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This document provides highlights of recent clinically relevant papers in the field of equine veterinary medicine. The first study compares the efficacy and safety of oral esomeprazole and omeprazole pastes in the treatment of equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) and equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD). The results show that esomeprazole was more effective in treating ESGD and concurrent EGGD. The second study investigates the detection of Taylorella equigenitalis, the contagious equine metritis organism, using different types of swabs. The findings suggest that dry swabs perform as well as swabs in transport medium for PCR testing. The third study examines the effect of triamcinolone acetate on blood insulin and glucose concentrations in horses. The results indicate that a single intra-articular dose of triamcinolone acetate increases blood insulin and glucose concentrations for 48 hours in horses with normal insulin sensitivity. The fourth study characterizes the oral Gram-negative microbiota of healthy horses and evaluates their antimicrobial susceptibility profile. The study finds that the isolates are multidrug-resistant and have a higher resistance to macrolides, β-lactams, and quinolones. The fifth study compares the occurrence of postoperative complications and survival in horses with ileal impactions resolved by manual decompression versus jejunal enterotomy. The results show no significant differences between the two surgical methods. The final study documents a previously unreported presentation of [Extracted from the article]

Samples were analysed for plasma endogenous adrenocorticotrophic hormone (eACTH), serum cortisol, serum thyroid hormone and plasma histamine. I This study by i [1] I in the United States examined the incidence of abnormal behaviours and their association with concentrations of ovarian hormones associated with a granulosa cell tumour (GCT) i . ELECTROHYDRAULIC SHOCK WAVE THERAPY I In this study i [2] I in the United States examined the effect of the number of electrohydraulic shock wave therapy (ESWT) treatments in the management of superficial digital flexor tendinitis (SDFT) and proximal suspensory desmitis (PSD) injuries and compared short- and long-term outcomes i . [Extracted from the article]

Summary: Critical appraisal skills enabling assessment of the validity and importance of evidence are essential for clinicians to make informed decisions regarding what new information should be incorporated into their clinical practice. This review highlights key points to consider in a critical review concentrating on common study designs used in the equine literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While radiographically detected lesions were confirmed macroscopically and on the CT scans, numerous teeth which were radiographically classified as healthy displayed lesions by macroscopic inspection (13.7%) and CT analysis (58.1%). The detection of early and subtle incisor lesions indicating first signs of equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis (EOTRH) on dorsoventral intraoral radiographs is limited due to the typical localisation of the lesions on the palatal/lingual side of the incisors. I The aim of this prospective cohort study by i Edd Knowles and co-workers I in the UK was to identify the most useful physical examination, metabolic and management factors to predict laminitis development in client-owned, non-laminitic ponies i . References 1 Albers, L., Albers, J., Dullin, C., Staszyk, C. & Bienert-Zeit, A. (2022) Early incisor lesions and Equine Odontoclastic Tooth Resorption and Hypercementosis: Reliability of radiographic findings. [Extracted from the article]

