Search

The construct of fragility of happiness, which is not a theory-driven construct, refers to the idea that happiness is fleeting and can simply turn into unhappiness. This study investigated for the first time the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Fragility of Happiness Scale (FOHS) among university students, focusing on its internal consistency, factor structure, discriminant validity, convergent validity and predictive validity. Data were collected from two student samples (online sample, n = 228; paper-pencil sample, n = 200). Participants completed measures of fragility of happiness, fear of happiness, externality of happiness and life satisfaction either as online questionnaires or a paper-pencil version of the questionnaires. FOHS demonstrated good internal consistency. Results of exploratory and confirmatory yielded a one-factor model. The results also supported convergent, divergent and predictive validity. These results suggest that the FOHS is a reliable and valid instrument among Turkish university students. It can be used for research purposes and in clinical practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aim to study the the reliability and factorial structure of the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ)administered through two different formats, offline (paper-and-pencil) and online. We also compared clinical, obstetrical, reproductive, and psychopathological variables related to poor mother infant bonding (MIB). A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,269 mothers. The offline group included 812 women who attended a 40-day postpartum clinical appointment. The online group consisted of 457 women recruited during admission for delivery who volunteered to carry out the online protocol 40 days postpartum. All the participants individually completed the PBQ, the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and other clinical and sociodemographic variables. The 4-factor solution proposed in the PBQ and its Spanish validation showed good model fit for both samples. Online participants reported higher levels of stress, depressive symptoms, and poor bonding, specifically on PBQ scores and the Rejection and Anger subscales. No differences were found in both samples regarding the type of statistical associations between PBQ and sociodemographic, reproductive, obstetric and psychological outcomes. Online assessment may be an appropriate option for detecting possible alterations in MIB due to the reduction of desirability bias, the increased perception of anonymity, and being a more cost-effective method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internalized sexual stigma is an important contributor to LGBT mental health disparities. In Thailand, the absence of validated instruments represents a research barrier. The study's purpose was to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Revised Internalized Homophobia (IHP-R) scale. Based on the cross-cultural principle, team translation was applied. The IHP-R was translated by the principal author and reviewed by bilingual Thai nurses, and clarifications were made. Multidisciplinary experts provided back translation and reconciled the finalized Thai version. The psychometric properties were established in 412 Thai LGBT individuals. Data was collected via online and paper-pencil surveys and analyzed using SPSS. Most participants were male, age ranged 18–53, with moderate levels of internalized homophobia (M = 2.3, SD = 1.04). The inter-item and item-total correlations were.38-.63 and.55-.68. The content validity index was high (I-CVI, S-CVI/UA/Ave = 1). The exploratory factor analysis confirmed one construct of internalized sexual self-stigma (factor loading =.702–.816). Scores on IHP-R were correlated with stress and experiences of discrimination (r =.14 and.12). Internal consistency reliability was also high (Cronbach's alpha coefficient =.83). The IHP-R Thai version has high psychometric properties and is appropriate for LGBT research in Thailand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to provide an overview and critique of the newly updated Sensory Processing Measure – second edition (SPM-2) to assist clinicians in understanding its strengths and limitations and in selecting an appropriate sensory processing scale that best meets their clients' needs. Using four established research methodological quality critique tools, the SPM-2's family of age-related versions was evaluated by administering the tools separately and discussed their scoring and findings to reach a consensus on all ratings. The tools identified several strengths and weaknesses of the SPM-2. The SPM-2's items on its age-related versions scored well in the criteria of internal consistency, test-retest reliability, explanation of the instrument design, construct validity, content validity, criterion validity and ease of administration, and scoring. However, a lack of normative data for participant groups outside of the United States, methodological limitations, and a lack of investigation into some important psychometric properties, particularly responsiveness, were identified as notable weaknesses of the SPM-2's items on its age-related versions based on the critique criteria. Overall, despite the areas needing further development and investigation, the SPM-2 is considered a psychometrically sound tool that provides a reliable and valid approach to measuring aspects of the sensory processing construct across the lifespan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity of the Swedish versions of PROMIS-29 and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Dyspnea (FACIT-Dyspnea) instruments in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). In a cross-sectional study, consecutive SSc patients completed a paper-based survey. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Test–retest reliability was tested employing weighted Kappa (Kw) and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct validity was evaluated by hypotheses testing using RAND-36, MRC Dyspnea score, Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire (SHAQ) and clinical measurements. Forty-nine patients (86% female; 73% limited cutaneous SSc) completed the survey. The mean disease duration was 11 years and mean SHAQ was 0.5. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were good with the exception of PROMIS-29 anxiety. PROMIS-29, FACIT-Dyspnea, and Functional limitation showed strong correlations to corresponding RAND-36 domains (|rs|=0.67 to −0.85). Relevant PROMIS-29 domains, FACIT-Dyspnea and Functional limitation correlated strongly to SHAQ and VAS overall disease severity (|rs|=0.60 to −0.75). Ceiling effects (>15%) were found in six PROMIS-29 domains and in both FACIT-Dyspnea and Functional limitations. Four (4/5) hypotheses were confirmed. PROMIS-29 and FACIT-Dyspnea meet the requirements for reliability and have adequate construct validity in Swedish patients with SSc. PROMIS-29v2 and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Dyspnea (FACIT-Dyspnea) Index are patient outcome measures that gain increasing interest for the evaluation of patient with rheumatologic diseases. PROMIS-29v2 and FACIT-Dyspnea Index meet the requirements for reliability and have adequate construct validity compared to legacy measures in Swedish patients with systemic sclerosis. Translation and validation of PROMs is important for studies of rare diseases in multi-center collaborations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is important to identify valid and acceptable outcome measures so that interventions evaluating common mental health problems can be assessed appropriately. Some advocate the use of generic preference-based measures claimed to be applicable for all health interventions, but others argue that they are insensitive for common mental health problems. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), to be used in cost-effectiveness studies in people with common mental health problems. The CORE-OM measure was tested for completeness, acceptability and responsiveness in a pilot study. Analyses for missing data, distribution of scores, and standardised response means (SRMs) were calculated. Missing data did not exceed 5% for any of the CORE-6D items both at baseline and follow-up. The overall comprehension rate was high, and only 19 participants (14%) requested clarifications to complete the questionnaire. As expected in a feasibility study, there was a small and non-significant SRM. CORE-OM is a valid and acceptable instrument to evaluate quality of life for people with common mental health problems. More research is needed with larger sample sizes to compare CORE-6D with other condition specific quality of life instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is increasing interest in measuring wellbeing and mental health in a range of settings and services outside conventional mental health care settings. However, ensuring that measurement does not intrude on the primary service activity whilst promoting inclusion through minimizing literacy demands, requires ultra-brief and easy to use tools. To develop and test a brief emoji-based tool to assess mental health, wellbeing, resilience and community connection. In study 1, 672 adults completed an online questionnaire study comprising a new emoji measure and established questionnaires assessing mental health, resilience, community