male, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases metabolism, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 genetics, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant drug therapy, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant genetics, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant metabolism, Squalene Monooxygenase genetics, Squalene Monooxygenase metabolism
- Abstract
Considering the dismal prognosis of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), it is critical to identify novel therapeutic targets in this disease. Malignant cells have metabolic dependencies distinct from their healthy counterparts, resulting in therapeutic vulnerabilities. Although PTEN and TP53 are the most frequently comutated or codeleted driver genes in lethal CRPC, the metabolic dependencies underlying PTEN/p53 deficiency-driven CRPC for therapeutic intervention remain largely elusive. In this study, PTEN/p53 deficient tumors were determined to be reliant on cholesterol metabolism. Moreover, PTEN/p53 deficiency transcriptionally upregulated squalene epoxidase (SQLE) via activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2). In addition, PTEN deficiency enhanced the protein stability of SQLE by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β-mediated proteasomal pathway. Consequently, SQLE increased cholesterol biosynthesis to facilitate tumor cell growth and survival. Pharmacologic blockade of SQLE with FR194738 profoundly suppressed the invasive program of CRPC. Collectively, these results demonstrate a synergistic relationship between SQLE and PTEN/p53 deficiency in CRPC development and progression. Therefore, pharmacologic interventions targeting SQLE may hold promise for the treatment of patients with CRPC., Significance: This study reveals PTEN and p53 deficiency confers a dependence on SQLE-mediated cholesterol metabolism, providing insights for new therapeutic strategies for treating castration-resistant prostate cancer., (©2022 American Association for Cancer Research.)
- Published
- 2022
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26. Comprehensive analysis of androgen receptor status in prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation.
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Su R, Chen L, Jiang Z, Yu M, Zhang W, Ma Z, Ji Y, Shen K, Xin Z, Qi J, Xue W, and Wang Q
- Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) signaling is a key contributor to tumorigenesis and the progression of prostate cancer. A subset of patients may develop neuroendocrine (NE) features, resulting in resistance to androgen deprivation therapy and poor prognosis. In this study, we combined immunostaining and bulk and single-cell transcriptome analyses to better characterize the status of AR in prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation. The exploration of online datasets indicated the existence of AR
HIGH /NEHIGH prostate cancer and revealed that these double-high cases are majorly present in castration-resistant prostate cancer with a less neuroendocrine-transdifferentiated state. We then reviewed 8,194 prostate cancer cases with available immunohistochemistry reports and found 2.3% cases ( n = 189) that showed at least one of the NE markers (chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and neural cell adhesion molecule 1) being positive in at least 5% of epithelial cells. Within these 189 cases, we observed that 81.0% cases ( n = 153) showed AR positive and 19.0% ( n = 36) showed AR negative. Patients with AR loss tumors demonstrated a correlation with adverse clinical stages, indicating a trade-off between AR and advanced disease in neuroendocrine differentiation. Using multiplex immunofluorescence staining, we observed the co-localization of AR and NE markers in prostate cancer cells. In addition, data mining of single-cell transcriptome further confirmed the existence of ARHIGH /NEHIGH prostate cancer cells in castration-resistant samples and suggested that AR still exerts its androgen response and anti-apoptotic effect in these double-high cells. Thus, our study provides a better understanding of AR signaling in the cellular plasticity of prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation and allows new insights into the therapeutic development., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Su, Chen, Jiang, Yu, Zhang, Ma, Ji, Shen, Xin, Qi, Xue and Wang.)- Published
- 2022
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27. Docetaxel remodels prostate cancer immune microenvironment and enhances checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy.
