23 results
Search Results
2. A science and management partnership to restore coregonine diversity to the Laurentian Great Lakes.
- Author
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Bunnell, David B., Ackiss, Amanda S., Alofs, Karen M., Brant, Cory O., Bronte, Charles R., Claramunt, Randall M., Dettmers, John M., Honsey, Andrew E., Mandrak, Nicholas E., Muir, Andrew M., Santucci Jr, Victor J., Smith, David R., Strach, Russell M., Sweka, John A., Weidel, Brian C., Mattes, William P., and Newman, Kurt R.
- Subjects
- *
MANAGEMENT science , *ADAPTIVE natural resource management , *FISHERY management , *BIOLOGICAL extinction , *LAKES , *INDIGENOUS fishes , *FRESHWATER biodiversity , *FRESHWATER habitats - Abstract
Similar to many freshwater ecosystems, the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America have undergone numerous anthropogenic stressors resulting in considerable loss of biodiversity and habitat. Among Great Lakes fishes, the coregonine sub-family has endured the most extensive declines, including extinction of several species (Coregonus johannae, C. alpenae, and C. kiyi orientalis) and at least 10 instances of local extirpations of other species (C. nigripinnis, C. reighardi, C. zenithicus, C. hoyi, and C. artedi) across all 5 lakes, much of which occurred prior to the 1960s owing to overfishing, interactions with non-indigenous species, and habitat loss. Despite these declines, no federal-, provincial-, or state-mandated actions were ever implemented to conserve coregonine diversity, potentially because so much of the coregonine declines occurred prior to the enactment of federal conservation legislation. Possible explanations for inaction since enactment of that legislation include insufficient data on biological vulnerability or threats, unresolved taxonomy, and limited support from the fishery management agencies and their stakeholders prior to the 2000s. In recent decades, however, several fishery management agencies have undertaken efforts to re-introduce coregonine diversity. These efforts helped lead to development of a science-based framework to restore coregonines that was universally endorsed by fishery managers representing eight U.S. states, four U.S. tribal organizations, and the province of ON, Canada, in May 2018. The basin-wide framework is based on principles of conservation biology and adaptive management. We describe details of its key steps, including planning, restoring, and evaluating, while also describing recent implementation efforts to develop methods, improve available resources, and enhance coordination across the basin. Although our paper describes a regional effort to restore native coregonines, our adaptive-management approach could be used by other multi-agency stakeholders seeking to conserve or restore native fishes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. How should we sustain future forests under extreme risk?
- Author
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Nelson, Harry and Scorah, Hugh
- Subjects
DEFORESTATION ,FOREST management ,MOUNTAIN pine beetle ,FOREST declines ,BEETLES - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Differences in life history patterns of American shad (Alosa sapi dissima) populations between ancestral, Atlantic coast, and non-native Pacific coast rivers of North America.
- Author
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Quinn, Thomas P., Wetzel, Lisa A., Hasselman, Daniel J., and Larsen, Kim
- Subjects
LIFE history theory ,UNITED States history ,RETURN migration ,COASTS ,SEAWATER ,SALINE waters - Abstract
Organisms naturalized outside their native range can reveal new life history patterns in new environments. Here, we compare life history patterns of American shad, Alosa sapidissima, from five rivers along the U.S. Pacific coast (introduced range) with contemporary data from the Atlantic coast source populations. The Pacific coast fish grew slower, matured at a younger age, and were less often iteroparous than conspecifics from the Hudson River and Susquehanna River sources. Differences among the Pacific coast populations indicated that some combination of phenotypic plasticity and genetic adaptation has occurred since the transplants in the 1870s. Microchemical analysis of otoliths from returning adults demonstrated an immature, extended freshwater life history form, locally known as "mini-shad". These fish remain in the river for at least 1 year or enter salt water briefly and then return to fresh water for several months prior to subsequent seaward migration and return as adults. This and other forms of variation (extent of estuary use and size at sea water entry) expand the understanding of Alosine migration and life history diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Assessing the impacts of environmental and ecological variables on the performance of Fraser sockeye salmon forecast.
- Author
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Xu, Yi, Liu, Qi, Fu, Caihong, and Holmes, John
- Subjects
SOCKEYE salmon ,ECOLOGICAL impact ,OCEAN temperature - Abstract
The Canadian Fraser River sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) is one of the largest stock complexes in North America, supporting major commercial, recreational, and First Nations fisheries. Sockeye fisheries management relies on an annual pre-season forecast of adult returns. In this study, we developed a comprehensive framework for visualization with a Taylor diagram to evaluate pre-season forecast models annually and identify external drivers important for forecasting sockeye returns. Specifically, we incorporated five new covariates, including sea surface temperature in the Gulf of Alaska and the abundance of salmon species, into the existing forecast models. Results revealed better performances by both the Ricker and Power models when coupled with the newly included covariates. Moreover, models selected over a decade ago underperformed compared to those selected based on our recent retrospective analysis from 2009 to 2020. We advocate for continuous evaluation of forecast models in the face of environmental change, emphasizing the necessity of developing models that incorporate non-stationary processes and assess the impacts of environmental and ecological factors on Fraser sockeye dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Are operational plantations meeting expectations? A large-scale assessment of realized versus anticipated yield in eastern Canada.
