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A unique and important resource, full of critical practical knowledge and technical details made readily accessible. - Tiffany Ito, University of Colorado at Boulder'A comprehensive and engaging guide to EEG methods in social neuroscience; Dickter and Kiefabber offer practical details for conducting EEG research in a social/personality lab, with a broad perspective on how neuroscience can inform psychology. This is a unique and invaluable resource - a must-have for scientists interested in the social brain.'- David M. Amodio, New York University Electroencephalography (EEG) has seen a dramatic increase in application as a research tool in the psychological sciences in recent years. This book provides an introduction to the technology and techniques of EEG in the context of social and cognitive neuroscience research that will appeal to investigators (students or researchers) wishing to broaden their research aims to include EEG, and to those already using EEG but wishing to expand their analytic repertoire. It can also serve as a textbook for a postgraduate course or upper-level undergraduate course in any area of behavioural neuroscience. The book provides an introduction to the theory, technology, and techniques of EEG data analysis along with the practical skills required to engage this popular technology. Beginning with a background in the neural origins and physical principles involved in recording EEG, readers will also find discussions of practical considerations regarding the recording of EEG in humans as well as tips for the configuration of an EEG laboratory. The analytic methods covered include event-related brain potentials (ERPs), spectral asymmetry, and time-frequency analyses. A conceptual background and review of domain-specific applications of the method is provided for each type of analysis. There′s also comprehensive guided analysis for each analytic method that includes tutorial-style instruction and sample datasets. This book is perfect for advanced students and researchers in the psychological sciences and related disciplines who are using EEG in their research.

What if your best days weren't left to chance, but something you could control and activate at will? Most of us want to be a little happier, a little more focused, and a lot less stressed. We want simple approaches that are easy to fold into our everyday lives. In Sharp, you'll discover dozens of evidence-backed strategies to help you unlock your potential and enhance your performance—whether at work, school, home, or in relationships. Cognitive scientist Therese Huston unpacks the latest neuroscience research to deliver a gold mine of techniques to help you feel your sharpest including: how a calming deep breathing technique improves decision-making exactly what kind of exercise helps you think on your feet what brain science says you should look for in a doctor, and how to get focused on your most unfocused days. Forget the tired advice of'get more sleep'—Sharp dives into more innovative, actionable tips that can make a difference in your daily routine. Best of all, many of them take five minutes or less. Whether you want to make fewer mistakes, support your partner through life's challenges, or simply learn faster, Sharp gives you the tools to do it all, without having to overhaul your entire lifestyle. It's time to take charge of your mental and emotional well-being with science. For anyone looking to be a little happier, a lot more productive, and far less stressed, Sharp offers the solutions you've been looking for.

This powerfully written and co-authored book creatively engages with the topics of Black and Latinx femininity, motherhood, sexuality, racial and ethnic identity, and political engagement through the life and artistic work of Hip Hop artist Cardi B. The authors highlight examples from Cardi's lived experiences and artistry using a trap feminist framework as a starting point for sociological conversations about Black women and the trap.The authors weave foundational histories of Black sociology, Black feminism, and institutional inequalities along the lines of race, class, and gender. Drawing from moments in Cardi B's public life—her rap lyrics, her behavior at New York Fashion Week, questions about her racial and ethnic identity, the unveiling of her pregnancy, her engagement with politicians, and her responses to social media comments and critics—this book argues for the merits of addressing Black feminist theory from the bottom up—that is, to take seriously the knowledge production of Black women by attending to and creating space for hood chicks, ghetto girls, and ratchet women.By centering the lived experiences and social positions of the Black women Cardi represents, the authors expand Black feminist discourse and entrust Black women to define themselves for themselves. This book is an important contribution to scholarship for students, scholars, and readers interested in sociology, Hip Hop, pop culture, and women's studies.

Backed by quality, peer-reviewed published literature, ASHP® Injectable Drug Information™ has been one of pharmacy's most trusted resources for more than four decades. Authored under the editorial authority of AHFS Drug Information® and published by ASHP, it is the global gold standard for IV compatibility and stability information. The 2025 Edition of the industry's go-to guide is newly updated with the latest information, ASHP's Standardize 4 Safety (S4S) concentration standards including new Adult and Pediatric PCA and Epidural standard concentrations, the full list of the AHFS® Pharmacologic-Therapeutic Classification© system, 25 new monographs, and more than 270 new references for a total of over 25,000 total compatibility pairs.

Tribalism is a key evolutionary feature of humans, and the recent growth in tribal polarisation presents a serious challenge to our highly individualistic civilisation. This fascinating book examines the psychological origins and consequences of tribalism both in our private and in our public lives.The chapters explore how social, evolutionary, biological, and cognitive factors shape our tribal habits, featuring contributions from eminent international researchers. The chapters review the nature and origins of tribalism, the psychological mechanisms promoting tribalism, how tribal narratives can distort rationality and perceptions of reality, and the role of tribalism in politics and public affairs. The contributions investigate how insecurity, the search for meaning and attachment, victimhood, grievance, and cognitive shortcomings can facilitate tribal bonding and how such groups once formed can foster conflict, hatred, and irrational behaviours. The book suggests that the survival of our extremely successful civilisation based on the enlightenment values of liberty and individualism may well depend on our ability to understand and manage the human evolutionary propensity for tribalism.The book will be of great interest to students and researchers in psychology, sociology, and other disciplines of behavioural and social sciences, as well as all readers who seek to understand one of the most intriguing issues that shape human social life.

Discover the transformative power of early conversations on racial equity and cultural awareness with Little Learners, Big Hearts. This heartwarming teacher's guide fosters empathy and equity in young minds. Grounded in heart-centered learning, it seamlessly weaves principles of hope, self-education, acknowledgment, resolution, and responsive teaching to create an empowering antiracist foundation. Start shaping compassionate futures today. Preschool and K–3 teachers and childcare providers will: Promote empathy for and understanding of backgrounds, cultures, and identities that are different from what students may be used to Use mindfulness and reflection to move past discomfort and engage in challenging conversations Engage in an ongoing process of acknowledging and confronting biases Shape young children's learning in a way that allows them to draw their own conclusions Be kind, caring, and meaningful forces in the lives of all students and their families Contents: Introduction Chapter 1: Racism and Antiracism—The HEART+ of the Matter Chapter 2: Early Childhood as a Foundational Time Chapter 3: Bias in Early Childhood Chapter 4: Families and Antiracism Chapter 5: Antiracist School Culture Chapter 6: Bias-Related Teasing, Peer Aggression, and Bullying in Early Childhood Chapter 7: A Rhythm to a Rhyme—Challenging Stories, Literature, and Curricula Chapter 8: Promoting Heart, Curiosity, and Self-Determination Epilogue: A More Just and Inclusive World Appendix: Our Stories References and Resources Index

