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Breaking the intractable cycle of poverty in a country requires effective resolution of the unemployment problem by the government. One approach to mitigate unemployment is to foster investment in various sectors, and in the era of the industrial revolution, technological innovation should also be considered. The correlation between technology and unemployment has been extensively debated, and this study seeks to examine the connections between technological progress, physical investment, education, inflation, and unemployment in the United States. We utilized panel data from the 51 states from 2015 to 2021 and found that technological advancements resulted in a decline in the unemployment rate, while inflation had an inverse relationship with it, as predicted by the Phillips curve. However, investments in education increased the unemployment rate, indicating that highly educated individuals experienced notable employment difficulties. Our study had two distinct parts: the initial phase analyzed the statistical explanations for the outcomes, while the latter phase introduced initiatives that focused on government intervention to halt the rising unemployment rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposes a conceptual framework to investigate the economy-wide impacts of factor-biased technological change and the role of policy packages to spur inclusiveness of the economy. Based on this conceptual framework, this study explores the impacts of proposed policy-mixes in terms of growth and distribution using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The results show that the policy package consisting of innovation, education, and taxation policies has the potentials to serve as a policy option to achieve the inclusive growth. Our simulation results suggest that governments should adapt tax systems for the inclusive growth and adjustment mechanisms to help workers navigate sufficient opportunities for skill accumulation, and to facilitate technological innovation within the economic system. Our results shed light on the importance of the policy packages in resolving the side effects of factor-biased technological progress and spur the inclusive growth in the knowledge-based economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy attracts attentions by removing the harmful effects of fossil fuels and protecting the environment. The focus of this study is to investigate GDP per capita, carbon dioxide emissions per capita, technological innovation and trade as the determinants of renewable energy production for the selected Latin American countries during the 1991–2014 period. Technological innovation factor is rarely investigated as one of the determinants of renewable energy. The country group includes Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Chile and Guatemala. Empirical results are obtained by applying panel estimation methods. Cointegration relationship among the analyzed variables is confirmed by Pedroni and Westerlund panel cointegration tests. According to the empirical analysis, GDP per capita, technological innovation and trade have positive and statistically significant impact on renewable energy production per capita. On the other hand, it is found that carbon dioxide emissions and renewable energy production are negatively associated. In addition, the elasticity estimates with respect to technological innovation and trade are found as close to each other. The policy implications of the empirical findings are argued as well. [Display omitted] • The drivers of renewable energy generation are analyzed by panel data techniques. • A 1% rise in output is found to increase renewable energy production by 0.26%. • The effects of technological innovation and trade are estimated as very close. • The elasticity estimate with respect to CO2 emission is found as −0.196. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important part of the world economy today, the marine economy is of great significance for promoting economic growth and sustainable development. To better promote the development of marine economy, the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test was first used to test the stationarity of marine economy related variables to ensure the reliability of the model. Then, the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is used to analyze the long-term stable relationship and short-term dynamic adjustment relationship between the marine industrial structure rationalization and the marine economic growth. These results reveal the mechanism of the influence of the rationalization of marine industrial structure on the growth of marine economy. It is found that among the eastern coastal provinces and cities, the rationalization level of marine industrial structure in Shanghai is up to 0.163 points, which is higher than other cities. The main reasons are the low specialization index of marine labor force, the comprehensive utilization amount of industrial waste in 10,000 yuan of gross marine product, the low environmental protection index, and the large gap between the benefits of each index. In addition, the study also found that the Granger causality test values of the delayed combination of variables Gross Ocean Product (GOP), ts, GOP, and ts were 5.531, 14.672, and 15.069, respectively. Finally, it is found that the upgrading of marine industrial structure and the output of marine economy will correct the deviation of industry rationalization below the equilibrium value in the short term at a rate of 0.1675. According to the above results, the study puts forward the following suggestions. First, it needs to strengthen the planning and layout of the marine industry, rationally guide the allocation of resources and industrial development. Second, it needs to increase support for scientific and technological innovation, and promote technological progress and industrial upgrading. The third is to strengthen the government's policy support and supervision to provide a stable policy environment and market environment for industrial development. The innovation lies in the systematic study of the relationship between the rationalization of marine industrial structure and the growth of marine economy. • The influence of the rationalization of Marine industrial structure on the growth of Marine economy was discussed. • A mathematical model is established to reveal the relationship between Marine industrial structure and economic growth. • To study the relationship between Marine industry and economic growth, and put forward policy recommendations. • The