- Author
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Barrette, Martin, Auger, Isabelle, Thiffault, Nelson, and Barrette, Julie
- Subjects
TREE farms ,PLANTATIONS ,CARBON sequestration in forests ,FOREST resilience ,FOREST conservation ,FOREST productivity ,JACK pine - Abstract
Forest plantations play an increasingly important role in meeting global demand for wood. They usually have higher yield than naturally regenerated forests. Thus, plantations can support economically viable wood production, enable forest conservation elsewere, help mitigate climate change by contributing to carbon sequestration and increase forest resilience and resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors. If yield of plantations is not as high as anticipated, then their use could generate important sustainability issues. There are still major gaps in our understanding of the factors that influence yield, even with respect to black spruce, white spruce, and jack pine, three of the most commonly planted tree species in northeastern North America. Our objective was to evaluate the yield of forest plantations of these species over a 416 000 km
2 region that was representative of northeastern North American forests. Contrary to our prediction, realized yield of operational plantations was consistently lower than anticipated. Site index and competition both played a significant role in determining the yield of plantations. In the context of uncertain realized yield of operational plantations, we emphasize the necessity of relying on adaptive management to determine harvest levels that are compatible with sustainable management objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Habitat use of anadromous and amphidromous sturgeons in North America: a systematic review.
- Author
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Gilligan-Lunda, Erin K., Duarte, Adam, and Peterson, James T.
- Subjects
STURGEONS ,WILDLIFE conservation ,RARE fishes ,ENDANGERED species ,WATER hardness ,KNOWLEDGE gap theory - Abstract
Sturgeons are among the most endangered fishes in the world. Identifying habitat use characteristics to inform restoration projects is crucial for recovery. However, small sample sizes, inadequate replication of studies, and limited spatial extents complicate our ability to effectively apply the findings of single studies to endangered species conservation across the larger riverscape. We synthesized information from amphidromous and anadromous sturgeons in North America to identify species-specific knowledge gaps and conduct a quantitative comparison of species–habitat relationships. We provided a qualitative summary of substrate use and synthesized estimates of depth and velocity during spawning and non-spawning activity. Generalized patterns among species were identified, such as spawning in fast water on hard substrate and then using slow water with soft substrate areas when not spawning. We noted species-specific variability during spawning that may be attributed to historical maximum length, egg characteristics, and watershed features. This study provides some of the first estimates of habitat use that can be adapted for many populations. Results can contribute to empirically grounded decision-support tools used to prioritize information needs for recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Legacy of forest composition and changes over the long-term on tree radial growth.
- Author
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Gauthray-Guyénet, Vincent, Schneider, Robert, Achim, Alexis, Fortin, Mathieu, Paré, David, and Arseneault, Dominique
- Subjects
SUGAR maple ,BALSAM fir ,FOREST soils ,MAPLE sugar ,SPRUCE ,VEGETATION dynamics ,TREE growth - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. The estuarine growth and residency of juvenile Pacific salmon in North America: a compilation of empirical data.
- Author
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Arbeider, Michael, Pemberton-Renaud, Violaine, Hodgson, Emma E., and Moore, Jonathan W.
- Subjects
PACIFIC salmon ,COHO salmon ,HATCHERY fishes ,SOCKEYE salmon ,CHINOOK salmon ,FISH growth ,FISH hatcheries ,KNOWLEDGE gap theory - Abstract
The value of estuaries as nursery habitat for juvenile anadromous salmon is likely variable across estuaries and species. Here, we compiled published empirical data on juvenile salmon estuarine growth and residency. We aimed to quantify the range and variability of these aspects for five species of Pacific salmon across estuaries, methodologies, and life histories. The majority of studies focused on Chinook and coho salmon, largely from their southern range. While there is some evidence of higher growth in wild-origin fish relative to hatchery-origin fish, the wide range of metrics employed made identification of trends among life histories challenging, and unification of reporting could strengthen future research. Different salmon life histories exhibited different residencies, with natural-origin subyearling coho exhibiting the longest mean residency (∼3 months) and 1+ sockeye salmon exhibiting the shortest (3.7 days). Across life histories, hatchery fish exhibited much shorter estuary residencies than wild fish. Collectively, our review highlights key patterns in salmon estuary ecology, identifies knowledge gaps, and lays the foundation for future studies to quantify the importance of estuaries for specific salmon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The importance of taxonomy for determining species distribution: a case study using the disjunct lichen Brodoa oroarctica.