The Fifth Edition of Bioethics and the Law takes a multidisciplinary approach that combines legal discussion with jurisprudential, philosophical, and sociological materials. Strong expressions of different points of view highlight debates about bioethical issues. The text underscores the need to mediate between the law's focus on broad rules and the bioethicist's concern with context and detail. Bioethics and the Law supplements the traditional focus of bioethics on the interest of the individual with a second focus on the broader developments that shape healthcare. Connecting broad public healthcare issues to concerns of the individual patient/healthcare consumer, the text promotes understanding of unsettling and complex situations and shows the implications of bioethical developments for understandings of personhood. New to the Fifth Edition: New coauthor Ashley Hurst joins for this edition Presentation of technological innovations (e.g., artificial intelligence [AI]) and their implications for healthcare Expansive discussion of COVID-19 pandemic and public health emergencies Updated discussions of genetics and genomics and the implications for society and law Innovations in assisted reproduction Changes in abortion law Updated discussion of Medical Aid in Dying laws Professors and students will benefit from: Considering the ethical implications of health care as a business, an essential service based in professional expertise and a set of significant relationships Facing the shifting parameters of the provider/patient relationship in healthcare Understanding the role of government in designing and implementing healthcare programs such as Medicaid and Medicare Exploring the conflicts between a focus on individual autonomy and on the health of communities

This book combines theoretical and empirical research across various academic disciplines including economics, psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, and political science to describe why individuals adopt political ideologies and how this choice can potentially exacerbate conflict and violence. Ideology is particularly important to conflict. Data on intra- and international conflict shows that the number of ideologically driven conflicts has increased tremendously in recent decades. Although some researchers started to investigate this link extensively, they struggle to find holistic explanations. The book illustrates that ideologies are not only capable of shaping conflictual behavior or mobilizing political actors, but also of addressing human needs, desires, and preferences. Hence, the authors compile valuable insights from various academic disciplines to explain how individuals adopt ideologies that match their underlying needs and preferences; that ideologies have the capacity to reconcile deprived psychological human needs; and that radical groups and organizations use ideologies to recruit individuals and pursue their objectives. Real-life cases are included to better understand these relationships and to apply the theoretical background to real-world situations.

The Brassica genus contains diverse and economically important species and crops, for example, Brassica oleracea including cauliflower to kohlrabi, B.rapa including pak choi to mizuna, and aquatic crucifers such as watercress. These provide humankind with huge diversities of foods, promoting health and well-being. This substantially expanded second edition reflects the significant advances in knowledge of plant breeding and crop production which have occurred since publication of the original book in 2006. Embracing new Brassicaceae research and concepts of sustainable and automated crop production, topics include: Brassica evolution and transcontinental spread as the basis for crop breeding Gene-editing, rapid sequencing, genetic markers and linkage mapping to enable efficient plant breeding Seed development, F1 cultivars and rapid maturing crops for profitable cropping Environmental impacts on pests, pathogens, crop reliability and quality Soil health and fertility as agronomic principles Environmental sustainability, biocontrol and integrated pest management Vegetable brassicas as nutrient-rich foods for optimal health benefits An invaluable resource for all those involved in Brassica production, this is essential reading for researchers and students in horticulture and plant science, growers, producers, consultants and industry advisors.

A NEW YORK TIMES NOTABLE BOOK • The inspiring story of evangelicals in Cincinnati struggling to bridge racial divides in their own church, their community, and across the nationIn 2016, even as Ohio helped deliver victory to presidential candidate Donald Trump, Cincinnati voters also passed a ballot initiative for universal preschool. The margin was so large that many who elected Trump must have—paradoxically—also voted for the initiative: how could the same citizens support such philosophically disparate aims? What had convinced residents of this Midwestern, Rust Belt community to raise their own taxes to provide early childhood education focused on the poorest—and mostly Black—communities? When political scientist Hahrie Han set out to answer that question, her investigations led straight to an unlikely origin: the white-dominant evangelical megachurch Crossroads, where Pastor Chuck Mingo had delivered a sermon the prior year that set in motion a chain of surprising events. Raised in the Black church, Mingo felt called by God, he told Crossroads parishioners, to combat racial injustice, and to do it through the very church in which they were gathered. The result was Undivided, a faith-based program designed to foster antiracism and systemic change. The creators of Undivided recognized that any effort to combat racial injustice must move beyond recognizing and overcoming individual prejudices. Real change would have to be radical—from the very roots. In Undivided, Han chronicles the story of four participants—two men, one Black and one white, and two women, one Black and one white—whose lives were fundamentally altered by the program. As each of their journeys unfolded, in unpredictable and sometimes painful ways, they came to better understand one another, and to believe in the transformative possibilities for racial solidarity in a moment of deep divisiveness in America. The lessons they learned have the power to teach us all what an undivided society might look like—and how we can help achieve it.

Anyone who's had an argument about politics with a friend may walk away wondering how this friend could possibly hold the beliefs they do. A few self-reflective people might even wonder about their own political beliefs after such an argument. This book is about the reasons that people have, and could have, for political beliefs: the evidence they might draw on, the psychological sources of their views, and the question of how we ought to form our political beliefs if we want to be rational.The book's twenty-four chapters are divided into four larger parts, which cover the following: (1) the differences between political and other types of beliefs, (2) theories of political belief formation, (3) sources of our political beliefs and how we might evaluate them, and (4) contemporary phenomena – like polarization, fake news, and conspiracy theories – related to political beliefs. Along the way, the book addresses questions that will arise naturally for many readers, like: Does the news you choose to watch and your own social media leave you stuck in an “information bubble”? Are you committed to a certain ideology because of the history of your society? Are people who believe “fake news“ always acting irrationally? Does democracy do a good job of figuring out what's true? Are some political beliefs good and some evil? As the book investigates these and other questions, it delves into technical, philosophical topics like epistemic normativity, the connection between belief and action, pragmatic encroachment, debunking arguments, and ideology critique. Chapter summaries and discussion questions will help students and all interested readers better grasp this new, important area on the border of politics and philosophy.Key Features Systematically covers the political turn in contemporary epistemology and integrates it with important work in other fields (like psychology and political science) In addition to deep coverage of the nature of political belief, includes material on the ethics of political belief and how we ought to form our beliefs Approaches topics that naturally interest students like political disagreement, fake news, conspiracy theories, and the morality of belief Provides a Conclusion and Discussion Questions at the end of each chapter, prompting student readers to think more clearly and deeply about the material they've read The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 International license.

