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6. THE ANTIPODES, ISIDORE OF SEVILLE'S OCEANUS INTERIOR AND MACROBIUS' ALVEUS OCEANI

Author

King, Robert J.

Subjects
Geography, Library and information science
Abstract

The ALVEUS OCEANI was a feature on the map in the 1483 edition of Macrobius' Commentary on the Dream of Scipio; it requires explanation to a modern reader. Apparently, it was the same as Isidore of Seville's Oceanus interior, which also requires explanation. Macrobius' map illustrated the concept of a part of the world Ocean running east-west in the equatorial zone, separating Africa, which lay north of it, from the land of the Antipodes to the south. This concept inspired the Portuguese quest, directed by Henry the Navigator, for a circum-African route to India in the fifteenth century, and subsequent European voyages of exploration in search of the land of the Antipodes until those of James Cook in the latter part of the eighteenth century., THE INTERIOR OCEAN: ALVEUS OCEANI In his Etymologiae, Isidore, Bishop of Seville (c.560-636) gave a much-quoted definition of the Antipodes: 'Extra tres autem partes orbis quarta pars trans oceanum interior [...]

Published
2023

8. Genome-Wide Association Study Points to Novel Locus for Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome

Author

Barr, Cathy L., Batterson, James R., Berlin, Cheston, Budman, Cathy L., Coppola, Giovanni, Cox, Nancy J., Darrow, Sabrina, Dion, Yves, Freimer, Nelson B., Grados, Marco A., Greenberg, Erica, Hirschtritt, Matthew E., Huang, Alden Y., Illmann, Cornelia, King, Robert A., Kurlan, Roger, Leckman, James F., Lyon, Gholson J., Malaty, Irene A., McMahon, William M., Neale, Benjamin M., Okun, Michael S., Osiecki, Lisa, Robertson, Mary M., Rouleau, Guy A., Sandor, Paul, Singer, Harvey S., Smit, Jan H., Sul, Jae Hoon, Androutsos, Christos, Basha, Entela, Farkas, Luca, Fichna, Jakub, Janik, Piotr, Kapisyzi, Mira, Karagiannidis, Iordanis, Koumoula, Anastasia, Nagy, Peter, Puchala, Joanna, Szejko, Natalia, Szymanska, Urszula, Tsironi, Vaia, Apter, Alan, Ball, Juliane, Bodmer, Benjamin, Bognar, Emese, Buse, Judith, Vela, Marta Correa, Fremer, Carolin, Garcia-Delgar, Blanca, Gulisano, Mariangela, Hagen, Annelieke, Hagstrøm, Julie, Madruga-Garrido, Marcos, Pellico, Alessandra, Ruhrman, Daphna, Schnell, Jaana, Silvestri, Paola Rosaria, Skov, Liselotte, Steinberg, Tamar, Gloor, Friederike Tagwerker, Turner, Victoria L., Weidinger, Elif, Alexander, John, Aranyi, Tamas, Buisman, Wim R., Buitelaar, Jan K., Driessen, Nicole, Drineas, Petros, Fan, Siyan, Forde, Natalie J., Gerasch, Sarah, van den Heuvel, Odile A., Jespersgaard, Cathrine, Kanaan, Ahmad S., Möller, Harald E., Nawaz, Muhammad S., Nespoli, Ester, Pagliaroli, Luca, Poelmans, Geert, Pouwels, Petra J.W., Rizzo, Francesca, Veltman, Dick J., van der Werf, Ysbrand D., Widomska, Joanna, Zilhäo, Nuno R., Brown, Lawrence W., Cheon, Keun-Ah, Coffey, Barbara J., Fernandez, Thomas V., Gilbert, Donald L., Hong, Hyun Ju, Ibanez-Gomez, Laura, Kim, Eun-Joo, Kim, Young Key, Kim, Young-Shin, Koh, Yun-Joo, Kook, Sodahm, Kuperman, Samuel, Leventhal, Bennett L., Maras, Athanasios, Murphy, Tara L., Shin, Eun-Young, Song, Dong-Ho, Song, Jungeun, State, Matthew W., Visscher, Frank, Wang, Sheng, Zinner, Samuel H., Tsetsos, Fotis, Topaloudi, Apostolia, Jain, Pritesh, Yang, Zhiyu, Yu, Dongmei, Kolovos, Petros, Tumer, Zeynep, Rizzo, Renata, Hartmann, Andreas, Depienne, Christel, Worbe, Yulia, Müller-Vahl, Kirsten R., Cath, Danielle C., Boomsma, Dorret I., Wolanczyk, Tomasz, Zekanowski, Cezary, Barta, Csaba, Nemoda, Zsofia, Tarnok, Zsanett, Padmanabhuni, Shanmukha S., Buxbaum, Joseph D., Grice, Dorothy, Glennon, Jeffrey, Stefansson, Hreinn, Hengerer, Bastian, Yannaki, Evangelia, Stamatoyannopoulos, John A., Benaroya-Milshtein, Noa, Cardona, Francesco, Hedderly, Tammy, Heyman, Isobel, Huyser, Chaim, Mir, Pablo, Morer, Astrid, Mueller, Norbert, Munchau, Alexander, Plessen, Kerstin J., Porcelli, Cesare, Roessner, Veit, Walitza, Susanne, Schrag, Anette, Martino, Davide, Tischfield, Jay A., Heiman, Gary A., Willsey, A. Jeremy, Dietrich, Andrea, Davis, Lea K., Crowley, James J., Mathews, Carol A., Scharf, Jeremiah M., Georgitsi, Marianthi, Hoekstra, Pieter J., and Paschou, Peristera

