27 results on '"Daraz, Amil"'
Search Results
2. Independently controlled multifrequency rejection bands in a broadband filter design using shorted T-shaped stub loaded resonator with central square ring
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Zhang, Guoqiang, Basit, Abdul, Daraz, Amil, Zubir, Farid, saqib, Najmus, Khan, Muhammad Irshad, AlQahtani, Salman A., and Alamri, Atif M.
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- 2024
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3. Frequency regulation of interconnected hybrid power system with Assimilation of electrical vehicles
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Daraz, Amil, Khan, Irfan Ahmed, Basit, Abdul, Malik, Suheel Abdullah, AlQahtani, Salman A., and Zhang, Guoqiang
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- 2024
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4. Optimized cascaded controller for frequency stabilization of marine microgrid system
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Daraz, Amil
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- 2023
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5. Electromagnetic coupling suppression of eight-ports MIMO antenna for satellite communication with neutralize block and parasitic elements
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Khan, Muhammad Irshad, Liu, Shaobin, Mao, Jianliang, Basit, Abdul, Ahmed, Afzal, and Daraz, Amil
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- 2023
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6. Reliable community card system for detecting and isolating selfish vehicles in smart and connected communities‐based VDTN's.
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Rehman, Ghani Ur, Haq, Muhammad Inam Ul, Badshah, Afzal, Zubair, Muhammad, Daraz, Amil, AlQahtani, Salman A., and Alamri, Atif M.
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- 2024
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7. A Novel Approach to Energy Optimization: Efficient Path Selection in Wireless Sensor Networks with Hybrid ANN.
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Qamar, Muhammad Salman, ulHaq, Ihsan, Daraz, Amil, Alamri, Atif M., AlQahtani, Salman A., and FahadMunir, Muhammad
- Abstract
In pursuit of enhancing the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) energy efficiency and operational lifespan, this paper delves into the domain of energy-efficient routing protocols. InWSNs, the limited energy resources of Sensor Nodes (SNs) are a big challenge for ensuring their efficient and reliable operation.WSN data gathering involves the utilization of a mobile sink (MS) to mitigate the energy consumption problem through periodic network traversal. The mobile sink (MS) strategy minimizes energy consumption and latency by visiting the fewest nodes or predetermined locations called rendezvous points (RPs) instead of all cluster heads (CHs). CHs subsequently transmit packets to neighboring RPs. The unique determination of this study is the shortest path to reach RPs. As the mobile sink (MS) concept has emerged as a promising solution to the energy consumption problem in WSNs, caused by multi-hop data collection with static sinks. In this study, we proposed two novel hybrid algorithms, namely" Reduced k-means based on Artificial Neural Network "(RkM-ANN) and "Delay Bound Reduced kmeans with ANN" (DBRkM-ANN) for designing a fast, efficient, and most proficient MS path depending upon rendezvous points (RPs). The first algorithm optimizes the MS's latency, while the second considers the designing of delay-bound paths, also defined as the number of paths with delay over bound for the MS. Both methods use a weight function and k-means clustering to choose RPs in a way that maximizes efficiency and guarantees network-wide coverage. In addition, a method of using MS scheduling for efficient data collection is provided. Extensive simulations and comparisons to several existing algorithms have shown the effectiveness of the suggested methodologies over a wide range of performance indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Load frequency stabilization of distinct hybrid conventional and renewable power systems incorporated with electrical vehicles and capacitive energy storage.
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Daraz, Amil, Alrajhi, Hasan, Basit, Abdul, Afzal, Abdul Rahman, Alahmadi, Ahmed N. M., and Khan, Irfan Ahmed
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Maintaining a power balance between generation and demand is generally acknowledged as being essential to maintaining a system frequency within reasonable bounds. This is especially important for linked renewable-based hybrid power systems (HPS), where disruptions are more likely to occur. This paper suggests a prominent modified “Fractional order-proportional-integral with double derivative (FOPIDD2) controller” as an innovative HPS controller in order to navigate these obstacles. The recommended control approach has been validated in power systems including wind, reheat thermal, solar, and hydro generating, as well as capacitive energy storage and electric vehicle. The improved controller’s performance is evaluated by comparing it to regular FOPID, PID, and PIDD2 controllers. Furthermore, the gains of the newly structured FOPIDD2 controller are optimized using a newly intended algorithm terms as squid game optimizer (SGO). The controller’s performance is compared to benchmarks such as the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) and jellyfish search optimization. By comparing performance characteristics such as maximum frequency undershoot/overshoot, and steadying time, the SGO-FOPIDD2 controller outperforms the other techniques. The suggested SGO optimized FOPIDD2 controller was analyzed and validated for its ability to withstand the influence of power system parameter uncertainties under various loading scenarios and situations. Without any complicated design, the results show that the new controller can work steadily and regulate frequency with an appropriate controller coefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. Cascaded Fractional-Order Controller-Based Load Frequency Regulation for Diverse Multigeneration Sources Incorporated with Nuclear Power Plant.