connection and wellbeing. In study 2, 415 participants completed a paper-and-pencil version of the emoji measure, mental health and community connection, with 212 individuals providing data at a second time point. Multidimensional scaling revealed a meaningful structure to the emoji measure with validity demonstrated through relationships to existing scales. Stability over time and sensitivity to change were also demonstrated. The emoji-based measure presented here provides an ultra-brief measure of mood and current experience, with minimal literacy demands on participants. Further research is now needed to test the properties and utility of the scale with other participant groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parent-adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) communication plays an important role in reducing sexual risk behaviour and preventing HIV. We sought to enhance limited information about the unique barriers to parent-adolescent SRH communication in the Arab states. This mixed-methods study, using a two-phase sequential explorative design, was conducted in 15 public secondary schools (with grades 5 to 10 students aged 10 to 15 years) in Oman. In phase one, 15 parents participated in two single-sex focus group discussions and two in-depth individual interviews. The qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. In phase two, a convenience sample of 250 parents completed a paper-based self-administered questionnaire. Findings showed that parents rarely communicated with their children about SRH concerns, including HIV. Barriers to more open parent-adolescent SRH communication include the fear that such discussion might encourage early sexual debut; feelings of shyness, discomfort and shame; associated socio-cultural taboos; gender mismatch; and lack of SRH knowledge. Findings suggest the need for parental SRH education and training and school based SRH education programmes to improve adolescent SRH. Experience developing these may be helpful to other countries with similar religious beliefs and socio-cultural traditions seeking to improve parent-adolescent SRH communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to provide knowledge on medical trainees' considerations about specialisation as they move from undergraduate to postgraduate medical education; especially their interest in general practice compared to other specialities. We developed and content-validated a questionnaire to examine medical trainees' speciality considerations and conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study. All medical trainees initiating their internship in Denmark in 2022 (N = 1,188) were invited to participate in the study. Medical specialities were categorised as hospital service specialities, internal medicine specialities, primary care, psychiatry specialities and surgery and emergency specialities. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the cohort and examine the participants' speciality considerations by assigning them to one of the following three orientations: committed, undecided or non-committed to a speciality. The response rate was 38.8% (n = 461), and participants' mean age was 27.4 years with a majority of females (68.1%). Nearly 25% of the participants had general practice as speciality preference, and only 13.9% had excluded general practice for future specialisation. Overall, around half of the participants had general practice as a first, second or third preference for specialisation. Danish medical trainees show considerable interest in general practice at the time of their transition from undergraduate to postgraduate education. However, to meet future demands on the primary care, further recruitment of general practitioners is still needed. This knowledge of the specialities' recruitment potential will likely be of interest to medical educators and healthcare planners alike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a new computer-supported collaborative learning-based groupware is proposed for supporting problem-based collaborative learning in computer programming education setting. The geo-distributed learners can collaboratively with their tutor resolve the common programming problem within a shared workspace. The proposed system embeds some synchronous and asynchronous collaborative tools that allow learners and tutor to interact with each other to develop a shared source code of the program. This research work has two main objectives. First, it attempts to present the proposed groupware functionalities. Second, it discusses the experimental study adopted to assess the acceptability of the Groupware. Such study is an empirical method based on the model of unified theory of the acceptance and use of technology to determine learners' Behavioural Intention (BI) to accept to use such Groupware in Algerian higher education setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As artificial intelligence (AI) became a part of daily life, it has become important to determine user competence in using AI technology. Here, we propose the concept of AI literacy and develop a quantitative scale for obtaining accurate data regarding the AI literacy of ordinary users. We first identified the primary core constructs of AI literacy, including awareness, use, evaluation, and ethics. Next, we generated 65 items to capture these four constructs; only 31 items were retained after a three-step content validation process. Then, we conducted a survey, and collected two samples of data. By reducing the number of items using the first sample and performing reliability and validity tests on the second sample, we obtained a 12-item instrument for the quantitative measurement of AI literacy. The results confirmed that the proposed four-construct model is an adequate representation of AI literacy. Further, AI literacy is significantly related to digital literacy, attitude towards robots, and users' daily usage of AI. This study will not only aid researchers in understanding how user competence in using AI technology affects human–AI interactions but will also help designers develop AI applications that are aligned with the AI literacy levels of the target users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. In recent years, workplace accidents have imposed a considerable cost on industries. Accident proneness is one of the most influential factors known to cause unsafe behaviors and occupational accidents. Therefore, the present study investigated the validity and reliability of the accident proneness questionnaire in industries. Methods. The questionnaire was developed to measure accident proneness in industries – the developed instrument was distributed in East Azarbaijan industries (1100 questionaries). Content validity, confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis were used to examine the construct validity, and Cronbach's α and the test–retest method were used to examine the reliability and reproducibility of the instrument. Results. In the face validity section, the impact score of all items was determined to be >1.5. In the content validity section, the content validity index (CVI) and the content validity ratio (CVR) were higher than the standard value of 0.42. The Cronbach's α coefficient for all dimensions was 0.914. Conclusion. The findings of the study show that the accident proneness questionnaire in industries has acceptable validity and reliability, and can be used as a comprehensive, practical, robust and reliable instrument to investigate the accident proneness of different industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online neuropsychological assessment batteries may facilitate the screening of cognitive functions in older adults and could be useful for early diagnosis and detection of cognitive impairments. The primary aim of this study was to assess the psychometric qualities of an online multi-domain cognitive assessment battery (General Cognitive Assessment Battery (GCAB) by Cognifit™) applied for the first time in Bulgaria. A total of 20 healthy older adults (6 male and 14 female, aged 60–82) completed the GCAB as well as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) neuropsychological battery. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the demographic characteristics of the sample and the scores on the GCAB and the CERAD battery. The internal consistency of the GCAB was evaluated using item analysis and measured with Cronbach's alpha. The concurrent validity of the GCAB was assessed with respect to the CERAD using Spearman's r after verifying the linear relationship between the GCAB and CERAD scores. The GCAB showed good concurrent validity when compared with the corresponding CERAD tests. The correlation coefficients ranged from 0.67 for working memory to 0.47 for short-term auditory memory. We found very good reliability of the GCAB, with the inter-class correlation coefficient higher than 0.8 for all cognitive domains. There were no significant correlations between MMSE and GCAB scores. The GCAB was found to be valid for the cognitive screening of Bulgarian healthy older adults and may provide an adequate assessment of their cognitive status. The GCAB showed good concurrent validity when compared with the CERAD battery, measuring similar cognitive constructs. Further work is necessary to explore its validity and reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study is to validate a scale to measure attitudes toward plagiarism. The survey questionnaire was administered to a purposive sample of 300 graduate Ph.D. students from private, state, and central universities. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to validate attitudes and subjective norms toward plagiarism. The scale demonstrated good internal consistency, composite reliability, and construct validity. Positive attitudes toward plagiarism, negative attitudes toward plagiarism, and subjective norms demonstrated a high level of convergence among the items thereby supporting the convergent validity of these constructs. The study extends the theory of planned behavior to predict intentions to plagiarize. Positive attitudes, negative attitudes, and subjective norms were related to plagiarism. Positive attitudes toward plagiarism indicate an individual's tolerance, acceptability, and positive perception toward an unethical task. Negative attitudes condemn plagiarism and the third dimension, subjective norms toward plagiarism, reflect the thinking and the occurrence of plagiarism and the acceptance of such behavior in academic and research settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work was to develop a measurement for the expectations of pregnant women about breastfeeding and examine the psychometric properties of the scale. The study was conducted with two separate samples, including women who were ≥28 weeks pregnant. The first sample, comprising 322 women aged 19 to 49 years (M = 28.19; SD = 4.86), was formed to conduct an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The second sample, which consisted of 274 women aged 18 to 42 years (M = 28.16; SD = 4.85), was formed to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The Prenatal Attachment Inventory and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale were administered. Data were collected between April and November 2021. In the EFA, two factors were obtained: "1: Enthusiastic Expectations of Breastfeeding" and "2: Fearful/Anxious Expectations of Breastfeeding." In the CFA, path diagrams and goodness-of-fit criteria showed that psychometric properties of 12-item and two-factor structure of the scale were sufficient. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of the overall scale and subscales were 0.88, 0.81, and 0.89, respectively. The scale was valid and reliable, and it performed well in measurement of pregnant women's expectations of breastfeeding about their future breastfeeding experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the prevalence of COVID-19, many people try to protect themselves against the virus by self-quarantining. Spiritual wellbeing improves the quality of life and helps people in hardships. This web-based descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 362 Iranian residents, in 2020. In this study, a multi-stage cluster sampling method was used. During the COVID-19 pandemic, spiritual well-being and quality of life were at medium levels in families. There is a positive relationship between spiritual well-being and quality of life, and a number of factors that affect them. It is necessary to design, implement and evaluate interventions considering these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Developing and improving education and training programs for future health professionals as a way to enhance perinatal care and reduce obstetric traumas is a necessity. Objective: The goal of the current study is to adapt a questionnaire that evaluates health science students' attitudes toward women's childbirth experiences (CAVE-ST; acronym is for cuestionario de actitudes sobre vivencias y experiencias en el parto) into Turkish and assess its psychometric properties. Method: The sample comprised 950 undergraduate students in midwifery departments in Turkey aged between 20 and 41 years (M = 22.42, SD = 1.79). Participants filled out the Demographic Information Form as well as CAVE-ST-TR. Item and scale content validity index (I-CVI and S-CVI), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Pearson's correlation coefficients, Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient, and Guttman split-half coefficient were used to examine psychometric properties. Results: The results revealed that the 52-item and four-factor CAVE-ST-TR is a valid and reliable tool to assess health science students' attitudes toward women's childbirth experiences. Conclusion: This study would enhance the cross-cultural utility of the questionnaire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. The safety behavior scale (SBS), developed by Neal, Griffin and Hart, is one of the most widely used conceptualizations in the field of occupational safety. Previous studies have evaluated the psychometric properties of this scale in different populations. However, few validation studies have been conducted in the Latin American context. To fill these gaps in the literature, this study aimed to assess the validity, reliability and measurement invariance of this instrument in the context of the Latin American mining industry. Methods. Data were collected from 398 workers from Ecuadorian mining companies. The questionnaire was translated into Spanish following a back-translation process. The latent factorial structure of the SBS was explored by estimating a series of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory equation modeling (ESEM) models. Results. The analyses showed that the two correlated first-order factor CFA representation was the most appropriate model for the data. Measurement invariance by age, type of contract and firm size was also confirmed. Conclusions. The SBS is a valid and reliable measure of safety behavior. In addition, this study determined the applicability of this instrument in the Latin American context, which enhances opportunities for future research in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a community-based, interdisciplinary, medication education intervention for rural older adults. The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest/posttest design. Self-efficacy, adherence to refills and medication, and knowledge were examined. An educational intervention was conducted with each participant on their prescribed medications. Mean scores for the adherence to refills and medication subscale decreased from 9.9 to 8.5 (p =.003) indicating improved adherence. Mean scores for the knowledge subscale increased from 21.8 to 22.4 (p =.192). Results suggest a community-based, interdisciplinary, individualized medication education intervention could increase medication adherence in rural older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Treatments for cystic fibrosis (CF) are complex, labour-intensive, and perceived as highly burdensome by caregivers of children with CF. An instrument assessing burden of care is needed. A stepwise, qualitative design was used to create the CLCF with caregiver focus groups, participant researchers, a multidisciplinary professional panel, and cognitive interviews. Preliminary psychometric analyses evaluated the reliability and convergent validity of the CLCF scores. Cronbach's alpha assessed internal consistency and t-tests examined test-retest reliability. Correlations measured convergence between the Treatment Burden scale of the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R) and the CLCF. Discriminant validity was assessed by comparing CLCF scores in one vs two-parent families, across ages, and in children with vs without Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). Six Challenge subscales emerged from the qualitative data and the professional panel constructed a scoresheet estimating the Time and Effort required for treatments. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were adequate. Good convergence was found between the Total Challenge score and Treatment Burden on the CFQ-R (r=-0.49, p = 0.02, n = 31). A recent PA infection signalled higher Total Challenge for caregivers (F(23)11.72, p = 0.002). The CLCF, developed in partnership with parents/caregivers and CF professionals, is a timely, disease-specific burden measure for clinical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients with underlying comorbidities are particularly vulnerable to poor outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite the context-specific nature of vaccine hesitancy, there are currently no scales that incorporate disease or treatment-related hesitancy factors. We developed a six-item scale assessing disease-related COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and concerns (The Disease Influenced COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Scale-Six: DIVAS-6). A survey incorporating the DIVAS-6 was completed by 4683 participants with severe and/or chronic illness (3560 cancer; 842 diabetes; 281 multiple sclerosis (MS)). The survey included the Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale, the Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence and Complacency Scale, demographic, disease-related, and vaccination status questions. The six items loaded onto two factors (disease complacency and vaccine vulnerability) using exploratory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling. The two factors were internally consistent. Measurement invariance analysis showed the two factors displayed psychometric equivalence across the patient groups. Each