- Author
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Paquette, H.A., McMullin, R.T., and Wiersma, Y.F.
- Subjects
BIOLOGICAL classification ,SPECIES distribution ,LICHENS ,BOTANICAL specimens ,PLANT-fungus relationships ,HERBARIA - Abstract
Species-focused conservation requires a thorough understanding of species' distributions. Delineating a species' distribution requires taxonomic knowledge and adequate occurrence data. For plants and fungi, herbaria represent a valuable source of large-scale occurrence data. Advances in digital technology mean that data from many herbarium collections worldwide are now easily accessible. However, species concepts can change over time requiring herbarium records to be re-examined and databases updated, which does not always occur synchronously across all collections. Therefore, non-critical use of these data can promote inaccuracies in understanding species distributions. Taxonomic revisions are common in understudied organisms, such as lichens. Here, we illustrate how changing taxonomy and non-critical acceptance of online data affects our understanding of disjunct distributions, using the lichen Brodoa oroarctica (Krog) Goward as an example. Defining the distribution of the arctic lichen B. oroarctica is confounded by changing taxonomy and uncertainty of herbarium records that pre-date taxonomic revisions. We review the distribution of this species in the literature and in aggregate occurrence databases, and verify herbarium specimens that represent disjunct occurrences in eastern North America to present an updated account of its distribution and frequency in eastern North America. We show that knowledge of changing species taxonomy is essential to depicting accurate species distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. A review of lethal thermal tolerance among freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionida) within the North American faunal region.
- Author
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Fogelman, Kaelyn J., Archambault, Jennifer M., Irwin, Elise, Walsh, Maureen, Brewer, Shannon, and Stoeckel, James A.
- Subjects
FRESHWATER mussels ,WATER temperature ,EFFECT of human beings on climate change ,BIVALVES ,COLD-blooded animals - Abstract
Freshwater mussels of the order Unionida are currently one of the most imperiled groups of organisms in the North American faunal region. Accurate risk assessments and development of effective management strategies for remaining populations require knowledge of thermal limits in the face of increasing surface water temperature due to climate change and various anthropogenic factors. We conducted a systematic literature review of unionid mussels (order Unionida, families Margaritiferidae and Unionidae) in the North American faunal region to (1) summarize lethal thermal tolerance data by life stage and taxonomy, (2) discuss ecological and climate change implications of existing lethal tolerance data, and (3) identify needs for future research. We identified lethal tolerance estimates for only 28 of 302 species in the families Unionidae and Margaritiferidae. The mean acute median lethal temperatures were 32.8 °C for glochidia (19 species), 35.0 °C for juveniles (13 species), and 36.3 °C for adults (4 species). Generally, glochidia were less tolerant than juveniles or adults of the same species—but there were several exceptions. Generally, Amblemini had the highest acute and chronic thermal tolerance of all tribes followed by Anodontini, Pleurobemini, Lampsilini, and Quadrilini. Acclimation temperature affected lethal tolerance endpoints in less than half (52 of 145) of comparisons within species. Lethal tolerance data for additional species, combined with a comprehensive database of in situ surface water temperatures, would be useful for modeling the frequency and duration of lethal limit exceedance in North America and identifying populations currently living at or near their upper lethal limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. First report of female gametangia in the invasive macroalga starry stonewort (Nitellopsis obtusa) in North America.
- Author
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Harrow-Lyle, Tyler J., Ginn, Brian K., Kirkwood, Andrea E., and Melles, Stephanie J.
- Subjects
CLONE cells ,CLIMATE change ,LAKES - Abstract
Nitellopsis obtusa (Desv.) J. Groves (starry stonewort) is a macroalga in the Characeae family first documented in North America c. 1974. Since initial introduction, N. obtusa clonal populations quickly established in inland lakes as early as 2005. Despite increased N. obtusa monitoring over the last decade, only sterile or male specimens were documented in North America; however, during routine monitoring in Lake Simcoe and Lake Scugog in 2022, we discovered the presence of female gametangia on N. obtusa. In addition, two other Characeae genera had prevalent antheridia and oogonia, co-occurring with oogonia-presenting N. obtusa, which had not been observed previously despite intensive monitoring since 2008. Further studies in North America are required to confirm the proportion of female populations present within invaded regions, as well as to identify plausible causes shifting gametangia development across non-native and native Characeae, especially within the context of climate change. The presence of oogonia on N. obtusa represents a major change to our understanding of this species and its reproductive ecology in North America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Comparison of competitive behaviours between native and invasive ecotypes of garlic mustard under different density conditions, presence and identity of neighbours.
