10 results on '"Agriculture (General)"'
Search Results
2. Building capacity in indigenous governance: Comparing the Australian and American experiences.
- Author
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Hendrix, Burke A., Delaney, Danielle, Witmer, Richard C., Moran, Mark, Sanders, Will, and Ganter, Elizabeth
- Subjects
INDIGENOUS Australians ,ETHNIC groups ,PUBLIC contracts ,FINANCIAL accountability ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,GOVERNMENT accountability ,POLITICAL development ,INDIGENOUS art - Abstract
This paper compares key aspects of governance structures for Indigenous populations in the United States and Australia. The paper focuses on policy coordination and administration, in particular the nodes of decision‐making in the two countries in relation to government contracting and accountability. The U.S. approach to funding Indigenous organizations stems from the 1975 Indian Self‐Determination and Education Act and its subsequent expansions. Through the development of contracting into permanent compacting via block grants, this approach builds established nodes of Indigenous government and facilitates whole‐of‐government coherence at the level of the American Indian tribe. The U.S. approach seems correlated with better performance and may lighten bureaucratic loads over the long term. The Australian model, on the other hand, seeks to create whole‐of‐government coherence through top‐down financial accountability in a way that hampers the development of Indigenous political capacity. The paper traces the development of these practices through time and illustrates how they contribute to the fragmentation rather than growth of Indigenous political capacities. It suggests ways the Australian model could be improved even in the absence of fundamental reform by drawing on the contracting‐to‐compacting framework of longstanding U.S. practices. We compare models for funding Indigenous organisations in the United States and Australia. The U.S. approach encourages nodes of Indigenous governance via permanent compacting, and seems correlated with better performance. The Australian approach, on the other hand, pursues whole‐of‐government coherence via unpredictable short‐term contracts that fragment Indigenous political capacities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Spatial, road geometric and biotic factors associated with Barn Owl mortality along an interstate highway.
- Author
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Arnold, Erin M., Regan, Tempe, Belthoff, James R., Hanser, Steven E., Thompson, Jeremy, Lowe, Melinda, and Kociolek, Angela
- Subjects
BARN owl ,ANIMAL mortality ,EXPRESS highways ,GEOGRAPHIC spatial analysis ,POPULATION biology ,GEOMETRIC analysis ,ANIMAL carcasses - Abstract
Highway programmes typically focus on reducing vehicle collisions with large mammals because of economic or safety reasons, while overlooking the millions of birds that die annually from traffic. We studied wildlife–vehicle collisions along an interstate highway in southern Idaho, USA, with among the highest reported rates of American Barn Owl Tyto furcata road mortality. Carcass data from systematic and ad hoc surveys conducted in 2004–2006 and 2013–2015 were used to explore the extent to which spatial, road geometric and biotic factors explained Barn Owl–vehicle collisions. Barn Owls outnumbered all other identified vertebrate species of roadkill and represented > 25% of individuals and 73.6% of road‐killed birds. At a 1‐km highway segment scale, the number of dead Barn Owls decreased with increasing numbers of human structures, cumulative length of secondary roads near the highway and width of the highway median. The number of dead Barn Owls increased with higher commercial average annual daily traffic (CAADT), small mammal abundance index and grass rather than shrubs in the roadside verge. The small mammal abundance index was also greater in roadsides with grass vs. mixed shrubs, suggesting that Barn Owls may be attracted to grassy portions of the highway with more abundant small mammals for hunting prey. When assessed at a 3‐km highway segment scale, the number of dead Barn Owls again increased, with higher CAADT as well as with greater numbers of dairy farms. At a 5‐km scale, the number of dead Barn Owls increased with a greater percentage of cropland near the highway. Although human conversion of the environment from natural shrub‐steppe to irrigated agriculture in this region of Idaho has probably enhanced habitat for Barns Owls, it simultaneously has increased risk for owl–vehicle collisions where an interstate highway traverses the altered landscape. We review some approaches for highway mitigation and suggest that reducing wildlife–vehicle collisions involving Barn Owls may contribute to the persistence of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. FEDERAL REGISTER.
- Subjects
ADMINISTRATIVE acts ,GOVERNMENT agencies ,PROCLAMATIONS - Abstract
The article presents notices of the proposed rules and regulations issued by the different U.S. government agencies as of February 27, 2015. Topics of the notices include regulatory documents, proclamations, administrative orders and comments for request for proposals. The issuing agencies include the Department of Agriculture, General Services Administration and Department of Transportation.
