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The Australian Entomologist is a quarterly, refereed journal which publishes manuscripts dealing with native insects and other arthropods of Australia and nearby land masses east of the Wallace Line. In its 50th year of operation, the history of its transition from a privately-run, print-only journal in Sydney to a print and electronic journal owned and operated by the Entomological Society of Queensland in Brisbane is described. All editorial and management staff since transfer to ESQ in 1987 are listed and the pages sizes and issue dates of part numbers since foundation are tabulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Olympic bidding process prior to 2024 was altered in 2019 to provide greater transparency and reduce unnecessary work related to the preparation for each bid, of which there can only be one host. This paper analyses the process of the 2032 Olympics through the notion of a preferred candidate in Brisbane, Australia. Through a document analysis of five official documents and submissions in the lead up to the IOC announcement of the preferred bid in February 2021, this paper elucidates how the Olympic Movement is shaped and refined to offer a more nuanced perspective of how such a preferred bid could be advantageous in terms of more inclusive legacy outcomes to the IOC, as well as the destination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The January 2011 flood event that impacted southeast Queensland is amongst the most extensive and severe floods in terms of loss of life and property damage that the region has experienced, despite it being only the eighth highest flood on record at the Brisbane City Gauge. The spring of 2010 was the wettest on record for Queensland, New South Wales, and the Murray-Darling Basin (Bureau of Meteorology 2011a) at that time. The flood mitigation dams in the region, Somerset Dam and Wivenhoe Dam, had to be operated for flood mitigation purposes during October 2010, which was the first occasion since February 2001 that Wivenhoe Dam had been called into action due to the Millennium Drought. The wet October was followed by a very dry November which, in turn, was followed by the wettest December on record for Brisbane. Somerset Dam and Wivenhoe Dam were again pressed into action on three separate occasions during December 2010. The resultant releases ensured that only minor flooding resulted in the Lower Brisbane River during these events. However, on the 5th of January 2011, another rainfall event started to unfold across the catchments of the dams. By the 10th of January 2011, an upper-level low combined with a humid easterly flow to bring very heavy rainfall and flash flooding to southeast Queensland and northeast New South Wales. The heaviest falls were in the areas north and west of Brisbane, with three-day totals exceeding 200 mm over most of the Brisbane River catchment. This rainfall event resulted in a flood of record in the Upper Brisbane River and Upper Lockyer Creek catchments that sadly resulted in a substantial loss of life in Toowoomba and the Lockyer Valley, and which required record releases from Wivenhoe Dam. The resultant downstream flooding saw some 14,000 properties impacted, principally in the Lockyer Valley Regional Council, Somerset Regional Council, Brisbane City Council, and Ipswich City Council local government regions. Flood damage was estimated to be around $2.53 billion. This paper discusses the event as it unfolded and the subsequent judicial inquiries, engineering reviews, and legal proceedings that resulted from the consequences of the operation of Somerset Dam and Wivenhoe Dam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 'Wild Australia Show' was a travelling troupe of Aboriginal performers who, during 1892-93, performed in Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne where they were photographed by leading studio portraitists of the time. The vast majority of the over 160 collected photos of the troupe are very poorly provenanced, with the performers' names and language group identities often inaccurately spelt partly due to being initially mis-heard and mis-pronounced; and in a proportion of cases photos are non-provenanced. This paper contains an introduction to the photographs, names and group identities of the 27 Aboriginal participants who were drawn from the Queensland frontiers, with a description of the methodology of how their identities were derived from a complex, contradictory, but ethnographically limited corpus of data. This research in visual anthropology represents a contribution to correcting the often ethnocentric and racist legacy of colonial Indigenous museum collections - the failure to recognise and acknowledge basic human identity and familial and social affiliations amongst First Nations peoples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cities all over the world have activated policy support for urban consolidation in recent decades. Rationales for urban consolidation focus on its perceived ability to achieve sustainability goals, including decreased automobile dependence, increased social cohesion and greater walkability. Despite this, there are few international examples of urban consolidation policy implementation that has achieved its stated aims. This paper explores the nature and character of perceptions of urban consolidation held by urban planners, developers, architects and local politicians. The perspectives held by these ‘city shapers’ are integral to urban consolidation debates and delivery, yet the nature and character of their specific views are underexplored in urban studies literature. This paper combines the theoretical lens of Social Representations Theory with the methodological approach of Q-methodology to understand the common sense understandings of urban consolidation held by city shapers in Brisbane, Australia. It identifies, synthesises and critically discusses the social representations employed by city shapers to understand, promote and communicate about urban consolidation. Findings indicate that urban consolidation debates and justifications diverge significantly from stated policy intentions and are based on differing views on ‘good’ urban form, the role of planning and community consultation and the value of higher density housing. We conclude that there is utility and value in identifying how urban consolidation strategies are influenced by the shared beliefs, myths and perceptions held by city shapers. Understanding these narratives and their influence is fundamental to understanding the power-laden manipulation of policy definitions and development outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to bridge a gap in Australian art histories by examining the contribution of Northern Queensland to the Australian arts narrative. The story of the visual arts in Australia is often written from the perspective of the southern states, and the story of Queensland art is often written from the perspective of its capital, Brisbane. This is despite the early depiction of the rich flora and fauna of Far North Queensland recognised in early surveys. In examining the history of the arts from the north however, key themes emerge that characterise and challenge understandings of the visual arts in Queensland. By exploring the work of artist Clem Forbes (1938-1997) and sculptor Tom Risley (1947-2010) this paper suggests that the contribution made by artists living and working in Northern Queensland can throw light on what is distinct about the north as a vision of Australian art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental context: Biosolids are nutrient-rich organic materials. They can be used as fertiliser and solid amendments in agriculture if treated according to regulatory requirements. If farming applications of biosolids decline due to potential pollution from their heavy metal content, an alternative to traditional methods of biosolid disposal is required. In this context, thermal processing of biosolids is an economically and environmentally suitable option to convert large quantities of biosolids into useful energy. Rationale: Due to more stringent environmental regulations and frequently required long-distance transportation, the traditional disposal of biosolids from wastewater treatment plants in landfills and farms is becoming unsustainable. A potentially economical and environmental option is the thermochemical conversion of biosolids into energy and value-added products. This paper describes the chemical composition and energy content of a representative biosolid sample collected from a major wastewater-treatment plant in Queensland, Australia. Methodology: The thermochemical behaviour and compositional changes in biosolids were investigated under a wide range of pyrolysis and gasification conditions using a horizontal tube furnace (HTF), a fixed-bed reactor and a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). In terms of practical application of by-products, we describe mineral matter transformations in char and ashes during pyrolysis and volatilisation as well as under different gasification conditions. Results: HTF experiments revealed that at pyrolysis below 800°C, mainly organic species were released, while losses of inorganic elements (phosphorus, magnesium and zinc) occurred