study provides theoretical research and policy reference to promote the sustainable development of the Marine economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Western economies nowadays are confronted with a predicted productivity slowdown resulting in diminishing rates of economic growth. While some scholars see these developments as an indication of the approaching end of growth due to fully exploited technological opportunities, this article contends that the possibilities for radical, paradigm changing innovations are far from being exploited. Building on contributions from Schumpeter and Georgescu-Roegen, we argue that the human capacity to expand technological and intellectual frontiers must not be underestimated. In a selective retrospect, our narrative identifies and describes four historical incidents reflecting different perceptions of the power of the human mind. It synthesizes the mentioned economists' viewpoints with the effects of these incidents to reproduce the intellectual roots of the recently developed concept of Dedicated Innovation Systems (DIS).We conclude that traditional macro-level indicators are not suitable to capture transformation processes, which is why we propose to interpret growth indicators and the alleged productivity slowdown quite differently. We argue that human ingenuity and transformation processes dedicated to sustainability will open up new opportunity spaces, thereby combining an increase in economic welfare and social justice with a reduction of negative environmental impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the effect of economic growth and the association of environmental degradation on economies' technological change and technological catch-up. Using a conditional nonparametric frontier analysis to a sample of 73 economies over the time period 1980–2014, empirical evidence of the examined relationship is provided both under full and partial frontiers in the constant and variable returns to scale (VRS) models. Specifically, the newly proposed time-dependent conditional nonparametric frontier estimators have been applied. In our case the time-dependent conditional efficiency estimators allow us to model directly the effects of growth and time on economies' estimated performance without requiring any specification of the production functional form and without assuming the separability condition between time, economic growth and the support of inputs and outputs. The overall results reveal that the efficiency results of full and partial frontiers tend to lead to the same results, except in the cases of full VRS models where energy use and carbon dioxide emissions are incorporated as an additional input and output, respectively. The results demonstrate that countries with a higher environmental efficiency are those that have signed the first agreement between nations (Kyoto Protocol) to mandate country-by-country reductions in greenhouse-gas emissions, while countries that have not signed are relatively inefficient. Ultimately, the empirical findings also suggest that the effect of economic growth is determined by economies' development stage and geographical region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bangladesh has traditionally relied on fossil fuels for meeting its energy demand whereby this major South Asian economy has not been able to safeguard its environment from greenhouse gas emission-related adversities. Moreover, by ratifying several international environmental agreements, especially the Paris Accord and the Sustainable Development Goals, the government of Bangladesh has expressed its solidarity in abating greenhouse gas emissions through the deployment of relevant environmental policies. Hence, this study assesses the impacts of petroleum consumption, economic growth, and technological innovation on carbon emissions in Bangladesh using quarterly frequency data from 1972Q1 to 2020Q4. Overall, apart from confirming the cointegrating relationships among the variables, the regression findings reveal that higher petroleum consumption and economic growth stimulate environmental degradation by boosting carbon dioxide emissions while technological innovation reinstates environmental well-being by curbing the Bangladesh's emission figures. Additionally, technological innovation is seen to moderate the relationship between petroleum consumption and carbon emissions by jointly reducing the emissions with petroleum consumption. Lastly, the causality analysis shows that petroleum consumption, economic growth, and technological innovation causally influence carbon emissions. Based on these key findings, it is recommended that Bangladesh mitigates its petroleum dependency, blends environmental objectives into its economic growth policies, and develops its technological stock. • Determinants of environmental well-being in Bangladesh are analyzed. • Petroleum consumption and economic growth boost carbon emissions. • Technological innovation reduce carbon emissions. • Technological innovation moderates the petroleum consumption-carbon emissions nexus. • Petroleum consumption and technological innovation jointly reduce carbon emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the literature on export-led growth models differences in income elasticities of demand for imports and exports among countries bring about different degrees of external constraint on growth. However, there is not in this literature an explanation that uses the Evolutionary concept of National Innovation System (NIS) that shows why there are differences in income elasticities among countries. Moreover, there is not a consensus about the exogenicity of the elasticities. Some authors highlight the high level of income elasticity of demand for exports in sectors with high level of technological intensity. However these authors seem to not explain the motive for this. The aim of this paper is to theoretically show the causal relation between an economy's NIS, its income elasticities and its Current Account performance. It also aims to show the role of NIS in the exogeinicity/endogeinicity of the income elasticities. Empirical evidence and a Granger Causality Test are presented and do not reject the core argument of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of the circular economy (CE), a model promoting the cyclical use of resources, and Industry 4.0, an intelligent-based approach to manufacturing, is expected to achieve sustainability. Finding the most suitable path for technological progress and structural change to promote economic growth is the key to adopting Industry 4.0 technologies