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Ma Z, Zhang W, Dong B, Xin Z, Ji Y, Su R, Shen K, Pan J, Wang Q, and Xue W
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- Animals, Cell Line, Tumor, Disease Models, Animal, Docetaxel therapeutic use, Humans, Immunologic Factors, Male, Mice, Nucleotidyltransferases, Retrospective Studies, Tumor Microenvironment, Immunotherapy methods, Prostatic Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is usually considered as immune "cold" tumor with poor immunogenic response and low density of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, highlighting the need to explore clinically actionable strategies to sensitize prostate cancer to immunotherapy. In this study, we investigated whether docetaxel-based chemohormonal therapy induces immunologic changes and potentiates checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in prostate cancer. Methods: We performed transcriptome and histopathology analysis to characterize the changes of prostate cancer immune microenvironment before and after docetaxel-based chemohormonal therapy. Furthermore, we investigated the therapeutic benefits and underlying mechanisms of chemohormonal therapy combined with anti-PD1 blockade using cellular experiments and xenograft prostate cancer models. Finally, we performed a retrospective cohort analysis to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of anti-PD1 blockade alone or in combination with docetaxel-based chemotherapy. Results: Histopathology assessments on patient samples confirmed the enrichment of tumor-infiltrating T cells after chemohormonal therapy. Moreover, we found that docetaxel activated the cGAS/STING pathway in prostate cancer, subsequently induced IFN signaling, resulting in lymphocytes infiltration. In a xenograft mouse model, docetaxel-based chemohormonal therapy prompted the intratumoral infiltration of T cells and upregulated the abundance of PD1 and PD-L1, thereby sensitizing mouse tumors to the anti-PD1 blockade. To determine the clinical significance of these results, we retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 30 metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients and found that docetaxel combined with anti-PD1 blockade resulted in better prostate-specific antigen progression-free survival when compared with anti-PD1 blockade alone. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that docetaxel activates the antitumoral immune response and facilitates T cell infiltration in a cGAS/STING-dependent manner, providing a combination immunotherapy strategy that would improve the clinical benefits of immunotherapy., Competing Interests: Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists., (© The author(s).)
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- 2022
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28. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of Pretreated Plasma Samples Predicts Disease Recurrence in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radical Cystectomy.
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Qian H, Wang Y, Ma Z, Qian L, Shao X, Jin D, Cao M, Liu S, Chen H, Pan J, and Xue W
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- Humans, Muscles pathology, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Spectrum Analysis, Raman methods, Cystectomy methods, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms diagnosis, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms drug therapy, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
Objective: To explore the value of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of pretreated plasma samples in prediction of bladder cancer (BCa) recurrence after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and radical cystectomy (RC)., Patients and Methods: SERS was used to analyze plasma samples collected before biopsy and treatment in BCa patients undergoing NAC and RC. The value of clinicopathological parameters and distinctive SERS peaks in the prediction of disease recurrence were analyzed in Cox regression proportional hazard analysis and Log rank test. Principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) were employed to process spectral data and construct diagnostic algorithms., Results: A total of 88 patients with 440 plasma SERS spectra were collected. The SRES spectra from recurrent patients were compared with patients who remained recurrence free. The SERS demonstrated higher levels of circulating free nucleic acid components in recurrent population, which is represented by significantly higher intensities at SERS peaks of 725 cm
-1 , 1328 cm-1 and 1455 cm-1 . The SERS also detected significantly lower levels of tryptophan shown as lower significantly intensities at the 1558 cm-1 , which is proved to be an independent predictor of BCa recurrence. The addition of SERS peaks of 1558 cm-1 to classic clinicopathological predictors including pathological tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and pathological downstaging can significantly enhance the power of the predictive model from 0.66 to 0.76 in the area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Meanwhile, the PCA-LDA diagnostic model based on SERS spectra reveals a high accuracy of 85.2% in prediction of disease recurrence and the AUC of 0.92 in the ROC curve. When validated in the leave-one-out cross-validation method, the accuracy of the model remained 84.1%., Conclusion: We show that SERS analysis of plasma before NAC treatment can accurately classify patients with different risks of disease recurrence after surgery and improve the power of clinicopathological predictive models, thus refining clinical decision-making., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists in this work., (© 2022 Qian et al.)- Published
- 2022
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