Published
2024
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13. Awake intracerebroventricular delivery and safety assessment of oligonucleotides in a large animal model

Author

Benatti, Hector Ribeiro, Prestigiacomo, Rachel D., Taghian, Toloo, Miller, Rachael, King, Robert, Gounis, Matthew J., Celik, Ugur, Bertrand, Stephanie, Tuominen, Susan, Bierfeldt, Lindsey, Parsley, Elizabeth, Gallagher, Jillian, Hall, Erin F., McElroy, Abigail W., Sena-Esteves, Miguel, Khvorova, Anastasia, Aronin, Neil, and Gray-Edwards, Heather L.

Published
2023
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18. Assessment of thrombectomy procedure difficulty by neurointerventionalists based on vessel geometry parameters from carotid artery 3D reconstructions

Author

Shazeeb, Mohammed Salman, Moholkar, Viraj, King, Robert M., Vedantham, Srinivasan, Vardar, Zeynep, Kraitem, Afif, Lindsay, Clifford, Anagnostakou, Vania, Singh, Jasmeet, Massari, Francesco, de Macedo Rodrigues, Katyucia, Naragum, Varun, Puri, Ajit S., Carniato, Sarena, Gounis, Matthew J., and Kühn, Anna Luisa

Published
2023
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23. THE DEPICTION OF THE OCEAN ON THE 1519 WORLD MAP OF LOPO HOMEM

Author

King, Robert J.

Subjects
Ocean, Geography, Library and information science
Abstract

The map of the world made by Lopo Homem in 1519 depicts the world Ocean, under the names OCCEANUS meridionals and indicummare, enclosed by the three classical continents, Europe, Asia and Africa, and the New World including the austral TERRA INCOGNITA. This configuration was apparently drawn from the description of the world given by Duarte Pacheco Pereira in 1508 and set out in his since lost map. Other world maps of this type are that shown on the 1525 tapestry by Bernaert van Orley and Georg Wezeler, and on the 1513 world map of Pin Reis. It is argued here that Homem's map represented a stage in cartographical history when Ptolemy's enclosed Indian Ocean was enlarged to become an enclosed world Ocean until, following Magellan's expedition, it was recognized that the Ocean was much larger than the authority of the Biblical Fourth Book of Esdras had ascribed to it, and that indeed it did surround the continental parts of the Earth., The 1519 world map by the Portuguese cartographer and cosmographer Lopo Homem, Universi Orbis adhanc usqe diem cogniti Tabula (Map of the Whole World as known to this day) (Fig- [...]

Published
2022

26. Deciphering climate-induced displacement in Somalia: A remote sensing perspective.

Author

Momeni, Rahman, Bircan, Tuba, King, Robert, and Santos, Eloy Zafra

Subjects
EXTREME weather, DATA analytics, REMOTE sensing, SOCIOECONOMIC factors, INTERNALLY displaced persons
Abstract

Rapid climate changes bear significant consequences on various aspects of our lives, notably by deteriorating living conditions in certain areas to such extent that inhabitants have no choice but flee. Despite recognition of this issue, the dynamics of the relationship between the environmental factors and the human mobility have yet to be thoroughly investigated. This study aims to explore the application of advanced remote sensing analytics for developing detailed climate indicators at a micro (district) level, and to examine the relationship between climate factors and internally displaced persons. After detailing our data sources and the analytics employed for indicator development, we discuss various types of events and their repercussions. Our findings corroborate that slow-onset and rapid-onset climate events differently impact society, and the responses hinge on the urgency precipitated by the detrimental aftermath of the extreme weather event and, most crucially, on people's capabilities. We also underscore the importance of data quality and availability for the socio-economic indicators to enhance future studies, given the intertwined associations between climate change, economic deprivation, and violent conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. Suppression of mutant C9orf72 expression by a potent mixed backbone antisense oligonucleotide

