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In 2019, the Gansu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and other institutions excavated the tomb of Murong Zhi, the King Xi of Tuyuhun, located at Chashan Village, Qilian Town, Tianzhu County. A comprehensive archaeological survey of the Binggou and Dashui river valleys in Qilian Town in 2020 revealed the existence of 23 Tuyuhun royal tombs across four areas. Three tombs at the Changling-Machangtan area in Qilian Town, excavated in 2021, are identified as a probable section of the Tuyuhun Pengzi clan's family cemetery during the Tang dynasty. Through ongoing archaeological work, three large mausoleum areas have been confirmed in Wuwei's Nanshan district: Yanghui Valley, Great Khan Mausoleum, and Baiyang Mountain. The tomb distribution is characterized by being widely dispersed but mutually connected. Excavations also confirm that Tuyuhun tombs were constructed without aboveground mounds. Additionally, rare Tang artifacts were discovered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Situated southeast of the Chuwangcheng (City of the Chu kings) site, Zhengjiahu cemetery is a significant burial ground occupied throughout the Warring States and Qin-Han periods. Excavation in Area C was conducted in 2021. During the excavation, two noteworthy Qin culture tombs were uncovered—tombs M274 and M234. These tombs yielded a wooden gu-rod with extensive text and painted burial containers. The wooden gu-rod, remarkable in its form and abundant in content, is important for the study of the social history and ideology of the late Warring States period. Additionally, the discovery of painted burial containers bridges a gap in our current understanding of Qin and Han painting media and genres. These artifacts offer indispensable data for researching burial customs and rituals, along with the religious thought of the Qin migrants from Guanzhong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The potential impact of vibration from nearby construction on four ancient stone statues in the Qingdao Museum was studied. Simulated but full-scale drilling, excavation and impact breaking were conducted to gather ground motion data which were used to prepare incremental dynamic time histories. The four stone statues were modeled numerically and the models were used to estimate the statues' maximum tensile stress, maximum strain and maximum shear stress in response to the time histories. The most vulnerable parts of the statue are thus identified, and vibration limits were proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With epidemics blocking offline interactions, it is difficult to organise events such as tours of major heritage sites and outbound exhibitions of cultural relics, and new paths need to be expanded for the presentation of cultural heritage and intercultural education efforts. With the booming development of digital technology, the integration of online virtual presentation and interactive technology and the innovative design of 3D scenes provide new solutions for the intercultural communication of these precious and immovable cultural relics (e.g. archaeological sites), etc. This project is based on the Sino-Greek cooperation around the online presentation of heritage items such as the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of China and the precious collection of the National Archaeological Museum of Greece, in order to present and On the basis of communicating the value of heritage and the connection between Chinese and Greek civilisations, the project explores the development of a virtual space that integrates the Terracotta Warriors and Horses pits, the interactive virtual display of cultural relics, and the display of the achievements of scientific and technological conservation of cultural relics, so as to realise the cross-cultural exchange between China and Greece and fulfil the educational function of heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Pengyang County; Ningxia; Yaoheyuan city site; high-ranking tombs; capital city of the Huo state; Western Zhou period EN Pengyang County Ningxia Yaoheyuan city site high-ranking tombs capital city of the Huo state Western Zhou period 53 64 12 11/16/22 20221101 NES 221101 Postscript The original article , prepared by Qiang Ma , was published in Kaogu (Archaeology) 2021.8:3-22 with 32 illustrations and five notes. Combined with the unearthed artifacts, its age can be dated to the late Western Zhou, which corresponds to the high-ranking burial area in the northeast, confirming that the age of the Yaoheyuan city site extended from the early to the late Western Zhou, which is also consistent with the information obtained from the investigation and excavation. Through the ongoing archaeological excavations in recent years, it is clear that the Yaoheyuan capital city of the state of Huo lasted from the early to the late Western Zhou until the eastward migration of the Zhou people to Luoyi. Yaoheyuan city site, high-ranking tombs, capital city of the Huo state, Pengyang County, Ningxia, Western Zhou period. [Extracted from the article]

Graph: Figure 23 Type A crucible fragment (G7 (1):57). Keywords: Huangpi District; Wuhan; Guoyuanzui site; bronze casting; Shang dynasty EN Huangpi District Wuhan Guoyuanzui site bronze casting Shang dynasty 32 52 21 11/16/22 20221101 NES 221101 Postscript The original article , prepared by Gang Hu , Xiaofeng Cheng , Yuwu Xie , and Shirui Lin , was published in Kaogu (Archaeology) 2021.7:49-77 with 92 illustrations, one table, and eight notes. The soil is unusually hard and compact, with a maximum thickness of 0.35m; the lower layer (Layer 4) is reddish-brown soil, interspersed with scattered Shang dynasty pottery sherds, and occasionally there are red burnt soil granules, pebbles, and smoke traces. Monuments of Huangpi District, Wuhan. [Extracted from the article]

