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Community-based organizations (CBOs) are key players in mitigating the impact of restrictive policy changes on immigrant communities. The ability of these organizations to help diffuse the stress caused by restrictive, rapidly changing immigration policies depends, in part, on the capacity and health of their workforce. This study presents findings from a qualitative study conducted with 10 Bangladeshi community frontline workers working in various CBOs and advocacy organizations to understand their experience navigating a heightened anti-immigrant, anti-Muslim climate. Through thematic analyses, we inferred that the 2016 presidential election increased stress and mobilization among community frontline workers, with a meaningful distinction between participants working for immigration-focused institutions versus those in institutions where immigration issues were not the primary focus (e.g. health services, cultural programming). For those working in immigration-focused institutions, work burden increased due to challenges in managing misinformation, making sense of policy changes, and meeting the needs of families impacted by deportation. A toll on frontline workers' own physical health and mental health was discussed, as well as the need for culturally congruent mental health supports for the South Asian community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines how immigration flows caused by the disintegration of states and globalisation change the composition of the labour force and how human capital is transferred from countries of the former Soviet Union to Russia. We estimate the contribution of imperfect human capital transferability to explaining the immigrant–native income differentials by using the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey of 2009–2012. The findings reveal that the income of foreign-born people who moved before the disintegration of the USSR is not significantly different from the income of native-born citizens. In contrast, foreign-born groups who immigrated to Russia after the disintegration of the USSR have lower incomes than the native-born group. In addition, the income premium on education and labour experience received in host countries of the foreign-born group is lower compared to the income premium on education and labour experience received in Russia. An important factor explaining the difference in income between natives and foreign-born people who moved to Russia after the collapse of the USSR is the imperfection in the mechanism of human capital transferability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using microdata from Statistics Canada's Labour Force Survey (LFS) and Population Census, this paper explores how spatial characteristics are correlated with temporary employment outcomes for Canada's immigrant population. Results from ordinary least square regression models suggest that census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations (CMAs/CAs) characterized by a high share of racialized immigrants, immigrants in low-income, young, aged immigrants, unemployed immigrants, and immigrants employed in health and service occupations were positively associated with an increase in temporary employment for immigrants. Furthermore, findings from principal component regression models revealed that a combination of spatial characteristics, namely CMAs/CAs characterized by both a high share of unemployed immigrants and immigrants in poverty, had a greater likelihood of immigrants being employed temporarily. The significance of this study lies in the spatial conceptualization of temporary employment for immigrants that could better inform spatially targeted employment policies, especially in the wake of the structural shift in the nature of work brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the COVID‐19 pandemic emerged, instances of anti‐immigrant racism and more specifically anti‐Asian racism appeared to increase across Canada. Recognising the need to further explore and document racism and its link with the COVID‐19 pandemic, this paper explores the impact of COVID‐19 on the experiences of racism and discrimination. Using neoracism as a theoretical framework, the research is set in the city of Hamilton, Ontario, a city that has struggled with high levels of racism and discrimination in recent years. The paper draws upon both an online survey as well as interviews that explored the lived experiences of racialized individuals within the city and their experiences with racism as the pandemic progressed. Results note that individuals felt that racism and discrimination increased during the pandemic and was experienced in housing, the labour force and other public situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-skilled immigration has been argued to lower the price of services that are close substitutes for household production, reducing barriers for women to enter the labor market. Therefore, policies that reduce the number of low-skilled immigrants who work predominantly in low-skilled service occupations may have an unintended consequence of lowering women's participation in the labor market. This article examines the labor supply impact of the Legal Arizona Workers Act (LAWA), which led to a large decline in the low-skilled immigrant workforce of the state. The analysis shows no evidence that LAWA statistically significantly affected US-born women's labor supply in Arizona. This finding is partly explained by an increase in native workers in household service occupations due to LAWA, which offset the decline in immigrants in these occupations and caused the cost of household services to be relatively uninfluenced by the passage of LAWA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses Romanian immigration in Spain by focusing on the role the media play in society-making in the light of the three television spots released as part of the multi-media Hola, soy rumano campaign, commissioned by the Romanian Government to improve the image of Romanian immigrants among Spanish nationals. Informed by Gane's reading of Lyotardian theory and