The veterinary profession has been relatively understudied in social science, though recent work has highlighted the geographic dimensions of veterinary expertise. This paper draws on in‐depth qualitative interviews with Named Veterinary Surgeons (NVSs) working in UK animal research to demonstrate how and why they distinguish between ethical aspects of veterinary work in the spaces of the laboratory and general clinical practice. The paper mobilises the sociological concept of ethical boundary‐work to help understand how animal research – often assumed to represent a contentious ethical space – is constructed positively as a space for veterinary work. Findings suggest first, that NVSs differentiate between laboratory veterinary‐work and clinical work based on the scale at which veterinary expertise functions in the provision of healthcare to animals. Second, NVSs highlight a geography of veterinary authority in which veterinary expertise is felt to be more successfully applied in the laboratory compared with the clinic, where professional expertise competes with other sources of information and clients' finances and behaviours. Third, NVSs articulate a geography of consistency in which veterinary care in the laboratory is claimed to be more consistent between animals, as opposed to in the clinic, where animal experience may be influenced by individual owner characteristics. Overall, we show how through engaging in this kind of ethical boundary‐work NVSs are not only presenting a form of scientific practice as 'ethical', they are also constructing a professional topology of veterinary practice and expertise. Finally, the paper argues for greater attentiveness to veterinary geographies beyond the more routine spaces of veterinary practice. This article mobilises the sociological concept of ethical boundary‐work to help understand how animal research – often assumed to represent a contentious ethical space – is constructed positively by Named Veterinary Surgeons as a space for veterinary work. We identify three aspects through which this boundary‐work is performed: an understanding of the scale at which veterinary expertise functions, a geography of veterinary authority in different spaces, and finally a consistency of veterinary care that is more applicable in the laboratory than the clinic. Overall we show how through engaging in this kind of ethical boundary‐work, NVSs are not only presenting a form of scientific practice as 'ethical', they are also constructing a professional topology of veterinary practice and expertise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I This randomised, blinded, controlled study by i Peter Michanek and colleagues I in Sweden investigated how pulsating visible red light ( 637 nm) and near-infra red (NIR) light ( 956 nm), affects swelling and wound healing in healthy horses. i Eight healthy adult Standardbred horses had a full- thickness skin wound created using a custom made, 2 cm diameter circular punch on both sides of their neck under sedation and local anaesthesia. One wound per horse was randomly allocated to receive light-emitting diode (LED) treatment on Days 0-4, 7-11, 14-18 and 21-25, with the wound on the opposite side of the neck acting as an untreated control. Cardiology I This study by i Lisse Vera and colleagues I in Belgium investigated whether arterial wall stiffness increases with age in horses, as it does with humans. i Cardiovascular ultrasound and non-invasive blood pressure measurement were performed simultaneously on 50 young (3-7 years) and 50 old (>18 years) healthy Warmblood horses. [Extracted from the article]

I This study by Claire i [1] I in the UK investigated the prevalence of uveitis within a population of donkeys in the UK i . Clinical signs included miosis (n = 1), corpora nigra atrophy (n = 6), anterior lens capsule pigment (n = 2), cataract (n = 8), posterior synechiae (n = 3), lens subluxation (n = 1), vitreal changes (n = 2), peripapillary scarring (n = 3), and phthisis bulbi (n = 1). Improved knowledge of the prevalence, types and risk of development of post extraction complications may help reduce these complications. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents abstracts on papers related to equine veterinary education including "Proximal phalanx fractures in racehorses," by M. Smith and I. Wright, "Small colon surgery and post operative survival," by M. P. de Bont and colleagues, and "Soft tissue injuries of the tarsocrural joint," by W. Barker and colleagues.

The article presents abstracts on equine veterinary medicine which include nephrosplenic entrapment of the large colon, arytenoid cartilage abduction and stability and post operative septic arthritis.

Articles on veterinary medicine are reviewed including the dose of ketamine for horse undergoing castration, sampling of umbilical cord blood, and horses infected with coronavirus.

The article focuses on various research papers on equine including a study on cranial nuchal bursitis, the pharmacokinetics of the anticonvulsant levetiracetam in neonatal foals and interobserver variation while performing neurological examinations in horses. A study on insulin responses to standard dosed oral glucose tests (OGTs) is also analyzed.

The article offers information on several studies related to equine veterinary. It mentions that the study of Paula Schaffer and colleagues examines the cutaneous neoplasm epidemiological trends in central North America. Moreover, the study of Jutta Klewitz and colleagues assesses the live fouling and pregnancy rates in mares after the reduction of twin pregnancy through transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration (TUA).

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) has been identified as the most significant infectious disease of feedlot cattle in eastern Australia.1 Bovine respiratory disease causes economic loss due to medication costs, mortalities, excessive feed inputs associated with increased time on feed, reduced sale prices and associated labour costs. Bovine respiratory disease is a complex multifactorial condition with multiple animal, environmental and management risk factors predisposing cattle to illness. A range of microorganisms are implicated in BRD with at least four viral and five bacterial species commonly involved individually or in combination. The viruses most commonly associated with BRD in Australia are bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1), bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV or bovine pestivirus), bovine parainfluenza 3 virus (PI3) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). More recently, bovine coronavirus has been identified as a potential viral contributor to BRD in Australia.2 A number of bacterial species have also been recognised as important to the BRD complex; these include Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, Trueperella pyogenes and Mycoplasma bovis. Although one or more of the pathogens listed above can be isolated from clinical cases of BRD, there is no evidence that infection alone causes serious illness. This indicates that, in addition to specific infectious agents, other factors are crucial for the development of BRD under field conditions. These can be categorised as environmental, animal and management risk factors. These risk factors are likely to exert their effects through multiple pathways including reductions in systemic and possibly local immunity. For example, stressors such as weaning, handling at saleyards, transport, dehydration, weather conditions, dietary changes, comingling and pen competition might reduce the effectiveness of the immune system. Reduced immunocompetence can allow opportunistic infection of the lower airways with potential pathogens leading to the development of BRD. The objective of this paper is to critically review the evidence for management practices aimed at reducing the incidence of BRD in Australian feedlot cattle. Predisposing factors (Table 1) largely beyond the control of most feedlots, such as weather and exposure to respiratory viruses, are discussed separately, but these factors can generate indirect prevention responses that are discussed under the preventative practices categories. The current practices are classified as either animal preparation practices (Table 2) or feedlot management practices (Table 3). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on several studies related to equine veterinary. Topics discussed include efficacy of furosemide dosing regimens in the reduction of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) severity in racehorses; complications in horses undergoing large colon resection with either sutured end-to-end or stapled functional end-to-end anastomoses; and potential associations between repository radiographic findings and subsequent performance of Quarter Horses.