This topical textbook provides a thorough insight into the discipline of social psychology, presenting students with a rich and engaging account of the human social experience.Fully revised, the second edition includes a greater emphasis on cutting-edge topics within social psychology, including AI, virtual reality, social media, and political polarization. The textbook uses an accessible and readable style to show how the field's dizzying and highly fragmented array of topics, models, theories, and paradigms can best be understood through a coherent conceptual narrative that builds on learning from previous chapters. The text also examines recent developments, such as how computer simulations and big data supplement the traditional methods of experiment and correlation. It contains a range of features, including key term glossaries and compact “summing up and looking ahead” overviews for ease of reading.Social Psychology: Exploring the Dynamics of Human Experience covers an enormous range of topics from self-concept to social change, making this comprehensive textbook essential reading for any student of social psychology.

Bias in the Workplace and Society looks at the causes and management of the biases that underpin all behavior inclusive of discrimination, prejudice, and stereotyping that can occur in the workplace and in everyday contexts. It considers how such biases are developed in relation to societal and global issues and explores the manifestations of bias that are illustrated across a variety of situations. The book is based on the premise that everyone is biased and there is no such thing as an unbiased person. We cannot eliminate bias, but we can manage it.Grounded in the latest research, the book focuses on the impact of biases as they are manifested in everyday life. The first three chapters look at the reality of bias, how it develops, and how it is then reinforced by four forces – politics, business, religion, and social media. From this point it moves to explore the impact of bias across ten different areas, and, for each, it encourages discussion and debate as to the reality of impact. It asks the reader to consider the possibility that they are personally impacted by unconscious and conscious biases.The final two chapters then draw everything together, challenging the reader to realistically assess the reality of both unconscious and conscious biases in their life before moving to provide guidelines as to how biases can be managed. The point is made that behavioural change as a result of this self-examination is optional – it is a personal decision.This book is suitable for all persons concerned about the impact of bias and, particularly, students of management, leadership, HRM, diversity and decision making.

How can large-scale, real-time, and real-world data on people's behaviors, interactions, and environments improve psychological measurement, or lead to customized psychological interventions? Written expressly for social and behavioral scientists, this cutting-edge handbook describes the key concepts and tools of mobile sensing and explains how to plan and conduct a mobile sensing study. Renowned experts address the whats, whys, and how-tos of collecting'big data'using smartphones and other wearables, and explore which research questions can best be addressed with these tools. Modern statistical methods for analyzing mobile sensing data are described--for example, dynamic structural equation modeling, network modeling, and machine learning, including deep neural networks. The book includes best-practice research examples of applications in clinical psychology, aging, neuroscience, health, emotions, relationships, personality, the workplace, and other areas. Key methodological challenges and ethical/privacy issues are highlighted throughout.

The Routledge Handbook of Sociophonetics is the definitive guide to sociophonetics. Offering a practical and accessible survey of an unparalleled range of theoretical and methodological perspectives, this is the first handbook devoted to sociophonetic research and applications of sociophonetics within and beyond linguistics. It defines what sociophonetics is as a field and offers views of what sociophonetics might become. Split into three sections, this book: • examines the suprasegmental, segmental, and subsegmental units that sociophoneticians study; • reveals the ways that sociophoneticians create knowledge and solve problems across a range of theoretical and practical applications; • explores sociophonetic traditions around the world in spoken and signed languages; • includes case studies that demonstrate sociophonetic research in action, which will support and inspire readers to conduct their own projects. This handbook is an indispensable resource for researchers, undergraduate and graduate students in sociophonetics, as well as researchers and students in sociolinguistics, phonetics, phonology, language variation and change, cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, speech pathology, and language teaching—and indeed any area of study where phonetics and phonology interact with social factors and forces.

This book is to elucidate personal and social bases for personal resilience, thus addressing the issue concerning the predominance of social factors in shaping resilience. Essentially, the book starts with a clarification of resilience as a phenomenon rather than a trait. The clarification also identifies the personal bases in terms of the resilience process, which specifies belief about resilience as a precursor to learning about resilience, action for resilience, and resilience successively. To justify the personal and social bases, the book expounds the analytical-functionalist framework to specify voluntaristic and deterministic mechanisms to perform the four requisite functions of goal attainment, adaptation, integration, and latency. Equipped with the conceptual and theoretical grounds, the book proceeds to scrutinize the effects of personal and social factors on resilience and its process. The personal factors include personal background characteristics, personality, functional disability, and various beliefs, whereas the social factors include experiences of caring, peace, violence, and social exclusion in society, kindness, sociability, and aid from other people, and social capital. The scrutiny engages five databases about 6.948 Chinese people in Hong Kong and neighboring Chinese cities, composed of the public, service users, older adults, students, and people with visual impairment. Overall, the book presents ample theoretical and empirical substances to clarify the genesis of resilience.

In sports science, a thorough understanding of physiology, nutrition, and body composition is essential for optimizing athletic performance and enhancing health. Examining physiology provides insights into how the body's systems function during physical exertion, revealing the interactions between muscles, cardiovascular health, and metabolic processes. Nutrition plays a pivotal role in fueling performance, recovery, and well-being, guiding athletes in balanci.

The 12-volume set LNCS 15001 - 15012 constitutes the proceedings of the 27th International Conferenc on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2024, which took place in Marrakesh, Morocco, during October 6–10, 2024. MICCAI accepted 857 full papers from 2781 submissions. They focus on neuroimaging; image registration; computational pathology; computer aided diagnosis, treatment response, and outcome prediction; image guided intervention; visualization; surgical planning, and surgical data science; image reconstruction; image segmentation; machine learning; etc.

The six-volume set LNCS 14608, 14609, 14609, 14610, 14611, 14612 and 14613 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 46th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2024, held in Glasgow, UK, during March 24–28, 2024.The 57 full papers, 18 finding papers, 36 short papers, 26 IR4Good papers, 18 demonstration papers, 9 reproducibility papers, 8 doctoral consortium papers, and 15 invited CLEF papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 578 submissions. The accepted papers cover the state of the art in information retrieval focusing on user aspects, system and foundational aspects, machine learning, applications, evaluation, new social and technical challenges, and other topics of direct or indirect relevance to search.