at higher temperatures. In-situ gasification behaviour of biosolid chars in the TGA reactor showed that the gasification reaction of biosolid chars occurred rapidly at temperatures above 720°C, regardless of the pyrolysis temperatures at which those chars were produced. Mineral matter transformations began at temperatures above 600°C, and mainly involved the transformation of amorphous phases into crystalline oxide and phosphide forms. Under gasification conditions, all crystalline phases appeared as different phosphates and alumino-silicates. Discussion: The methods described here provide different options for the disposal of biosolids from wastewater by adjusting and optimising thermochemical conversion processes. Environmental context. Biosolids are nutrient-rich organic materials. They can be used as fertiliser and solid amendments in agriculture if treated according to regulatory requirements. If farming applications of biosolids decline due to potential pollution from their heavy metal content, an alternative to traditional methods of biosolid disposal is required. In this context, thermal processing of biosolids is an economically and environmentally suitable option to convert large quantities of biosolids into useful energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Suicide in young people is a leading cause of death. Interventions that are reflexive, tailored, and developed in concert with this at-risk population are needed. This study aimed to integrate lived-experience into the design of a suicide prevention intervention delivered by phone to young people post-discharge from an emergency department (ED) for suicide risk or self-harm. Methods: Qualitative study was conducted at the Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia. Four focus groups with young people with lived-experience, parents or carers and ED mental health clinicals were conducted. In total 5 young people with lived-experience of suicidality (17–21 years, Mage = 19.20), 3 parents and carers with a lived-experience of caring for a young person with mental illness, and 10 ED mental health clinicians participated in focus groups. The first phase of qualitative analysis involved a phenomenological analysis and second phase included a deductive content analysis. The paper is following the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Results: First phase, a phenomenological analysis identified three foundational themes to structure future follow-up phone interventions: a person-centred focus, the phone-call dynamic, and the phone-call purpose. Second phase, a deductive content analysis found that participants preferred an intervention that was structured, consistent, and finite. Moreover, an intervention that was authentic, able to facilitate and empower growing independence, and achievable of young people after an ED presentation was desired. Conclusions: Participants expressed their desire for a responsive, structured, and clearly focused phone call that would recognise the young person and parent/carer's needs while providing tailored support to ease transition from the ED to available community and family led care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines domestic violence. We present insights from a highly influential paper. Here are the highlights from this paper: How police respond to domestic and family violence (DFV) has important ramifications for the safety of women and their children. Despite recognition of the key role police play in responding to DFV and the importance of the perspectives of survivors in informing appropriate responses, there has been no recent exploration of survivors' experiences of the police response to DFV in Queensland. This article draws on interviews with women in Brisbane, Australia, who have experienced DFV and engaged in some way with the legal system. It explores women's reasons for calling, or not calling, the police and their experiences with police between 2014 and 2017. The article highlights the role of police culture in appropriately responding to DFV. It suggests that cultural change is needed and may be facilitated by ongoing training, addressing gender balance within the police service and introducing women-only police stations. For our overseas readers, we then present the insights from this paper in Spanish, French, Portuguese, and German. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on a Queensland supreme court trial during World War I. In October 1916, a Protestant weekly, the Sentinel, accused, without naming him, a Catholic businessman in Brisbane's Fortitude Valley of disloyalty, undermining the war effort and discrimination against non-Catholics. Thomas Charles Beirne, a legislative councillor, was the most prominent Irish Catholic retailer in the city. He took himself to be both the target and a casualty of the paragraph and sued the Sentinel's editor and printer. The ensuing trial exposed some of the dynamics of Brisbane's Catholic- Protestant divide during the Great War. This paper situates the trial in a series of sectarian exchanges triggered by the Easter Rising in Dublin and intensified by the debate over conscription. The paper appraises the consequences of the Beirne libel trial and verdict for the individuals involved and the wider community. It also considers some implications of the case for the meaning, memory and historiography of sectarianism in Queensland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structural reform through forced mergers has been a dominant feature of Australian local government for decades. Advocates of compulsory consolidation contend that larger municipalities perform better across a wide range of attributes, including financial sustainability. Although empirical scholars of local government have invested considerable effort into investigating these claims, no one has yet examined the performance of Brisbane City Council against other local authorities, despite the fact that it is by far the largest council in Australia. This paper seeks to remedy this neglect by comparing Brisbane with Sydney City Council, an average of six southeast Queensland councils and an average of 10 metropolitan New South Wales councils against four measures of financial performance over the period 2008-2011. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The earliest record of pineapple plants being grown around Sydney in the British colony of New South Wales was that of Governor King in 1803. However, the climate of a new northern settlement at Moreton Bay (later Brisbane) soon proved to be far more conducive to growing the fruit. Pineapples prospered for over 50 years around Brisbane until a mysterious disease appeared in the late 1890s. In April 1891, Professor Edward Shelton, an American who had been appointed as the Queensland government's first Instructor in Agriculture, was the first scientist to inspect the affected crops and concluded that the disease was caused by a fungus. In the following year, Shelton, Henry Tryon (then assistant curator at the Queensland Museum) and others again inspected the diseased pineapple crops. Tryon described the symptoms in detail as well as spores which were composed of two rounded elements, each having a double contour (chlamydospores). There is no doubt that the disease was caused by the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi that was described decades later. In 1897, Shelton was passionate about agricultural education and was appointed as the first principal of the Gatton Agricultural College, but his disciplining of some students of the college led to his forced resignation just 18 months later. In the early 1890s a serious mystery disease appeared in pineapple plantations around Brisbane, Queensland. The American-born Professor Edward Shelton, Queensland's first instructor in agriculture, Henry Tryon, assistant curator at the Queensland Museum, and others inspected diseased plants and concluded that the disease was caused by a fungus, later identified as the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi. Shelton went on to become the first principal of the Gatton Agricultural College, but was forced to resign after severely disciplining some of the students. Photograph by an unknown person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