The article presents several studies concerning the epidemiological characteristics of equine atypical myopathy in Great Britain. Topics discussed include relationship between clinical factors and survival; clinical and histopathological features of glaucoma associated with descemet's membrane (DM); and increased risk of death in adult horses with acute gastrointestinal illnesses.

The article presents highlights of the research papers on veterinary education related to horses. Topics discussed include pressure on horses by distal limb bandages, surgical treatment of equine palmar/plantar annual ligament (PAL) of mineralisation, and treatment of sarcoids and risk factors for the failure of treatment.

The article discusses several studies on equine veterinary medicine. Topics include a study by C.L. McGivney and others that evaluates observer agreement in upper respiratory tract (URT) endoscopy for multiple URT disorders; a study by Brad Nelson and other that identifies factors associated with survival and time to death in horses with nephrosplenic entrapment; and a study by Frederik Pauwels and others that examines influence of a horse's stance on radiographic measurements of hoof balance.

The article presents abstracts related to equine veterinary medicine which include repair of third tarsal bone slab fracture in 17 thoroughbred racehorses, outcome foals that undergo neonatal encephalopathy, and heart rate and arrhythmia frequency of horses after an endurance race.

The article discusses the highlights of several papers that appeared in various journals in 2016 including one about dexamethasone in pregnant mares by O.A. Valenzuela and colleagues which appeared within the issue, one about abortion associated with buttercup consumption by T.W. Swerczek in the "Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association," and one about prednisolone and laminitis risk by V.J. Jordan and colleagues in the "Equine Veterinary Journal."

The article presents highlights of clinical papers related to equine veterinary medicine. A study by Safia Barazkai and colleagues describe oesophageal incompetence, observed endoscopically, following prosthetic laryngoplasty. C. Fielding and colleagues offers a retrospective study on the epidemiological and clinical features of equine coronavirus infection. A retrospective case-controlled study by led by Deanna Gazzerro focuses on the short-term complications after colic surgery.

The article discusses several studies on different clinical cases involving horses. They include "Predicting Grass Sickness Survival," by Rachel Jago and colleagues, "Internal Fixation of Cervical Fractures," by Fabrice Rossignol and colleagues, and "EHV-5 and Pulmonary Fibrosis," by Nicola Pusterla and colleagues.

The article presents equine veterinary-related studies. An American study has evaluated an ultrasonographic scoring method for transabdominal monitoring of ascarid burdens in foals. Researchers from Germany have investigated the link between hypoglycin A (HGA) occurrence in blood and urine and atypical myopathy disease outbreak. A study from Sweden has evaluated the clinical use of serum thymidine kinase (sTK) as a biomarker for lymphoma in horses.

The article presents abstracts on topics related to equine veterinary including the link between atypical myopathy caused by hypoglacin A intoxication, the associated factors and prognosis of equine recurrent uveitis, and the abnormalities of deep digital flexor tendon.

The article discusses various topics on horses' diseases and their treatment from the 2015 issue of the journal "Equine Veterinary Education." The use of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS) to treat headshaking is recommended. The clinical aspects such as the occurrence and the diagnosis of primary navicular bone disease is discussed. Moreover, the symptoms like lameness and formation of musculoskeletal lesions in horses affected with carpel sheath effusion is described.