factor significantly correlated with the two Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine scales, showing convergent validity. The summary score showed acceptable ability to discriminate vaccination status across diseases, with the total sample providing good-to-excellent discriminative ability. The DIVAS-6 has two factors measuring COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and concerns relating to potential complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection due to underlying disease (disease complacency) and vaccine-related impact on disease progression and treatment (vaccine vulnerability). This is the first validated scale to measure disease-related COVID-19 vaccine concerns and has been validated in people with cancer, diabetes, and MS. It is quick to administer and should assist with guiding information delivery about COVID-19 vaccination in medically vulnerable populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citizenship Education is currently interpreted as a multidimensional education, even Citizenship Education includes various disciplines related to citizenship issues. One of the actual citizenship problems is about environmental damage, because it is a problem experienced by all nations in the world. This study aimed to develop an instrument to measure students' attitudes related to students' ecological citizenship behavior as one of the outputs of Citizenship Education course in middle school. This study was using development method (R&D) which included several stages, namely preliminary research, development research, effectiveness measurement, and dissemination. The results of the expert assessment of the content and content validation test stated that the digital citizenship-based political participation instrument was assessed according to the CVI 1 (Relevant) value, while the broad-scale analysis of the questionnaire items was obtained with valid results of 26 questionnaire items with reliability value of 0.98. This study found that the instrument was relevant to measure civics learning outcomes in the form of students' ability to apply attitudes in accordance with the value of ecological citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autobiographical reasoning is a process by which an individual creates a coherent life account. The degree of coherence in autobiographical reasoning has been related to psychological health correlates such as depression and self-esteem in previous studies, but with inconsistent findings. Similarly, the basic psychological processes required to achieve coherence have been previously studied with regard to intelligence, but infrequently, and also with mixed findings. In the present study, we first developed and evaluated a German version of the Awareness of Narrative Identity Questionnaire (ANIQ) as an established measure of self-reported coherence. Second, we tested for cognitive dependencies on intelligence and memory indices. Third, we analysed its associations with psychological health correlates. We assessed a sample of 272 participants and thereof 189 participants again two-weeks later. Results supported the assumptions of the German ANIQ's psychometric qualities (factor structure, test-retest reliability, invariance) and validity (with regard to self-consciousness, self-concept clarity, and written accounts of personal turning points). We found coherence to be independent of intelligence and verbal memory, but partially dependent on figural memory. Coherence was related to depression, positivity, self-esteem, and self-esteem stability, but not to anxiety, substantiating its salutogenic effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For speakers with mild to moderate expressive aphasia the ultimate goal of aphasia therapy is to improve verbal functional communication, which may be assessed with the Amsterdam-Nijmegen Test for Everyday Language (ANELT; Blomert et al., 1995). The ANELT is based on a qualitative and transcription-less method of analysis: the scoring is based on personal judgement and directly made from the recording of the test. Previous research (Ruiter et al., 2011) has shown that a quantitative measure for the ANELT not only allows verbal effectiveness (i.e., the amount of essential information conveyed) to be measured more sensitively, but also allows derivation of a measure of verbal efficiency (i.e., average amount of essential information produced per time unit). Although the quantitative scoring further improved the construct validity of the ANELT, there is a limitation that hinders its clinical application: the quantitative measure requires orthographic transcription of the spoken responses to the test. That is, the quantitative scoring is transcription-based. In order to work towards clinical applicability of the quantitative measure of the ANELT, this study addressed the potential of a transcription-less variant of the quantitative analysis, in which the amount of essential information is directly quantified on the basis of recording, as a valid and reliable procedure for the measurement of verbal effectiveness. A total of 56 speakers of Dutch participated: 31 neurologically healthy speakers and 25 persons with aphasia. Monologic discourse elicited with 10 scenarios from an adapted version of the ANELT (Ruiter et al., 2016) was analysed with both a transcription-based quantitative method and a transcription-less quantitative one. Resulting data were systematically compared on the following psychometric properties: internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, construct validity, convergent validity, and known-group validity. Internal consistency and inter-rater reliability were good and comparable between both scoring methods. Only for one scenario did the transcription-based scoring method yield higher agreement among the raters. With respect to validity, both scoring methods seem to yield measures of the same underlying constructs, show a strong and positive correlation, and allow differentiation between persons with and without aphasia. Although future research is needed to develop norm scores and investigate other psychometric properties, the result from the comparison demonstrated the potential of the transcription-less quantitative method as a valid and reliable method to analyse monologic discourse elicited with the adapted ANELT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim was to establish the reliability and the validity of Arabic translated versions of the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) and the Effort Assessment Scale (EAS). The FAS and the EAS were translated from the original English following a recommended six-step approach for translating hearing-related questionnaires for different languages. The reliability of the scales was investigated using Cronbach's alpha, item-total correlation, and inter-item correlation. Construct validity was investigated using factor analysis and the hypothesis testing method. The translated scales were completed by 146 participants from Jordan and Saudi Arabia (age range 19–86 years old, 39% male). Participants' hearing level ranged from normal to profound. Item 3 in the translated FAS was removed to improve the scale's construct validity. The translated version of the EAS was found to be as reliable and valid as the original EAS. The availability of standardised versions of the FAS and the EAS provides a quick and easy method for improving hearing rehabilitation in Arabic-speaking countries where audiology services can often be costly and not necessarily accessible to all individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals who require augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) comprise a heterogeneous group, but all need follow-up to assure the appropriateness of implemented interventions. To enable this, outcome measures such as the Family Impact of Assistive Technology Scale for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (FIATS-AAC) may be used. However, instrument must be adapted to the language and culture in which they are to be used. The aim of the study was to therefore to explore the suitability of the Norwegian short-form version (FIATS-AAC-No) by investigating the reliability, validity, and perceived clinical usefulness. The study utilized a mixed-method design, including an online survey and two small group interviews. In total, 47 parents responded to the online survey. The online survey was comprised of three questionnaires, where FIATS-AAC-No was one of the questionnaires. Two group interviews, with two parents and two clinicians, were conducted. Findings show satisfactorily reliability, construct validity and content validity. The interviews revealed a need for specification of key concepts, that there are challenges involved in being parents of a child needing AAC, and that completing questionnaires was perceived as stressful by many parents. The clinicians viewed the FIATS-AAC-No as a potentially useful clinical tool and expressed that it brought to attention the need for follow-up parents have. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interprofessional education within clinical teaching sites is a key part of training for pre-professional students. However, the necessary characteristics of these interprofessional clinical teaching sites is unclear. We developed a tool, the Interprofessional Education Site Readiness, or InSITE, tool, for individuals at a site to use as a self-assessment of the site's current readiness for providing interprofessional education. The tool progressed through six stages of development, collecting evidence for validity and reliability, resulting in a final tool with 23 questions distributed across five domains. Data from 94 respondents from a variety of national sites were used for the item analysis showing acceptable item-to-total correlations. Internal reliability testing gave a Cronbach's coefficient alpha of more than 0.70 for each group level comparison. Known groups validity testing provides strong evidence for its responsiveness in detecting differences in sites where IPE is implemented. The results of the testing lead us to conclude that the InSITE tool has acceptable psychometric properties. Additionally, we discovered that the process in which the InSITE tool was used demonstrated that it can facilitate learning in practice for the health professionals and can help make implicit, informal workplace learning and the hidden curriculum explicit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many childhoods and adolescent psychosocial problems involve dysfunctional emotion regulation. A programme has been developed called Affect regulating Arts Therapies (ArAT) to address emotion regulation problems in children and adolescents. The theoretical concepts and techniques have been described in the ArAT programme, but insight into which specific therapeutic actions contribute to the benefits in clinical practice is still lacking. This study aims to construct a measurement instrument (checklist) to test whether the main therapeutic actions are applied in line with the ArAT programme. To develop the measurement instrument, we performed desk research on existing documents and additional literature. In addition, developers were interviewed, and group meetings took place. Finally, to develop the instrument further and investigate the reliability of the measurement instrument, film clips from therapeutic sessions were used and scored by multiple raters. Typical therapeutic actions were defined from attachment, trauma, affect-regulating, mentalising, art therapeutic theories and treatments, and could be divided into the three theoretical phases of the ArAT programme: tension regulation, attention regulation, and affect regulation. A first draft item list of 83 items was based on qualitative analysis. In three phases, the draft item list was reduced to 15 items, of which twelve items met reliability criteria. The therapeutic core of the ArAT programme lies in enhancing the self-regulatory abilities of children/adolescents through art therapeutic actions that target the regulation of tensions, attention, and affects. The set of 15 items is considered a starting point to further investigate the ArAT programme's treatment integrity. Many childhoods and adolescent psychosocial problems involve a high sensitivity to emotions and strong emotional reactions to stressful situations, also known as emotion regulation problems. A program has been developed called Affect regulating Arts Therapies (ArAT) to address these problems in children and adolescents. The theory has been described in the ArAT programme, but insight into what the therapist does in this therapy is unclear. This study aimed to create a questionnaire to check whether the main therapeutic actions are applied in line with the ArAT programme. To develop the questionnaire, we searched in existing documents and additional literature. In addition, ArAT developers were interviewed, and group meetings took place. Finally, to develop the questionnaire further and to investigate whether the questionnaire could be completed reliably by different people, film clips from therapeutic sessions were used and scored by multiple people. Typical ArAT therapeutic actions were found in different attachment, trauma, affect-regulating, mentalising, art therapeutic theories and, treatments. They could be divided into the three theoretical phases of the ArAT programme: tension regulation, attention regulation, and affect regulation. The first item list of 83 items was based on literature and interviews. In three phases, this list was reduced to 15 items, of which twelve items could be reliably observed. The therapeutic basis of the ArAT programme lies in improving the child's/adolescents ability to regulate their own emotions through art therapeutic actions. The set of 15 items is considered a starting point to further investigate the ArAT programme's extent to which the intervention is implemented as planned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to validate the Yonsei Lifestyle Profie-BREF (YLP-BREF) and preliminarily investigate its psychometric properties. Methods: In total, 569 community-dwelling older adults were recruited. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. Also, convergent and divergent validity were assessed. Additionally, Cronbach's alpha reliability was examined. Finally, an optimal cutoff score for the YLP-BREF was established using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results: The one-factor model was the best fit. The 5 items of physical activity and the 4 items of activity participation illustrated an acceptable fit. All nutrition items showed an acceptable fit. Cronbach's alpha reliability was good for the total score and nutrition and acceptable for physical activity, but insufficient for activity participation. Convergent and divergent validities were good. The optimal cutoff score for the YLP-BREF was 49. Conclusion: The YLP-BREF is a reliable and valid self-report questionnaire for measuring multifaceted lifestyle factors in older adults in South Korea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the sedentary behavior questionnaire (SBQ) among university office employees in Kermanshah province in the west of Iran. Methods. A validation study was performed among 701 university office employees in Kermanshah province. The content validation process was conducted using interviews with content and lay experts. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated as test–retest reliability. In addition, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to assess the validity of the questionnaire structure. Results. The scale content validity indices using two general agreement approaches and the mean approach were 88.88 and 97.77%, respectively. The ICC was estimated at 1.00 (95% confidence interval [0.99, 1.00]). The exploratory factor analyses suggested nine-factor solutions, and in the independent sample the confirmatory factor analysis fit indices showed that the model had acceptable fit to the data. Conclusion. The Persian version of the SBQ had acceptable reliability and validity for assessing sedentary behavior (SB) among office employees. This questionnaire is a simple and self-report tool for measuring SB in daily life and would be useful in the design and evaluation of preventive programs among administrative staff and for high-risk population surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time pressure, a common phenomenon in everyday workplace environments, is an important driver for non-secure cybersecurity behaviour in organisations. Under time pressure, users are more likely to rely upon fast, affect-driven decision making, increasing their susceptibility to make mistakes and justify non-secure workarounds. This contributes to the role of human error in cybersecurity and counteracts cybersecurity measures (CSMs) designed to protect organisations from threats and vulnerabilities. In this study, we report results from an online survey (N = 207), investigating how users perceive the effectiveness of CSMs for facilitating secure behaviour under time pressure. Understanding how users perceive the effectiveness of CSMs is important to inform the design and implementation of such measures in practice. We find that perceived CSM effectiveness differs greatly across measures. Thereby, users' appreciation of incident severity and the general level of time pressure in their daily lives emerge as important antecedents. We discuss theoretical and practical implications for the design and implementation of CSMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was aimed at devising and validating a questionnaire on EFL teachers' perceptions of reflective practice. To this end, seven experts in the field of Applied Linguistics were invited to check the face and content validity of the questionnaire with a checklist. They were also asked to rate the questionnaire items on a 5- point Likert scale. Based on the experts' viewpoints (removing 3 items and making some revisions on 8 items) and the review of the relevant literature on teacher reflective practice, 45 items were selected and maintained for the initial scale. To validate the instrument, entailing 45 items, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA, CFA) were used. Based on the EFA results, 3 items were removed from the scale due to their ineffective loading on the factors and scree plot indicated that 5 factors (interpersonal, intrapersonal, critical, behavioral, and strategic) had acceptable eigenvalue that corresponded to the tentative model. The result of CFA also reduced the scale to 33 items. This validated instrument can be used to determine EFL teachers' attempts to be reflective and their perceptions of reflective practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of this study were to translate the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) into Canadian French (PSEQ-F) and to evaluate its validity, reliability and responsiveness in a French-Canadian sample of patients with persistent rotator cuff related shoulder pain (RCRSP). Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the original English version of the PSEQ into Canadian French were performed according to standard procedures. Thereafter, 78 adults with RCRSP completed the PSEQ-F on three occasions: baseline, 2 days later to evaluate the reliability and 6 weeks later to evaluate responsiveness. Cross-cultural adaptation was performed without problems with content or language. The PSEQ-F was found to be reliable (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = 0.96; Minimal Detectable Change = 3 points [5%]), valid (moderate correlations with an abbreviated version of Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand [QuickDASH] and Brief Pain Inventory [BPI] Questionnaires) and responsive (Standardized Response Mean = 0.96; Effect Size = 0.81; Minimal Clinically Important Difference = 6 points [10%]). The PSEQ-F is a reliable, valid and responsive questionnaire that can be used to assess pain self-efficacy in French-speaking individuals with RCRSP. Further studies should use a self-efficacy-specific Global Rating of Change scale to estimate its responsiveness more thoroughly. Higher levels of pain self-efficacy have been associated with increased odds of symptom resolution in those with persistent rotator cuff related shoulder pain (RCRSP). The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) has been identified as the most frequently used tool by clinicians to assess pain self-efficacy in patients at risk of developing persistent musculoskeletal pain. The Canadian French version of the PSEQ (PSEQ-F) is a reliable, valid and responsive questionnaire that can be used to assess pain self-efficacy in French-speaking individuals with RCRSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to translate the Lymphedema Quality of Life Questionnaire-leg into Korean (K-LYMQOL-leg) and test its reliability and validity. The LYMQOL-leg was translated forward and backward from English to Korean. Fifty-five patients with lower limb lymphedema completed the K-LYMQOL-leg and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC-QLQ-C30) at the first visit, and the K-LYMQOL-leg was re-administered within a week. Reliability was tested by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Cronbach's alpha for each domain. Face validity was evaluated, and concurrent validity was verified by comparing the K-LYMQOL-leg domain scores with the corresponding EORTC-QLQ-C30 and limb volume scales. The known-group construct validity was then assessed. Excellent reliability was confirmed by internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient, 0.851–0.878) and test-retest reliability (ICC, 0.901–0.936) in the four domains. A significant correlation was confirmed in the appearance domain with limb volume (r = 0.424) and in the other domains [function, symptom, and mood], with the EORTC-QLQ-C30 scales (r = −0.779, 0.712, and −0.783). Known-group validity was confirmed in all four domains. The K-LYMQOL-leg verified in this study can be used in clinical practice to evaluate the Quality of Life (QOL) of patients with lymphedema or in research as an outcome. Among cancer treatment-related complications, lymphedema of the lower extremities severely and persistently reduces the health-related quality of life of cancer survivors. The Korean version of the Lymphedema Quality of Life Questionnaire-leg (K-LYMQOL-leg) is an easy, reliable and valid questionnaire for patients with lower limb lymphedema. K-LYMQOL-leg will be useful in assessing the quality of life of patients with lower limb lymphedema in a clinical setting or for research purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article assesses the reliability and validity of the Self-Efficacy in Client-Centredness questionnaire (SECCQ). SECCQ assesses social worker students' subjective belief in their ability to provide client-centered care in their daily interaction with children or families. Self-efficacy is defined as an individual's judgments concerning their capability to perform certain skills necessary to attain a desired outcome of behavior. Client-centeredness, on the other hand, relates to how social workers treat clients, not only from a clinical perspective, but also from an emotional, mental, and social perspective. Overall findings demonstrate that this questionnaire has satisfying psychometric properties and high reliability. Hence, the SECCQ may be a valuable tool for raising students' awareness of their self-efficacy and the evaluation of student learning outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to examine the validity and reliability of the Saudi version of the Cyberchondria CSS-12 (short form). A convenience sample of (434) university student's were selected to evaluate the validity and reliability of Cyberchondria severity scale CSS-12. M-PLUS 7 and SPSS were used to analyze data. Cronbach's alpha, divergent validity, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted as well. The CSS-12 showed acceptable validity and reliability among the Saudi sample. The CSS-12 had positive and significant correlations with health anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hopelessness, or a sense of despair about the future, has been a growing focus of psychological research among patients with serious medical illnesses. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Hopelessness Assessment in Illness (HAI) questionnaire, developed specifically for those facing a life-threatening illness. Participants were 344 advanced cancer patients (e.g. lung, breast, gastrointestinal, etc.) participating in two psychotherapy research trials. Descriptive statistics characterised participants in regard to both demographic (age, gender, race, ethnicity, religiosity) and clinical characteristics (cancer type). Scale properties were assessed for internal consistency using Cronbach's coefficient alpha, item-total correlations, Principle Axis factor analysis, and its correlation to relevant psychological constructs. Nonlinear confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) assessed for latent construct variance by gender. Psychometric properties of the Hopelessness Assessment in Illness questionnaire. Results indicated strong internal consistency and temporal stability of the HAI, with significant correlations between the HAI and several theoretically related psychological constructs. CFA suggested the same single underlying factor for males and females. The HAI demonstrated strong psychometric properties in the context of advanced cancer. Future research is needed to assess the utility of the HAI in more medically and geographically diverse populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study developed the Japanese version of the Valued Living Questionnaire Adapted to dementia Caregiving (J-VLQAC) and assessed its reliability and validity. A 2-wave longitudinal survey with an interval of two weeks was conducted with Japanese dementia family caregivers (n = 521 at T1; n = 424 at T2). Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a poor fit to our data for the original 2-factor model. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a new 3-factor model (i.e., Own Values, Family Values, and Health Values). Both models showed similar good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest reliability. Significant correlations between the J-VLQAC and the Valuing Questionnaire (VQ) and measures assessing related constructs (e.g., cognitive fusion) supported good criterion validity and acceptable level of construct validity for both models. Compared to the original 2-factor model, the new 3-factor model showed higher incremental validity, which was assessed through the hierarchical regression analysis examining whether the J-VLQAC predicts depression, anxiety, and life satisfaction over and above the VQ. The J-VLQAC has good reliability and acceptable validity. The information gathered from the J-VLQAC can be used to tailor psychological support and help caregivers engage in activities that reflect their personal values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on literature and available questionnaires, the present study aimed at creating and validating the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (PSSQ): a 4-item scale assessing the perceived social support in older adults. Normative scores were also computed. Three hundred and two participants (mean age 87.68) selected from ongoing population-based studies completed a phone interview. Among these, 247 completed a second interview 4 months later allowing assessing the questionnaire fidelity over time. The factor analysis evidenced two dimensions: availability of social support and satisfaction with it. Both dimensions had a satisfactory internal consistency but weak intraclass correlation coefficient. Univariate analyses revealed that age, number of calls per week and living environment marginally associated with the availability score. The satisfaction score was associated with perceived health status, sadness, depressive mood, feeling of loneliness, anxiety, and the perception of social