Author

Tran, Hélène, Moazami, Michael P., Yang, Huiya, McKenna-Yasek, Diane, Douthwright, Catherine L., Pinto, Courtney, Metterville, Jake, Shin, Minwook, Sanil, Nitasha, Dooley, Craig, Puri, Ajit, Weiss, Alexandra, Wightman, Nicholas, Gray-Edwards, Heather, Marosfoi, Miklos, King, Robert M., Kenderdine, Thomas, Fabris, Daniele, Bowser, Robert, Watts, Jonathan K., and Brown, Jr, Robert H.

Published
2022
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29. Whole-exome sequencing identifies genes associated with Tourette’s disorder in multiplex families

Author

Cao, Xiaolong, Zhang, Yeting, Abdulkadir, Mohamed, Deng, Li, Fernandez, Thomas V., Garcia-Delgar, Blanca, Hagstrøm, Julie, Hoekstra, Pieter J., King, Robert A., Koesterich, Justin, Kuperman, Samuel, Morer, Astrid, Nasello, Cara, Plessen, Kerstin J., Thackray, Joshua K., Zhou, Lisheng, Dietrich, Andrea, Tischfield, Jay A., Heiman, Gary A., and Xing, Jinchuan

Published
2021
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30. Investigation of gene–environment interactions in relation to tic severity

Author

Abdulkadir, Mohamed, Yu, Dongmei, Osiecki, Lisa, King, Robert A., Fernandez, Thomas V., Brown, Lawrence W., Cheon, Keun-Ah, Coffey, Barbara J., Garcia-Delgar, Blanca, Gilbert, Donald L., Grice, Dorothy E., Hagstrøm, Julie, Hedderly, Tammy, Heyman, Isobel, Hong, Hyun Ju, Huyser, Chaim, Ibanez-Gomez, Laura, Kim, Young Key, Kim, Young-Shin, Koh, Yun-Joo, Kook, Sodahm, Kuperman, Samuel, Leventhal, Bennett, Madruga-Garrido, Marcos, Maras, Athanasios, Mir, Pablo, Morer, Astrid, Münchau, Alexander, Plessen, Kerstin J., Roessner, Veit, Shin, Eun-Young, Song, Dong-Ho, Song, Jungeun, Visscher, Frank, Zinner, Samuel H., Mathews, Carol A., Scharf, Jeremiah M., Tischfield, Jay A., Heiman, Gary A., Dietrich, Andrea, and Hoekstra, Pieter J.

Published
2021
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33. Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