Develops a literary-philosophical account of ‘conversation'that reframes core concerns in contemporary ethics, democratic politics, and literary criticismCombines new analyses of canonical works of British fiction with rigorous scholarship in ordinary language philosophy, aesthetic theory, ethics, and political philosophyBridges recent work in both literary studies and political philosophy, where scholars are reviving interest in ordinary language philosophy. Lays groundwork for future work at the intersection of literary studies, political philosophy, and ordinary language philosophyDeparts from period-bound and historicist approaches typical of literary studies and shows that this manner of reading makes the philosophical resources of canonical works of British fiction newly legibleDevelops a framework for interdisciplinary scholarship that integrates literary criticism and philosophy on the model of conversationThe ideal of ‘conversation'recurs in modern thought as a symbol and practice central to ethics, democratic politics, and thinking itself. Interweaving readings of fiction and philosophy in a ‘conversational'style inspired by Stanley Cavell, Fiction, Philosophy, and the Ideal of Conversation clarifies this lofty yet vague ideal, while developing a revitalizing model for interdisciplinary literary studies. It argues that conversation is key to exemplary responses to sceptical doubt in ordinary language and political philosophy – where scepticism threatens ethics and democratic politics – and in works of British fiction spanning from Jane Austen through Ali Smith. It shows that for these writers, conversation can shift attention from metaphysical doubts regarding our capacity to know ‘reality'and other people, to ethical, democratic, and aesthetic action. The book moreover proposes – and models – ‘conversational criticism'as a framework linking literary studies to broader political and ethical commitments, while remaining responsive to aesthetic form.

In this new edition of Matt Qvortrup's acclaimed book, the author shows how neuroscience can help us understand why people willingly give up their democratic rights or are unwillingly forced to do so.According to Plato, democracies die when people get angry. Resentment causes them to vote for demagogues. Recently, democratically elected politicians have used crises as a pretext for dismantling democracy, following a pattern we have seen since the dawn of civilization. Why do people fall for the lure of dictatorships? And what can we learn from the cause and effects of dictatorships to understand why democracies die?Death by a Thousand Cuts: Neuropolitics, Thymos, and the Slow Demise of Democracy is written in an accessible style with vignettes and new empirical data to provide historical context and neurological evidence on a much-discussed topic: the threat of democracy. This book will help readers who are concerned about the longevity of democracy understand when and why democracy is in danger of collapsing and alert them to the warning signs of its demise.

This book presents the select proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechanical and Energy Technologies (ICMET 2023). It covers a wide range of topics, including robotics and automation, advanced manufacturing technologies, materials science and engineering, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, automotive engineering, and interdisciplinary areas such as the application of computer science and electronics in mechanical engineering. This is a useful resource for researchers and professionals in mechanical engineering.

Fruits and vegetables, commonly termed as'fresh produce'are an important component of the human diet, as these provide various beneficial and essential health-related compounds. Nevertheless, fresh produce is susceptible to postharvest deterioration and decay along with loss of certain nutrients due to innapropriate storage conditions and lack of standard postharvest technologies. In addition, the short shelf life is considered another major constraint that must be extended after harvest to ensure a wider availability window of the fresh produce for consumers. From this perspective, the use of postharvest approaches is considered imperative to reduce the deterioration of harvested fresh produce in order to extend their storage and shelf life potential on a sustainable basis. Sustainable Postharvest Technologies for Fruits and Vegetables covers various aspects of postharvest technologies with major developments over the recent past and provides a way forward for the future.The sustainable use of various technologies and elicitors could be adapted from farm to fork in order to conserve the eating quality of fresh produce. Therefore, this book covers various sustainable postharvest treatments and technologies that could be considered highly effective for the delay of postharvest senescence and deterioration. Among the various technologies, the use of preharvest treatments, controlled atmosphere, dynamic control atmosphere, modified atmosphere and hypobaric conditions has tremendous potential for the fresh fruits and vegetables industry. In the same way, cold plasma, pulsed light, ultraviolet light, ultrasound technology, nanoemulsions, nano-packaging, electrolyzed water, high pressure processing, ozone gas, irradiations, edible coatings, vacuum packaging and active packaging with slow releasing compounds along with nanotechnology are highly practicable and possesses tremendous potential to be used in the maintenance of overall eating quality and storage life extension of the fresh produce.Key Features: Overviews the major factors affecting postharvest physiology and shelf life potential of fresh produce. Focuses on major sustainable technologies having the potential to maintain postharvest quality and extend shelf life of fruits and vegetables. Describes practical and recent advances of various approaches indispensable for the maintenance of overall eating quality and food safety attainment for fresh produce on a sustainable basis. Covers how quality maintenance and shelf life rely on preharvest practices, nonthermal treatments, storage atmospheres, packaging materials, active packaging, edible packaging, coating application techniques, nanotechnology and ecofriendly plant extracts and natural antagonists.

This book examines Naples's patron saint, Gennaro, the history of his blood relic, and the mystery of its periodical liquefaction.Three times a year, Neapolitans gather to witness the recurring phenomenon of the liquefaction of San Gennaro's blood. From the seventeenth century to the present, crowds have prayed to the city's patron for protection from fires, earthquakes, plagues, droughts, and the fury of Mt. Vesuvius. In the “miraculous” moment of transposition from solid to liquid, the faithful seek respite from the ills of the world in the saintly blood, a visual reminder of the blood of Christ spilled for their salvation. In Naples, the periodical liquefaction of San Gennaro's blood is not officially recognized as miraculous by the Catholic Church, which now more cautiously refers to it as a prodigy. Nevertheless, for centuries, this phenomenon has been called “a miracle” in liturgical texts approved by the ecclesiastical authority and in the words of bishops, cardinals, popes, and saints. However, not everyone agreed. This volume follows the efforts of theologians, alchemists, charlatans, and scientists who, through the centuries, have tried to answer questions such as: Is the liquefaction of San Gennaro's blood really a miracle? If not, how is it possible to explain a phenomenon that occurs only on dates liturgically relevant to the saint?The Natural History of a Neapolitan Miracle will be of great value to those interested in Religious Studies, Italian Studies, Medieval and Early Modern Studies, as well as the History of Science, Anthropology, and Ethnography.

Metaphor studies is a vibrant and fascinating field. The present book brings together the work of influential researchers analyzing metaphor empirically from Critical Socio-Cognitive perspectives (CSCDA). The case studies focus on the role of metaphor as a powerful strategy for the creation of specific world views and ideological frames, as well as for their contestation in current crises.

