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Objective: To solve the problems of poor accuracy and low sorting efficiency of the existing string fruits in robot sorting. Methods: Based on the structure of the high-speed parallel food sorting system, the improved SURF algorithm and the improved RANSAC algorithm were combined to locate the grab points of the food sorting robot, and a three-dimensional grab model was established to realize the automatic and stable grab of string fruits. Taking grapes as an example, the superiority and accuracy of the proposed method were verified by experiments. Results: Compared with the conventional method, the proposed method improved the average capture success rate by about 15.00% and the average capture time by 0.101 s. Conclusion: The food sorting robot can effectively improve the accuracy of the positioning of the holding points of string fruits, and has a high success rate.

Although deep learning models show powerful performance, they are still easily deceived by adversarial samples. Some methods for generating adversarial samples have the drawback of high time loss, which is problematic for adversarial training, and the existing adversarial training methods are difficult to adapt to the dynamic nature of the model, so it is still challenging to study an efficient adversarial training method. In this paper, we propose an adversarial training method, the core of which is the improved adversarial sample generation method AGFAT for adversarial training and the improved dynamic adversarial training method AGFAT-DAT. AGFAT uses a word frequency-based approach to identify significant words, filter replacement candidates, and use an efficient semantic constraint module as a means to reduce the time of adversarial sample generation; AGFAT-DAT is a dynamic adversarial training approach that uses a cyclic attack on the model after adversarial training and generates adversarial samples for adversarial training again. It is demonstrated that the proposed method can significantly reduce the generation time of adversarial samples, and the adversarial-trained model can also effectively defend against other types of word-level adversarial attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The FGF/FGFR signaling axis deregulation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family is closely related to tumorigenesis, tumor progression and drug resistance to anticancer therapy. And fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) is one member of this family. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of siRNA-induced knockdown of FGFR3 on the biological behaviors of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). The expression levels of FGFR3 were determined in three intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell lines RBE, HUCCT1 and HCCC9810 cell lines by Western blot. FGFR3 expression in RBE cell line was knocked down by siRNA. Our study found that knockdown of FGFR3 inhibited the migration, invasion and proliferation of ICC cells using Wound healing assay, Transwell migration and invasion assays and Cell proliferation assay. And significantly down-regulated the protein expression levels of MMP2, cyclinD1, and N Cadherin, but had no significant effect on MMP9, cyclinD3, vimentin, E-cadherin protein. In addition, we found that ERK/c-Myc presumably is its signaling pathway by bioinformatics analysis and Western blot verification. To sum up, knockdown of FGFR3 inhibited the migration, invasion and proliferation of ICC cells. It demonstrated that FGFR3 probably becomes a therapeutic target for ICC and increases the proportion of potentially curable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients treated with FGFR inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gallstones are common lesions that often require surgical intervention. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for symptomatic gallstones. Preoperatively, the anatomical morphology of the cystic duct (CD), needs to be accurately recognized, especially when anatomical variations occur in the CD, which is otherwise prone to bile duct injury. However, at present, there is no optimal classification system for CD morphology applicable in clinical practice, and the relationship between anatomical variations in CDs and gallstones remains to be explored., Aim: To create a more comprehensive clinically applicable classification of the morphology of CD and to explore the correlations between anatomic variants of CD and gallstones., Methods: A total of 300 patients were retrospectively enrolled from October 2021 to January 2022. The patients were divided into two groups: The gallstone group and the nongallstone group. Relevant clinical data and anatomical data of the CD based on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) were collected and analyzed to propose a morphological classification system of the CD and to explore its relationship with gallstones. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression analyses to identify the independent risk factors using variables that were significant in the univariate analysis., Results: Of the 300 patients enrolled in this study, 200 (66.7%) had gallstones. The mean age was 48.10 ± 13.30 years, 142 (47.3%) were male, and 158 (52.7%) were female. A total of 55.7% of the patients had a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m 2 . Based on the MRCP, the CD anatomical typology is divided into four types: Type I: Linear, type II: n-shaped, type III: S-shaped, and type IV: W-shaped. Univariate analysis revealed differences between the gallstone and nongallstone groups in relation to sex, BMI, cholesterol, triglycerides, morphology of CD, site of CD insertion into the extrahepatic bile duct, length of CD, and angle between the common hepatic duct and CD. According to the multivariate analysis, female, BMI (≥ 24 kg/m 2 ), and CD morphology [n-shaped: Odds ratio (OR) = 10.97, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 5.22-23.07, P < 0.001; S-shaped: OR = 4.43, 95%CI: 1.64-11.95, P = 0.003; W-shaped: OR = 7.74, 95%CI: 1.88-31.78, P = 0.005] were significantly associated with gallstones., Conclusion: The present study details the morphological variation in the CD and confirms that CD tortuosity is an independent risk factor for gallstones., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)