Zoonotic spillover and subsequent disease emergence cause significant, long‐lasting impacts on our social, economic, environmental and political systems. Identifying and averting spillover transmission is crucial for preventing outbreaks and mitigating infectious disease burdens. Investigating the processes that lead to spillover fundamentally involves interactions between animals, humans, pathogens and the environments they inhabit. Accordingly, it is recognized that transdisciplinary approaches provide a more holistic understanding of spillover phenomena. To characterize the discourse about spillover within and between disciplines, we conducted a review of review papers about spillover from multiple disciplines. We systematically searched and screened literature from several databases to identify a corpus of review papers from ten academic disciplines. We performed qualitative content analysis on text where authors described either a spilloverpathway, or a conceptual gap in spillover theory. Cluster analysis of pathway data identified nine major spillover processes discussed in the review literature. We summarized the main features of each process, how different disciplines contributed to them, and identified specialist and generalist disciplines based on the breadth of processes they studied. Network analyses showed strong similarities between concepts reviewed by 'One Health' disciplines (e.g. Veterinary Science & Animal Health, Public Health & Medicine, Ecology & Evolution, Environmental Science), which had broad conceptual scope and were well‐connected to other disciplines. By contrast, awas focused on processes that are relatively overlooked by other disciplines, especially those involving food behaviour and livestock husbandry practices. Virology and Cellular & Molecular Biology were narrower in scope, primarily focusing on concepts related to adaption and evolution of zoonotic viruses. Finally, we identified priority areas for future research into zoonotic spillover by studying the gap data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the highlights of several papers related to equine veterinary practice. One study has examined the presence of myocardial injury in horses with acute abdominal disease. Another study has investigated the ventricular response in 43 horses with lone atrial fibrillation. Meanwhile, a case report has described the removal of ureteral calculi using a standing flank approach to treat ureteroliths.

The article presents abstracts on veterinary medicine topics including the study on injury effects to the suspensory branch insertion in young racehorses, long-term outcome and complications after surgical correction of severe overbite using a type I external fixator and corrective osteotomy, and intramuscular meperidine hydrochloride efficacy in experimental foot lameness.

The article discusses the retrospective case series that aimed to determine the veterinary medicine for trocanter fractures in horses in the aspects of clinical, radiographic, ultrasonographic, management, and outcomes. It explores the medical records of horses diagnosed with third trocanter fractures and the nonsurgical management of horses. It suggests the benefits of prognosis and appropriate period of rest and restricted exercise to resolve lameness in horses.

Abstracts of several topics related to veterinary medicine are presented including the efficacy of anthelmintic medicine against strongyles, the role of metformin treating equine metabolic syundrome (EMS), and the pharmacokinetic characteristics of triamcinolone acetonide.

Purpose: To examine variables that affect publication of ACVO meeting abstracts in peer‐reviewed journals and compare results to ECVO publication rate (PR). Methods: Published papers were identified via online searches for abstracts from 2008 to 2012 ACVO/ECVO meetings. Variables analyzed (via Pearson's chi‐Squared test) included the following: oral presentation/poster, type of abstract (clinical/basic science/case report), species, ocular tissue, nationality, funding, first/last/any author a diplomate, resident as first author, and author affiliation (private practice/university). Results: One hundred and eighty‐six of 577 ACVO abstracts were published within 608 ± 479 days, with 103 published in Veterinary Ophthalmology. Significant factors included the following: nationality of first/last authors (P =.005); English as first language (P <.001); presentation type (P <.001, oral 40% PR, poster 22% PR); type of study (P =.037, clinical study 35% PR, basic science 30% PR, case report 16% PR); resident as first author (P <.001); diplomate as any author except first/last (P <.001); first author affiliation (P =.001, university 37% PR, practice 21% PR); last author affiliation (P =.003, university 36% PR, practice 22% PR); and species (P <.001, horses 53% PR, multiple species 50% PR, cats 35% PR, food animals 31% PR, exotics/wildlife 31% PR, dogs 27% PR, laboratory animals/in vitro 24%). Nonsignificant factors were as follows: diplomate as first/last author, funding, and ocular tissue. Presentation type, resident as first author, university affiliation of first author, and species had the greatest effect on publication probability. For the same period, ECVO PR was 87 of 299, which was not significantly different from ACVO PR (P =.342). Conclusion: At 32%, ACVO PR for the study years is similar to ECVO PR of 29%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information related to veterinary researches. It mentions the study that examines the clinical records of 62 horses, in which outcomes suggest that medical management of sand enteropathy is associated with good quality prognosis. It states that the study that investigates causes of respiratory noises in horses after prosthetic laryngoplasty, in which results demonstrate the fundamental role of dynamic endoscopy in the diagnosis of airway collapse in horses.

