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Current sensor technologies facilitate device-free and non-invasive monitoring of target activities and infrastructures to ensure a safe and inhabitable environment. Device-free techniques for sensing the surrounding environment are an emerging area of research where a target does not need to carry or attach any device to provide information about its motion or the surrounding environment. Consequently, there has been an increasing interest in device-free sensing. Seismic sensors are extremely effective tools for gathering target motion information. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the seismic sensor-based devicefree sensing process and highlight the key techniques within the research field.We classify the existing literature into three categories, viz., (i) target detection, (ii) target localization, and (iii) target identification, and activity recognition. The techniques in each category are divided into multiple subcategories in a structured manner to comprehensively discuss the details.We also discuss the challenges associated with contemporary cutting-edge research and suggest potential solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper conceptualizes the emerging detente within inter-Korean relations as evidence of tangible transformations within North Korea's domestic and foreign policy, establishing how this phenomenon represents a unique and conclusive opportunity for peace and engagement. It contextualizes the inter-Korean and Singapore summits as foundations for the detente, before expanding upon the nature of the detente through the contrasting objectives of North and South Korea, and the transitional nature of domestic affairs in North Korea. The article establishes the bona fide nature of North Korea's detente, as revealed by a direct connection between North Korea's international diplomatic gestures vis-av-vis transitional domestic circumstances; involving incremental economic modernization and political liberalization under a shift in focus within Kim Jong-un's Byungjin Line policy. This analysis departs from and orthodox Western interpretation of inter-Korean relations, providing a holistic analysis of inter-Korean affairs and North Korean domestic politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The passive optical networks are widely used nowadays. Service providers have many customers in their distribution networks. The most important thing for communication between the end unit and the control unit is an establishment contact. Design and measurement of the activation process between optical network unit and optical line termination is presented. In general, the service providers have a big split ratio (up to 1:128) due to the connection eminent value of the customers per optical line termination port in chassis. We present the simulation of the connection process for 16, 32, 64, and 128 optical network units and the measurement for single optical network unit (the GPON Xpert is able to read a single connection process). We compare our results in simulation discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]