Three-dimensional laser scanning technology can be used to quickly, efficiently, and accurately obtain spatial three-dimensional information of cultural relics without contacting the target during the scanning process. The results of this study showed that the extraction of human bones from the Shenna ruins via the auxiliary application of three-dimensional scanning technology reduced human intervention and destruction on the site compared with the traditional archaeological human bone packaging and extraction work method. When combined with the application of three-dimensional scanning technology, the original data information extracted on the spot were more comprehensive and accurate. Additionally, the technology provided us with important scientific data which can be used to discuss the phylogenetic composition of the ancient Qiang people in the settlement village, as well as a new applications of ideas for three-dimensional laser scanning technology usage in the field extraction of cultural relics. However, a follow-up study is needed to improve the comparisons of its applications, providing a conventional auxiliary means for cultural relic extraction and a technical means for cultural relic protection evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has become widely acknowledged that certain underwater cultural relics, in a state of severe decay, should be salvaged for further protection. Underwater temporary reinforcement materials provide the possibility for such protection. These materials can achieve both the reinforcement of cultural relics underwater, as well as their reversible removal after extraction, without causing damage to the cultural relics in either process. In this context, two kinds of hydrogels based on polyethylene glycol-derived polymers were developed in this study. They are denser than water and can undergo gelatinization by UV-induced or oxidant-induced reactions in the underwater environment. Additionally, they possess enough mechanical strength to provide the necessary support in the bonding process. Both hydrogels have been successfully used to extract fragile underwater archaeological wooden artifacts in situ under laboratory conditions. The experimental results revealed that, in the case of UV-induced hydrogels, the compression strength was 115 kPa with a tensile strength of 20 kPa. For oxidant-induced hydrogels, the compression strength was 382 kPa, while the tensile strength was 8.2 kPa. During the actual extraction processes, the UV-induced hydrogel exhibited a lower water absorption ratio, maintained a more stable mechanical property underwater, and was easier to remove after extraction. On the other hand, the oxidant-induced hydrogel could complete the gelation process quickly through a rather convenient operation; however, it tended to absorb surrounding water and swell, thereby reducing its mechanical property. These two methods would be adapted to different underwater archaeological sites as convenient, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective novel methods for extracting fragile underwater wooden relics. Two kinds of environmental stimulant-responsive hydrogels successfully solidified and extracted fragile archaeological wood underwater. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faced with unseen dangers, the mediaeval man resorted to an arsenal of practices, gestures, rituals, as the church and religious faith were a powerful wall against malevolent forces. To ward off evil, Christians would generally wear sacred objects, such as wafers, relics, crosses, but especially unconventional items with so-called magical powers, such as amulets. Their use was widespread in almost all ancient civilisations and belief in their powers has been known since the beginning of history of humanity. People would attribute prophylactic and apotropaic qualities to them, but the protection granted to the community was also very important, as amulets sheltered it from perils, catastrophes, seen and unseen enemies. In addition to their intrinsic magical significance, these items were often the bearers of a special kind of imaginary and of a set of cultural symbols. The artefact which is the subject of this study falls under this category of amulets and was found in 2020 on the archaeological site of the Princely Court of Târgovițte, in a mediaeval habitation complex dated to the 15th-16th centuries. The amulet, which is small in size, is made from bone and catches the eye through its anthropozoomorphic representation that combines human and lion traits. Such an item, particularly unusual due the deep meaning of representation, challenges the historian to penetrate into and often remain captive inside the tempting and complex maze of symbols and mediaeval imaginary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five series of archaeological excavations were conducted at the Honghe site from 2013–2019. Fieldwork during the 2013–2017 season confirmed that cultural attributes of late Neolithic remains found at Honghe were identical to the Ang'angxi culture as first established by Liang Siyong. Thus, this fieldwork adds further evidence to understanding the cultural implications, attributes, and chronology of Ang'angxi culture. Excavation during the 2018–2019 season subsequently revealed settlement pattern belonging the Ang'angxi culture in the Nenjiang River Basin, demonstrating a mixed sedentary subsistence strategy, including fishing, hunting, and farming, practiced regionally during the late Neolithic. This provides significant materials for understanding the civilizational trajectory of that time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The archaeological excavation conducted in Solniční, Česká, Opletalova and surrounding streets (Město Brno cadastral area, Brno-City District; Fig. 5) yielded important findings on the medieval fortification and the development of the modern-period built-up areas. We obtained new information on the defensive wall and its two towers, Zwinger, ditch, Veselá Gate, its barbican with a ditch and a tower built into the Zwinger (Fig. 6). The relics of the modern-period construction activities were represented by the segments of bastions in the western part of the excavation site, bridges over the fortification ditch and the Zwinger ditch (Fig. 7). The geological survey was also carried out at the site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A personal narrative is presented in which the author describes a sequence of archaeological searches with Bob Jenkins, a collector of G10 relics.