The article presents abstracts of articles on equine veterinary topics including "Ultrasonographic appearance of bony abnormalities," by K. Vanderperren and colleagues, "Seasonal variations in diagnostic test results," by C. M. Schreiber and colleagues, and "Antimicrobial prescribing practice in the UK," by L. A. Highes and collegues.

The article presents abstracts of articles on equine veterinary topics including "Ethanol treatment for distal tarsal joint osteoarthritis," by L. Lamas and colleagues, "Angular limb deformities of the distal radius," by E. R. Carlson and colleagues, and "How precise are ultrasonographic measurements?," by J. M. Zauscher and colleagues.

The article discusses research related to equine veterinary medicine. The study by Pete Ramzan and colleagues found that subclinical ultrasonographic abnormalities of suspensory ligament branches may be present in horses with no clinical indication of suspensory branch injury. A case series showed that computed tomography provided information for ethmoid haematoma (EH) treatment in horses. Results of a study on racing-related sudden death in Thoroughbred racehorses are discussed.

The article presents abstracts related to veterinary medicine including "Preoperative diagnostic methods for digital flexor tendon sheath pathology," by A. R. Fiske-Jackson and colleagues, "Outbreak of besnoitiosis in donkeys," by S. L. Ness and colleagues, and "Myenteric ganglionitis and recurrent colic," by K. R. Blake and colleagues.

The article presents abstracts related to equine veterinary which include nasopharyngeal cicatrix syndrome (NCS) in horses, the association of local airborne particulate concentration with visible tracheal mucus among Thoroughbred racehorses, and the comparison of vaccination responses of horses after the administration of vaccination for influenza and tetanus.

The article presents abstracts of several articles on equine veterinary topics which include "European outbreaks of atypical myopathy in grazing horses," by G. van Galen and colleagues, "Abnormal scintigraphic findings of adult equine ribs," by J. A. Dahlberg and colleagues, and "Detection of articular lesions: radiography vs. ultrasonography," by A. Hinz and A. T. Fischer Jr.

The article presents abstracts on equine veterinary medicine including the influence of mild exercise on bone size and strength, the identification of joint injuries in thoroughbred racehorses, and the classification of carpal, metacarpohalangeal and metatarsophalangeal (MCP/MTP) joint injuries.

The article presents abstracts on equine veterinary which include the renosplenic entrapment in a seven-year-old stallion, clinical signs of endotoxaemia in horses with colic and arthroscopic cartilage reattachment for the treatment of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions.

The article presents abstracts on veterinary medicine research topics including one on the test for the safety and efficacy of streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus as a nebulised intranasal vaccine against streptococcal uterine infections in mares, one on the outcome after medical or surgical treatment of post partum mares with confirmed or presumptive uterine tears, and one on the health status of 14 foals derived by use of somatic cell nuclear transfer.

The article presents abstracts on veterinary medicine research topics including one describing and evaluating full-thickness skin grafting of equine wounds, one evaluating the sensitivity and accuracy of low-field MR imaging for identification of cartilage erosions that were created ex vivo, and one on a core lesion which was created in the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) of each forelimb of 4 horses.

The article presents abstracts on veterinary medicine which include a standing laparoscopic ovariectomy technique with intraabdominal ovarian dissection inside a specimen retrieval bag for removal of large pathologic ovaries through small incisions, the association between results of endoscopic evaluation of arytenoid function (AF) and epiglottic structure (ES) in Thoroughbred yearlings, and assessment of superficial digital flexor tendonitis treatments in the Thoroughbred racehorse.

