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Enterprise management has always been a hot issue in society. In today's society, enterprises are no longer individuals cut off from society and no longer have profit as their sole purpose, but need to exist and develop in combination with social information. With the increasing competition among enterprises, the original enterprise management methods can no longer meet the needs of sustainable development of enterprises, nor can they effectively utilize social data. To better understand the daily emotions of corporate workers, we use a multimodal emotion recognition method in this paper. Multimodal emotion recognition refers to the recognition of human emotional states through different modal information such as speech, visual, and text related to human emotional expressions, which has important research significance in the fields of human-computer interaction, artificial intelligence, and emotional computing and has received much attention from researchers. Given the great success of deep learning methods developed in recent years for various tasks, various deep neural networks are now used to learn high-level representations of emotional features for multimodal emotion recognition. The analysis of employee sentiment is complemented by traditional management methods that make full use of social data. In this paper, based on the study of a single enterprise management model, the proposed model contains five substructure modules, starting with feature inputs, extracting features at different levels through three convolutional modules and outputting recognition results through a softmax classifier. The focus is on how to utilize social data, while combining deep learning with traditional enterprise management methods to fill the research gap in this area in academia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a global disease characterized by poor treatment outcomes and high recurrence rates, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Due to its complex pathophysiology and diverse clinical presentations, CRS is categorized into various subtypes to facilitate more precise diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction. Among these, CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is further divided into eosinophilic CRSwNP (eCRSwNP) and noneosinophilic CRSwNP (non‐eCRSwNP). However, there is a lack of precise predictive diagnostic and treatment methods, making research into accurate diagnostic techniques for CRSwNP endotypes crucial for achieving precision medicine in CRSwNP. This paper proposes a method using multiangle sinus computed tomography (CT) images combined with artificial intelligence (AI) to predict CRSwNP endotypes, distinguishing between patients with eCRSwNP and non‐eCRSwNP. The considered dataset comprises 22,265 CT images from 192 CRSwNP patients, including 13,203 images from non‐eCRSwNP patients and 9,062 images from eCRSwNP patients. Test results from the network model demonstrate that multiangle images provide more useful information for the network, achieving an accuracy of 98.43%, precision of 98.1%, recall of 98.1%, specificity of 98.7%, and an AUC value of 0.984. Compared to the limited learning capacity of single‐channel neural networks, our proposed multichannel feature adaptive fusion model captures multiscale spatial features, enhancing the model's focus on crucial sinus information within the CT images to maximize detection accuracy. This deep learning‐based diagnostic model for CRSwNP endotypes offers excellent classification performance, providing a noninvasive method for accurately predicting CRSwNP endotypes before treatment and paving the way for precision medicine in the new era of CRSwNP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and deep learning in recent years, many universities have put forward the goal of achieving digitalization, intelligent, and education informatization on campus. Throughout the lecture and learning process, the classroom status is an important reference factor to assess students' acceptance of the course and the quality of lectures. However, at present, classroom status analysis is mainly conducted manually, which can distract teachers' attention, so it is of great research significance to find a method that can improve the efficiency of classroom status analysis. In this paper, we choose an offline method to analyze the status of a classroom video recording in terms of students' behavior and attendance in terms of frames, in which student behavior is identified by an improved target detection algorithm and attendance is analyzed by face recognition. By analyzing the structure of the neural network model, an improved neural network model is proposed for its characteristics of a large number of parameters and poor detection of small targets in the basic network. The backbone network is replaced by the improved neural network, and the depth-separable convolutional network is used to reduce the network parameters and increase the computation speed. The information in the deeper feature map is fused upward into the shallow layer to improve the accuracy of small target recognition. Finally, the optimization algorithm is incorporated into the network to optimize the network model and accelerate the model convergence speed. In addition, this paper incorporates the improved behavior recognition method and face recognition method into the system to realize the analysis of the offline classroom status. The system is divided into a teacher side and a management side, where the teacher side is responsible for uploading course recordings and the management side is responsible for randomly analyzing students' status and attendance at any time, and the combination of the two forms a convenient and comprehensive classroom status analysis system platform. Users can upload classroom videos through the instructor interface and can view the classroom status analysis results of a course at any time by searching randomly in the administration. In this paper, the classroom status is mainly judged by the recognition of students' behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As China's economic level and industrial volume continue to develop and expand, the traditional methods of business management and resource scheduling demonstrate significant limitations and misalignments with China's daily economic activities. Traditional industrial and commercial management resource scheduling is highly reliant on manual labor. When confronted with the requirements of large-scale project management, the pure manual mode cannot track the real-time progress of the project flexibly, effectively, and in a timely manner, resulting in the inability to complete the corresponding resource-scheduling work efficiently, which will affect the overall operation progress of the project. Deep