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Summary: Multi‐organ segmentation is a critical prerequisite for many clinical applications. Deep learning‐based approaches have recently achieved promising results on this task. However, they heavily rely on massive data with multi‐organ annotated, which is labor‐ and expert‐intensive and thus difficult to obtain. In contrast, single‐organ datasets are easier to acquire, and many well‐annotated ones are publicly available. It leads to the partially labeled issue: How to learn a unified multi‐organ segmentation model from several single‐organ datasets? Pseudo‐label‐based methods and conditional information‐based methods make up the majority of existing solutions, where the former largely depends on the accuracy of pseudo‐labels, and the latter has a limited capacity for task‐related features. In this paper, we propose the Conditional Dynamic Attention Network (CDANet). Our approach is designed with two key components: (1) multisource parameter generator, fusing the conditional and multiscale information to better distinguish among different tasks, and (2) dynamic attention module, promoting more attention to task‐related features. We have conducted extensive experiments on seven partially labeled challenging datasets. The results show that our method achieved competitive results compared with the advanced approaches, with an average Dice score of 75.08%. Additionally, the Hausdorff Distance is 26.31, which is a competitive result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the state‐of‐the‐art sentiment classification approaches, such as LSTM and TextCNN, have achieved a good performance on Chinese short text sentiment analysis, the Chinese long text sentiment classification is still a challenge because of the sentiment change problem and the long text structure problem. Therefore, we propose a grammar guided embedding model (GGE) and a novel Chinese long text sentiment classification framework. First, the part‐of‐speech (POS) tags are introduced as the Chinese long text grammar guided information which can help classification approaches to model the Chinese long text structure and the important structure of sentiment change. Second, we proposed a simple GGE training method which considers the combination representation of word sequence and POS sequence. Finally, we proposed a unified framework which combines our novel GGE with TextCNN. Experiment results show that after using GGE, the model outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art approaches. At the same time, we also found that the GGE achieves the model converge faster, that is, it can achieve better results than without GGE when there is only a small amount of training data. Thus, we believe that the GGE can help machines better understand human language sentiment expression structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To identify machine and human, Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA) is increasingly used in many web applications. The classical English and digital characters based CAPTCHAs are recognized with high accuracy. Due to the complication of Chinese characters which greatly enhance the difficulty of automatic recognition, an increasing number of Chinese web sites use Chinese Character CAPTCHAs. To recognize Chinese Character CAPTCHAs, we propose a Convolution Neural Network (CNN) based approach to learn strokes, radicals and character features of Chinese characters, and prove that our network structure is superior to LENET-5 in this task. Furthermore, we formulate the relation among accuracy, the number of training samples and iterations, which is used to estimate the performance of our approach. Firstly, this approach greatly improves the recognition accuracy of Chinese Character CAPTCHAs with distortion, rotation and background noise. Our experiments results show that this approach achieves over 95% accuracy for single Chinese character and 84% accuracy for three types of Chinese Character CAPTCHAs with four Chinese characters. Secondly, our experiment results and theoretical analysis show that the accuracy of recognition has the exponential relationship with the product of the number of training samples and iterations in the condition of enough and representative training samples. Therefore, we can estimate the training time for a certain accuracy. Finally, we certify that our approach is superior to the most famous Chinese Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software, Hanvon, in Chinese Character CAPTCHAs recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the sentiments of users from cross media contents which contain texts and images is an important task for many social network applications. However, due to the semantic gap between cross media features and sentiments, machine learning methods need a lot of human labeled samples. Furthermore, for each kind of media content, it is necessary to constantly add a lot of new human labeled samples because of new expressions of sentiments. Fortunately, there are some emotion signals, like emoticons, which denote users’ emotions in cross media contents. In order to use these weakly labels to build a unified multi-modality sentiment learning framework, we propose an Explicit Emotion Signal (EES) based multi-modality sentiment learning approach which uses huge number of weakly labeled samples in sentiment learning. There are three advantages in our approach. Firstly, only a few human labeled samples are needed to reach the same performance which can be obtained by the traditional machine learning based sentiment prediction approaches. Secondly, this approach is flexible and can easily combine text and vision based sentiment learning through deep neural networks. Thirdly, because a lot of weakly labeled samples can be used in EES, trained model is more robust in different domain transfer. In this paper, firstly, we investigate the correlation between sentiments and emoticons and choose emoticons as the Explicit Emotion Signals in our approach; secondly, we build a two stages multi-modality sentiment learning framework based on Explicit Emotion Signals. Our experiment results show that our approach not only achieves the best performance but also only needs 3% and 43% training samples to obtain the same performance of Visual Geometry Group (VGG) model and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model in images and texts, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of social media, an increasing number of people use short videos in social media applications to express their opinions and sentiments. However, sentiment detection of short videos is a very challenging task because of the semantic gap problem and sequence based sentiment understanding problem. In this context, we propose a SentiPair Sequence based GIF video sentiment detection approach with two contributions. First, we propose a Synset Forest method to extract sentiment related semantic concepts from WordNet to build a robust SentiPair label set. This approach considers the semantic gap between label words and selects a robust label subset which is related to sentiment. Secondly, we propose a SentiPair Sequence based GIF video sentiment detection approach that learns the semantic sequence to understand the sentiment from GIF videos. Our experiment results on GSO-2016 (GIF Sentiment Ontology) data show that our approach not only outperforms four state-of-the-art classification methods but also shows better performance than the state-of-the-art middle level sentiment ontology features, Adjective Noun Pairs (ANPs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With a growing number of images being used to express opinions in Microblog, text based sentiment analysis is not enough to understand the sentiments of users. To obtain the sentiments implied in Microblog images, we propose a Visual Sentiment Topic Model (VSTM) which gathers images in the same Microblog topic to enhance the visual sentiment analysis results. First, we obtain the visual sentiment features by using Visual Sentiment Ontology (VSO); then, we build a Visual Sentiment Topic Model by using all images in the same topic; finally, we choose better visual sentiment features according to the visual sentiment features distribution in a topic. The best advantage of our approach is that the discriminative visual sentiment ontology features are selected according to the sentiment topic model. The experiment results show that the performance of our approach is better than VSO based model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Rumor is one of the main problems in social media, which often shows deeply and rapidly undesirable affection on the society. Although many rumor detection models consider content features and social features, all of them are based on the word independence assumption, which lacks the sequence context. Thus, if we use some words that often appear in rumors, our posts will be recognized as a rumor. To solve this problem, we propose a deep sequence context model (DSCM) for Chinese microblog rumor detection. This model considers two important factors of rumors: falsity and influence. Firstly, to learn falsity, we abolish the word independence assumption and use long short‐term memory (LSTM) units to capture bi‐direction sequence context information in content. Secondly, to learn influence, we combine the deep sequence context information with social features to learn the connection between content and social features. In our experiment, our results show that our approach outperforms several state‐of‐the‐art machine learning approaches, including term frequency and inverse document frequency (TFIDF), LSTM, and gated recurrent unit (GRU) in rumor detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]