Author

Abdalla, Saleh, Abdeh Kolahchi, Abdolnabi, Ablain, Michaël, Adusumilli, Susheel, Aich Bhowmick, Suchandra, Alou-Font, Eva, Amarouche, Laiba, Andersen, Ole Baltazar, Antich, Helena, Aouf, Lotfi, Arbic, Brian, Armitage, Thomas, Arnault, Sabine, Artana, Camila, Aulicino, Giuseppe, Ayoub, Nadia, Badulin, Sergei, Baker, Steven, Banks, Chris, Bao, Lifeng, Barbetta, Silvia, Barceló-Llull, Bàrbara, Barlier, François, Basu, Sujit, Bauer-Gottwein, Peter, Becker, Matthias, Beckley, Brian, Bellefond, Nicole, Belonenko, Tatyana, Benkiran, Mounir, Benkouider, Touati, Bennartz, Ralf, Benveniste, Jérôme, Bercher, Nicolas, Berge-Nguyen, Muriel, Bettencourt, Joao, Blarel, Fabien, Blazquez, Alejandro, Blumstein, Denis, Bonnefond, Pascal, Borde, Franck, Bouffard, Jérôme, Boy, François, Boy, Jean-Paul, Brachet, Cédric, Brasseur, Pierre, Braun, Alexander, Brocca, Luca, Brockley, David, Brodeau, Laurent, Brown, Shannon, Bruinsma, Sean, Bulczak, Anna, Buzzard, Sammie, Cahill, Madeleine, Calmant, Stéphane, Calzas, Michel, Camici, Stefania, Cancet, Mathilde, Capdeville, Hugues, Carabajal, Claudia Cristina, Carrere, Loren, Cazenave, Anny, Chassignet, Eric P., Chauhan, Prakash, Cherchali, Selma, Chereskin, Teresa, Cheymol, Cecile, Ciani, Daniele, Cipollini, Paolo, Cirillo, Francesca, Cosme, Emmanuel, Coss, Steve, Cotroneo, Yuri, Cotton, David, Couhert, Alexandre, Coutin-Faye, Sophie, Crétaux, Jean-François, Cyr, Frederic, d’Ovidio, Francesco, Darrozes, José, David, Cedric, Dayoub, Nadim, De Staerke, Danielle, Deng, Xiaoli, Desai, Shailen, Desjonqueres, Jean-Damien, Dettmering, Denise, Di Bella, Alessandro, Díaz-Barroso, Lara, Dibarboure, Gerald, Dieng, Habib Boubacar, Dinardo, Salvatore, Dobslaw, Henryk, Dodet, Guillaume, Doglioli, Andrea, Domeneghetti, Alessio, Donahue, David, Dong, Shenfu, Donlon, Craig, Dorandeu, Joël, Drezen, Christine, Drinkwater, Mark, Du Penhoat, Yves, Dushaw, Brian, Egido, Alejandro, Erofeeva, Svetlana, Escudier, Philippe, Esselborn, Saskia, Exertier, Pierre, Fablet, Ronan, Falco, Cédric, Farrell, Sinead Louise, Faugere, Yannice, Femenias, Pierre, Fenoglio, Luciana, Fernandes, Joana, Fernández, Juan Gabriel, Ferrage, Pascale, Ferrari, Ramiro, Fichen, Lionel, Filippucci, Paolo, Flampouris, Stylianos, Fleury, Sara, Fornari, Marco, Forsberg, Rene, Frappart, Frédéric, Frery, Marie-laure, Garcia, Pablo, Garcia-Mondejar, Albert, Gaudelli, Julia, Gaultier, Lucile, Getirana, Augusto, Gibert, Ferran, Gil, Artur, Gilbert, Lin, Gille, Sarah, Giulicchi, Luisella, Gómez-Enri, Jesús, Gómez-Navarro, Laura, Gommenginger, Christine, Gourdeau, Lionel, Griffin, David, Groh, Andreas, Guerin, Alexandre, Guerrero, Raul, Guinle, Thierry, Gupta, Praveen, Gutknecht, Benjamin D., Hamon, Mathieu, Han, Guoqi, Hauser, Danièle, Helm, Veit, Hendricks, Stefan, Hernandez, Fabrice, Hogg, Anna, Horwath, Martin, Idžanović, Martina, Janssen, Peter, Jeansou, Eric, Jia, Yongjun, Jia, Yuanyuan, Jiang, Liguang, Johannessen, Johnny A., Kamachi, Masafumi, Karimova, Svetlana, Kelly, Kathryn, Kim, Sung Yong, King, Robert, Kittel, Cecile M.M., Klein, Patrice, Klos, Anna, Knudsen, Per, Koenig, Rolf, Kostianoy, Andrey, Kouraev, Alexei, Kumar, Raj, Labroue, Sylvie, Lago, Loreley Selene, Lambin, Juliette, Lasson, Léa, Laurain, Olivier, Laxenaire, Rémi, Lázaro, Clara, Le