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Ye, Yidie, Daraz, Amil, Basit, Abdul, Khan, Irfan Ahmed, and AlQahtani, Salman A.
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GREY Wolf Optimizer algorithm , *BATTERY storage plants , *OPTIMIZATION algorithms , *NUCLEAR power plants , *POWER plants , *NUCLEAR energy , *SEARCH algorithms - Abstract
To sustain a system frequency within acceptable limits, it is widely conceded that retaining a power balance between generation and demand is necessary. In order to regulate the frequency of power systems (PSs) this article proposes a novel cascaded based fractional-order controller termed as fractional-order integer- (FOI-) fractional-order proportional integral with double derivative (FOPIDD2). In addition to redox flow batteries and capacitive energy storage, the recommended control strategy has been validated with gas, thermal reheat, hydro, and nuclear power systems. Additionally, a newly designed algorithm known as squid game optimizer (SGO) optimizes the gains of the new FOI-FOPIDD2 controller. The squid game optimizer technique is inspired by the fundamental principles of a conventional Korean sport. It employs a population of candidate solutions and iteratively adjusts the control parameters to discover the optimal set that reduces frequency abnormalities and improves system stability. A comparison is also made between the controller's performance and benchmarks, including the jellyfish search algorithm, the firefly algorithm, the grey wolf optimizer, and the particle swarm algorithm. The proposed algorithms reduced peak overshoot as compared to grey wolf optimizer algorithm by 35.34%, 46.78%, and 76.89%; jellyfish search optimization algorithm by 34.76%, 77.22%, and 82.56%; and firefly algorithm by 82.67%, 89.23%, and 29.67% for frequency variations in area 1, area 2 and tie line power, respectively. Furthermore, SGO-FOI-FOPIDD2 controllers under different loading circumstances and conditions were evaluated and endorsed for their ability to withstand uncertainties in power system parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. Stabilization and tracking control of underactuated ball and beam system using metaheuristic optimization based TID-F and PIDD2–PI control schemes.
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Zafar, Farhan, Malik, Suheel Abdullah, Ali, Tayyab, Daraz, Amil, Afzal, Abdul Rahman, Bhatti, Farkhunda, and Khan, Irfan Ahmed
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METAHEURISTIC algorithms ,INDUSTRIAL robots ,POINT set theory - Abstract
In this paper, we propose two different control strategies for the position control of the ball of the ball and beam system (BBS). The first control strategy uses the proportional integral derivative-second derivative with a proportional integrator PIDD
2 -PI. The second control strategy uses the tilt integral derivative with filter (TID-F). The designed controllers employ two distinct metaheuristic computation techniques: grey wolf optimization (GWO) and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) for the parameter tuning. We evaluated the dynamic and steady-state performance of the proposed control strategies using four performance indices. In addition, to analyze the robustness of proposed control strategies, a comprehensive comparison has been performed with a variety of controllers, including tilt integral-derivative (TID), fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID), integral–proportional derivative (I-PD), proportional integral-derivative (PI-D), and proportional integral proportional derivative (PI-PD). By comparing different test cases, including the variation in the parameters of the BBS with disturbance, we examine step response, set point tracking, disturbance rejection analysis, and robustness of proposed control strategies. The comprehensive comparison of results shows that WOA-PIDD2 -PI-ISE and GWO-TID-F- ISE perform superior. Moreover, the proposed control strategies yield oscillation-free, stable, and quick response, which confirms the robustness of the proposed control strategies to the disturbance, parameter variation of BBS, and tracking performance. The practical implementation of the proposed controllers can be in the field of under actuated mechanical systems (UMS), robotics and industrial automation. The proposed control strategies are successfully tested in MATLAB simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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11. Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithm Based Cascaded Control Schemes for Nonlinear Ball and Balancer System.