North Lakes is a master planned community (MPC) north of Brisbane which was initiated in 1995 by Lend Lease Development. Private developers, along with State governments, local councils and the local community, can play key roles in land use planning and the development of infrastructure and services in MPCs. This paper addresses the lack of information about the actual roles various stakeholder groups play in MPCs as they are planned and develop and the policy and decision networks and governance structures that are utilised. The involvement of the private sector in governance processes raises issues, which are explored in the paper, about democratic legitimacy, accountability and transparency, and the interaction of sectoral and public interests in the network society. In North Lakes, the local and State governments and the private developer, all played an active role in the governance and planning of the MPC but community sector groups played a limited role. Given the likely future planning context of governments, private and community sector actors negotiating and collaborating about sectoral and public interests in urban development, it remains important for governments to play a leading role in the process and in facilitating the development of a shared community vision. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The fidelity of the decadal experiment in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase-5 (CMIP5) has been examined, over different climate variables for multiple temporal and spatial scales, in many previous studies. However, most of the studies were for the temperature and temperature-based climate indices. A quite limited study was conducted on precipitation of decadal experiment, and no attention was paid to the catchment level. This study evaluates the performances of eight GCMs (MIROC4h, EC-EARTH, MRI-CGCM3, MPI-ESM-MR, MPI-ESM-LR, MIROC5, CMCC-CM, and CanCM4) for the monthly hindcast precipitation of decadal experiment over the Brisbane River catchment in Queensland, Australia. First, the GCMs datasets were spatially interpolated onto a spatial resolution of 0.05 × 0.05° (5 × 5 km) matching with the grids of observed data and then were cut for the catchment. Next, model outputs were evaluated for temporal skills, dry and wet periods, and total precipitation (over time and space) based on the observed values. Skill test results revealed that model performances varied over the initialization years and showed comparatively higher scores from the initialization year 1990 and onward. Models with finer spatial resolutions showed comparatively better performances as opposed to the models of coarse spatial resolutions, where MIROC4h outperformed followed by EC-EARTH and MRI-CGCM3. Based on the performances, models were grouped into three categories, where models (MIROC4h, EC-EARTH, and MRI-CGCM3) with high performances fell in the first category, and middle (MPI-ESM-LR and MPI-ESM-MR) and comparatively low-performing models (MIROC5, CanCM4, and CMCC-CM) fell in the second and third categories, respectively. To compare the performances of multi-model ensembles' mean (MMEMs), three MMEMs were formed. The arithmetic mean of the first category formed MMEM1, the second and third categories formed MMEM2, and all eight models formed MMEM3. The performances of MMEMs were also assessed using the same skill tests, and MMEM2 performed best, which suggests that evaluation of models' performances is highly important before the formation of MMEM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Issue Addressed: Gender and sexually diverse young people (GSDYP) are an important target group for HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention and there is an immediate need to explore ways to make testing interventions accessible and appropriate for this group.Methods: We used a modified World Café workshop with 14 GSDYP in Brisbane Australia, to inform the development of a pilot community-based testing intervention.Results: The workshop identified the key features of an ideal service, which would include multiple, accessible sites that offer holistic, affordable services and confidential care by respectful and knowledgeable providers. The service would allow young people to engage in decision-making processes, have a culturally inclusive, comfortable and friendly atmosphere, and provide free sexual and reproductive health technologies.Conclusion: When designing HIV/STI testing interventions for key groups, health promotion practitioners need to be cognisant of localised and nuanced expectations and ensure that services are tailored to the needs and experiences of the local population. SO WHAT?: This study provides insights into the needs and expectations of HIV/STI testing interventions for GSDYP in Australia, a key at-risk group whose perspectives are not adequately voiced in sexual health research and intervention design.Summary: This study explores facilitators and current barriers to HIV/STI testing with a group of gender and sexually diverse young people in Brisbane, Australia. Outcomes provide insights into the needs and expectations of HIV/STI testing services for this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Reveals the significance of place quality for innovation districts' performance. • Determines the generic place characteristics of innovation districts. • Expands our understanding on the place quality issues of innovation clusters. • Develops a framework for investigating place characteristics in innovation districts. • Evaluates Brisbane's knowledge precincts in terms of their place characteristics. Abstract The emergence of knowledge economy has prompted many cities across the globe to provide special zones for concentrated knowledge and innovative activities. These zones require specific place characteristics to foster, attract and retain talent and investment and inconsequence accelerate their socioeconomic performance. Our understanding on such characteristics of these zones—so-called innovation districts—, however, still remains limited. This paper aims to identify the essential place characteristics of innovation districts. The methodological approach includes mixed methods—qualitative and quantitative—to analyse data from three case studies that are designated as innovation districts in Brisbane, Australia. The results reveal a list of essential place characteristics and specific strengths and weaknesses of the investigated case innovation districts in fostering, attracting and retaining talent and investment. The findings of the study inform policymakers, urban and economic development planners, architects and urban designers in their decisions on various aspects of innovation districts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The publication that resulted from the 50th anniversary of the Society in 1973 (Changing Patterns in Entomology, 1974) gives us clear evidence of the energetic and intellectually stimulating entomological world fostered by the Entomological Society of Queensland. Entomologists at the Jubilee projected their views on the future of entomology over the following 50 years and came close to the mark in many ways. I consider myself fortunate to have passed my immature entomological stages in Brisbane during those halcyon days last century, just after the jubilee. However, Changing Patterns did not foresee the dramatic institutional shifts and cultural changes that would impact entomology both in Brisbane and nationally over the following decades. The two most significant impacts on biological science over the past 50 years have been the (1) continued increase in computer processing power and the associated growth of the internet, and (2) the ability to sequence ever larger portions of the genome cheaply and quickly. I will examine how these twin forces have shaped Australian entomology since the jubilee of the Society, with emphasis on my main interests in and around taxonomy and systematics. Examples will include interactive identification keys including the Lucid software suite, developed in Brisbane by the CRC for Tropical Pest Management, and the increasing importance of digitising and databasing in the life of biological collections. I will also focus on the modern ability of very large DNA sequence datasets to reconstruct insect evolutionary history since they crawled onto land half a billion years ago. Finally, I will examine how the planning of national scientific infrastructure could impact large entomological collections such as those held by the Queensland Museum and CSIRO over the coming years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pyrrhoderma noxium is a plant fungal pathogen that induces the disease of brown root rot in a large variety of tree species. It is currently infecting many of the amenity trees within Brisbane City of Queensland, Australia. Steering away from harmful chemical fungicides, biological control agents offer environmentally friendly alternatives. Streptomycetes are known for their production of novel bioactive secondary metabolites with biocontrol potential, particularly, streptomycete symbionts isolated from unique ecological niches. In this study, 37 termite gut-associated actinomycete isolates were identified using molecular methods and screened against P. noxium. A majority of the isolates belonged to the genus Streptomyces, and 15 isolates exhibited strong antifungal activity with up to 98.5% mycelial inhibition of the fungal pathogen. MS/MS molecular networking analysis of the isolates' fermentation extracts revealed several chemical classes with polyketides being among the most abundant. Most of the metabolites, however, did not have matches to the GNPS database, indicating potential novel antifungal compounds in the active extracts obtained from the isolates. Pathway enrichment and overrepresentation analyses revealed pathways relating to polyketide antibiotic production, among other antibiotic pathways, further confirming the biosynthetic potential of the termite gut-associated streptomycetes with biocontrol potential against P. noxium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a Bayesian model which produces probabilistic reconstructions of hydroclimatic variability in Queensland Australia. The model provides a standardized approach to hydroclimate reconstruction using multiple palaeoclimate proxy