Gac, Sophie, Le Sommer, Julien, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Lebedev, Sergey, Léger, Fabien, Legresy, Benoı̂t, Lemoine, Frank, Lenain, Luc, Leuliette, Eric, Levy, Marina, Lillibridge, John, Liu, Jianqiang, Llovel, William, Lyard, Florent, Macintosh, Claire, Makhoul Varona, Eduard, Manfredi, Cécile, Marin, Frédéric, Mason, Evan, Massari, Christian, Mavrocordatos, Constantin, Maximenko, Nikolai, McMillan, Malcolm, Medina, Thierry, Melet, Angelique, Meloni, Marco, Mertikas, Stelios, Metref, Sammy, Meyssignac, Benoit, Minster, Jean-François, Moreau, Thomas, Moreira, Daniel, Morel, Yves, Morrow, Rosemary, Moyard, John, Mulet, Sandrine, Naeije, Marc, Nerem, Robert Steven, Ngodock, Hans, Nielsen, Karina, Nilsen, Jan Even Øie, Niño, Fernando, Nogueira Loddo, Carolina, Noûs, Camille, Obligis, Estelle, Otosaka, Inès, Otten, Michiel, Oztunali Ozbahceci, Berguzar, P. Raj, Roshin, Paiva, Rodrigo, Paniagua, Guillermina, Paolo, Fernando, Paris, Adrien, Pascual, Ananda, Passaro, Marcello, Paul, Stephan, Pavelsky, Tamlin, Pearson, Christopher, Penduff, Thierry, Peng, Fukai, Perosanz, Felix, Picot, Nicolas, Piras, Fanny, Poggiali, Valerio, Poirier, Étienne, Ponce de León, Sonia, Prants, Sergey, Prigent, Catherine, Provost, Christine, Pujol, M-Isabelle, Qiu, Bo, Quilfen, Yves, Rami, Ali, Raney, R. Keith, Raynal, Matthias, Remy, Elisabeth, Rémy, Frédérique, Restano, Marco, Richardson, Annie, Richardson, Donald, Ricker, Robert, Ricko, Martina, Rinne, Eero, Rose, Stine Kildegaard, Rosmorduc, Vinca, Rudenko, Sergei, Ruiz, Simón, Ryan, Barbara J., Salaün, Corinne, Sanchez-Roman, Antonio, Sandberg Sørensen, Louise, Sandwell, David, Saraceno, Martin, Scagliola, Michele, Schaeffer, Philippe, Scharffenberg, Martin G., Scharroo, Remko, Schiller, Andreas, Schneider, Raphael, Schwatke, Christian, Scozzari, Andrea, Ser-giacomi, Enrico, Seyler, Frederique, Shah, Rashmi, Sharma, Rashmi, Shaw, Andrew, Shepherd, Andrew, Shriver, Jay, Shum, C.K., Simons, Wim, Simonsen, Sebatian B., Slater, Thomas, Smith, Walter, Soares, Saulo, Sokolovskiy, Mikhail, Soudarin, Laurent, Spatar, Ciprian, Speich, Sabrina, Srinivasan, Margaret, Srokosz, Meric, Stanev, Emil, Staneva, Joanna, Steunou, Nathalie, Stroeve, Julienne, Su, Bob, Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi, Swain, Debadatta, Sylvestre-baron, Annick, Taburet, Nicolas, Tailleux, Rémi, Takayama, Katsumi, Tapley, Byron, Tarpanelli, Angelica, Tavernier, Gilles, Testut, Laurent, Thakur, Praveen K., Thibaut, Pierre, Thompson, LuAnne, Tintoré, Joaquín, Tison, Céline, Tourain, Cédric, Tournadre, Jean, Townsend, Bill, Tran, Ngan, Trilles, Sébastien, Tsamados, Michel, Tseng, Kuo-Hsin, Ubelmann, Clément, Uebbing, Bernd, Vergara, Oscar, Verron, Jacques, Vieira, Telmo, Vignudelli, Stefano, Vinogradova Shiffer, Nadya, Visser, Pieter, Vivier, Frederic, Volkov, Denis, von Schuckmann, Karina, Vuglinskii, Valerii, Vuilleumier, Pierrik, Walter, Blake, Wang, Jida, Wang, Chao, Watson, Christopher, Wilkin, John, Willis, Josh, Wilson, Hilary, Woodworth, Philip, Yang, Kehan, Yao, Fangfang, Zaharia, Raymond, Zakharova, Elena, Zaron, Edward D., Zhang, Yongsheng, Zhao, Zhongxiang, Zinchenko, Vadim, and Zlotnicki, Victor