From NYU professor of developmental psychology Niobe Way, an in-depth exploration about what boys and young men teach us about themselves, us, and the toxic culture we have created, one in which we value money over people, toys over human connection, and academic achievement over kindness. Based on her longitudinal and mixed-method research over thirty-five years, Rebels with a Cause is a true call to action to change the culture so that we stop the vicious cycle of violence and blame. Dr. Niobe Way has spent her career researching social and emotional development and finds that boys and young men desperately want and need the same thing as everyone else: close friendships. Yet they and we grow up in a stereotyped “boy” culture, one that devalues and mocks those relationships, rather than recognizing that they're necessary for human survival. In Rebels with a Cause, Way takes her message one step beyond her previous book, Deep Secrets, which was the inspiration for an Oscar-nominated film Close, to reveal how these “rebels,” as she calls the boys and young men in her research and in her classrooms, teach us about their and our crisis of connection, evidence of which is visible in our soaring rates of depression, anxiety, loneliness, suicide, and mass violence. They also teach us about the solutions to the crisis, which is to care, to listen with curiosity, and to take individual and collective responsibility for the damage we have done to them, to ourselves, and to the world around us. Way provides us not only with data-driven insight into the roots and consequences of this crisis of connection, but also offers us concrete and empirically tested strategies for creating a culture that better aligns with our human nature and our human needs. Her book reminds us that “it's not the rebels who cause the troubles of the world, it's the troubles that cause the rebels.” The time to listen to and act on what young rebels have been telling us for almost a century is now.

Understanding Scarcity: From Marketing to Policy, Management, and Beyond explores the intricate relationship between scarcity and consumer behavior, drawing on decades of research across marketing, economics, and psychology. Marketers have long utilized scarcity tactics such as'limited time'or'limited quantity'promotions to boost demand, rooted in the principle that'scarcity increases value'. The 2007-2009 Great Recession ignited a fresh wave of interest in scarcity as more than just a promotional tool—it became a complex psychological state driven by macroeconomic factors, personal experiences, and even subtle environmental cues. This monograph captures that shift, examining scarcity as both a chronic condition and a mindset that influences every stage of consumer decision-making. This monograph highlights how scarcity can be triggered by anything from financial deprivation to simple social comparisons. The authors illuminate the profound impact of scarcity on consumer motivation, willingness to pay, and effort expended to acquire products. Drawing from a diverse range of findings, this work offers novel implications for public policy, marketing strategies, and management decisions. The authors not only review historical and contemporary research on scarcity but also offer a forward-looking agenda for future studies. Perfect for scholars and practitioners alike, this monograph offers a rich understanding of how scarcity shapes behavior, and how businesses and policymakers can harness power to better serve their audiences.

These are momentous times for the comparative analysis of judicial behaviour. Once the sole province of U.S. scholars—and mostly political scientists at that—now, researchers throughout the world, drawing on history, economics, law, and psychology, are illuminating how and why judges make the choices they do and what effect those choices have on society. Bringing together leading scholars in the field, The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Judicial Behaviour consists of ten sections, each devoted to important subfields: fundamentals—providing overviews designed to identify common trends in courts worldwide; approaches to judging; data, methods, and technologies; staffing the courts; advocacy, litigation, and appellate review; opinions; relations within, between, and among courts; judicial independence; court and society; and frontiers of comparative judicial behaviour—dedicated to expanding on opportunities for advancement. Rather than focusing on particular courts, countries, or regions, the organization of the individual chapters is topical. Each chapter explores an important topic-critically evaluating the state of that topic and identifying opportunities for future work. While the forty-two chapters share a common interest in explaining the causes and effects of judicial choices, the range of approaches to comparative research is wide, inclusive, and interdisciplinary, from contrasts and similarities to sophisticated research agendas reflecting the emerging field of judicial behaviour around the world.

Highlighting the role of precontact Indigenous women in building and transforming Mississippian culture This volume highlights how women were powerful farmers, economic decision-makers, spiritual leaders, and agents of social integration in the diverse societies of the Mississippian world, which spanned the present-day United States South to the Midwest before the seventeenth century. While Mississippian societies are some of the most well-researched pre-European contact societies on the continent, little attention has been dedicated specifically to Mississippian women. These chapters offer new insights into the vital role women played within their communities, an approach directly informed by the powerful position of American Indian women within contemporary American Indian communities. Contributors examine themes such as identity, labor, grieving, cooking, craft production, spatial organization, prestige, morbidity, kinship, and fertility. Case studies include sites throughout the Mississippian world, ranging from Illinois to Florida, including Cahokia and Moundville. Mississippian Women is the first volume to focus solely on the political, social, and economic power of women during this period, linking their actions in building their culture before European colonialism with the work of Indigenous women in the region today. A volume in the Florida Museum of Natural History: Ripley P. Bullen Series

Translating Europe in Ælfric's'Lives of Saints'is the first study of the representation of European peoples, places, and geographies in the Lives of Saints, one of early medieval England's most famed works. It examines the Lives of Saints as a unified collection whose various items work cumulatively and concurrently to provide audiences with teachings far beyond the scope of an individual homily or saints'life. In doing so, it demonstrates that Ælfric's European characters and settings served not merely as a convenient skeleton on which to frame his hagiographical narratives, but rather lay at the heart of his didactic praxis and pedagogic aims. Luisa Ostacchini systematically compares each of the 30 plus items that comprise Ælfric's Lives of Saints to their Latin sources and to one another to highlight previously unnoticed patterns and formulae within collection. In so doing, she demonstrates that Ælfric's interest in community was both inward and outward looking: he sought on the one hand to situate England within the wider Christian world, and on the other hand to promote the internal unity of the English kingdom and the reformed monastic establishment. This book sheds new light on the ways that Ælfric wrote about the Christian world and England's place within it, and further illuminates of the didactic praxis and ideology of one of the most influential and significant authors of the early medieval period. Luisa Ostacchini is a college lecturer at St John's College, Oxford, where she teaches Old and Middle English literature.