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Zafar, Farhan, Malik, Suheel Abdullah, Ali, Tayyab, Daraz, Amil, M. Alamri, Atif, AlQahtani, Salman A., and Bhatti, Farkhunda
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METAHEURISTIC algorithms ,OPTIMIZATION algorithms ,SEARCH algorithms - Abstract
The ball and balancer system is a popular research platform for studying underactuated mechanical systems and developing control algorithms. It is a well-known two-dimensional balancing problem that has been addressed by a variety of controllers. This research work proposes two controllers that are proportional integral derivative-second derivative-proportional integrator ( PIDD 2 -PI) controller and tilt integral derivative with filter (TID-F) controller in a multivariate, electromechanical, and nonlinear under-actuated ball and balancer system. Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) is an objective function used for designing controllers because of its ability to be more sensitive to overshooting as well as reduced settling time and steady-state error. As part of the analysis, four metaheuristic optimization algorithms are compared in the optimization of proposed control strategies for cascaded control of the ball and balancer system. The algorithms are the Grey Wolf optimization algorithm (GWO), Cuckoo Search algorithm (CSA), Gradient Base Optimization (GBO), and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). The effectiveness of proposed controllers PIDD 2 -PI and TID-F is investigated to be better in terms of transient time response than proportional integral derivative (PID), proportional integral-derivative (PI-D), proportional integral-proportional derivative (PI-PD) and proportional integral derivative-second derivative-proportional derivative ( PIDD 2 -PD). Moreover, these two proposed controllers have also been compared with recently published work. During the analysis, it is shown that the proposed control strategies exhibit significantly greater robustness and dynamic responsiveness compared to other structural controllers. The proposed controller WOA- PIDD 2 -PI reduced the 73.38% settling time and 88.16% rise time compared to classical PID. The other proposed controller GWO-TID-F reduced 58.06% the settling time and 26.96% rise time compared to classical PID. These results show that proposed controllers are particularly distinguished in terms of rise time, settling time, maximum overshoot, and set-point tracking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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12. Deep causal speech enhancement and recognition using efficient long-short term memory Recurrent Neural Network.
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Li, Zhenqing, Basit, Abdul, Daraz, Amil, and Jan, Atif
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RECURRENT neural networks ,ARTIFICIAL neural networks ,INTELLIGIBILITY of speech ,SPEECH enhancement ,CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks ,SPEECH perception ,GENERATIVE adversarial networks ,AUTOMATIC speech recognition - Abstract
Long short-term memory (LSTM) has been effectively used to represent sequential data in recent years. However, LSTM still struggles with capturing the long-term temporal dependencies. In this paper, we propose an hourglass-shaped LSTM that is able to capture long-term temporal correlations by reducing the feature resolutions without data loss. We have used skip connections in non-adjacent layers to avoid gradient decay. In addition, an attention process is incorporated into skip connections to emphasize the essential spectral features and spectral regions. The proposed LSTM model is applied to speech enhancement and recognition applications. The proposed LSTM model uses no future information, resulting in a causal system suitable for real-time processing. The combined spectral feature sets are used to train the LSTM model for improved performance. Using the proposed model, the ideal ratio mask (IRM) is estimated as a training objective. The experimental evaluations using short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) and perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) have demonstrated that the proposed model with robust feature representation obtained higher speech intelligibility and perceptual quality. With the TIMIT, LibriSpeech, and VoiceBank datasets, the proposed model improved STOI by 16.21%, 16.41%, and 18.33% over noisy speech, whereas PESQ is improved by 31.1%, 32.9%, and 32%. In seen and unseen noisy situations, the proposed model outperformed existing deep neural networks (DNNs), including baseline LSTM, feedforward neural network (FDNN), convolutional neural network (CNN), and generative adversarial network (GAN). With the Kaldi toolkit for automated speech recognition (ASR), the proposed model significantly reduced the word error rates (WERs) and reached an average WER of 15.13% in noisy backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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13. Implementation of a Wideband Microwave Filter Design with Dual Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Mitigation for Modern Wireless Communication Systems with Low Insertion Loss and High Selectivity.
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Basit, Abdul, Daraz, Amil, and Zhang, Guoqiang
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BANDPASS filters ,INSERTION loss (Telecommunication) ,WIRELESS communications ,MICROWAVE filters ,ELECTROMAGNETIC interference ,ELECTRIC lines - Abstract
By leveraging the advantages of the uniform transmission line, this manuscript presents a broadband high-selectivity filter range starting from 2.5 GHz to 16.8 GHz, utilizing a simple uniform transmission line structure loaded with three-quarter-wavelength stubs. The proposed UWB filter is studied using the ABCD network parameter method. After that, a shorted T-shaped stub-loaded resonator is coupled with the transmission line of the UWB filter to obtain dual-notch features at 4.4 GHz (for long distance wireless ISPs (WISPs), 4G/5G operator for LTE backhaul) and 7.5 GHz (for X-band downlink communication). The overall footprint is specified as 22.5 mm × 12 mm or 1.12 λ
g × 0.6 λg , where λg represents the wavelength at the central frequency. The operating principle of such a filter is explained, and its controllable broadband response, as well as controllable stopband frequencies, are optimized to show some of the attractive features of the new scheme, such as a super wideband response of about a 148.18% fractional bandwidth; an out-of-band performance up to 25 GHz; five single-resonator transmission poles filtering behaviour at different frequencies, with highly reduced radiation losses greater than 10 dB; a simple topology; a flat group delay; a low insertion loss of 0.4 dB; and high selectivity. Additionally, the filter is fabricated and evaluated, and the results show a good match for experimental validation purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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14. Performance analysis of PID controller and fuzzy logic controller for DC-DC boost converter.