and successfully transforming to a CE, and thus, key to China achieving sustainable development quickly. This study identifies the joint effects of energy- and environment-biased technological progress and multi-dimensional industrial structural change on economic growth, and empirically verifies the specific effects within China. Our results are as follows. First, pollution abatement technological progress, backstop technological progress and autogenous structural ecologicalization are the main drivers of sustainable economic growth. Second, innovation policies have a positive impact on national economic growth by promoting pollution abatement technological progress. Finally, in sub-regions' regression, backstop and environment technology, and structural ecologicalization promote eastern China's economy, while policies drive environment technological progress and structural ecologicalization to stimulate economic growth in central and western China. Our results imply that policymakers should take into consideration the readiness levels of each region regarding the adoption of Industry 4.0 and circular economy, and that the government should consider and ensure the participation of all stakeholders, including firms. • Focus on the economy's driving forces under Industry 4.0 and circular economy. • Environment and new-energy technological progress promote economic growth in China. • Innovation policy drives economic growth by inducing biased technological progress. • Backstop and environment technological progress benefit eastern and central China. • Industrial policy works well on structural ecologicalization and regional economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jin, Y. and Shi, D., 2020. The impact of bank credit and technological innovation on economic growth in Jiangsu coastal areas. In: Bai, X. and Zhou, H. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Environmental Protection, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 115, pp. 35-38. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Regional innovation capability is the core and driving force of regional economic development, especially its key role in economic growth has been confirmed by many related research results. With the continuous progress of the society, the pace of economic and financial development has accelerated, the living standard of people has improved obviously, and the consumption demand is also strengthening. Only when the economy develops to a certain extent can financial development promote the improvement of the quality of economic growth. It is even more necessary to encourage innovation, protect innovation and help innovative talents to stand out in the social environment. Therefore, Jiangsu coastal areas should adopt a point-axis development model, further improve the financial structure, promote the integration of financial resources, and support the innovative and coordinated development of coastal areas in order to achieve the overall and coordinated development of Jiangsu economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jin, Y. and Shi, D., 2020. The impact of bank credit and technological innovation on economic growth in Jiangsu coastal areas. In: Bai, X. and Zhou, H. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Environmental Protection, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 115, pp. 35-38. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Regional innovation capability is the core and driving force of regional economic development, especially its key role in economic growth has been confirmed by many related research results. With the continuous progress of the society, the pace of economic and financial development has accelerated, the living standard of people has improved obviously, and the consumption demand is also strengthening. Only when the economy develops to a certain extent can financial development promote the improvement of the quality of economic growth. It is even more necessary to encourage innovation, protect innovation and help innovative talents to stand out in the social environment. Therefore, Jiangsu coastal areas should adopt a point-axis development model, further improve the financial structure, promote the integration of financial resources, and support the innovative and coordinated development of coastal areas in order to achieve the overall and coordinated development of Jiangsu economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Verify the inverted-U between environmental regulation and economic growth. • Economic development of the Yangtze River Delta shows a good interactive pattern. • Environmental regulation and economic development display good interaction pattern. • The impact mechanisms are the innovation and the resource consumption effects. • The economic integration of the Yangtze River Delta is in an orderly manner. The Yangtze River Delta region is a representative region for the development of China's urban agglomerations. This study explores the inverted U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and economic growth in the Yangtze River Delta region during 2002–2010 using the spatial panel data model. After the introduction of instrumental variables, the U-shaped curve is still robust, which is the theoretical value of this paper. The research verifies that technological innovation and resource consumption are important mechanisms for environmental regulation to influence economic growth. Cities in the Yangtze River Delta region have good interaction patterns in environmental regulation, economic development, technological innovation and resource consumption. Economic integration development is at a good level and can provide valuable experience for the development of other urban agglomerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Roman Empire experienced both extensive and intensive economic growth. This article first surveys the role of technology in that process, engaging with recent literature on intensive growth under Malthusian constraints. It goes on to investigate the difference in technological progress between the Roman Empire and medieval Europe. It argues that political fragmentation explains why medieval Europe was more innovative than the Roman world, invoking a comparison with imperial China to complement the analysis. The technological success of China under the Tang and Song shows that political fragmentation is not a precondition for progress. However, Roman emperors never invested in the practical application of useful knowledge, the way Chinese rulers did. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]