In her first book since the widely acclaimed Strangers in Their Own Land, National Book Award finalist and bestselling author Arlie Russell Hochschild now ventures to Appalachia, uncovering the'pride paradox'that has given the right's appeals such resonance.A 2024 New York Times Book Review Editors'Choice PickA New York Times Book Review Best Book of the YearFor all the attempts to understand the state of American politics and the blue/red divide, we've ignored what economic and cultural loss can do to pride. What happens, Arlie Russell Hochschild asks, when a proud people in a hard-hit region suffer the deep loss of pride and are confronted with a powerful political appeal that makes it feel'stolen'?Hochschild's research drew her to Pikeville, Kentucky, in the heart of Appalachia, within the whitest and second-poorest congressional district in the nation, where the city was reeling: coal jobs had left, crushing poverty persisted, and a deadly drug crisis struck the region. Although Pikeville was in the political center thirty years ago, by 2016, 80 percent of the district's population voted for Donald Trump. Her brilliant exploration of the town's response to a white nationalist march in 2017 — a rehearsal for the deadly Unite the Right march that would soon take place in Charlottesville, Virginia — takes us deep inside a torn and suffering community.Hochschild focuses on a group swept up in the shifting political landscape: blue-collar men. In small churches, hillside hollers, roadside diners, trailer parks, and Narcotics Anonymous meetings, Hochschild introduces us to unforgettable people, and offers an original lens through which to see them and the wider world. In Stolen Pride, Hochschild incisively explores our dangerous times, even as she also points a way forward.'A piercing... impressive and nuanced assessment of a critical factor in American politics.'— Publishers Weekly (starred review)

Natural products in the plant and animal kingdom offer a huge diversity of chemical structures that are the result of biosynthetic processes that have been modulated over the millennia through genetic effects. With the rapid developments in spectroscopic techniques and accompanying advances in high-throughput screening techniques, it has become possible to isolate and then determine the structures and biological activity of natural products rapidly, thus opening up exciting opportunities in the field of new drug development to the pharmaceutical industry. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry covers the synthesis or testing and recording of the medicinal properties of natural products, providing cutting edge accounts of the fascinating developments in the isolation, structure elucidation, synthesis, biosynthesis and pharmacology of a diverse array of bioactive natural products. - Focuses on the chemistry of bioactive natural products - Contains contributions by leading authorities in te field - Presents sources of new pharmacophores

Targetting Signaling Pathways in Solid tumour Part B, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors. - Provides the latest information on cancer research - Offers outstanding and original reviews on a range of cancer research topics - Serves as an indispensable reference for researchers and students alike

Digital technologies hold immense potential to transform the field of rehabilitation and enable greater community participation for individuals with disabilities. In the Handbook of Research on Advances in Digital Technologies to Promote Rehabilitation and Community Participation, a comprehensive exploration of these cutting-edge technologies and their impact is presented, and it delves into various digital solutions, such as virtual reality, tele-rehabilitation, mobile apps, rehabilitation platforms, and more. The book sheds light on the applications to promote rehabilitation and enhance community involvement. It provides a profound understanding of how these technologies can facilitate remote rehabilitation, foster self-management of illnesses, support independent living, and enhance communication and social participation. Furthermore, it emphasizes the accessibility of information and resources that digital technologies provide, unlocking new possibilities for individuals with disabilities. However, this research goes beyond mere exploration and also examines the challenges and opportunities associated with these digital advancements. The ethical considerations that arise in the utilization of these technologies are addressed, emphasizing the need for responsible and considerate implementation. Designed as a compendium of knowledge and theoretical foundations, this handbook offers invaluable guidance for a wide range of readers. Students interested in developing innovative technologies for healthcare can gain insights into novel approaches and methodologies. Health practitioners will discover ways to seamlessly integrate digital solutions into their practices, enhancing the rehabilitation experiences of their patients. Developers, too, will find this resource invaluable, as it deepens their understanding of the specific needs of the target population and guides the creation of solutions that address those needs effectively. The Handbook of Research on Advances in Digital Technologies to Promote Rehabilitation and Community Participation underscores the immense potential of digital technologies in transforming the lives of individuals with disabilities. It advocates for the integration of these technologies into rehabilitation programs and services, empowering individuals with disabilities to maximize their independence and engagement within their communities. By sharing groundbreaking research and practical insights, this handbook paves the way for a future where digital technologies serve as catalysts for inclusive and transformative rehabilitation practices.

A presidency unlike any other, Franklin D. Roosevelt's legacy in foreign affairs has been contested since the day of his passing. Few presidential statements have echoed through history like FDR's charge to conquer “fear itself.” Yet immediately after the end of World War II, the United States was gripped by a pervasive sense of national insecurity.In Something to Fear, Ira Chernus and Randall Fowler demonstrate that Roosevelt's rhetoric, vision, and policies promoted a broadly defined sense of American security over a period of thirty-three years, ultimately helping elevate security to its primacy in US political discourse by the end of his presidency. In doing so, however, he also heightened the prominence of insecurity in American public life, mediating the United States'transition to superpower status in a way that also elevated fear in debates over foreign affairs.FDR's presidency precipitated a complex shift in US foreign policy that defies any straightforward account organized along a linear isolationist-to-interventionist trajectory. Chernus and Fowler investigate the uncertainties and contradictions embedded in FDR's presidential rhetoric, which drew from realist, racial, progressive, nostalgic, apocalyptic, liberal internationalist, and American exceptionalist discourses. In this way, Roosevelt's rhetoric anticipated the ambivalences contained in American adventures abroad ever since.Something to Fear shows how FDR's response to the Great Depression, the debates over intervention, and World War II left an immense rhetorical legacy that often stressed insecurity. This study of FDR's entire political career also carefully links him to the Progressive Era before his presidency and to the Cold War era after it.

Much has been written on witchcraft by historians, theologians, philosophers, and anthropologists, but nothing by scientists. This book aims to reappraise witchcraft by applying to it the advances in cognitive sciences.The book is divided into four parts. Part I ('Deep History') deals with human emotions and the drive to represent witches as evil female agents. Part II ('Historical Times') focuses on those rare state and church repressions of malefice, which, surprisingly, did not feature in Islamic lands. Modern urbanization dealt a blow to the rural civilizations where accusations of witchcraft were rife. Part III ('In the Laboratory') applies neuroscience to specific case studies to investigate the personification of misfortune, the millenary stereotype witch = woman, the reality of evil, and the phenomenon of treasure hunting. Part IV ('Millenials') wonders whether intentional malefic hatred in a closed chapter in the history of humanity.An Anatomy of Witchcraft is ideal reading for students and scholars. Given its interdisciplinary nature, the book will be of interest to scholars from many fields including evolutionary psychology, anthropology, women's history, and cognitive sciences.

Our aim in compiling this book is to provide the healthcare professionals; researchers; students; and anyone interested in hematology with a comprehensive resource that reflects the current state of the field. This book has been divided into various sections; each dedicated to a specific aspect of hematology; from the basic science underpinning blood cell formation to the clinical management of hematologic disorders. In the following pages; you will find contributions from experts in the field; sharing their insights; research findings; and clinical experiences. Topics covered include the molecular basis of blood disorders; cutting-edge diagnostic techniques; therapeutic advancements; and emerging trends in hematology research.