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Daraz, Amil, Basit, Abdul, and Zhang, Guoqiang
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PID controllers , *RENEWABLE energy sources , *FUZZY logic , *DC-to-DC converters , *POWER electronics , *CONVERTERS (Electronics) - Abstract
Demand of Power electronics converter is increased due to the rapid increase of green re-sources. The distributed nature of uncontrolled renewable energy resources are connected with the grid via power electronics converter. DC-DC converters are high-frequency current conversion circuits that use transformers, inductors, and capacitors to smooth switching noise into regulated DC voltages. In this study, a comparative performance analysis of Proportional integral Derivative (PID) and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for DC-DC Boost Converter is presented. PID-based controller for dynamic boosting of DC-DC boost converter was replaced by Fuzzy Inference system (FIS) to study the system behavior. Five different membership functions were performed to observe the response of the system for DC -DC boost converter with FIS controller. The performances of FIS-based controller and PID-based controller for DC-DC boost converter were compared in detail. Also, the proposed techniques for the switching mode of DC-DC converter have been applied. The performance analysis of both PID and fuzzy controller was simulated using MAT LAB. The results of FIS based approach are better than PID based controller in terms of transient responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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15. Design and Modelling of a Compact Triband Passband Filter for GPS, WiMAX, and Satellite Applications with Multiple Transmission Zero's.
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Basit, Abdul, Daraz, Amil, Khan, Muhammad Irshad, Zubir, Farid, A. AlQahtan, Salman, and Zhang, Guoqiang
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TRANSMISSION zeros , *MICROWAVE filters , *IEEE 802.16 (Standard) , *PHYSICAL mobility , *DESIGN , *RESONATORS , *AIR filters , *BANDWIDTHS , *TELECOMMUNICATION satellites - Abstract
Designing microwave filters with high selectivity and sharp roll-off between the stop and pass bands can be challenging due to the complex nature of the R.F. signals and the requirements for achieving high performance in a limited physical space. To achieve a high selectivity and sharp roll-off rate, this paper presents a compact filter with a triple passband response. The two different passbands at 1.57 GHz and 3.5 GHz are achieved using a step impedance resonator (SIR) with metallic slots perturbation added to the lower corner of the high impedance section of the SIRs, which helps to enhance the filter's selectivity and size reduction greatly. The embedded L-shaped structure originates a third passband at 4.23 GHz, resulting in a triband response with eight transmission zeros below and above the passbands at 1.22/1.42/1.98/3.18/3.82/3.98/4.38/4.53 GHz, respectively. The prototype has low signal attenuation of <1.2 dB and high signal reflection of >25 dB for the three passbands. The fractional bandwidths achieved are 2.54%, 4.2%, and 1.65% at 1.57/3.57/4.23 GHz, respectively, with rejection levels in the stopband greater than 15 dB. Lastly, the structure is fabricated on RO-4350B PCB and observed good matching between experimental and measured results. This demonstrates that the prototype can be successfully implemented in real-world applications such as GPS, WiMAX, and Satellite systems. The area occupied by the filter on a substrate or in a circuit is 0.31 λg × 0.24 λg, where λg is the guided wavelength of the material calculated at the lowest frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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16. Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers-Based Constant Modulus Waveform Design for Dual-Function Radar-Communication Systems.
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Saleem, Ahmed, Basit, Abdul, Munir, Muhammad Fahad, Waseem, Athar, Khan, Wasim, Malik, Aqdas Naveed, AlQahtani, Salman A., Daraz, Amil, and Pathak, Pranavkumar
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BIT error rate ,MIMO radar ,COGNITIVE radio ,RADAR - Abstract
In this paper, we design constant modulus waveforms for dual-function radar-communication (DFRC) systems based on a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) configuration of sensors for a far-field scenario. At first, we formulate a non-convex optimization problem subject to waveform synthesis for minimizing the interference power while maintaining a constant modulus constraint. Next, we solve this non-convex problem, iteratively, using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. Importantly, the designed waveforms approximate a desired beampattern in terms of a high-gain radar beam and a slightly high gain communication beam while maintaining a desired low sidelobe level. The designed waveforms ensure an improved detection probability and an improved bit error rate (BER) for radar and communications parts, respectively. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method through simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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17. Hybrid FSK–FDM Scheme for Data Rate Enhancement in Dual-Function Radar and Communication.
