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Simple Summary: As the largest group of organisms, Coleoptera includes more than 200 families worldwide; only 148 families have been recorded in China. Teredidae is a small family within Coccinelloidea, which has a cosmopolitan distribution, but has never been recorded in China. Until now, Teredus Dejean was endemic to Europe and North Africa. Here, we describe Teredus chinensis sp. nov. from central China, representing the first record of Teredidae in China and the first Teredus outside Europe and North Africa. This discovery not only enhances the Coleopteran diversity of China, but also largely extends the distribution of Teredus. Teredus Dejean is a genus of the poorly known family Teredidae, which, historically, includes only two species, restricted to Europe and North Africa. Teredus chinensis sp. nov. is here described, representing the first member of Teredidae found in China, which significantly extends the distribution of Teredus to East Asia. The diagnostic characters and information about the wood boring beetles associated with the new species are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]