Couldry's conception of media reception, the semiotic analysis of the spots will attempt to bring to the fore several possible readings of the texts under scrutiny, which will eventually be crossed with media practices relating to the consumption of the said texts. Results will point to the not very successful, and probably unexpected, impact of the campaign, which will be linked to the complex national identity issues currently in force in Spain, as well as the othering of immigrant communities in the country. The novelty of the present work lies in its interdisciplinary approach to the phenomenon of immigration, and its focus on Romanian immigration in Spain—a country in which, as in Italy, immigration studies are still in their infancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The labour market integration of immigrants is often time-consuming and a socially selective process that depends on macroeconomic, institutional and individual characteristics. In this paper, we studied the labour market integration of immigrants as a longitudinal process through different patterns of labour market attachment. Using information about individuals' main activity statuses based on the Finnish Longitudinal Employer-Employee Data (FLEED) and using sequence analysis, we followed the labour market transitions of immigrants during the years 2000-2010. The theory on transitional labour markets provides an analytical tool for analysing the heterogeneity of the individuals' labour market attachment. The results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the labour market integration of immigrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using data from 'The Immigrants Survey' we compare economic incorporation of four ethnic groups of immigrants who arrived to Israel between 1990 and 2007: Ethiopia, Western Europe and the Americas, Asia and North Africa, and the Former Soviet Union. Labor market incorporation is evaluated in terms of labor force participation, occupational attainment and earnings. The analysis reveals that regardless of ethnicity, when compared to native-born, immigrant women face greater disadvantages in the labor market than immigrant men. Further analysis reveals that immigrants from the Former Soviet Union are more likely to become economically active than the other groups; immigrants from Europe and the Americas have better access to high status occupations than do either immigrant Former Soviet Union or Asia and Africa and Ethiopia. Ethiopian immigrants are the most disadvantaged group in attainment of high status lucrative occupations and earnings. The findings point toward an ethnic hierarchy among post-1990 immigrants in Israel with European-Americans at the top, followed by Soviet immigrants, followed by immigrants from Asia-Africa and ending with Ethiopian immigrants at the bottom. The meaning of these findings for possibility of emergence of a more diversified and elaborated system of ethnic stratification is discussed in light of Israel's immigration policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this report is to analyse the effect of immigration from A8 countries on wages of UK residents using the UK Labour Force Survey data. The analysis finds no significant overall impact of A8 immigration on the wages of those already resident in the UK. Our findings suggest that it is not necessary for policy makers to impose additional restrictions on immigrants from the European Union. Furthermore, any potential negative effects on unskilled resident workers can be mitigated by policies such as a robust minimum wage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A significant number of immigrants fail to realise their full potential in the US labour markets, as evidenced by those working in occupations requiring skill levels far below their own level of education. While previous studies have studied immigrant underemployment with a focus on individual labour force characteristics, the spatial dimensions of immigrant underemployment have been largely overlooked. Using microdata from the 2006–2010 American Community Survey and a multilevel research design, this study examines the interaction of metropolitan labour market characteristics with individual labour force’s underemployment experiences, and explores how these interaction effects differ between the foreign-born and the native-born. Results suggest that the probability of individual labour force’s underemployment within any metropolitan area is highly contingent on metropolitan labour market characteristics including ethnic diversity, the proportion of its foreign-born population, the economic structure, and the level of educational attainment of the labour force, in addition to individual characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The long-term care (LTC) sector will soon face a shortage of care workers. The consequences are potentially dramatic, urging the need to design policies aiming at reducing the turnover rate of LTC workers. Immigrant workers are an important part of the LTC workforce. Pooling data from the Annual Social and Economic (ASEC) supplement to the Current Population Survey (CPS) for years 2003–2019, we compare US-born and immigrant LTC workers' propensity to stay in the LTC workforce over one year. We distinguish two categories of LTC workers: personal care workers and nurses. We show that for both categories, naturalized citizens, legal noncitizen immigrants, and unauthorized immigrants have a higher probability of staying in the LTC workforce compared to US-born citizens. We provide two potential explanations: we show that immigrant personal care workers are more likely to report a better health, and that immigrant nurses have a lower wage variation sensitivity. Our results also suggest that wage increases are likely to be associated with higher retention rates in the profession. • In the United-States, the LTC sector faces a shortage of care suppliers. • Immigrants are more likely to stay into the LTC workforce than US-born workers. • Priority should be given to policies increasing hourly wages in the LTC sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]