The Oxford Handbook of Behavioral Political Science sketches the landscape of a new approach to political science: Behavioral Political Science (BPS). The work in the volume shows that ideas from different fields help to explain many of the phenomena scholars have observed with respect to political decision-making and behavior that deviate from the traditional rational choice models that have dominated the field of political science for decades. Showcasing leading scholars, The Oxford Handbook of Behavioral Political Science highlights the rich theoretical and methodological underpinnings of behavioral political science research. The Handbook provides an overview of the origins and evolution of behavioral political science to date; explores its substantive and theoretical boundaries; addresses its key theoretical and methodological approaches; and summarizes key findings and insights as applied to empirical phenomena. It does so by delineating the theoretical boundaries of the field, presenting its assumptions, concepts and theories, examines how these apply empirically, and covers some of the basic methodological approaches used. This collection is a vital resource for scholars, researchers, students, and the policy community seeking to understand and utilize behavioral political science in their own work.

Edible Flowers: Health Benefits, Nutrition, Processing, and Applications discusses several edible flowers and their history, bioactive compounds, pharmacological properties, chemistry, and manifold applications. Composed of 20 chapters, the book explores significant edible flowers which have a bioactive and pharmacological attribute apart from preservation aspects. Each of the presented flowers are analyzed by its taxonomy, history, nutritional properties, important bioactive natural compounds, pharmacological potential, use in food processing, and marketability. Medicinal and edible flowers that are grown in the various countries and are thought to promote health are also the subject of this book, thus ensuring the food security aspect. Written by a team of experts in the field, this book is a good support for researchers and scientists working in the fields of food science, food technology, and nutrition, with a special interest by the study of edible flowers. - Covers the nutritional and pharmacological aspects of edible flowers - Addresses the most popular edible flowers in the world as a source for nutraceuticals - Presents application in food products and potential health benefits - Discuss the various preservation techniques to improve the storage stability of edible flowers

The Routledge Companion to Literature and Social Justice is a comprehensive and multi- purpose collection on this important topic. With contributors working in various fields, the Companion provides in- depth analyses of both the cumulative and emergent issues, obstacles, praxes, propositions, and theories of social justice. The first section offers a historical overview of major developments and debates in the field, while the following sections look in more detail at the key traditions and show how literature and theory can be applied as analytical tools to real- world inequalities and the impact of doing so. The contributors provide reviews of major theoretical traditions, including Marxism, feminism, Critical Race Theory, disability studies, and queer studies. They also share literary analyses of influential authors including W. E. B. Du Bois, Yang Kui, Edwidge Danticat, Octavia Butler, and Rivers Solomon amongst others. The final section considers future possibilities for theory and action of justice, drawing specifically from theories and knowledges in decolonial, Indigenous, environmental, and posthumanist studies. This authoritative volume draws on the intersections between literary studies and social movements in order to provide scholars, students, and activists alike with a complete collection of the most up- to- date information on both canonical and emerging texts and case studies globally.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Digital Economy, ICDEc 2024, held in Rabat, Morocco, during May 9-11, 2024. The 43 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 117 submissions. They were categorized under the topical sections as follows: Part I: Digital Transformation, Digital Economy and Investment, Artificial Intelligence and E-learning, E-commerce and Social Media Marketing, Exploring the Nexus of Digital and Sustainable Economies in Developing States and Digital Business Models. Part II: Application of Machine Learning for Business, Digital Technologies and Innovative Management, Social Networks and Information Technologies, Digital Economy in Emerging Countries Mobile Banking and Digital Assets, Online Session.

For every parent who's worried about their child's weight or size, this insightful book offers an approach to health that focuses on the whole child—not just the growth chart. All children deserve a future free of health concerns and one full of self-esteem and wellbeing, no matter their size. Yet, given the rise in childhood obesity, there's enormous pressure on parents to raise fit, thin kids - even if their kids aren't designed to be that way. So, what does a healthy, fit child look like, and how can parents actually raise one, especially in a world of abundant food, busy lives, toxic diet culture, and societal pressures? Pediatric nutritionist Jill Castle offers parents a roadmap for navigating the ins and outs of raising children who are larger, smaller, or in-between. Drawn from science and experts in medicine, psychology, exercise, sleep, media, and nutrition, this book helps families establish healthy habits with a heightened awareness of the social issues, health concerns, and psychological impact of growing up in today's culture, especially when larger or smaller. Kids Thrive at Every Size is a holistic, whole child approach to health—focusing on physical and emotional wellness—and empowers parents to create a positive culture of health and self-esteem in their kids, no matter their size.

The second edition of The Oxford Handbook of Social Cognition is virtually an all-new update and extension of the historic first edition. It contains over 40 chapters that encompass social cognition's history and methods, primary approaches and theories, and applications both to social psychology and to other social sciences, all written by luminaries in the field. Several chapters from the first edition have been extended and updated by the original authors, but most provide the perspective of new contributors and many address topics and areas not included in the first edition. New perspectives are provided by chapters on such central social cognitive topics as impression formation, dual process theories, motivated cognition, construal level, attention, the self, prejudice and stereotyping, as well as social cognitive approaches to attitudes, personal relationships, evolutionary psychology, cognitive neuroscience, communication, culture, law, health, consumer and political psychologies. Altogether new topics include best research practices, fluency, eye-tracking, happiness, intersectionality, identity threat, morality, embodied cognition and mind perception, among others. Together these chapters provide a comprehensive review of social cognitive theory, research, and applications since its inception in the 1970s, but especially over the past decade, along with thoughtful perspectives on where the field is likely to go next. This handbook represents a definitive statement about how social cognition has developed, what it has become today, and where it is likely to lead us tomorrow. It is an essential resource for anyone whose work touches on social cognition, which is virtually everyone in psychology and related fields.

This book reviews the latest developments and applications in the field of biosensing, providing readers with an update of the earlier, successful edition, Biosensing for the 21st Century. In this book, readers will find comprehensive key information on the advances and challenges in biorecognition elements and transduction principles, including examples of new materials and new methods. Ranging from engineering chimeric enzymes to the progress in electrochemical sensing of drugs, the book discusses the latest innovations in the field and thus, provides the reader with a profound overview. In the field of biological recognition the focus will be on switchable sensors by engineering new proteins, the development of Molecular Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) for proteins or even larger biological entities, the construction of complex nucleic acid – protein structures for affinity sensing and the application of whole microbes. The book covers new trends in signal transduction which includes graphene-based field effect transistors, nanopores designed for high selectivity and sensitivity in analysis, plasmonic and nanophotonic sensing applying metal nanostructures up to new developments in microarray construction. An introduction in to the challenges in skin-interfaced systems for continuous biochemical sensing, offers a glimpse into the future of wearable technologies. Furthermore, actual areas of application of new sensing strategies such as the detection of various types of viruses and bacteria or the analysis of drugs will be highlighted. Each chapter provides a scholarly yet accessible perspective on the latest trends in biosensor technology. Given its breadth, the book has an interdisciplinary appeal and engages a wide readership, from students and researchers to practitioners in academia and industry, interested in the fields of biochemical/biomedical engineering and in biosensing methodologies and applications.