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Munir, Muhammad Fahad, Basit, Abdul, Khan, Wasim, Wasim, Athar, Khan, Muhammad Mohsin, Saleem, Ahmed, AlQahtani, Salman A., Daraz, Amil, and Pathak, Pranavkumar
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FREQUENCY shift keying ,FREQUENCY division multiple access ,BIT rate ,AMPLITUDE modulation ,DATA transmission systems - Abstract
In this paper, we present a hybrid frequency shift keying and frequency division multiplexing (i.e., FSK–FDM) approach for information embedding in dual-function radar and communication (DFRC) design to achieve an improved communication data rate. Since most of the existing works focus on merely two-bit transmission in each pulse repetition interval (PRI) using different amplitude modulation (AM)- and phased modulation (PM)-based techniques, this paper proposes a new technique that doubles the data rate by using a hybrid FSK–FDM technique. Note that the AM-based techniques are used when the communication receiver resides in the side lobe region of the radar. In contrast, the PM-based techniques perform better if the communication receiver is in the main lobe region. However, the proposed design facilitates the delivery of information bits to the communication receivers with an improved bit rate (BR) and bit error rate (BER) regardless of their locations in the radar's main lobe or side lobe regions. That is, the proposed scheme enables information encoding according to the transmitted waveforms and frequencies using FSK modulation. Next, the modulated symbols are added together to achieve a double data rate using the FDM technique. Finally, each transmitted composite symbol contains multiple FSK-modulated symbols, resulting in an increased data rate for the communication receiver. Numerous simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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18. Corrigendum to “Independently controlled multifrequency rejection bands in a broadband filter design using shorted T-shaped stub loaded resonator with central square ring” Alexandria Eng. J. 92 (2024)
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Basit, Abdul, Zhang, Guoqiang, Daraz, Amil, Zubir, Farid, saqib, Najmus, Khan, Muhammad Irshad, AlQahtani, Salman A., and Alamri, Atif M.
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- 2024
- Full Text
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19. Driver Training Based Optimized Fractional Order PI-PDF Controller for Frequency Stabilization of Diverse Hybrid Power System.
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Zhang, Guoqiang, Daraz, Amil, Khan, Irfan Ahmed, Basit, Abdul, Khan, Muhammad Irshad, and Ullah, Mirzat
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ELECTRIC power systems , *IMPERIALIST competitive algorithm , *METAHEURISTIC algorithms , *RENEWABLE energy sources , *HYBRID power systems , *STOCHASTIC learning models , *DESIGN techniques - Abstract
This work provides an enhanced novel cascaded controller-based frequency stabilization of a two-region interconnected power system incorporating electric vehicles. The proposed controller combines a cascade structure comprising a fractional-order proportional integrator and a proportional derivative with a filter term to handle the frequency regulation challenges of a hybrid power system integrated with renewable energy sources. Driver training-based optimization, an advanced stochastic meta-heuristic method based on human learning, is employed to optimize the gains of the proposed cascaded controller. The performance of the proposed novel controller was compared to that of other control methods. In addition, the results of driver training-based optimization are compared to those of other recent meta-heuristic algorithms, such as the imperialist competitive algorithm and jellyfish swarm optimization. The suggested controller and design technique have been evaluated and validated under a variety of loading circumstances and scenarios, as well as their resistance to power system parameter uncertainties. The results indicate the new controller's steady operation and frequency regulation capability with an optimal controller coefficient and without the prerequisite for a complex layout procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Multi Frequency Controllable In-Band Suppressions in a Broad Bandwidth Microstrip Filter Design for 5G Wi-Fi and Satellite Communication Systems Utilizing a Quad-Mode Stub-Loaded Resonator.