support during the pandemic context. The norms computed were stratified on age. The PSSQ is a short and easy-to-administer tool allowing assessing perceived social support in older population. Despite a weak fidelity that could actually be explained by changes in perceived social support over time, the questionnaire revealed good psychometric qualities and validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to present the construction process of the Coping Inventory for Paralympic Athletes in Competition Situations (ICAP) and, as well, evidence of its content validity. The ICAP was developed to evaluate coping strategies in Paralympic athletes aged 18 years and older, possessing physical and/or visual impairment. The instrument is self-reported and includes the dimensions of Self-Reliance, Support-Seeking, Problem-Solving, Information-Seeking, Accommodation, Negotiation, Delegation, Social Isolation, Helplessness, Escape, Submission, and Opposition. Development of the instrument involved: (1) theoretical foundation based on the motivational theory of coping; (2) construction of the preliminary version of the instrument; (3) items analysis by expert judges; (4) semantic analysis of the items; and (5) pilot study. These procedures enabled the creation and refinement of the instrument. Some items were deleted and modified, reaching a final version of 91 items. This exhaustive process is considered to have ensured the content validity of the instrument. It is hoped that the ICAP can contribute in the future to the areas of sports psychology and Paralympic sport, both in the context of research and in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to validate a French version of the Autobiographical Recollection Test (ART), a 21-item self-report questionnaire developed by Berntsen, D., Hoyle, R. H., & Rubin, D. C. (2019; The Autobiographical Recollection Test (ART): A measure of individual differences in autobiographical memory. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(3), 305–318) examining the subjective quality people attribute to their autobiographical memories. It measures seven distinct but correlated dimensions of memories' quality varying between individuals: vividness, narrative coherence, reliving, rehearsal, visual imagery, scene, and life-story relevance. 373 participants aged from 18 to 87 years old were invited to complete the questionnaire by rating on a 7-point Likert scale the degree to which they agree with each item. Demographic data and information about their perception of their memory functioning and satisfaction were also collected. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the initial seven-factor structure of the ART. Moreover, results showed desirable psychometric properties, with good internal consistency (.94) and test-retest reliability (.83). This scale was also correlated with participants' perception of memory functioning in daily life. However, there was no correlation with age, confirming prior studies showing that the subjective quality of autobiographical memories does not decline with age. This study thus provides proof of the good psychometric properties of the French version of the ART and promotes its use to explore the subjective quality of autobiographical memories in clinical populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the impact of the perceptions of antisocial behaviour on the use of the social media platform Twitter. We extend the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) with the Perception of Antisocial Behaviour as a risk factor, and two supporting constructs: Strategic Self-Presentation and Protective Self-Presentation. We call this extended model Technology Acceptance and Use under Risk (TAUR). We investigate two groups via an online questionnaire, contrasting Anglophone countries (the UK, USA, and Canada, 200 responses), with Saudi Arabia (540 responses). In both cases the data shows that the Perception of Antisocial Behaviour impacts Twitter use, but not directly, rather it negatively impacts the influence of other factors such as Behavioural Intention – it also shows that this affects Anglophones more than Saudis. This indicates that future work should differentiate between different cultural groups, and different solutions may be needed to assuage users' fears in different parts of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To develop and explore underlying dimensions of the Self-Regulation Assessment (SeRA) and psychometric features of potential components. Further, to identify associations between the SeRA and disability-management self-efficacy, type of diagnosis, and type of rehabilitation. Based on a previously developed model of self-regulation, expert and patient opinions, and cognitive interviews, a list of 22 items on self-regulation (the SeRA) was constructed. The SeRA was included in a cross-sectional survey among a multi-diagnostic group of 563 former rehabilitation patients. Exploratory analyses were conducted. Respondents had a mean age of 56.5 (SD 12.7) years. The largest diagnostic groups were chronic pain disorder and brain injury. Four components were found within the SeRA, labelled as "insight into own health condition," "insight into own capabilities," "apply self-regulation," and "organization of help." Cronbach's alpha was high (total scale: 0.93, subscales: range 0.85–0.89). Only scores on the first subscale showed a ceiling effect. Subscale three showed the highest correlation with a self-efficacy measure. Small differences in SeRA total scores (range 71.6–78.1) were found between different diagnostic groups. The SeRA is a new self-regulation measure with four subscales. Further research is needed to establish the validity and reliability of the SeRA. The Self-Regulation Assessment (SeRA) was developed to provide a comprehensive measurement of self-regulation among rehabilitation populations. The SeRA could potentially be used to identify persons with self-regulation problems at the start of rehabilitation treatment and measure outcomes of rehabilitation for self-regulation. The SeRA could potentially be used to help analyse outcomes of rehabilitation practice as well as evaluate interventions on self-regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-disgust is a complex emotion related to feeling aversion or revulsion about internal and personal physical attributes, personality, functioning and behaviours. The aim of the present study was to adapt, validate and examine the psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Self-Disgust Scale, in a sample of Portuguese adolescents (MSDS-A). Participants were 540 adolescents (n = 308females, 57%), with ages between 13 and 18 years. Data were analysed through SPSS and MPLUS was used to perform a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Self-report questionnaires were used to assess several indicators of psychopathology and self-compassion. Results from the CFA showed that a 4-factor model with a second order factor presented good fit indices. The full scale and its factors showed good internal consistency, adequate temporal stability, and good convergent, divergent and incremental validity. The MSDS-A seems a valid measure to assess self-disgust in adolescents, with important implications to clinical context and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Little Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (LDCDQ) is a parental questionnaire designed to identify preschool children at risk of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the LDCDQ for French European informants (Little Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire-French European [LDCDQ-FE]) and to undertake a pilot examination of its psychometric properties on a French sample. A thorough process of cultural adaptation was completed. The psychometric properties were examined with a sample of 154 French children aged to 5y11m (control = 121; clinically referred = 33). A sub-group of 34 children was assessed using the MABC-2 to measure convergent validity. Principal component analysis demonstrated a four-component structure, accounting for 67.5% of the variance. Internal consistency was acceptable to good (α = 0.74–0.89). Significant correlation between the LDCDQ-FE and the MABC-2 total scores showed convergent validity. Discriminant validity was supported by significant score differences between the clinically referred and a matched control sub-group. Using ROC curves, a cutoff of 67 was proposed for a sensitivity of 81.3% and a specificity of 77.8%. Results show initial evidence of the psychometric properties of the LDCDQ-FE and are encouraging of its use to identify young preschoolers at risk for DCD. In future studies, the test-retest reliability should be investigated, and study sample sizes expanded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facial weakness and its functional consequences are an often underappreciated clinical feature of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) by healthcare professionals and researchers. This is at least in part due to the fact that there are few adequate clinical outcome measures available. We developed the Facial Function Scale, a Rasch-built questionnaire on the functional disabilities relating to facial weakness in FSHD. A preliminary 33-item questionnaire was created based on semi-structured interviews with 16 FSHD patients and completed by 119 patients. For