records derived from natural archives such as speleothems, ice cores and tree rings. The method combines time‐series modeling with inverse prediction to quantify the relationships between a given hydroclimate index and relevant proxies over an instrumental period and subsequently reconstruct the hydroclimate back through time. We present case studies for Brisbane and Fitzroy catchments focusing on two hydroclimate indices, the Rainfall Index (RFI) and the Standardized Precipitation‐Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). The probabilistic nature of the reconstructions allows us to estimate the probability that a hydroclimate index in any reconstruction year was lower (higher) than the minimum (maximum) value observed over the instrumental period. In Brisbane, the RFI is unlikely (probabilities < 5%) to have exhibited extremes beyond the minimum/maximum values observed between 1889 and 2019. However, in Fitzroy there are several years during the reconstruction period where the RFI is likely (>50% probability) to have exhibited behavior beyond the minimum/maximum of what has been observed, during the instrumental period. For SPEI, the probability of observing such extremes prior to the beginning of the instrumental period in 1889 doesn't exceed 30% in any reconstruction year in Brisbane, but exceeds 50% in multiple years in Fitzroy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: From diagnosis and beyond, a paediatric brain tumour and its treatment impact the child and their family in a myriad of ways. While it is considered best practice to offer ongoing psychosocial support for all family members, there is little scholarly investigation of both families' experiences and the practical implications of offering such care. We aimed to explore families' experiences of paediatric brain tumour and their associated psychosocial health service needs. Methods: Families receiving care at the Queensland Children's Hospital in Brisbane, Australia, for a child (0–18 years) who had been diagnosed with a brain tumour between 2019 and 2022 were invited to be interviewed about their experiences. Using qualitative description, we analysed these interviews to identify families' unmet psychosocial health service needs and their suggestions for improvement. Results: Twenty‐three clinically and socially diverse families were represented. While parents/carers expressed gratitude for the care their child had received, most also described unmet needs for the broader family. We identified three primary needs to be addressed: (1) parents want accessible psychological/emotional support for themselves; (2) parents/carers want additional guidance to navigate the hospital setting to reduce uncertainty and loss of control; and (3) parents want support to minimise treatment‐associated trauma for their child. Conclusions: Our findings evidence the need for improved family‐centred psychosocial care within paediatric brain tumour care in Queensland, Australia. We propose a counselling and care coordination intervention to support parents/carers to care for themselves, their child, and their family through an extremely challenging experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Residents look to state leaders during high-risk events for advice and guidance. Previous events have reinforced the vital role that governments play in delivering emergency messages. Creating meaningful messages during emergencies is vital to inform affected populations and to encourage them to take appropriate actions. In February 2022, South East Queensland experienced a significant flooding event that resulted in the loss of life and property. This study identified that conflicting information was released due to the uncertainty of the weather event. Many residents used Twitter to post about what was being experienced, creating a real-time display of what was happening. This study analysed the public-facing government media conferences held over 4 days against Situational Crisis Communication Theory1 and compared the response to Twitter posts during the key days of the February flood. The study found an overwhelming use of the theory's denial and diminishment approaches used by some communicators combined with the rebuilding approach used by others. This had great potential to cause conflicting and confusing messages. This research is important because language encourages people to believe that floods can be prevented. Conflicting messaging can cause significant harm by not providing clear direction regarding evacuation and other safety measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Web-based visualization of 3D Cadastral parcels covering both spatial and legal data. • A range of interaction options: zoom, 3D rotate, pan, elevate, select, get legal information etc. • LADM compliant 3D database at the server side using views on legacy database schema and new 3D tables. • Design and development of a standards based prototype with real 3D volumetric and building format parcels. • Test data from Brisbane, Queensland, accessible at http://pakhuis.tudelft.nl:8080/edu/Cesium-1.43/Apps/3dcad/. This paper describes research into the design, development and visualization of mixed 2D and 3D Cadastre. A schema has been developed to accommodate this data, with provision for a time component. This paper describes the schema, the visualization requirements, and the provision of LADM-compatible views of the data for the purpose of developing the 3D Cadastral prototype. A significant volume of 2D + t Cadastral data, which also contained 2D + t footprint representations of 3D parcels, is currently incorporated in the Cadastral Database of Queensland. A moderate number of 3D building units, and a smaller number of volumetric parcels have been hand-encoded (from the survey plans), and added to this database. The mixture has been disseminated and displayed in KML through Cesium JS. The visualization of cadastral parcels in 3D is a challenge, since legal boundaries are, in many cases, invisible in the real world; so how can we properly represent something that is not visible to our eyes? This paper uses the results from research looking into problems of occlusion and ambiguous perception (in terms of position, size and shape) of objects in the context of 3D cadastre visualization. The exploration of specific interaction techniques is essential to overcome these issues. After an initial internal usability test (with colleagues/ friends of the developers) our 3D Cadastres web-based dissemination prototype was improved. Next a public usability test is carried out to obtain feedback from different groups of professional users (legal, survey, ICT backgrounds). During the test, the users are asked to perform a series of tasks typical of cadastral systems. Each task is accompanied by a description to give the users some context. Then, each user is asked to reflect on his or her experience. In this paper we present the main results of the public usability test of the 3D Cadastres web-based dissemination prototype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid and widespread monitoring of inland and coastal water quality occurs through the use of remote sensing and near-surface water quality sensors. A new addition is the development of smartphone applications (Apps) to measure and record surface reflectance, water color and water quality parameters. In this paper, we present a field study of the HydroColor (HC, measures RGB reflectance and suspended particulate matter (SPM)) and EyeOnWater (EoW, determines the Forel–Ule scale—an indication to the visual appearance of the water surface) smartphone Apps to evaluate water quality for inland waters in Eastern Australia. The Brisbane river, multiple lakes and reservoirs and lagoons in Queensland and New South Wales were visited; hyperspectral reflection spectra were collected and water samples were analysed in the laboratory as reference. Based on detailed measurements at 32 sites, covering inland waters with a large range in sediment and algal concentrations, we find that both water quality Apps are close, but not quite on par with scientific spectrometers. EoW is a robust application that manages to capture the color of water with accuracy and precision. HC has great potential, but is influenced by errors in the observational procedure and errors in the processing of images in the iPhone. The results show that repeated observations help to reduce the effects of outliers, while implementation of camera response functions and processing should help to reduce systematic errors. For both Apps, no universal conversion to water quality composition is established, and we conclude that: (1) replicated measurements are useful; (2) color is a reliable monitoring parameter in its own right but it should not be used for other water quality variables, and; (3) tailored algorithms to convert reflectance and color to composition could be developed for lakes individually. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on the outcomes of an intensive collaborative community-based perinatal and infant mental health (PIMH) Day Program designed to improve the emotional-social wellbeing of mothers with a moderate to severe mental illness and attachment to their infant. Coordinated by the Queensland Centre for Perinatal and Infant Mental Health, Child and Youth Mental Health, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, the program was delivered in 2016 to twenty six mother-infant dyads through an interagency partnership between adult mental health, child and youth mental health and community child health across two Hospital and Health Service sites in Queensland, Australia. The study resulted from recommendations of a pilot project conducted in Brisbane in 2009. An infant's developmental outcomes are predicated by their earliest attachment to their caregivers. It is estimated 40% to 60% of children whose parent has a mental illness are at risk to their mental wellbeing. With more than 16% of Australian women and 10% of fathers developing a perinatal mental illness, there is an identified gap in both the availability and flexibility of services to this vulnerable population. Evidence suggests that service delivery to perinatal mothers with complex mental health issues is typically 'siloed' and that treating maternal mental health alone does not improve outcomes for infants. The unique feature of the PIMH Day Program is the collaboration of three separate health services delivering one program to mothers and infants together. Cairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service (HHS) and Townsville HHS are two large regional cities located in north Queensland. Clinicians from adult mental health, child and youth mental health and child health from each HHS delivered three (3) six week (one day per week) perinatal and infant mental health programs between May to November 2016 through a collaborative and integrative methodology. Multidisciplinary clinicians from the three services worked together to deliver the program using a dedicated program manual. The intervention resulted in statistically significant improvements in pre-post quantitative measures relating to mother's emotional-social wellbeing and infant attachment, positive feedback from selfreport surveys on program elements, and engagement in post referral pathways. Clinicians reported high level satisfaction with the collaborative process, resource sharing and transfer of knowledge and skills. They support the intervention as a sustainable, effective and efficient model of service. The findings support the premise that interagency collaboration between health services brings about improved mental health outcomes for mothers with a mental illness and enhanced understanding and sensitivity to their infants. The study resulted in statistically significant results in both sites supporting the results of the 2009 study. This program demonstrates that collaboration, partnerships and integration across service boundaries and professional disciplines offers a promising opportunity to deliver a service that supports parenting and an infant's emotional-social development. The Day Program translates across settings while building workforce capacity in perinatal and infant mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Australian summer season of 2022, exceptional rainfall events occurred in Southeast Queensland and parts of New South Wales, leading to extensive flooding of rural and urban areas. Here, we map the extent of flooding in the city of Brisbane and evaluate the change in electricity usage as a proxy for flood impact using VIIRS nighttime brightness imagery. Scanning a wide range of possible sensors, we used pre-flood and peak-flood PlanetScope imagery to map the inundated areas, using a new spectral index we developed, the Normalized Difference Inundation Index (NDII), which is based on changes in the NIR reflectance due to sediment-laden flood waters. We compared the Capella-Space X-band/HH imaging radar data captured at peak-flood date to the PlanetScope-derived mapping of the inundated areas. We found that in the Capella-Space image, significant flooded areas identified in PlanetScope imagery were omitted. These omission errors may be partly explained by the use of a single-date radar image, by the X-band, which is partly scattered by tree canopy, and by the SAR look angle under which flooded streets may be blocked from the view of the satellite. Using VIIRS nightly imagery, we were able to identify grid cells where electricity usage was impacted due to the floods. These changes in nighttime brightness matched both the inundated areas mapped via PlanetScope data as well as areas corresponding with decreased electricity loads reported by the regional electricity supplier. Altogether we demonstrate that using a variety of optical and radar sensors, as well as nighttime and daytime sensors, enable us to overcome data gaps and better understand the impact of flood events. We also emphasize the importance of high temporal revisit times (at least twice daily) to more accurately monitor flood events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We shed new light on the processes through which institutions are created and changed by investigating the question how does institutional entrepreneuring unfold in an already organized world. We conducted a longitudinal case study of the field of scientific research production in Australia, which changed over three decades through entrepreneuring processes associated with the creation of a new 'Smart State' place in the city of Brisbane in Queensland. A new place is a form of organizing human activity that has materiality and meaning at a specific geographic location. Our findings showed how field change was interwoven with place creation through four processes of entrepreneuring: structural emancipation, dissociating and reimagining place meanings, bricolaging of place forms and co-evolving place identities. These entrepreneuring processes constituted the field as a flow of 'becoming' that spilled over into temporary and provisional settlements in local places. Our findings make important contributions through: (1) deepening understanding of how organizational fields change through multilevel, distributed, cascading and often unreflexive processes of entrepreneuring in an already organized world; (2) bringing attention to a relationship between institutions and place, in which place is both the medium and outcome of institutional entrepreneuring; and (3) providing new insight into embedded agency by illustrating how institutions in 'becoming' continually (re)produce the resources and possibilities for agency within gradual institutional change over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: High rates of tobacco smoking among people who are homeless or living in temporary accommodation exacerbate poor health outcomes and financial disadvantage. There is limited research on this population's perceptions of smoking cessation benefits or support strategies. Methods: We conducted a cross‐sectional survey of 68 male smokers living in a temporary accommodation hostel in Brisbane, Australia. The survey measured smoking and quit attempt history, perceptions of cessation aids and benefits of cessation, and awareness of the Intensive Quit Support program—a free Queensland government‐funded program comprising 12 weeks of nicotine replacement therapy supplemented with weekly calls from Quitline. Results: Participants (56% aged ≤40 years) spent a high proportion of their income on smoking (median $80/week). Although the most commonly reported perceived benefit of smoking cessation was improved health, more participants were interested in a campaign promoting the financial savings of quitting rather than the health benefits. Twice as many participants reported the high cost of smoking‐provoked thoughts of quitting than graphic health warning labels on cigarette packs (70.6% vs. 30.9%). Participants reported a high level of interest in e‐cigarettes as a cessation aid. There was a low level of awareness but moderate level of interest in the Intensive Quit Support program. Discussion and Conclusions: Smoking cessation campaigns promoting the financial savings of cessation may be more salient than health‐focused campaigns among relatively young men who smoke and experience homelessness. There is a clear need for innovative, targeted strategies promoting smoking cessation among this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Literature on dermatology outpatient demographic and clinical data is limited, and the few studies on this topic are mainly conducted overseas, with medical systems and case mix different to Australia. This study presents demographic data relating to dermatology public outpatient referrals to a tertiary hospital in Brisbane, Australia, and determines what additional structured data should be collected to formulate and evaluate initiatives to address service issues such as referral quality, triage process and wait times. Methods: A four‐year retrospective audit was undertaken, summarising all referrals (n = 7140) and clinical dermatology encounters (n = 53 844) between January 2016 and December 2019 at Princess Alexandra Hospital (PAH), the largest hospital in Metro South Health (MSH), serving a population of one million. PAH has one of the two largest public dermatology clinics in Queensland and is the only dermatology service within MSH. Results: Patient demographic data, wait time by triage category, referral rates over time and encounter durations were collected. Structured diagnostic data (e.g. ICD‐10 coding) of the provisional