neural networks have a high-application potential for solving extremely complex and highly nonlinear optimization problems. Artificial intelligence and deep learning research have advanced at a rapid pace over the past few decades, thanks to the efforts of numerous researchers. Combined with GPU technology, the deep learning framework can provide an extremely complex optimization problem with a practical and feasible optimization scheme and corresponding solution path in a very short amount of time. Therefore, this paper explores the potential application of deep learning technology to industrial and commercial resource-scheduling management. By analyzing the benefits of deep learning technology and the bottleneck issues of existing industrial and commercial resource scheduling, a real-time optimized industrial and commercial resource-scheduling model based on deep learning technology is developed. The model is evaluated using the respective data set. The test results demonstrate that the resource-scheduling model proposed in this paper has strong real-time and high-operation efficiency and can assist engineers in completing the corresponding resource-scheduling tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facial expression recognition technology has been more and more in demand in security, entertainment, education, medical, and other domains as artificial intelligence has advanced, and face expression recognition technology based on deep learning has become one of the research hotspots. However, there are still some issues with the existing deep learning convolutional neural network; the feature extraction technique has to be improved, and the design of the detailed network structure needs to be optimized. It is critical to do more research on the deep learning convolutional neural network model in order to increase the accuracy of face facial expression detection. In this paper, a deep learning convolutional neural network structure combining VGG16 convolutional neural network and long and short-term memory networks is designed to address the shortcomings of existing deep learning methods in face expression recognition, which are prone to overfitting and gradient disappearance, resulting in low test accuracy. This structure easily and effectively collects facial expression information and then classifies the retrieved features using a support vector machine to detect face expressions. Finally, the fer2013 dataset is used to train face expression recognition, and the results demonstrate that the built deep convolutional neural network model can effectively increase face expression identification accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oral English test in domestic universities requires teachers to modify a large number of candidates' oral recordings. This is the work of using time repeatedly. Using the CALL system to realize the automation of conversation recording can reduce the burden of teachers' work. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop an automatic and accurate scoring system for oral English. With the development of artificial intelligence, deep learning technology has been gradually applied in various fields. Similarly, in the application of oral scoring, deep learning technology makes the implementation of such a system possible. Based on the deep learning technology, this paper proposes an automatic scoring algorithm for spoken language and implements a detailed design and evaluation system. The system consists of two modules. The pronunciation standard of spoken pronunciation and the content of spoken pronunciation are scored, and the sum of these two scores is the final score. Finally, this paper uses 650 oral English recordings from a college English test to train the artificial neural network. Experimental results show that if the training data set is small, the BP network model can obtain better comprehensive evaluation performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the simulation of special effects animation through fluid equations and data-driven methods. This paper also considers the needs of computer fluid animation simulation in terms of computational accuracy and simulation efficiency, takes high real-time, high interactivity, and high physical accuracy of simulation algorithm as the research focus and target, and proposes a solution algorithm and acceleration scheme based on deep neural network framework for the key problems of simulation of natural phenomena including smoke and liquid. With the deep development of artificial intelligence technology, deep neural network models are widely used in research fields such as computer image classification, speech recognition, and fluid detail synthesis with their powerful data learning capability. Its stable and efficient computational model provides a new problem-solving approach for computerized fluid animation simulation. In terms of time series reconstruction, this paper adopts a tracking-based reconstruction method, including target tracking, 2D trajectory fitting and repair, and 3D trajectory reconstruction. For continuous image sequences, a linear dynamic model algorithm based on pyramidal optical flow is used to track the feature centers of the objects, and the spatial coordinates and motion parameters of the feature points are obtained by reconstructing the motion trajectories. The experimental results show that in terms of spatial reconstruction, the matching method proposed in this paper is more accurate compared with the traditional stereo matching algorithm; in terms of time series reconstruction, the error of target tracking reduced. Finally, the 3D motion trajectory of the point feature object and the motion pattern at a certain moment are shown, and the method in this paper obtains more ideal results, which proves the effectiveness of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following: (1) Security machine learning modelling and architecture (2) Secure multiparty computation techniques for machine learning (3) Attacks against machine learning (4) Machine learning threat intelligence (5) Machine learning for cybersecurity (6) Machine learning for intrusion detection and response (7) Machine learning for multimedia data security (8) Machine learning for public safety After a thorough review process, this special issue has selected a set of eight papers to provide new insights on the abovementioned research areas. Machine learning (ML) has recently gained a renewed interest as the technology powering it has become more widely available and accessible to organizations of all sizes. [Extracted from the article]