- Author
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Zhang, Guoqiang, Basit, Abdul, Khan, Muhammad Irshad, Daraz, Amil, Saqib, Najmus, and Zubir, Farid
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BANDPASS filters ,TELECOMMUNICATION satellites ,MICROSTRIP filters ,SIGNAL processing ,WIRELESS communications ,MICROSTRIP transmission lines - Abstract
The key elements used for receiving and processing signals in communication systems are the bandpass filters. Initially, a common operating mechanism was applied for the design of broadband filters, i.e., by cascading low-pass filters or high-pass filters using multiple line resonators with length quarter-half- or full-wavelength with central frequency, but using these approaches, the design topology becomes expensive and complex. The above mechanisms can be possibly overcome using a planar microstrip transmission line structure due to its simple design fabrication procedure and low cost. So, pointing out the above problems in bandpass filters such as low-cost, low insertion loss, and good out-of-band performance, this article presents a broadband filter with multifrequency suppression capability at 4.9 GHz, 8.3 GHz, and 11.5 GHz using a T-shaped shorted stub-loaded resonator with a central square ring coupled to the basic broadband filter. Initially, the C-shaped resonator is utilized for the formation of a stopband at 8.3 GHz for a satellite communication system, and then a shorted square ring resonator is added to the existing C-shaped structure for the realization of two more stopbands at 4.9 GHz and 11.5 GHz for 5G (WLAN 802.11j) communication, respectively. The overall circuit area covered with the proposed filter is 0.52 λg × 0.32 λg (λg is the wavelength of the feed lines at frequency 4.9 GHz). All the loaded stubs are folded in order to save the circuit area, which is an important requirement of next-generation wireless communication systems. The proposed filter has been analyzed using a well-known transmission line theory, even–odd-mode, and simulated with the 3D software HFSS. After the parametric analysis, some attractive features were obtained, i.e., compact structure, simple planar topology, low insertion losses of 0.4 dB over the entire band, good return loss greater than 10 dB, and independently controlled mutli stopbands, which make the proposed design unique and can be used in various wireless communication system applications. Finally, a Rogers RO-4350 substrate is selected for the fabrication of the prototype using an LPKF S63 ProtoLaser machine and then measured using a ZNB20 vector network analyzer for matching the simulated and measured results. After testing the prototype, a good agreement was found between the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Load Frequency Control of Marine Microgrid System Integrated with Renewable Energy Sources.
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Zhang, Guoqiang, Khan, Irfan Ahmed, Daraz, Amil, Basit, Abdul, and Khan, Muhammad Irshad
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RENEWABLE energy sources ,PARTICLE swarm optimization ,BIOLOGICALLY inspired computing ,MICROGRIDS ,OPTIMIZATION algorithms ,ANT algorithms ,MOORING of ships ,CONTAINER terminals - Abstract
In seaports, low-carbon energy systems and energy efficiency have become increasingly important as a result of the evolution of environmental and climate change challenges. In order to ensure the continued success of seaports, technological advancements must be introduced to a number of systems, such as seaport vehicles, harbor cranes, and the power sources of berthed ships. Harbor areas might need a microgrid to handle these aspects. Typically, microgrids that substitute conventional generator units with renewable energy sources (RES) suffer from system inertia problems, which adversely affect microgrid frequency stability. A load frequency controller (LFC) based on a novel modified proportional integral derivative with filter (MPIDF) is presented in this paper for enhancing the performance of marine microgrid system (MMS). The serval optimization algorithm (SOA), a recent bio-inspired optimization algorithm, is used to optimize the MPIDF controller coefficients. This controller is tested on a marine microgrid containing a number of RES such as wind turbine generators, sea wave energy, and solar generation. The efficacy of the proposed MPIDF controller is verified with respect to other controllers such as PIDF and PI. Similarly, the proposed meta-heuristic algorithm is validated as compared to other algorithms including particle swarm optimization (PSO), ant colony optimization (ACO), and jellyfish swarm optimization (JSO). This study also evaluates the robustness of the proposed controller to different perturbations in step load, changes in system parameters, and other parameter variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Load Frequency Control and Automatic Voltage Regulation in Four-Area Interconnected Power Systems Using a Gradient-Based Optimizer.
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Ali, Tayyab, Malik, Suheel Abdullah, Daraz, Amil, Adeel, Muhammad, Aslam, Sheraz, and Herodotou, Herodotos
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AUTOMATIC frequency control ,SOLAR thermal energy ,INTERCONNECTED power systems ,VOLTAGE control ,METAHEURISTIC algorithms ,RENEWABLE energy sources - Abstract
Existing interconnected power systems (IPSs) are being overloaded by the expansion of the industrial and residential sectors together with the incorporation of renewable energy sources, which cause serious fluctuations in frequency, voltage, and tie-line power. The automatic voltage regulation (AVR) and load frequency control (LFC) loops provide high quality power to all consumers with nominal frequency, voltage, and tie-line power deviation, ensuring the stability and security of IPS in these conditions. In this paper, a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is investigated for the effective control of a four-area IPS. Each IPS area has five generating units including gas, thermal reheat, hydro, and two renewable energy sources, namely wind and solar photovoltaic plants. The PID controller was tuned by a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm known as a gradient-based optimizer (GBO). The integral of time multiplied by squared value of error (ITSE) was utilized as an error criterion for the evaluation of the fitness function. The voltage, frequency, and tie-line power responses of GBO-PID were evaluated and compared with integral–proportional derivative (GBO-I-PD), tilt integral derivative (GBO-TID), and integral–proportional (GBO-I-P) controllers with 5% step load perturbation (SLP) provided in each of the four areas. Comprehensive comparisons between GBO-PID and other control methodologies revealed that the proposed GBO-PID controller provides superior voltage, frequency, and tie-line power responses in each area. The reliability and efficacy of GBO-PID methodology were further validated with variations in the turbine time constant and speed regulation over a range of  ± 25%. It is evident from the outcomes of the sensitivity analysis that the proposed GBO-PID control methodology is very reliable and can successfully stabilize the deviations in terminal voltage, load frequency, and tie-line power with a shorter settling time in a four-area IPS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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23. Design, Modeling, and Implementation of Dual Notched UWB Bandpass Filter Employing Rectangular Stubs and Embedded L-Shaped Structure.