- Author
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Murphy, Guillermo P., Shah, Rhythm, and Dudley, Susan A.
- Subjects
GARLIC ,MUSTARD ,HABITAT selection ,PLANT biomass ,INTRODUCED species ,DENSITY ,COMPETITION (Biology) ,HABITATS - Abstract
Copyright of Botany is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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14. Cloeon tzeltal sp. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), a Miocene mayfly from Mexican amber.
- Author
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Varela-Hernández, Fernando, Riquelme, Francisco, and Montiel-Chávez, Josefina
- Subjects
MAYFLIES ,MIOCENE Epoch ,FOSSILS - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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15. Sapling growth dynamics after partial cutting in temperate mixedwood stands.
- Author
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Power, Hugues, Auger, Isabelle, Guillemette, François, Raymond, Patricia, and Dumais, Daniel
- Subjects
BALSAM fir ,BIRCH ,SPRUCE ,MAPLE ,TEMPERATE forests ,HARDWOODS ,CONIFERS - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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16. Subalpine fir microsatellite variation reveals the complex relationship between var. lasiocarpa and var. bifolia.
- Author
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Ritland, Kermit, Miscampbell, Allyson, Cartwright, Charlie, Bohlmann, Nikhil, and Ritland, Carol
- Subjects
MICROSATELLITE repeats ,SUBSPECIES ,FIR ,GENETIC markers ,GENETIC distance ,HETEROZYGOSITY - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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17. Next-generation lampricides: a three-stage process to develop improved control tools for invasive sea lamprey.
- Author
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Lantz, Stephen R., Adair, Robert A., Amberg, Jon J., Bergstedt, Roger, Boogaard, Michael A., Bussy, Ugo, Docker, Margaret F., Dunlop, Erin S., Gonzalez, Alex, Hubert, Terrance D., Siefkes, Michael J., Sullivan, W. Paul, Whyard, Steve, Wilkie, Michael P., Young, Bradley, and Muir, Andrew
- Subjects
SEA lamprey ,TOXICITY testing ,NANOTECHNOLOGY ,DRUG target ,POISONS - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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18. Key factors influencing productivity of whole-tree ground-based felling equipment commonly used in the Pacific Northwest.
- Author
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Lahrsen, Steffen, Mologni, Omar, Magalhães, Juliana, Grigolato, Stefano, and Röser, Dominik
- Subjects
LOGGING ,ELECTRIC machines ,SYSTEMS development ,WOODEN beams ,BEST practices - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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19. Using decades of spawning data and hydraulic models to construct a temperature-dependent resource selection function for management of an endangered salmonid.
- Author
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Dudley, Peter N., John, Sara N., Daniels, Miles E., and Danner, Eric M.
- Subjects
HYDRAULIC models ,CHINOOK salmon ,HABITAT selection ,WATER temperature ,DATA modeling - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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20. The history, etiology, and management of ginseng replant disease: a Canadian perspective in review.
- Author
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Westerveld, Sean M. and Shi, Fang
- Subjects
GINSENG ,AMERICAN ginseng ,SCIENTIFIC literature ,BIOFUNGICIDES ,ETIOLOGY of diseases ,CROP growth ,PLANT diseases - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Plant Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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21. Geology of the Mesoproterozoic Pillar Lake Volcanics and Inspiration Sill, Armstrong, Ontario: evidence of early Midcontinent Rift magmatism in the northwestern Nipigon Embayment.
- Author
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Hollings, Pete, Smyk, Mark, Bleeker, Wouter, Hamilton, Mike, Cundari, Robert, and Easton, Michael
- Subjects
VOLCANOLOGY ,RIFTS (Geology) ,RARE earth metals ,GEOLOGY ,IGNEOUS provinces ,MAGMATISM - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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22. Baby tyrannosaurid bones and teeth from the Late Cretaceous of western North America1.
- Author
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Funston, Gregory F., Powers, Mark J., Whitebone, S. Amber, Brusatte, Stephen L., Scannella, John B., Horner, John R., and Currie, Philip J.
- Subjects
DENTITION ,TOP predators ,TEETH ,INFANTS ,SAURISCHIA ,HORSESHOES - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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23. Anatomical, morphometric, and stratigraphic analyses of theropod biodiversity in the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Dinosaur Park Formation1.
- Author
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Cullen, Thomas M., Zanno, Lindsay, Larson, Derek W., Todd, Erinn, Currie, Philip J., and Evans, David C.
- Subjects
SAURISCHIA ,DINOSAURS ,FRONTAL bone ,BIODIVERSITY ,FOSSILS ,PARKS - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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