As a member of the oldest art family of human beings, drama is also a very important part of human civilization. With the development of technology, more and more types of drama film and television appear. In today's society, bad films and commercial films are emerging one after another. The intervention of capital has brought a very poor experience to moviegoers and is not conducive to the development of the entire field of drama and film. The further development and scientific promotion of the field of drama film and television has become a relatively important issue. In this context, this paper takes this as the starting point, integrates big data and artificial intelligence algorithms, and aims to analyze the promotion and influence in the field of drama and film. It has existed for a long time in the fields of physics, biology, environmental ecology, and other industries such as military, finance, and communication, but it has attracted people's attention due to the development of the Internet and information industry in recent years. The article introduces the transition of the mainland film system and the manifestations of conflict in plot art and film and television plots. It uses the convolutional neural network algorithm in deep learning to build the system. This paper adopts an online survey, distributes it to moviegoers nationwide, and collects 4,000 valid samples for analysis of moviegoers' occupation and monthly income. In terms of the occupational distribution of the audience, the proportion of white-collar workers in the company is the highest at 40%, the student group only accounts for 17.4%, and the retired worker group accounts for the smallest proportion, at 0.6%. To sum up, the structure of Chinese films has shifted from a younger, student-dominated, middle-income group to a mature, workplace-oriented, middle- and high-income group. It has successfully completed the analysis of the promotion and impact of big data and artificial intelligence in the field of drama, film, and television. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The annotated dataset is an essential requirement to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) system effectively and expect the generalization of the predictive models and to avoid overfitting. Lack of the training data is a big barrier so that AI systems can broaden in several domains which have no or missing training data. Building these datasets is a tedious and expensive task and depends on the domains and languages. This is especially a big challenge for low-resource languages. In this paper, we experiment and evaluate many various approaches on sentiment analysis problems so that they can still obtain high performances under limited training data. This paper uses the preprocessing techniques to clean and normalize the data and generate the new samples from the limited training dataset based on many text augmentation techniques such as lexicon substitution, sentence shuffling, back translation, syntax-tree transformation, and embedding mixup. Several experiments have been performed for both well-known machine learning-based classifiers and deep learning models. We compare, analyze, and evaluate the results to indicate the advantage and disadvantage points of the techniques for each approach. The experimental results show that the data augmentation techniques enhance the accuracy of the predictive models; this promises that smart systems can be applied widely in several domains under limited training data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moving target detection and tracking technology is the core technology in the field of computer vision. It integrates image processing, pattern recognition and intelligence, and artificial intelligence and automatic control are the keys to an intelligent video surveillance system. The method acquires video image signals through visible light or infrared sensors, performs digital image processing on the video images, detects moving targets, and then extracts moving targets for target recognition. Then, the moving target is predicted and tracked according to the image features and spatiotemporal features, and the contour shape, position, and motion trajectory of the target are obtained, which provides data support for subsequent tasks. This paper uses the convolutional neural network model HyperNet as the technical support to study the deep learning (DL) tennis video target extraction. The final experimental results show that the loss value of the loss function in the training process of this method is stably maintained between 1.5% and 2.5%, and the speed performance is also greatly improved. The number of boxes for extracting candidate regions is significantly reduced, the calculation time for each frame will not exceed 1.8 s, the orientation accuracy of target extraction is 96.32%, and the size accuracy is 91.05%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is aimed at studying the legal regulation of artificial intelligence and edge computing automated decision-making risks in wireless network communications. The data under artificial intelligence is full of flexibility and vitality, which has changed the way of data existence in the whole society. Its core is various algorithm programs, which determine the existence of artificial intelligence. In this environment, society develops rapidly with unstoppable momentum. However, from a legal perspective, artificial intelligence has algorithmic discrimination, such as gender discrimination, clothing discrimination, and racial discrimination. It does not possess openness, objectivity, and accountability. The consequences are sometimes serious enough to endanger the public interest of the entire society, leading to market disorder, etc. Therefore, the problem of artificial intelligence algorithm discrimination remains to be solved. This article uses algorithms to adjust algorithm discrimination to reduce the harm caused by artificial intelligence algorithm discrimination to a certain extent. First of all, this article introduces a regulatory-based edge cloud computing architecture model. It is mentioned that distributed cloud computing can use subsystems to calculate various resources and storage resources and can make automated decisions when calculating certain data. In order to reduce the impact of algorithm discrimination and trigger data diversification to reduce the probability of discrimination, an edge computing network data capture system is designed. And this article mentions the BP neural network model. The BP neural network model is divided into input layer, output layer, and hidden layer. The training samples are passed from the input layer to the output layer through the hidden layer. If the output information does not meet expectations, the error will be back-propagated, and the connection weight will be adjusted continuously. This paper proposes a deep learning system model in real-time artificial intelligence driven by edge computing. When this model is applied to legal regulations, it can cooperate with edge computing and artificial intelligence algorithms to provide