Published
2021
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37. THE ANTIPODES ON MARTIN WALDSEEMULLER'S 1507 WORLD MAP

Author

King, Robert J.

Subjects
America -- Portrayals, Map reading, Cartographers -- Works, World maps -- Analysis, Geography, Library and information science
Abstract

The world map made by Martin Waldseemuller and his colleagues in 1507 was the first to call the land newly discovered in the South Atlantic by the name America, but what did they consider this land to be? In contrast to its discoverers, who had declared it to be continental, Waldseemuller called it an island. This is clear from comparing the inscription describing the newly discovered land on his map with the analogous inscription on his source map, the Cantino. At that time, 'continent' had a different meaning to that which it later acquired. It is argued here that Waldseemuller, like his contemporaries, identified America with the fourth part of the world, the Antipodes., AMERICA: CONTINENT OR ISLAND? In St. Die in Loraine, in 1507, Martin Waldseemuller and his colleagues, calling themselves the Gymnasium Vosagensis (Vosges School), constructed a map of the world they [...]

Published
2022

40. Helping the helpers : what factors contribute to health and wellness for front line staff within a public sector social services work environment?

Author

King, Robert Warren, Beck, Vanessa, and Venter, Katharine

Subjects
331.25
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to understand the wellness needs of front line public sector welfare staff within the Canadian neo-liberal welfare state, framed in a public management reform context. Although research has begun in a variety of public sector social service settings, there has been little scrutiny given to those working on the fault-lines of society (Sawchuk, 2013). The research design focused on both quantitative and qualitative tools for understanding the welfare employee experience. Quantitatively, the Perceived Wellness Survey (Adams, Bezner, and Steinhardt, 1997) and the COPE scale (Carver, Scheier, and Weintraub, 1989) were used respectively to generate data on staff wellness perceptions, and coping preferences. Qualitatively, a longitudinal journaling tool was used that allowed staff to record their work behaviors over 40 workdays. Specifically, they were able to record problems experienced, how they responded to them, and what resources were found to be useful. They were also able to rate each day as to level of satisfaction. The results of the study identified the potential impacts of public management reform on welfare state employees, and the critical role played by coping strategies. It also brought into question the relevancy of the holistic paradigm for the welfare work environment within British Columbia. The findings revealed a wellness duality in that the problems staff identified, the responses to those problems, and the resources utilized all had a common foundation. Social/relational factors were found to be both part of the problem and part of the solution when considering employee wellness, with age and gender influencing participant responses.

Published
2016

41. The impact of simulated total surface current velocity observations on operational ocean forecasting and requirements for future satellite missions.

Author

Waters, Jennifer, Martin, Matthew J., Mirouze, Isabelle, Rémy, Elisabeth, King, Robert R., Gaultier, Lucile, Ubelmann, Clement, Donlon, Craig, and Van Gennip, Simon

Subjects
VELOCITY, KALMAN filtering, FORECASTING, SURFACE analysis, INDIVIDUAL development, TIME measurements, OCEAN color, OCEAN
Abstract

Operational forecasts rely on accurate and timely observations and it is important that the ocean forecasting community demonstrates the impact of those observations to the observing community and its funders while providing feedback on requirements for the design of the ocean observing system. One way in which impact of new observations can be assessed is through Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs). Various satellite missions are being proposed to measure Total Surface Current Velocities (TSCV). This study uses OSSEs to assess the potential impact of assimilating TSCV observations. OSSEs have been performed using two global ocean forecasting systems; the Met Office's (MetO) Forecasting Ocean Assimilation Model and the Mercator Ocean International (MOI) system. Developments to the individual systems, the design of the experiments and results have been described in two companion papers. This paper provides an intercomparison of the OSSEs results from the two systems. We show that global near surface velocity analysis root-mean-squared-errors (RMSE) are reduced by 20-30% and 10-15% in the MetO and MOI systems respectively, we also demonstrate that the percentage of particles forecast to be within 50 km of the true particle locations after drifting for 6 days has increased by 9%/7%. Furthermore, we show that the global subsurface velocities are improved down to 1500m in the MetO system and down to 400m in the MOI system. There are some regions where TSCV assimilation degrades the results, notably themiddle of the gyres in the MetOsystem and at depth in the MOI system. Further tuning of the background and observation error covariances are required to improve performance in these regions. We also provide some recommendations on TSCV observation requirements for future satellite missions. We recommend that at least 80% of the ocean surface is observed in less than 4 to 5 days with a horizontal resolution of 20 to 50 km. Observations should be provided within one day of measurement time to allow real time assimilation and should have an accuracy of 10 cm/s in the along and across track direction and uncertainty estimates should be provided with each measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Active drug-coated flow diverter in a preclinical model of intracranial stenting.

Author

King, Robert M., Peker, Ahmet, Epshtein, Mark, Arends, Jennifer M., Brochu, Alice B., Raskett, Christopher M., Slazas, Kimiko J., Puri, Ajit S., Arthur, Adam S., Fiorella, David, Gounis, Matthew J., and Anagnostakou, Vania

Subjects
PREVENTION of surgical complications, NEUROLOGIC examination, STATISTICAL correlation, BASILAR artery, T-test (Statistics), STATISTICAL significance, HEPARIN, OPTICAL coherence tomography, BRAIN, DOGS, MAGNETIC resonance imaging, MANN Whitney U Test, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, THROMBOEMBOLISM, ANIMAL experimentation, NEURORADIOLOGY, DATA analysis software, DRUG-eluting stents
Abstract