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Basit, Abdul, Daraz, Amil, Khan, Muhammad Irshad, Saqib, Najmus, and Zhang, Guoqiang
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BANDPASS filters , *MICROSTRIP transmission lines , *REFLECTANCE , *RADIO interference , *RESONATORS - Abstract
Targeting the range defined by the FCC (Federal Communication Commission) in 2002 for ultra-passband bandpass filters, i.e., 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, this article presents a simple compact multipoles ultra-wideband bandpass filter (range starting from 2.9 GHz and end at 11.5 GHz with central frequency 7.2 GHz) using parallel coupled microstrip line and multimode resonator with controllable double narrow notched bands at 3.5 GHz and 7.5 GHz by embedded a spur line structure and rectangular stub resonator coupled to the middle section of the multimode resonator to eliminate the interference with the existing radio signals falls in the range of 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, respectively. After optimization of the proposed filter, some attractive features were obtained, i.e., a compact size 21 mm × 5.2 mm, simple topology, good reflection coefficient lower than −18 dB, good passband transmission coefficient –1.1 dB over the entire fractional bandwidth of about 119.4%, and four transmission poles at 3.4 GHz, 4.6 GHz, 6.5 GHz, and 10 GHz, respectively, can be seen which improves the performance of the filter. Finally, the fabricated filter was tested, and the results obtained demonstrated an excellent agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Modified FOPID Controller for Frequency Regulation of a Hybrid Interconnected System of Conventional and Renewable Energy Sources.
- Author
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Daraz, Amil, Malik, Suheel Abdullah, Basit, Abdul, Aslam, Sheraz, and Zhang, Guoqiang
- Subjects
- *
HYBRID systems , *RENEWABLE energy sources , *INTERCONNECTED power systems , *BIOLOGICALLY inspired computing , *HYBRID power systems , *DYNAMICAL systems , *JELLYFISHES - Abstract
In this article, a fractional-order proportional-integral-differential (FOPID) controller and its modified structure, called a MFOPID controller, are presented. To guarantee optimal system performance, the gains of the proposed FOPID and MFOPID controllers are well-tuned, employing the Jellyfish Search Optimizer (JSO), a novel and highly effective bioinspired metaheuristic approach. The proposed controllers are assessed in a hybrid system with two domains, where each domain contains a hybrid of conventional (gas, reheat, and hydro) and renewable generation sources (solar and wind). For a more realistic analysis, the presented system model includes practical limitations with nonlinear characteristics, such as governor dead zone/band (GDZ/GDB), boiler dynamics, generation rate limitation/constraint (GRL/GRC), system uncertainties, communication time delay (CTD), and load changes. The suggested methodology outperforms some newly developed heuristic techniques, including fitness-dependent optimizer (FDO), sine-cosine algorithm (SCA), and firefly algorithm (FA), for the interconnected power system (PS) of two regions with multiple generating units. Furthermore, the proposed MFOPID controller is compared with JSO-tuned PID/FOPID and PI controllers to ascertain its superiority. The results signify that the presented control method and its parametric optimization significantly outperforms the other control strategies with respect to minimum undershoot and peak overshoot, settling times, and ITSE in the system's dynamic response. The sensitivity analysis outcomes imply that the proposed JSO-MFOPID control method is very reliable and can effectively stabilize the load frequency and interconnection line in a multi-area network with interconnected PS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Dandelion Optimizer-Based Combined Automatic Voltage Regulation and Load Frequency Control in a Multi-Area, Multi-Source Interconnected Power System with Nonlinearities.