high-precision automated decision-making. Finally, this paper designs an artificial intelligence-assisted automated decision-making experiment based on the theory of legal computing. This paper proposes a Bayesian algorithm that uses edge algorithms to merge into artificial intelligence and verifies the feasibility of this hypothesis through experiments. The experimental results show that it has a certain ability to regulate algorithmic discrimination caused by artificial intelligence in legal regulations. It can improve the regulatory effects of laws and regulations to a certain extent, and the improved artificial intelligence Bayesian algorithm clustering effect of edge computing is increased by about 7.2%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of drug design and discovery, learning informative representations of molecules is becoming crucial for those AI-driven tasks. In recent years, the graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as a preferred choice of deep learning architecture and have been successfully applied to molecular representation learning (MRL). Up-to-date MRL methods directly apply the message passing mechanism on the atom-level attributes (i.e., atoms and bonds) of molecules. However, they neglect latent yet significant hyperstructured knowledge, such as the information of pharmacophore or functional class. Hence, in this paper, we propose Hyper-Mol, a new MRL framework that applies GNNs to encode hypergraph structures of molecules via fingerprint-based features. Hyper-Mol explores the hyperstructured knowledge and the latent relationships of the fingerprint substructures from a hypergraph perspective. The molecular hypergraph generation algorithm is designed to depict the hyperstructured information with the physical and chemical characteristics of molecules. Thus, the fingerprint-level message passing process can encode both the intra-structured and inter-structured information of fingerprint substructures according to the molecular hypergraphs. We evaluate Hyper-Mol on molecular property prediction tasks, and the experimental results on real-world benchmarks show that Hyper-Mol can learn comprehensive hyperstructured knowledge of molecules and is superior to the state-of-the-art baselines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forecasting electricity load demand is critical for power system planning and energy management. In particular, accurate short-term load forecasting (STLF), which focuses on the lead time horizon of few minutes to one week ahead, can help in better load scheduling, unit commitment, and cost-effective operation of smart power grids. In the last decade, different artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques and metaheuristic algorithms have been utilized for STLF by the researchers and scientists with varying degrees of accuracy and efficacy. Despite the benefits of implemented methods for STLF, many drawbacks and associated problems have also been observed and reported by the researchers. This paper provides a comprehensive review of hybrid deep learning models based on nature-inspired metaheuristic techniques for STLF with respect to the analysis of the results and accuracy. Moreover, it also provides the research findings and gaps that will assist the researchers to have an early awareness of all important benefits and drawbacks of these integrated STLF methods scientifically and systematically. Especially, the hybrid forecast models using artificial intelligence-based methods for smart grids are focused. Several performance indices are used to compare and report the accuracy of these techniques including mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Multiple other parametric and exogenous variable details have also been focused to figure out the potential of the intelligent load forecasting techniques from the perspective of smart power grids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A scoring approach of business English oral training based on a deep neural network is put forward. Based on speech recognition technology, automatic correction technology, deep learning technology, machine learning technology, and the scoring data of business English oral training generated by the general computerized examination platform system, this paper uses the audio data of students' oral expression questions collected by the existing general computerized examination platform, and studies artificial intelligence technology, deep learning technology, and machine learning technology to train the intelligent scoring system, it realizes the intelligent scoring of oral expression questions, which plays a positive role in language training guidance and correction. Finally, the accuracy of the intelligent scoring system is verified by the correlation between the score of the intelligent scoring system and the manual score of teachers. The higher the correlation with manual scoring, the higher the scoring accuracy of the intelligent scoring system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Object detection is to identify objects and then find some objects of interest. With the development of computers, target detection has evolved from traditional detection methods to artificial intelligence methods, and the latter are mainly based on some algorithms of deep learning. This paper mainly tests the treated sewage. First, the neural network and convolutional neural network algorithms in deep learning are studied, and then a target detection system is built based on these two algorithms. Finally, the treated sewage is detected and then compared with that of the traditional target detection system. The experimental results show that the target detection system of the convolutional neural network algorithm has a very stable recognition rate for the treated sewage, swinging around 70%, and the amplitude is not large. However, the target detection system of the neural network algorithm is not very stable in the recognition rate of the treated sewage, and the recognition rate is about 60%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unused hotel rooms, unused event tickets, and unsold items are all examples of wasted expenses and earnings. Governments require accurate tourism demand forecasting in order to make informed decisions on topics such as infrastructure development and lodging site planning; therefore, accurate tourism demand forecasting becomes vital. Artificial intelligence (AI) models such as neural networks and security violation report (SVR) have been used effectively in tourist demand forecasting as a result of the fast advancement of AI. This paper constructs a tourism demand forecasting model based on machine learning on the basis of the existing forecasting model research. The completed work is as follows: (1) It introduces a large number of domestic and foreign literatures on tourism