Background Flow diverters carry the risk of thromboembolic complications (TEC). We tested a coating with covalently bound heparin that activates antithrombin to address TEC by locally downregulating the coagulation cascade. We hypothesized that the neuroimaging evidence of TEC would be reduced by the coating. Methods 16 dogs were implanted with overlapping flow diverters in the basilar artery, separated into two groups: heparin-coated (n=9) and uncoated (n=7). Following implantation, high-frequency optical coherence tomography (HF-OCT) was acquired to quantify acute thrombus (AT) formation on the flow diverters. MRI was performed postoperatively and repeated at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks, consisting of T1-weighted imaging, time-0f-flight (ToF), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), and fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences. Neurological examinations were performed throughout the 8-week duration of the study. Results The mean AT volume on coated devices was lower than uncoated (0.014 vs 0.018 mm³); however, this was not significant (P=0.3). The mean number of foci of magnetic susceptibility artifacts (MSAs) on SWI was significantly different between the uncoated and coated groups at the 1-week follow-up (P<0.02), and remained statistically different throughout the duration of the study. The AT volume showed a direct linear correlation with the MSA count and 80% of the variance in the MSA could be explained by the AT volume (P<0.001). Pathological analysis showed evidence of ischemic injury at locations of MSA. Conclusions Heparin-coated flow diverters significantly reduced the number of new MSAs after 1 week follow-up, showing the potential to reduce TEC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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43. First-Century Judaism and Polyphasic Culture: The Resurrection of Jesus.

Author

King, Robert A.

Subjects
*JUDAISM, *RESURRECTION (Jewish theology)
Abstract

The physical resurrection of Jesus is one of the primary tenets of Christianity. In modern times this doctrine has been questioned with a variety of different approaches. One of those approaches is the assertion that because the Jews in Palestine during the first century were part of a polyphasic culture, the resurrection was only a culturally-approved conceptualization of visionary experiences outside of time and space. This article discusses this position and explains the complications of such an assertion. This includes first defining and elucidating the characteristics of a polyphasic culture and then examining first-century Judaism within that framework. This paper will further argue that the Jews in first-century Palestine distinguished between different types of extraordinary experiences and exhibited high degrees of skepticism when warranted, especially in regards to the resurrection of Christ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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44. Longitudinal healing flow diverting stents with phosphorylcholine surface modification.

Author

Zoppo, Christopher T., Epshtein, Mark, Gounis, Matthew J., Anagnostakou, Vania, and King, Robert M.

Subjects
INTRACRANIAL aneurysm surgery, COMBINATION drug therapy, IN vitro studies, OPTICAL coherence tomography, ENDOTHELIAL growth factors, KRUSKAL-Wallis Test, FISHER exact test, SURGICAL stents, CHOLINE, ANIMAL experimentation, SCANNING electron microscopy, PLATELET aggregation inhibitors, DATA analysis software, RABBITS
Abstract

Background Flow diversion has become a standard treatment for cerebral aneurysms. However, major drawbacks include the need for dual antiplatelet therapy after implant and delayed complete occlusion of the aneurysm, which occurs when new tissue growth excludes the aneurysm from the parent artery. Biomimetic surface modifications such as the phosphorylcholine polymer (Shield surface modification) represent major advances in reducing thrombogenicity of these devices. However, in vitro studies have raised concerns that this modification may also delay endothelialization of flow diverters. Methods Bare metal Pipeline, Pipeline Shield, and Vantage with Shield devices were implanted in the common carotid arteries (CCAs) of 10 rabbits (two in the left CCA, one in the right CCA). Following implant and at 5, 10, 15, and 30 days, the devices were imaged with high-frequency optical coherence tomography and conventional angiography to evaluate tissue growth. At 30 days the devices were explanted and their endothelial growth was assessed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at five locations along their length using a semiquantitative score. Results The average tissue growth thickness (ATGT) was not different between the three devices. Neointima was apparent at 5 days and all devices demonstrated similar ATGT at each time point. On SEM, no difference was found in the endothelium scores between the device types. Conclusion In vivo, neither the Shield surface modification nor the device design (Vantage) altered the longitudinal healing of the flow diverter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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45. Assessing the potential impact of assimilating total surface current velocities in the Met Office's global ocean forecasting system.

Author

Waters, Jennifer, Martin, Matthew J., Bell, Michael J., King, Robert R., Gaultier, Lucile, Ubelmann, Clément, Donlon, Craig, and Van Gennip, Simon

Subjects
ANTARCTIC Circumpolar Current, OCEAN temperature, GEOSTROPHIC currents, SEA ice, OCEAN, OCEAN currents, MARINE pollution, VELOCITY
Abstract