- Author
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Ali, Tayyab, Malik, Suheel Abdullah, Daraz, Amil, Aslam, Sheraz, and Alkhalifah, Tamim
- Subjects
INTERCONNECTED power systems ,PARTICLE swarm optimization ,VOLTAGE regulators ,FUZZY algorithms ,FUZZY neural networks - Abstract
Frequency, voltage, and power flow between different control zones in an interconnected power system are used to determine the standard quality of power. Therefore, the voltage and frequency control in an IPS is of vital importance to maintaining real and reactive power balance under varying load conditions. In this paper, a dandelion optimizer (DO)-based proportional-integral-proportional-derivative (PI-PD) controller is investigated for a realistic multi-area, multi-source, realistic IPS with nonlinearities. The output responses of the DO-based PI-PD were compared with the hybrid approach using artificial electric field-based fuzzy PID algorithm (HAEFA), Archimedes optimization algorithm (AOA)-based PI-PD, learning performance-based behavior optimization (LPBO)-based PI-PD and modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO)-based PI-PD control schemes in a two-area network with 10% step load perturbation (SLP). The proposed strategy was also investigated in a two- and three-area IPS in the presence of different nonlinearities and SLPs. The simulation results and the comprehensive comparison between the different control schemes clearly confirm that the proposed DO-based PI-PD is very effective for realistic, multi-area multi-source IPS with nonlinearities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Load Frequency Control and Automatic Voltage Regulation in a Multi-Area Interconnected Power System Using Nature-Inspired Computation-Based Control Methodology.
- Author
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Ali, Tayyab, Malik, Suheel Abdullah, Hameed, Ibrahim A., Daraz, Amil, Mujlid, Hana, and Azar, Ahmad Taher
- Abstract
The stability control of nominal frequency and terminal voltage in an interconnected power system (IPS) is always a challenging task for researchers. The load variation or any disturbance affects the active and reactive power demands, which badly influence the normal working of IPS. In order to maintain frequency and terminal voltage at rated values, controllers are installed at generating stations to keep these parameters within the prescribed limits by varying the active and reactive power demands. This is accomplished by load frequency control (LFC) and automatic voltage regulator (AVR) loops, which are coupled to each other. Due to the complexity of the combined AVR-LFC model, the simultaneous control of frequency and terminal voltage in an IPS requires an intelligent control strategy. The performance of IPS solely depends upon the working of the controllers. This work presents the exploration of control methodology based on a proportional integral–proportional derivative (PI-PD) controller with combined LFC-AVR in a multi-area IPS. The PI-PD controller was tuned with recently developed nature-inspired computation algorithms including the Archimedes optimization algorithm (AOA), learner performance-based behavior optimization (LPBO), and modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO). In the earlier part of this work, the proposed methodology was applied to a two-area IPS, and the output responses of LPBO-PI-PD, AOA-PI-PD, and MPSO-PI-PD control schemes were compared with an existing nonlinear threshold-accepting algorithm-based PID (NLTA-PID) controller. After achieving satisfactory results in the two-area IPS, the proposed scheme was examined in a three-area IPS with combined AVR and LFC. Finally, the reliability and efficacy of the proposed methodology was investigated on a three-area IPS with LFC-AVR with variations in the system parameters over a range of  ± 50%. The simulation results and a comprehensive comparison between the controllers clearly demonstrates that the proposed control schemes including LPBO-PI-PD, AOA-PI-PD, and MPSO-PI-PD are very reliable, and they can effectively stabilize the frequency and terminal voltage in a multi-area IPS with combined LFC and AVR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Stabilization and tracking control of underactuated ball and beam system using metaheuristic optimization based TID-F and PIDD2-PI control schemes.
- Author
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Zafar F, Malik SA, Ali T, Daraz A, Afzal AR, Bhatti F, and Khan IA
- Subjects
- Computer Simulation, Industry, Algorithms, Robotics
- Abstract
In this paper, we propose two different control strategies for the position control of the ball of the ball and beam system (BBS). The first control strategy uses the proportional integral derivative-second derivative with a proportional integrator PIDD2-PI. The second control strategy uses the tilt integral derivative with filter (TID-F). The designed controllers employ two distinct metaheuristic computation techniques: grey wolf optimization (GWO) and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) for the parameter tuning. We evaluated the dynamic and steady-state performance of the proposed control strategies using four performance indices. In addition, to analyze the robustness of proposed control strategies, a comprehensive comparison has been performed with a variety of controllers, including tilt integral-derivative (TID), fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID), integral-proportional derivative (I-PD), proportional integral-derivative (PI-D), and proportional integral proportional derivative (PI-PD). By comparing different test cases, including the variation in the parameters of the BBS with disturbance, we examine step response, set point tracking, disturbance rejection analysis, and robustness of proposed control strategies. The comprehensive comparison of results shows that WOA-PIDD2-PI-ISE and GWO-TID-F- ISE perform superior. Moreover, the proposed control strategies yield oscillation-free, stable, and quick response, which confirms the robustness of the proposed control strategies to the disturbance, parameter variation of BBS, and tracking performance. The practical implementation of the proposed controllers can be in the field of under actuated mechanical systems (UMS), robotics and industrial automation. The proposed control strategies are successfully tested in MATLAB simulation., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist, (Copyright: © 2024 Zafar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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