diagnosis, comorbidities, medications and the final diagnosis are not collected in a structured format and would be a valuable addition. Conclusions: The clinical burden of public dermatology is increasing. Both collection and analysis of structured data pertaining to the referrals and encounters are important to help formulate, implement and evaluate initiatives that aim to improve health service provision in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bronchiectasis is a major contributor to respiratory morbidity and healthcare utilization in children. Children with bronchiectasis exhibit low levels of physical activity (PA) and poor fundamental movement skills (FMS) may be a contributing factor. However, there are no data on FMS's in this population. The current study assessed FMS proficiency in children with bronchiectasis and examined associations with objectively measured PA.Methods: Forty-six children with bronchiectasis (mean age 7.5 ± 2.6 year, 63% Male) were recruited from the Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane. PA was measured using the ActiGraph GT3X + accelerometer. Raw accelerometer data were processed into daily time spent in sedentary activities, light-intensity activities and games, walking, running, and moderate-to-vigorous activities and games using a random forest (RF) PA classification algorithm specifically developed for children. Daily MVPA was calculated by summing time spent in walking, running, and moderate-to-vigorous activities and games. FMS were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development 2nd Edition (TGMD-2).Results: Fewer than 5% of children demonstrated mastery in the run, gallop, hop, and leap; while fewer than 10% demonstrated mastery for the two-handed strike, overarm throw, and underarm throw. Only eight of the 46 children (17.4%) achieved their age equivalency for locomotor skills, while just four (8.7%) achieved their age equivalency for object control skills. One-way ANCOVA revealed that children achieving their age equivalency for FMS had significantly higher levels of MVPA than children not achieving their age equivalency (51.7 vs 36.7 min/day). When examined by the five activity classes predicted by the RF algorithm, children achieving their age equivalency exhibited significantly greater participation moderate-to-vigorous intensity activities and games (22.1 vs 10.7 min/day). No significant differences were observed for sedentary activities, light-intensity activities and games, walking, and running.Conclusion: Children with bronchiectasis exhibit significant delays in their FMS development. However, those who meet their age equivalency for FMS proficiency participate in significantly more daily MVPA than children who do not meet their age-equivalency. Therapeutic exercise programs designed to improve FMS proficiency are thus likely to be beneficial in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Night‐time entertainment precincts (NEP) are the site of a disproportionate amount of alcohol‐related violence, injuries and anti‐social behaviour. To combat this the Queensland government introduced patron bans in October 2014, giving police the power to exclude individuals from NEPs and preventing patrons from remaining in or entering the designated area or from designated premises for the ban duration. Mandatory identification scanners within licensed venues were also introduced, which are used to enforce patron bans. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of police‐issued 10‐day patron bans for preventing alcohol‐related violence or anti‐social behaviour occurring within NEPs during high‐alcohol hours. Methods: Queensland's largest NEPs; Brisbane central business district, Fortitude Valley and Surfers Paradise central business district; were examined. Time‐series autoregressive integrated moving average analyses were used to estimate the influence of 10‐day patron bans on police‐recorded serious assaults, common assaults and good order offences. Analyses controlled for the introduction of relevant policy and identification scanners. Results: The number of police‐issued patron bans did not significantly predict changes in serious assault, common assault or good order offence trends the weekend following the ban (within the 10‐day period). Discussion and Conclusions: The current study was unable to find evidence indicating that 10‐day patron bans reduced alcohol‐related harms experienced in Queensland's largest NEPs in the short term. Further research needs to be conducted examining other types of patron bans, particularly longer bans issued in other jurisdictions or by licensees, and whether bans change individual's behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and Aims: In an attempt to reduce alcohol‐related harm in night‐time entertainment precincts, the Queensland state government (Australia) introduced the Tackling Alcohol‐Fuelled Violence strategy in July 2016, including restrictions on late‐night service of alcohol and—later—compulsory ID scanners at venues. In this article, we examined the impact of these changes on emergency department (ED) presentations and hospital admissions for alcohol‐related harm. Design and Methods: We used data on ED presentations (July 2009–June 2019) and hospital admissions (July 2009–December 2018). Interrupted time series models using seasonal auto‐regressive integrated moving average methods were developed to test the impact of the policy change on presentations for alcohol intoxication, any injury or maxillofacial fractures, and admissions for rates of assault‐related injuries or maxillofacial fractures. Analyses were conducted using state‐wide Queensland data with a sub‐analysis focussing on major Brisbane hospitals. Results: The introduction of 3 am last drinks and mandatory ID scanners had no significant impact on most outcome measures, either across the state or within Brisbane. State‐wide, there was a significant decline in ED injury presentations following the introduction of mandatory ID scanners. Discussion and Conclusions: The introduction of the Tackling Alcohol‐Fuelled Violence strategy in Queensland Safe Night Precincts was potentially associated with a small reduction in injury presentations to EDs. The lack of other impacts may relate to the relative lack of specificity in health system data, which challenges in the implementation of the Tackling Alcohol‐Fuelled Violence policies or other local factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Australian golden trapdoor spiders of the tribe Euoplini (family Idiopidae) are among the most abundant and diverse of mygalomorph lineages in subtropical eastern Australia. Throughout this highly populated area, species in the monophyletic Euoplos variabilis -group are largely ubiquitous; however, species delimitation has long proven difficult in the group because species are morphologically very similar and have parapatric or even sympatric distributions. We address these challenges in the variabilis -group, and explore the phylogeny and taxonomy of species using an integrative systematic approach. In doing so, we apply a conservative, pragmatic methodology, naming only species for which adequate data are available (namely sequence data and unequivocally linked male specimens), and explicitly stating and mapping material that could not be linked to a species, to aid future research on the group. We describe five new species from south-eastern Queensland – E. booloumba sp. nov. , E. jayneae sp. nov. , E. raveni sp. nov. , E. regalis sp. nov. and E. schmidti sp. nov. ; we redescribe two previously named species – E. similaris (Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918) and E. variabilis (Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918); and we reillustrate the recently described E. grandis Wilson & Rix, 2019. The nominate species, E. variabilis , is shown to have a far smaller distribution than previously thought, and E. similaris is given a modern taxonomic description for the first time. A key to adult male specimens is also provided. This study further reveals a case of sympatry between two species within the variabilis -group; both E. raveni sp. nov. and E. schmidti sp. nov. occur in the Brisbane Valley, south of the Brisbane River – a notable result given that closely related mygalomorph species usually occur allopatrically. This work updates what is currently known of the phylogeny and diversity of one of the dominant mygalomorph lineages of subtropical eastern Australia, resolving a complex and highly endemic fauna. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A4FB92F6-EFFF-4468-B1D8-000D69923996 Trapdoor spiders of the Euoplos variabilis -group are abundant and diverse in subtropical eastern Australia. We explore the phylogeny and taxonomy of species in the group using an integrative systematics approach. We describe five new species from south-eastern Queensland, redescribe two previously named species, and reillustrate one recently described species. We reveal a case of sympatry in the Brisbane Valley, south of the Brisbane River – a notable result given that closely related mygalomorph species usually occur allopatrically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Autoimmune encephalitis is a disorder associated with antibodies directed against central nervous system proteins with variable clinical features. This study aims to add to knowledge of the disease by reporting the details of a cohort of patients with autoimmune encephalitis in Queensland, Australia. Methodology: We surveyed patients with autoimmune encephalitis diagnosed and managed through public hospitals in Queensland, Australia between 2010 and the end of 2019. Cases were identified via case detection through a centralized diagnostic neuroimmunology laboratory (Division of Immunology, HSQ Pathology Queensland Central Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia) and a survey of neurologists. Data including demographic details, clinical presentation, investigation results, treatments including immune therapy and outcomes was collected. Results: Sixty cases of antibody positive autoimmune encephalitis were identified. Twenty-eight were of anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis with other cases associated with antibodies against LGi1, Caspr2, glycine receptor, DPPX, GABAB receptor, IgLON5, GFAP, and SOX1. The number of diagnosed cases, especially of anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis has markedly increased over the period 2017 to 2019. Clinical presentations were marked by heterogeneous symptom complexes and prolonged hospital admissions. Imaging studies were largely normal or non-specific. There was a response to immune therapy and a low mortality rate. Most cases affected by this disorder were left with ongoing symptoms associated with mild disability. Conclusion: Autoimmune encephalitis in Queensland, Australia is an increasingly common but complex clinical entity marked by heterogeneous presentations, response to immune therapy and outcome results marked by low mortality and incomplete recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ross River virus (RRV) is responsible for the most common vector-borne disease of humans reported in Australia. The virus circulates in enzootic cycles between multiple species of mosquitoes, wildlife reservoir hosts and humans. Public health concern about RRV is increasing due to rising incidence rates in Australian urban centres, along with increased circulation in Pacific Island countries. Australia experienced its largest recorded outbreak of 9544 cases in 2015, with the majority reported from south east Queensland (SEQ). This study examined potential links between disease patterns and transmission pathways of RRV.Methods: The spatial and temporal distribution of notified RRV cases, and associated epidemiological features in SEQ, were analysed for the period 2001-2016. This included fine-scale analysis of disease patterns across the suburbs of the capital city of Brisbane, and those of 8 adjacent Local Government Areas, and host spot analyses to identify locations with significantly high incidence.Results: The mean annual incidence rate for the region was 41/100,000 with a consistent seasonal peak in cases between February and May. The highest RRV incidence was in adults aged from 30 to 64 years (mean incidence rate: 59/100,000), and females had higher incidence rates than males (mean incidence rates: 44/100,000 and 34/100,000, respectively). Spatial patterns of disease were heterogeneous between years, and there was a wide distribution of disease across both urban and rural areas of SEQ. Overall, the highest incidence rates were reported from predominantly rural suburbs to the north of Brisbane City, with significant hot spots located in peri-urban suburbs where residential, agricultural and conserved natural land use types intersect.Conclusions: Although RRV is endemic across all of SEQ, transmission is most concentrated in areas where urban and peri-urban environments intersect. The drivers of RRV transmission across rural-urban landscapes should be prioritised for further investigation, including identification of specific vectors and hosts that mediate human spillover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In October 2016, a burning liquid was thrown over a bus driver in Brisbane, Australia. It was reported across the world that the 29-year-old bus driver was a Punjabi Indian and that his killing may have been a hate crime. A subsequent independent inquiry found that 50-year-old Anthony O'Donohue, who was charged with murder and other offences, had a long history of mental illness and had been discharged from treatment from a community mental health service four-and-a-half months earlier. In August 2018, the Queensland Mental Health Court found that, at the time of the alleged offences, Mr O'Donohue was of unsound mind and acquitted him of all charges. The case provides an opportunity to consider the decision making of a mental health service in the prelude to a major critical incident. The case also highlights the tension between the principles of patient autonomy and the 'recovery model' of mental illness on the one hand and the need to assertively manage persons who have no insight into their serious mental illness and are at risk of harming themselves or others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Inequitable access to quality health care contributes to the known poorer outcomes of people living in regional/remote areas (compared with urban-based), especially for First Nations people. Integration of specialist outreach services within primary care is one strategy that can reduce the inequity when modeled to the needs and available resources of target communities.Research Question: To evaluate whether respiratory outreach clinics in regional and remote Queensland are as effective as tertiary respiratory services at improving the lung function of children.Study Design and Methods: From existing databases, we obtained spirometry data of children (aged 3-18 years) seen at Indigenous-focused outreach clinics in regional and remote Queensland and Brisbane-based pediatric tertiary hospitals over the same contemporary period (October 2010 to July 2019). We compared the change in spirometry z scores (Δz) at follow-up for both groups of children.Results: Lung function significantly improved in both groups: Tertiary hospital (n = 2,249; ΔzFEV1 = 0.22, 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.27; ΔzFVC = 0.23, 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.28); outreach (n = 252; ΔzFEV1 = 0.35, 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.48; ΔzFVC = 0.36, 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.50). No significant intergroup differences were found in ΔzFEV1 (0.13; 95%CI, -0.02 to 0.28; P = .10) or ΔzFVC (0.14; 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.29; P = .08) improvement from baseline. In both groups, the proportion of children with zFEV1 > 0 at follow-up (hospital = 31.7%; outreach = 46.8%) significantly increased (hospital P = .001; outreach P = .009) from baseline (hospital = 27.2%; outreach = 35.3%). Numbers of children with zFEV1 > 0 significantly increased for asthma and bronchiectasis outreach subgroups, and for children with asthma in the hospital-based group.Interpretation: Comparable significant lung function improvement of children was seen in Indigenous-focused outreach remote/regional clinics and paediatric tertiary hospitals. This suggests that effective clinical care is achievable within the outreach setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the midst of drought in Central Queensland, the small town of Winton triples its population for the Vision Splendid Outback Film Festival. Even when facing challenges, the local community values the way the festival brings the community together, injects tourist dollars into the local economy and provides visibility to the local screen industry. However, staging a film festival in a regional location can be challenging. There are often less local funding and sponsorship opportunities available and the geographical distances involved increase pressure on time, resources and costs. Combined with increasingly accessible digital content and changing audience habits, regional film festivals face significant disadvantages in comparison to their metropolitan counterparts. This article examines the role of Queensland's film festival network, focusing on how regional festivals are central to the development of the screen industry beyond the metropolitan centres. The research is based on a mapping project of film festivals in Queensland undertaken in 2018, which included interviews with festival organisers and industry professionals. 