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This paper compares the performances of protection coordination [time setting and zone selection interlocking (ZSI)] and digital modular protection, when deployed for grid-connected battery storage systems (BSSs). The comparison between these protection management methods is made in terms of their structures, functionalities, and response capabilities. These criteria are selected to demonstrate possible impacts of the system configuration and mode of operating a grid-connected BSS on protection responses. The performance comparison among the time-setting coordination, the ZSI coordination, and the digital modular protection is conducted for different grid-connected BSSs, when operated for various fault and non-fault conditions. Performance results show that the protection coordination can offer a simple structure that is set to achieve specific response (TRIP and RESTRAIN). In addition, performance results show that the digital modular protection can offer diverse responses (TRIP, RESTRAIN, and ACTIVATE), which mandate for a digital implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a new approach for detecting and identifying arc flash faults in power systems. The proposed approach is structured to extract the phases of transient frequency components present in arc flash fault currents. The desired phases can be extracted by processing fault currents using a modulated filter bank that is composed of high-pass finite impulse response (FIR) filters. These filters are designed by using the Kaiser window method to achieve linear phase responses. Extracting the phases of transient frequency components, present in arc flash fault currents, can provide signature information for accurate and fast detection and distinguish of an arc flash fault. The proposed phase-based approach is implemented for off-line testing to evaluate its performance. Test cases of parallel and series arch flash faults are conducted for supplying linear, nonlinear, and dynamic loads. Simulation and off-line results demonstrate the validity, accuracy, speed, and reliability of the phase-based approach to detect and distinguish arc flash faults with minor sensitivities to the load type and arch flash type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]