Accurate prediction of ocean surface currents is important for marine safety, ship routing, tracking of pollutants and in coupled forecasting. Presently, velocity observations are not routinely assimilated in global ocean forecasting systems, largely due to the sparsity of the observation network. Several satellite missions are now being proposed with the capability to measure Total Surface Current Velocities (TSCV). If successful, these would substantially increase the coverage of ocean current observations and could improve accuracy of ocean current forecasts through data assimilation. In this paper, Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) are used to assess the impact of assimilating TSCV in the Met Office's global ocean forecasting system. Synthetic observations are generated from a high-resolution model run for all standard observation types (sea surface temperature, profiles of temperature and salinity, sea level anomaly and sea ice concentration) as well as TSCV observations from a Sea surface KInematics Multiscale monitoring (SKIM) like satellite. The assimilation of SKIM like TSCV observations is tested over an 11 month period. Preliminary experiments assimilating idealised single TSCV observations demonstrate that ageostrophic velocity corrections are not well retained in the model. We propose a method for improving ageostrophic currents through TSCV assimilation by initialising Near Inertial Oscillations with a rotated incremental analysis update (IAU) scheme. The OSSEs show that TSCV assimilation has the potential to significantly improve the prediction of velocities, particularly in the Western Boundary Currents, Antarctic Circumpolar Current and in the near surface equatorial currents. For global surface velocity the analysis root-mean-squareerrors (RMSEs) are reduced by 23% and there is a 4-day gain in forecast RMSE. There are some degradations to the subsurface in the tropics, generally in regions with complex vertical salinity structures. However, outside of the tropics, improvements are seen to velocities throughout the water column. Globally there are also improvements to temperature and sea surface height when TSCV are assimilated. The TSCV assimilation largely corrects the geostrophic ocean currents, but results using the rotated IAU method show that the energy at inertial frequencies can be improved with this method. Overall, the experiments demonstrate significant potential benefit of assimilating TSCV observations in a global ocean forecasting system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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46. Volumetric microscopy of cerebral arteries with a miniaturized optical coherence tomography imaging probe.

Author

Pereira, Vitor M., Lylyk, Pedro, Cancelliere, Nicole, Lylyk, Pedro N., Lylyk, Ivan, Anagnostakou, Vania, Bleise, Carlos, Nishi, Hidehisa, Epshtein, Mark, King, Robert M., Shazeeb, Mohammed Salman, Puri, Ajit S., Liang, Conrad W., Hanel, Ricardo A., Spears, Julian, Marotta, Thomas R., Lopes, Demetrius K., Gounis, Matthew J., and Ughi, Giovanni J.

Subjects
OPTICAL coherence tomography, CEREBRAL arteries, INTERNAL carotid artery, ARTERIAL dissections, POSTERIOR cerebral artery, RETINAL imaging, ARTERIAL diseases
Abstract

Endovascular interventions are increasingly becoming the preferred approach for treating strokes and cerebral artery diseases. These procedures rely on sophisticated angiographical imaging guidance, which encounters challenges because of limited contrast and spatial resolution. Achieving a more precise visualization of the underlying arterial pathology and neurovascular implants is crucial for accurate procedural decision-making. In a human study involving 32 patients, we introduced the clinical application of a miniaturized endovascular neuro optical coherence tomography (nOCT) imaging probe. This technology was designed to navigate the tortuous paths of the cerebrovascular circulation and to offer high-resolution imaging in situ. The nOCT probe is compatible with standard neurovascular microcatheters, integrating with the procedural workflow used in clinical routine. Equipped with a miniaturized optical fiber and a distal lens, the probe illuminates the tissue and collects the backscattered, near-infrared light. While rotating the fiber and the lens at high speed, the probe is rapidly retracted, creating a spiral-shaped light pattern to comprehensively capture the arterial wall and implanted devices. Using nOCT, we demonstrated volumetric microscopy of cerebral arteries in patients undergoing endovascular procedures. We imaged the anterior and posterior circulation of the brain, including distal segments of the internal carotid and middle-cerebral arteries, as well as the vertebral, basilar, and posterior cerebral arteries. We captured a broad spectrum of neurovascular pathologies, such as brain aneurysms, ischemic stroke, arterial stenoses, dissections, and intracranial atherosclerotic disease. nOCT offered artifact-free, high-resolution visualizations of intracranial artery pathology and neurovascular devices. Editor's summary: Cerebrovascular conditions are often treated with endovascular interventions, and it remains difficult to diagnose intracranial artery pathology. Pereira et al. adapted neuro optical coherence tomography (nOCT) technology to image cerebral arteries under different conditions in 32 patients. The nOCT probe was used inside standard microcatheters to produce volumetric microscopic images of cerebral arteries by detection of near-infrared light scattering. Images were acquired in the contexts of aneurysm, ischemic stroke, arterial stenoses, dissections, and atherosclerotic disease. The resulting images provided high-resolution visualization of vessel morphology both before and after clinical interventions in several independent cases. This study provides proof of concept for using optical coherence tomography devices to better understand cerebrovascular pathology and intervention for a range of conditions in the human brain. —Brandon Berry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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