volume forecasting and proposes the research content of this paper. (2) It is proposed to stack the long short-term memory- (LSTM-) based autoencoders deeply, by adopting a hierarchical greedy pretraining method to replace the random weight initialization method used in the deep network and combining this pretraining stage and fine-tuning network together to form the SAE-LSTM prediction model for improving the performance of deep learning models. (3) This paper uses the monthly search engine strength data of city A's monthly tourist volume and its related influencing factors as the data set; processes the data set to make the model adapt to the data input; uses mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), MAPE, and other model evaluation indicators; and uses LSTM and the constructed SAE-LSTM model to conduct comparative experiments to predict the number of tourist arrivals in four years. The prediction results of the models proposed in this paper are better than those of the LSTM model. According to the experimental results, the superiority of the proposed LSTM-based unsupervised pretraining method is demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's era, online teaching plays an important part in the college English teaching. Deep learning, famous for its ability of imitating the learning process of human brains and obtaining the internal essential features or rules of voice, videos, images, and other data, can be applied to assist and improve the college English online teaching which involves a wide use of those data. Based on the combination of the multilayer neural network model and the k-means clustering algorithm, this paper designs a kind of deep learning method that can be used to assist and improve the college English online teaching. Experiments were designed to test the reliability of this deep learning method. The results show that the optimization algorithm designed in this paper, which can adjust the learning rate, will improve the common probability gradient descent algorithm. Besides, it is proved that the deep learning's efficiency of the CNN model is significantly higher than that of the MLP model. With the help of this deep learning method, it becomes feasible to apply the technologies related to the artificial intelligence to help teachers deeply analyze and diagnose students' English learning behavior, replace the teachers in part to answer students' questions in time, and automatically grade assignments in the process of the college English online teaching. Surveys and exams were then conducted to evaluate the effect of the application of the college English online teaching model based on deep learning on the students' learning cognition and their academic performance. The results show that the college English online teaching model based on deep learning can stimulate students' learning motivation and improve their academic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, deep learning, as a very popular artificial intelligence method, can be said to be a small area in the field of image recognition. It is a type of machine learning, actually derived from artificial neural networks, and is a method used to learn the characteristics of sample data. It is a multilayer network, which can learn the information from the bottom to the top of the image through the multilayer network, so as to extract the characteristics of the sample, and then perform identification and classification. The purpose of deep learning is to make the machine have the same analytical and learning capabilities as the human brain. The ability of deep learning in data processing (including images) is unmatched by other methods, and its achievements in recent years have left other methods behind. This article comprehensively reviews the application research progress of deep convolutional neural networks in ancient Chinese pattern restoration and mainly focuses on the research based on deep convolutional neural networks. The main tasks are as follows: (1) a detailed and comprehensive introduction to the basic knowledge of deep convolutional neural and a summary of related algorithms along the three directions of text preprocessing, learning, and neural networks are provided. This article focuses on the related mechanism of traditional pattern repair based on deep convolutional neural network and analyzes the key structure and principle. (2) Research on image restoration models based on deep convolutional networks and adversarial neural networks is carried out. The model is mainly composed of four parts, namely, information masking, feature extraction, generating network, and discriminant network. The main functions of each part are independent and interdependent. (3) The method based on the deep convolutional neural network and the other two methods are tested on the same part of the Qinghai traditional embroidery image data set. From the final evaluation index of the experiment, the method in this paper has better evaluation index than the traditional image restoration method based on samples and the image restoration method based on deep learning. In addition, from the actual image restoration effect, the method in this paper has a better image restoration effect than the other two methods, and the restoration results produced are more in line with the habit of human observation with the naked eye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is an important unit for the rescue of critically ill patients in hospitals, and patient mortality is an important indicator to measure the level of ICU treatment. Currently, a variety of clinical scoring systems are used to evaluate the patient's condition and predict survival, but these systems require a lot of resources. However, due to the rapid development of artificial intelligence and deep learning, machine learning based methods have been used to study the survival prediction of ICU patients. Additionally, these methods have made significant progress, but there is still a distance from clinical application, and equally metric interpretability of the deep learning method is not very mature. Therefore, in this paper, we have proposed a predicting model for the life and death of ICU patients, which is primarily based on the Fuzzy ARTMAP model. With a thorough analysis of the existing ICU patient condition assessment and life and death prediction methods, we have observed that patient's ICU monitoring information performs integrated analysis and extracts features according to the clinical characteristics of physiological indicators. Finally, fuzzy ARTMAP neural network is used to predict the life and death of patients. Likewise, prediction results are combined with the clinical scoring system and logistic regression, artificial neural network, support vector machine, and AdaBoost. Experimental results of these algorithms were compared, which verifies that the proposed method has outperformed the existing model. The main purpose of the proposed mode is to design a life and death prediction method for ICU patients, which has high predictive performance and is an acceptable method for clinical medical staff, where ICU monitoring data is used. Experimental results show that the method proposed has achieved better prediction performance and accuracy ratio, which provide theoretical reference for clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. This comprehensive review is aimed at evaluating the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of artificial intelligence in endodontic dentistry. Introduction. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a relatively new technology that has widespread use in dentistry. The AI technologies have primarily been used in dentistry to diagnose dental diseases, plan treatment, make clinical decisions, and predict the prognosis. AI models like convolutional neural networks (CNN) and artificial neural networks (ANN) have been used in endodontics to study root canal system anatomy, determine working length measurements, detect periapical lesions and root fractures, predict the success of retreatment procedures, and predict the viability of dental pulp stem cells. Methodology. The literature was searched in electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus, published over the last four decades (January 1980 to September 15, 2021) by using keywords such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, application, endodontics, and dentistry. Results. The preliminary search yielded 2560 articles relevant enough to the paper's purpose. A total of 88 articles met the eligibility criteria. The majority of research on AI application in endodontics has concentrated on tracing apical foramen, verifying the working length, projection of periapical pathologies, root morphologies, and retreatment predictions and discovering the vertical root fractures. Conclusion. In endodontics, AI displayed accuracy in terms of diagnostic and prognostic evaluations. The use of AI can help enhance the treatment plan, which in turn can lead to an increase in the success rate of endodontic treatment outcomes. The AI is used extensively in endodontics and could help in clinical applications, such as detecting root fractures, periapical pathologies, determining working length, tracing apical foramen, the morphology of root, and disease prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Load training is an important part of the daily training of aerobics athletes. Therefore, the research on the characteristics of aerobics movement of athletes in load training has been paid extensive attention by teaching units. Deep learning algorithm in artificial intelligence algorithm is used to study the characteristics of calisthenics teaching and training, which is a beneficial exploration to improve the scientific of calisthenics training programs. The basic principles of the neural network algorithm and implementation process are described. After the basic structure and characteristics of the network are analyzed, a comprehensive solution to optimize and improve the regularized deep belief network algorithm is proposed. The results show that compared with other learning algorithms, the feature classification error rate of the optimized regularized deep belief network algorithm is 6% lower than that of other algorithms. Although the training speed of the model decreases, the convergence period of the deep neural network algorithm can better achieve the extraction accuracy of abstract features of training data when the deep learning period increases. Being less affected by input parameters, the algorithm will have better stability and be more conducive to extracting the features favorable to classification. In the field of deep learning, the advantages of the deep neural networks can effectively classify the training characteristics of aerobics athletes and provide scientific decision-making basis for subsequent teaching and training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the musical courses have been quite prevalent spiritual activities in online or offline scenarios. However, the teaching quality is diverse and cannot be easily assessed by general nonprofessional audience. Limited by the amount of experts, it is supposed to investigate intelligent mechanisms that can automatically assess the teaching quality of musical courses. To deal with such issue, the combination of artificial intelligence and conventional music knowledge acts as a promising way. In this work, a fuzzy multicriteria assessment mechanism is used towards musical courses with the use of a typical deep learning model: convolutional neural network (CNN). Specifically, note that features inside the musical symbol sequences are expected to be extracted by residual CNN structure. Next, multilevel features inside the musical notes are further fused with neural computing structure, so that feature abstraction of initial musical objects can be further improved. On this basis, notes can be identified with use of bidirectional recurrent unit structure in order to speed up fitting efficiency of the whole assessment framework. Comprehensive experimental analysis is conducted by comparing the proposed method with several baseline methods, showing a good performance effect of the proposal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a deep learning-based method that corrects motion artifacts and thus accelerates data acquisition and reconstruction of magnetic resonance images. The novel model, the Motion Artifact Correction by Swin Network (MACS-Net), uses a Swin transformer layer as the fundamental block and the Unet architecture as the neural network backbone. We employ a hierarchical transformer with shifted windows to extract multiscale contextual features during encoding. A new dual upsampling technique is employed to enhance the spatial resolutions of feature maps in the Swin transformer-based decoder layer. A raw magnetic resonance imaging dataset is used for network training and testing; the data contain various motion artifacts with ground truth images of the same subjects. The results were compared to six state-of-the-art MRI image motion correction methods using two types of motions. When motions were brief (within 5 s), the method reduced the average normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) from 45.25% to 17.51%, increased the mean structural similarity index measure (SSIM) from 79.43% to 91.72%, and increased the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) from 18.24 to 26.57 dB. Similarly, when motions were extended from 5 to 10 s, our approach decreased the average NRMSE from 60.30% to 21.04%, improved the mean SSIM from 33.86% to 90.33%, and increased the PSNR from 15.64 to 24.99 dB. The anatomical