This book asks why justice is important to both individuals and to society as a whole. A number of justice questions are raised to evaluate whether mediation can deliver social, distributive, procedural, or substantive justice and fairness.Focussing on a scrutiny of mediation in the context of justice, the book covers social justice and justice issues posed by confidentiality, bias, lack of fairness, and Online Dispute Resolution. Discussing whether mediation can truly deliver justice to all, this book identifies areas where this fails and provides solutions and suggestions for improvement.. The dangers of private justice, bias, mandatory mediation, and the side lining of the importance of fairness in the resolution of disputes are all considered. In contrast, the positive aspects of mediation are added to the balance.This book will be of interest to researchers in the field of conflict resolution, law, and social science. Readers will also be found among mediators and people interested in justice and the civil justice system.

Why are first impressions so powerful? How do we “know” what others are like when we cannot read their minds? How can scientists measure biases that people do not want to admit--or do not know they have? This engaging text delves into social cognition by exploring major questions in the field through an everyday lens. Students are introduced to core concepts and processes pertaining to how people come to know themselves and understand the behavior of others. Classic and contemporary findings and experimental methods are explained. The text connects the research to pressing contemporary problems--the roots of political polarization, why even rational people fall prey to misinformation, and the best ways to reduce prejudice. Boxed definitions of key terms are included throughout.

Summarizing the recent advances in high strain rate testing, this book discusses techniques for designing, executing, analyzing, and interpreting the results of experiments involving the dynamic behavior of multifunctional materials such as metals, polymers, fiber-reinforced polymers, hybrid laminates and so forth. The book also discusses analytical and numerical modeling of materials under high-velocity impact loading and other environmental conditions. Recent advances in characterization techniques such as digital image correlation and computed tomography for high strain rate applications are included.Features Presents exclusive material on high-rate properties of fiber-reinforced composites Provides numerical techniques on the analysis and enriched data on the high strain rate behavior of materials Explores cutting-edge techniques and experimental guidelines for an array of different materials subjected to high strain rate loading Explains clear understanding of material behavior at various strain rates Reviews mechanical response of different materials at high strain rates This book is aimed at researchers and professionals in mechanical, materials, and aerospace engineering.

We have politics on our mind—or, rather, we have politics in different parts of our brains. In this path-breaking study, Matt Qvortrup takes the reader on a whistle stop tour through the fascinating, and sometimes frightening, world of neuropolitics; the discipline that combines neuroscience and politics, and is even being used to win elections. Putting the'science'back into political science, The Political Brain shows how fMRI-scans can identify differences between Liberals and Conservatives, can predict our behaviour with sometimes greater accuracy than surveys, and can explain the biology of uprisings, revolutions, and wars. Not merely a study of empirical evidence, the book shows how the philosophical theories of, among others, Plato, Aristotle, and Spinoza can be supported by brain scans. Along the way, it also provides an overview of the state-of-the-art knowledge of the organ that shapes our politics. The book shows that if we rely on evolutionary primitive parts of the midbrain—those engaged when we succumb to polarised politics—we stand in danger of squandering the gains we made through the last eight million years.

These ten lectures articulate a distinctive vision of the structure and workings of the human mind, drawing from research on embodied cognition as well as from historically more entrenched approaches to the study of human thought. On the author's view, multifarious materials co-contribute to the production of virtually all forms of human behavior, rendering implausible the idea that human action is best explained by processes taking place in an autonomous mental arena – those in the conscious mind or occurring at the so-called personal level. Rather, human behavior issues from a widely varied, though nevertheless integrated, collection of states and mechanisms, the integrated nature of which is determined by a form of clustering in the components'contributions to the production of intelligent behavior. This package of resources, the cognitive system, is the human self. Among its elements, the cognitive system includes a vast number of representations, many subsets of which share their content. On the author's view, redundancy of content itself constitutes an important explanatory quantity; the greater the extent of content-redundancy among representations that co-contribute to the production of an instance of behavior, the more fluid the behavior. In the course of developing and applying these views, the author addresses questions about the content of mental representations, extended cognition, the value of knowledge, and group minds.

The state subsidies and philanthropy that traditionally allowed orchestras to flourish have greatly diminished in the wake of recent financial crises and the COVID-19 pandemic. As in other fields affected by the precarious labor arrangements prevalent in the world of work today, it is the employees and freelancers—in this case, the musicians themselves—who suffer most. In this deeply knowledgeable and provocative book, a highly acclaimed scholar who combines the roles of law professor, music journalist, and orchestral violinist presents the first major legal study to focus on labor relations and the institutional dynamics at play within orchestras. Drawing on personal interviews with more than 250 orchestral musicians and other stakeholders—whose testimonies and actions often stand in contradiction to narratives provided by cultural economists and government cultural policymakers—the author uncovers the deteriorating welfare of musicians in two countries, the United States and the Netherlands, in which she has considerable practical orchestral experience. The methodology will reverberate with great intensity to musicians worldwide with its novel system of “movements” that focus on different vulnerabilities besetting orchestral players to highlight such issues and topics as: orchestra financing, with a special focus on the nonprofit sector and the changing nature of state subsidies in Europe; the impact of the perception of orchestras as “elitist” and of limited social value; discriminatory practices in auditions and hiring; legal and practical relevance of contemporary questions of employee categorization (regularly employed; self-employed; false self-employed); and how fair practice codes and collective bargaining agreements can be designed, implemented, and enforced. An interdisciplinary approach to a multiplicity of vulnerabilities in the sector, the study incorporates economic, historical and legal research along with a consideration of sociological factors. Case studies—from the EU Court of Justice, the Dutch Supreme Court, the Supreme Court of the United States, and the U.S. National Labor Relations Board—offer practical insight into specific legal issues, including the fundamental question of how musician employees are differentiated from freelancers. Reflecting on the cutbacks and compromises that traumatize orchestral negotiations in today's musical world, the book not only provides orchestral musicians with a wealth of useful information and suggestions for future action but also adds to the growing body of legal literature on the self-limitations of labor law and the increasing vulnerability of workers. Practitioners in labor and employment law as well as academics in the field will benefit from a powerful analysis of workers'vulnerabilities in today's labor market.