68 active festivals were identified across Queensland, of which 45% took place in Brisbane. This article investigates both the value of film festivals and the challenges for their economic sustainability in Queensland's screen culture and industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe a complex change process for the paediatric cardiac service in Queensland that involved transitioning the service out of an essentially adult hospital into one of two children's hospitals in Brisbane. This initial step was complex as the governance was changed from Queensland Health to Mater Health, an independent faith-based organisation who became the new employer. Six years later, the service was again transitioned; this time to the newly constructed Queensland Children's Hospital, with a Hospital and Health Services Board as the employer under the aegis of Queensland Health. This was a complex journey. As with all change processes there was resistance to change on the part of some individuals. Five years on from the second major change, the service is settled, has an excellent workplace culture, has excellent clinical outcomes and has become research intensive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Ceiling fans are a widespread energy-efficient appliance required for managing the sweltering weather extremes encountered in northern Australian states including Queensland. Ceiling fans are also a rare cause of serious head injury in children requiring neurosurgical intervention. There is limited available evidence on the presentation, mechanism, and management of these injuries. Methods: A retrospective analysis of children who suffered ceiling fan injuries admitted to the Queensland Children's Hospital, a level-1 paediatric trauma hospital in Brisbane, Queensland, under the neurosurgery unit from November 2014 to July 2018 was performed. Results: Seventeen children (64.7% male) with a mean age of 4.24 years (range 0.66–7.25) sustained ceiling fan injuries requiring neurosurgical management during this period. Children were injured following being accidentally lifted or thrown into the ceiling fan path; jumping, playing, climbing, or being pushed from a bunk bed; or climbing on other furniture. All patients suffered skull fractures (88.2% depressed), and 65% suffered extra-axial or intracerebral haemorrhage. Operative management was required in 76.5% of the patients. No patients suffered adverse outcomes, and no complications, including infections, were recorded. Conclusions: Despite their rarity, paediatric ceiling fan injuries requiring neurosurgical management are a cause of significant morbidity. Surgical management targeted elevation of depressed fractures and washout of open fractures rather than evacuation of intracranial collections. Almost all included patients required transfer with associated social and economic implications. Such injuries are largely preventable with improved supervision and safety awareness. Hazard modification may be extended to regulatory changes or improved ceiling fan design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: Little data exist on the incidence of stroke in Australia. Our aim was to report age and sex disparities in hospital admission for stroke in Queensland, Australia's most populous northern state. Methods: We identified all patients admitted to hospital in Queensland with a diagnosis of stroke from January to December 2015. Results: Among 25,776 admissions with a diagnosis of stroke or TIA and related sequelae, stroke was the principal diagnosis in 11,072 cases of whom 5270 (47.60%) were first-ever stroke. Based on incidents per 100,000 population per year, the crude annual admission rate for first-ever strokes was 110 (95% CI, 107 to 113), 120 (95% CI, 115 to 124) for men and 101 (95% CI, 97 to 105) for women. The corresponding rates adjusted to the world population were 69 (95% CI, 52 to 85), and 88 (95% CI, 70 to 107) adjusted to the European population. Gender and age-adjusted incidence was greater for men than women in all age-groups, except those aged 30–34 years, where occurrence was 10 for men and 16 for women. Conclusions: Based on the outcomes, hospital admission for stroke occurs less frequently in Queensland than in other regions of Australia. Men generally show a higher rate of hospitalization than women, with the notable exception of women aged 30–34, for whom the trend reverses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore attitudes and decision-making by pregnant women regarding antidepressant and anxiolytic use during pregnancy.Method: An observational study at an outer metropolitan hospital in Brisbane, Queensland. Pregnant women presenting for their first antenatal clinic visit were invited to complete a questionnaire. Participants were asked about current or previous antidepressant/anxiolytic use, influences on drug decision-making and the adequacy of information received. Perceptions were measured on a 7-point Likert scale.Results: A total of 503 pregnant women were surveyed. The background prevalence of anxiety and depression was 30.0% (151), with 9.3% (47) respondents using antidepressant or anxiolytic medications during the current pregnancy. Of these 47 women, 68% ceased these medications during or while trying to become pregnant, most commonly due to potential side effects to the baby (16), health professional advice (8) and symptomatology that was under control (7). While the effect was modest, decision-making was most strongly influenced by general practitioners, family and the internet.Conclusions: Most women cease antidepressant/anxiolytic medication before and during pregnancy for reasons other than stability of condition. This study reveals an unmet need for accessible reliable information to guide pregnant women and their care providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Devastating floods in southeast Queensland in 2011 were the combination of flash flooding in the Lockyer Valley with riverine flooding in the Brisbane metropolitan area. While there is considerable information about the immediate impact on those affected, there is less understanding of the long-term health effects that follow such events. This study explored the perceptions of health effects and support received by people affected by the 2011 southeast Queensland flood six years after the event. A cross-sectional survey of 327 people was conducted in areas affected by the floods. The questionnaire sought information about the ongoing social, economic, demographic and self-declared physical and mental health effects. The data were analysed through comparison of those unaffected with those directly affected by the floods. Residents whose households were flooded were more likely to score their health negatively than non-affected residents and had higher reported rates of trauma, injury and mental illness. Twenty-six per cent of this group reported that they still experience some adverse health effects from the floods. Managing the longterm health implications of a flood-affected population is an important public policy task. Dissatisfaction with recovery operations and perceived injustices associated with insurance and compensation arrangements may aggravate health consequences. Early recognition and intervention may assist with reducing secondary effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brisbane is Australia's third largest city, and capital of the state of Queensland. It has a sprawling urban footprint and impending connections to neighbouring metropolises, said to create a '200 km city'. The governing body of Brisbane controls the largest municipality in Australia, with unrivalled opportunity to influence both urban planning and marketing for the CBD and suburbs. Brisbane is home to over one million people, and its population has grown rapidly over the past decades, doubling in the past 40 years. Brisbane represents the quintessential city with an emerging quest for urbanity, both in brand and physical form. The relationships between the city's urban planning and its branding is not well examined, despite clear entanglement between these two strategies. We use a case-study analysis of both Brisbane City (which is glossed as the Central Business District) and an outer-suburban area, Inala, to interrogate how urban identities and brand are being constructed in relation to their social settings and governance, with particular reference to the importance of city branding and its relationship to planning strategies. The manifestation of branding and relationship to place qualities at the core and on the periphery of Brisbane are examined, with relevance for other rapidly growing, ambitious cities. The focus of Brisbane's push for urbanity is on the city centre, and is not representative of the typical suburban condition, nor of many cities dominated by suburban forms. An analysis of place brand, planning strategies and resident's responses to place, from planning, architectural and anthropological perspectives are offered, as an alternative reading of place brand from the marketing dominated approach usually favoured in branding analysis. We make recommendations to incorporate a more complete version of place in the construction of a 'genuine' urbanity. We argue that the recognition of resident-centred place identity in place branding will produce more socially sustainable places, as well as more authentic city brands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

South Bank is now a well-established part of Brisbane's lifestyle and entertainment scene. From the preparation of Expo 88 as part of Australia's bicentennial celebrations to the redevelopment of the site post-Expo, South Bank has been intensely masterplanned. This qualitative research is a longitudinal study of the evolution of the South Bank masterplan described by tracking the masterplanning responses to crises. The evolution of South Bank masterplanning is related through its leaders who participated in a semi-structured telephone interview. The interviews and archival masterplans chronologically illustrated the responses to crises and effects of masterplanning for certainty and uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]