structures of the corrected images and the motion-free brain data were similar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Malignant mesothelioma (MM)" is an uncommon although fatal form of cancer. The proper MM diagnosis is crucial for efficient therapy and has significant medicolegal implications. Asbestos is a carcinogenic material that poses a health risk to humans. One of the most severe types of cancer induced by asbestos is "malignant mesothelioma." Prolonged shortness of breath and continuous pain are the most typical symptoms of the condition. The importance of early treatment and diagnosis cannot be overstated. The combination "epithelial/mesenchymal appearance of MM," however, makes a definite diagnosis difficult. This study is aimed at developing a deep learning system for medical diagnosis MM automatically. Otherwise, the sickness might cause patients to succumb to death in a short amount of time. Various forms of artificial intelligence algorithms for successful "Malignant Mesothelioma illness" identification are explored in this research. In relation to the concept of traditional machine learning, the techniques support "Vector Machine, Neural Network, and Decision Tree" are chosen. SPSS has been used to analyze the result regarding the applications of Neural Network helps to diagnose MM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep learning techniques based on the neural network have made significant achievements in various fields of artificial intelligence. However, model training requires large‐scale data sets, these data sets are crowd‐sourced and model parameters will contain the encoding of private information, resulting in the risk of privacy leakage. With the trend toward sharing pretrained models, the risk of stealing training data sets through member inference attacks and model inversion attacks is further heightened. To tackle the privacy‐preserving problems in deep learning tasks, we propose an improved Differential Privacy Stochastic Gradient Descent algorithm, using Simulated Annealing algorithm and Laplace Smooth denoising mechanism to optimize the allocation method of privacy loss, replacing the constant clipping method with adaptive gradient clipping method to improve model accuracy. we also analyze privacy cost under random shuffle data batch processing method in detail within the framework of Subsampled Rényi Differential Privacy. Compared with the existing privacy protection training methods with fixed parameters and dynamic privacy parameters in classification tasks, our implementation and experiments show that we can use less privacy budget train deep neural networks with the nonconvex objective function, obtain a higher model evaluation, and have almost zero additional cost in terms of model complexity, training efficiency, and model quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the prevalence of cognitive diseases, the health industry is facing newer challenges since cognitive health deteriorates gradually over time, and clear signs and symptoms appear when it is too late. Smart homes and the IoT (Internet of Things) have given hope to the health industry to monitor and manage the elderly and the less-abled in the comfort of their homes. Smart homes have been most influential in detecting and managing cognitive diseases like dementia. They can give a comprehensive view of the ADL (Activities of Daily Living) of dementia patients. ADLs are categorized as activities of daily life and complex interwoven activities. First signs of cognitive decline appear when a cognitively impaired individual tries to perform complex activities involving planning, analyzing, calculating, and decision making. Therefore, we analyze individuals' performance while performing complex activities as opposed to Simple ADL. Artificial Intelligence has been one of health-care's most promising techniques for prediction and diagnosis. When applied to ADL data, machine learning and deep learning algorithms can conveniently and accurately analyze activity patterns and predict the first signs of cognitive decline. Our proposed work uses machine and deep learning classifiers to classify dementia and healthy individuals by analyzing complex interwoven activity data. We use the subset of the CASAS (Centre of Advanced Studies in Adaptive Systems) dataset for eight complex activities performed by 179 individuals in a smart home setting. decision tree, Naive Bayes, support vector, multilayer perceptron classifiers, and deep neural networks have been used for classification. Their results and performances are compared to determine the best classifier. It is observed that deep neural networks and multilayer perceptron show the best results for classifying dementia vs. healthy individuals when evaluating their complex interwoven activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid growth of artificial intelligence technology has been deployed in art teaching and learning. Radial basis function (RBF) networks have a completely different design compared to most neural network architectures. Most neural networks consist of multiple layers that can introduce nonlinearity by repetitive application of nonlinear activation functions. In this research, people will study the application of the RBF neural network model based on deep learning in flower pattern design in art teaching. The image classification process is finding and labeling groups of pixels or vectors inside an image based on rules. Deep learning is a type of machine learning that uses artificial neural networks to replicate the structure and function of the human brain. The proposed model uses the RBF neural network-based deep learning model in flower pattern design in art teaching and provides efficient results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industry 4.0 is the next revolution in manufacturing technology that is going to change the production and distribution of goods and services within the following decade. Powered by different enabling technologies that are also being developed simultaneously, it has the potential to create radical changes in our societies such as by giving rise to highly-integrated smart cities. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is one of the main areas of development for Industry 4.0. These IIoT devices are used in mission-critical sectors such as the manufacturing industry, power generation, and healthcare management. However, smart factories and cities can only function when threats to cyber security, data privacy, and information integrity are properly managed. In this regard, securing IIoT devices and their networks is vital to preserving data and privacy. The use of artificial intelligence is an enabler for more secure IIoT systems. In this study, we propose high-performing deep learning models for the classification of botnet attacks that commonly affect IIoT devices and networks. Evaluation of results shows that deep learning models such as the artificial neural network (ANN), the long short-term memory (LSTM), and the gated recurrent unit (GRU) can successfully be used for classifications of IIoT malware attacks with an accuracy of up to 99 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients suffering from severe depression may be precisely assessed using online EEG categorization and their progress tracked over time, minimizing the risk of danger and suicide. Online EEG categorization systems, on the other hand, suffer additional challenges in the absence of empirical oversight. A lack of effective decoupling between brain regions and neural networks occurs during brain disease attacks, resulting in EEG data with poor signal intensity, high noise, and nonstationary characteristics. CNN employs momentum SGD optimization. By using a tiny momentum decay factor, the literature's starting strategy, and the same batch normalization, this work attempts to decrease model error. Before being utilized to form a training set, samples are shuffled, followed by validation and testing on the new samples in the set. An online EEG categorization system driven by a convolution neural network has been developed to do this. The approach is applied directly to the EEG input and is able to accurately and quickly identify depressed states without the need for preprocessing or feature extraction. The healthy control group and the depression control group had accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 99.08 percent, 98.77 percent, and 99.42 percent, respectively, in experiments on depression evaluation based on publicly accessible data. The machine learning technique based on feature extraction is often getting more and more complex, making it only suited for offline EEG categorization. While neural networks have become increasingly important in the study of artificial intelligence in recent years, they are still essentially black-box function approximations with limited interpretability. In addition, quantitative study of the neural network shows that depressed patients and healthy persons have remarkable dissimilarity between the right and left temporal lobe brain regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid advancement of information technology, artificial intelligence and machine learning have become the central technology tools for information sharing. To speed up the efficiency of information resource transmission of national government departments and improve the informatization level of government social management and public service systems, the persona system is designed using an artificial neural network, and a social service and management resource pool system is developed. The behavior data randomly generated by users in daily life is collected and cleaned, and training samples are extracted for training an artificial neural network. Next, the demographic attribute tags and interest tags are modelled, and the social service and management resource pool system is built and tested. Results show that for the population attribute label construction, the index value using the app name is mapped to 0 or 1, and the sample sampling ratio is set to 1.0. The proposed model achieved the overall accuracies of 85.2%, 74.5%, and 99.0% for the prediction of constructed age, academic qualifications, and interest label, respectively. The constructed system greatly deepens the visualization of the characteristics of social governance elements. The system can enhance the level of resource sharing by government departments and provide the foundation for spatial decision-making in smart social governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 is a fatal disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that has caused around 5.3 Million deaths globally as of December 2021. The detection of this disease is a time taking process that have worsen the situation around the globe, and the disease has been identified as a world pandemic by the WHO. Deep learning-based approaches are being widely used to diagnose the COVID-19 cases, but the limitation of immensity in the publicly available dataset causes the problem of model over-fitting. Modern artificial intelligence-based techniques can be used to increase the dataset to avoid from the over-fitting problem. This research work presents the use of various deep learning models along with the state-of-the-art augmentation methods, namely, classical and generative adversarial network- (GAN-) based data augmentation. Furthermore, four existing deep convolutional networks, namely, DenseNet-121, InceptionV3, Xception, and ResNet101 have been used for the detection of the virus in X-ray images after training on augmented dataset. Additionally, we have also proposed a novel convolutional neural network (QuNet) to improve the COVID-19 detection. The comparative analysis of achieved results reflects that both QuNet and Xception achieved high accuracy with classical augmented dataset, whereas QuNet has also outperformed and delivered 90% detection accuracy with GAN-based augmented dataset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The word radiomics, like all domains of type omics, assumes the existence of a large amount of data. Using artificial intelligence, in particular, different machine learning techniques, is a necessary step for better data exploitation. Classically, researchers in this field of radiomics have used conventional machine learning techniques (random forest, for example). More recently, deep learning, a subdomain of machine learning, has emerged. Its applications are increasing, and the results obtained so far have demonstrated their remarkable effectiveness. Several previous studies have explored the potential applications of radiomics in colorectal cancer. These potential applications can be grouped into several categories like evaluation of the reproducibility of texture data, prediction of response to treatment, prediction of the occurrence of metastases, and prediction of survival. Few studies, however, have explored the potential of radiomics in predicting recurrence-free survival. In this study, we evaluated and compared six conventional learning models and a deep learning model, based on MRI textural analysis of patients with locally advanced rectal tumours, correlated with the risk of recidivism; in traditional learning, we compared 2D image analysis models vs. 3D image analysis models, models based on a textural analysis of the tumour versus models taking into account the peritumoural environment in addition to the tumour itself. In deep learning, we built a 16-layer convolutional neural network model, driven by a 2D MRI image database comprising both the native images and the bounding box corresponding to each image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]