reliability studies, 73 patients completed it again after a two-week interval. Data were subjected to semi-automated Rasch analysis to select the most appropriate item set to fit model expectations. This resulted in a 25-item unidimensional, linear-weighted questionnaire with high internal consistency (person separation index = 0.92) and test–retest reliability (patients' locations ICC = 0.98 and items' locations ICC = 0.99). Good external construct validity scores were obtained through correlation with the Communicative Participation Item Bank questionnaire, examiner-reported Facial Weakness Score and facial weakness subscale of the FSHD evaluation score (respectively r = 0.733, r = −0.566, and r = 0.441, all p < 0.001). This study provides a linear-weighted, clinimetrically sound, patient-reported outcome measure on the functional disabilities relating to facial weakness in FSHD, to enable further research on this relevant topic. Facial weakness and its functional consequences are an often underappreciated clinical feature of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), both in symptomatic treatment and in research. To enable the development and testing of therapeutic symptomatic interventions for facial weakness, clinical outcome measures are required. This study provides a linear-weighted, clinimetrically sound, patient-reported outcome measure on the functional disabilities relating to facial weakness in FSHD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess the change in individual outcomes for people with disability and complex needs after moving into newly built, individualised apartments in the community. People with disability (neurological disorder or cerebral palsy) and complex needs (n = 15, aged 18–65 years) completed quantitative self-report measures over two time-points (pre-move and 6–24 months post-move). Pre-move living arrangements included group homes, residential aged care, private rentals, and living with parents. Post-move living arrangements were individualised apartments built for people with disability. Health, wellbeing, community integration, and support needs were compared across pre- and post-move timepoints. Paired sample t-tests showed significant improvements consistent with large effects in wellbeing (p = 0.031, Eta2=0.29) and community integration (p = 0.008, Eta2=0.41), particularly home integration, and a trend towards improved health (p = 0.077, Eta2=0.21). A Wilcoxon signed rank test demonstrated a trend towards reduced support needs (z= −1.941, p = 0.052) consistent with a medium effect (r = 0.35) and an average decrease of 2.4 support hours per participant per day. Well-located housing with appropriate design, technology and support provision makes a positive contribution to wellbeing, community integration, and health for people with complex disability. People with disability who move into individualised apartments experience significant positive change in health, wellbeing, and participation. Findings highlight the benefits of housing that foster independence and enable personal choice and control. Evidence suggests that investment in appropriately designed and well-located housing has positive outcomes for people with disability. Evidence collected within this outcome framework has the potential to ensure models of housing and support that are responsive to the diverse and changing needs of people with disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nursing applicants' desire to work in nursing has been identified as an important aspect to consider in nursing student selection, but relevant instruments are missing. To describe the development and psychometric testing of the Desire to Work in Nursing instrument. A mixed-methods design. The development phase included the collection and analysis of two types of data. First, three focus group interviews were organised with volunteer nursing applicants (n = 18) after the entrance exams of three universities of applied sciences (UAS) (in 2016). The interviews were analysed inductively. Second, scoping review data from four electronic databases were collected. Thirteen full-text articles (published between 2008 and 2019) were included in the review and analysed deductively based on the results of the focus group interviews. The items for the instrument were generated by synthesising the results of the focus group interviews and the scoping review. The testing phase included 841 nursing applicants who participated in the entrance exams of four UAS on 31 October 2018. The psychometric properties were analysed by examining internal consistency reliability and construct validity by principal component analysis (PCA). The desire to work in nursing was classified into four categories: nature of the work, career opportunities, suitability for nursing and previous experiences. The internal consistency reliability of the four subscales was satisfactory. The PCA found only one factor with an eigenvalue over one, explaining 76% of the total variance. The instrument can be considered reliable and valid. Although theoretically the instrument contains four categories, a one-factor solution should be considered in the future. Evaluation of applicants' desire to work in nursing may provide a strategy to retain students. Individuals choose the nursing profession for variety of reasons. However, there is very little understanding of why nursing applicants desire to work in nursing. With the current challenges in the adequate staffing in the nursing workforce, it is important to understand any aspects that may be associated with student recruitment and retention. In this study, it was identified that nursing applicants desire to work in nursing because of the nature of the work, career opportunities, being suitable for nursing and of previous experiences. Instrument to measure this desire was developed and tested. The tests revealed that the instrument can be used reliably in this context. It is suggested that the developed instrument could be used as a pre-screening or self-assessment tool before applying to nursing education to provide further insights to applicants about their reasons for applying and an opportunity to reflect on their decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple choice questions (MCQs) suffer from cueing, item quality and factual knowledge testing. This study presents a novel multimodal test containing alternative item types in a computer-based assessment (CBA) format, designated as Proxy-CBA. The Proxy-CBA was compared to a standard MCQ-CBA, regarding validity, reliability, standard error of measurement, and cognitive load, using a quasi-experimental crossover design. Biomedical students were randomized into two groups to sit a 65-item formative exam starting with the MCQ-CBA followed by the Proxy-CBA (group 1, n = 38), or the reverse (group 2, n = 35). Subsequently, a questionnaire on perceived cognitive load was taken, answered by 71 participants. Both CBA formats were analyzed according to parameters of the Classical Test Theory and the Rasch model. Compared to the MCQ-CBA, the Proxy-CBA had lower raw scores (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.276), higher reliability estimates (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.498), lower SEM estimates (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.807), and lower theta ability scores (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.288). The questionnaire revealed no significant differences between both CBA tests regarding perceived cognitive load. Compared to the MCQ-CBA, the Proxy-CBA showed increased reliability and a higher degree of validity with similar cognitive load, suggesting its utility as an alternative assessment format. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally teachers are mandated by law to report suspected child sexual abuse (CSA). The Teachers' Reporting Questionnaire (TRQ) was constructed to assess teachers' intentions to report CSA suspicions in Australia. The current research examines the development of the Teacher Reporting Questionnaire for South African foundation phase educators (TRQ-SA) and provides an evaluation of the TRQ-SA as a survey instrument for utilization in other studies. The TRQ-SA is a self-administered survey instrument used in a cross-sectional quantitative study that investigated teacher reporting intentions using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). A stratified random sample of 399 teachers from the eight school districts in the Western Cape province of South Africa was achieved. Before the TRQ-SA was developed, a qualitative elicitation study was conducted. Once developed, the questionnaire was pre-tested before the quantitative central study survey was administered. Cronbach's alpha was used to indicate reliability of scales, where a minimum α coefficient of.7 is considered acceptable. In the quantitative survey, the TRQ-SA had the following results: α =.74 was achieved for the attitude towards reporting scale, α =.78 for the subjective norm scale, α =.74 for the perceived behavioral control scale and α =.79 for the intention to report scale. The TRQ-SA achieved good internal consistency for all its TPB scales. The TRQ-SA is a valid and reliable survey instrument which could be used "as is" or amended in similar settings and countries testing the TPB in their own contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]