- Published
- 2015
5. In the Spotlight: Rick Crawford.
- Subjects
POLITICAL campaigns ,AMERICAN politicians ,UNITED States politics & government, 2017-2021 - Published
- 2018
6. U.S. Agricultural Commodity Organizations' Use of Blogs as a Communications Tool.
- Author
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Moore, Madeline L., Meyers, Courtney, Irlbeck, Erica, and Burris, Scott
- Subjects
BLOGS ,AGRICULTURAL industries ,AGRICULTURAL organizations ,COMMUNICATIONS software ,PUBLIC relations ,AGRICULTURAL innovations - Abstract
Current communications trends and social media have given individuals and organizations unprecedented opportunities to build relationships with audience members while introducing and encouraging new perspectives. One particular form of social media is blogging, which allows people to share a wider variety of information than other forms of social media. The purpose of this study was to explore how agricultural commodity organizations use blogs as a communication tool. The researchers purposively selected nine U.S. agricultural commodity groups that had an organizational blog and collected data through in-depth interviews. The findings indicated the organizations started blogging because blogs were the newest communication tool they could use to reach new and traditional audiences. The commodity organizations used some online analytics and mentions on other social media outlets to measure blog success, but they did not establish goals for their blog prior to the blog's launch. The findings offer an understanding of how agricultural commodity organizations are utilizing blogs, which provides insight for others in the agricultural industry who may decide to use this technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. FEDERAL REGISTER.
- Subjects
DRIVERS' licenses ,AUTOMOBILE driving laws ,GOVERNMENT agencies ,IDENTIFICATION cards - Abstract
The article focuses on several rules and regulations passed in the U.S. and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations. Topics include minimum standards for driver's licenses and identification cards acceptable by the federal agencies for official purposes, and the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration ( FAA) reviewed Boeing Alert Service Bulletin 737–53A1362, dated September 20, 2018.
- Published
- 2019
8. FEDERAL REGISTER.
- Subjects
NOTICE of proposed rulemaking (Administrative law) ,GOVERNMENT agency rules & practices ,GOVERNMENT agencies - Abstract
The volume 82, number 196, October 12, 2017 issue of the "Federal Register" journal is presented. Several proposed rules and regulations, changes to existing rules, and notices of meetings and adjudicatory proceedings are provided which were issued by various government agencies in the U.S. These government agencies include Agriculture Department, Coast Guard, and Commerce Department. Also given are presidential documents including executive orders and proclamations.
- Published
- 2017
9. Providing Effective Environmental Enrichment to Pigs: How Far Have We Come?
- Author
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van de Weerd, Heleen and Ison, Sarah
- Subjects
SWINE ,SCIENTIFIC knowledge ,ANIMAL welfare laws ,BUSINESSWOMEN ,ANIMAL welfare ,PUBLIC welfare ,KNOWLEDGE transfer - Abstract
Simple Summary: The welfare of farmed pigs can be improved by modifying their environment with bedding, substrates, or objects, so that they can perform more of their pig-specific behaviours. Scientific knowledge on effective enrichment for pigs is not necessarily reaching farms and this paper provides an overview of this issue in the three largest global pork producing regions. In the USA, enrichment has not yet appeared on farms, except when required by higher welfare farm schemes. China hardly has any animal welfare legislation and food safety concerns restrict the use of enrichment on farms. Providing pig enrichment is required by law in EU Member States. In practice, enrichment is not always present, or is unsuitable or inadequate. Other risks to animal welfare include inadequate presentation, location, quantity and size, and maintenance of enrichment. Improvements can be made by applying principles from other fields of behavioural science; welfare knowledge transfer and training to farms; highlighting the economic benefits of effective enrichment; increasing pressure from the financial sector; using novel drivers of change, such as public benchmarking. The poor implementation of scientific knowledge on farms suggests that the industry has not fully embraced the benefits of effective enrichment. Science has defined the characteristics of effective environmental enrichment for pigs. We provide an overview of progress towards the provision of pig enrichment in the three largest global pork producing regions. In the USA, enrichment has not yet featured on the policy agenda, nor appeared on farms, except when required by certain farm assurance schemes. China has very limited legal animal welfare provisions and public awareness of animal welfare is very low. Food safety concerns severely restrict the use of substrates (as enrichment) on farms. Providing enrichment to pigs is a legal requirement in the EU. In practice, enrichment is not present, or simple (point-source) objects are provided which have no enduring value. Other common issues are the provision of non-effective or hazardous objects, inadequate presentation, location, quantity and size or inadequate maintenance of enrichment. Improvements can be made by applying principles from the field of experimental analysis of behaviour to evaluate the effectiveness of enrichment; providing welfare knowledge transfer, including training and advisory services; highlighting the economic benefits of effective enrichment and focusing on return on investment; increasing pressure from the financial sector; using novel drivers of change, such as public business benchmarking. The poor implementation of scientific knowledge on farms suggests that the pig industry has not fully embraced the benefits of effective enrichment and is still a long way off achieving an enriched pig population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. FEDERAL REGISTER.
- Subjects
GOVERNMENT agencies ,HARBORS ,PUBLIC meetings of government agencies ,SAFETY ,GOVERNMENT agency rules & practices - Abstract
The article offers information on several U.S. government agency rules, proposed rules and public notices as of October 13, 2015. Included are the Customs and Border Protection's interim final rule on the automated commercial environment for electronic entry and entry summary filings, the Coast Guard's temporary final rule on the safety zone on the waters of Great Egg Harbor in Somers Point, New Jersey, and the Department of Defense's notice of federal advisory committee meeting on October 22.
- Published
- 2015
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