Veterinary medicine is the profession that is widely perceived as being at the forefront of animal care in the United Kingdom (UK). It is a form of care that is multi‐spatial and multi‐species: veterinary surgeons are involved in broad debates about animal welfare while also intimately caring for our pet companions. In order to regulate the profession, the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons provides the Code of Professional Conduct (CPC) as the principal ethical framework that must be adhered to by all UK veterinary surgeons. The main aim of the CPC claims to ensure that the animal is, first and foremost, the primary consideration in veterinary medicine. By exploring the CPC in relation with animal geographies, emotional geographies and science and technology studies, this paper shows how the CPC remains anthropocentric and focused on a rational scientism that limits affective attunement with non‐human animals and distrusts the role of emotion and affect in veterinary medicine. These ethical‐spatial implications are then shown to extend beyond the CPC and into the conceptual terrain of ethics teaching in undergraduate veterinary education. As a way through this ethical tangle, a more‐than‐human geography of empathy is proposed. This notion takes the site of empathy as its geographical focus and suggests that a more critical, situated and holistic understanding of empathy might allow for a more thorough consideration of the tensions between human and animal and science and emotion in veterinary medicine and human geography more widely. Veterinary medicine is the profession that is widely perceived as being at the forefront of animal care in the United Kingdom (UK). In order to regulate the profession, the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons provides the Code of Professional Conduct (CPC) as the principal ethical framework which must be adhered to by all UK veterinary surgeons. By exploring the CPC in relation with animal geographies, emotional geographies and science and technology studies, this paper shows how the CPC remains anthropocentric and focused on a rational scientism which limits affective attunement with non‐human animals and distrusts the role of emotion and affect in veterinary medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crisis generated by the emergence and pandemic spread of COVID‐19 has thrown into the global spotlight the dangers associated with novel diseases, as well as the key role of animals, especially wild animals, as potential sources of pathogens to humans. There is a widespread demand for a new relationship with wild and domestic animals, including suggested bans on hunting, wildlife trade, wet markets or consumption of wild animals. However, such policies risk ignoring essential elements of the problem as well as alienating and increasing hardship for local communities across the world, and might be unachievable at scale. There is thus a need for a more complex package of policy and practical responses. We undertook a solution scan to identify and collate 161 possible options for reducing the risks of further epidemic disease transmission from animals to humans, including potential further SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission (original or variants). We include all categories of animals in our responses (i.e. wildlife, captive, unmanaged/feral and domestic livestock and pets) and focus on pathogens (especially viruses) that, once transmitted from animals to humans, could acquire epidemic potential through high rates of human‐to‐human transmission. This excludes measures to prevent well‐known zoonotic diseases, such as rabies, that cannot readily transmit between humans. We focused solutions on societal measures, excluding the development of vaccines and other preventive therapeutic medicine and veterinary medicine options that are discussed elsewhere. We derived our solutions through reading the scientific literature, NGO position papers, and industry guidelines, collating our own experiences, and consulting experts in different fields. Herein, we review the major zoonotic transmission pathways and present an extensive list of options. The potential solutions are organised according to the key stages of the trade chain and encompass solutions that can be applied at the local, regional and international scales. This is a set of options targeted at practitioners and policy makers to encourage careful examination of possible courses of action, validating their impact and documenting outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecosystem health, human-primate interface, one health, primate conservation Next, Moresco et al. (2021) introduce readers to the science around reproductive health in nonhuman primates, which they note is often overlooked in primate health studies because these diseases are often noninfectious. GAHMU and the associated conferences in Leipzig Germany and Entebbe Uganda inspired many of us interested in great ape health to examine health and disease under the over-arching umbrella of One Health (Leendertz et al., 2006). Keywords: ecosystem health; human-primate interface; one health; primate conservation EN ecosystem health human-primate interface one health primate conservation 1 3 3 06/16/22 20220501 NES 220501 In 1999, Janette Wallis and Rick Lee (1999) published a paper titled "Primate Conservation: The Prevention of Disease Transmission.". [Extracted from the article]

Microencapsulation is a process where very minute droplets or particles of solid or liquid or gas are trapped with a polymer to isolate the internal core material from external environmental hazards. Microencapsulation is applied mostly for flavor masking, fortification, and sustained and control release. It improves palatability, absorption, and bioavailability of drugs with good conformity. Microencapsulation has been widely studied in numerous drug delivery systems for human health. The application of microcapsules in the veterinary pharmaceutical sciences is increasing day by day. The treatment systems for humans and animals are likely to be similar, but more complex in the veterinary field due to the diversity of the species, breeds, body size, biotransformation rate, and other factors associated with animal physiology. Commercially viable, economically profitable, and therapeutically effective microencapsulated vaccine, anthelmintic, antibacterial, and other therapeutics have a great demand for livestock and poultry production. Nowadays, researchers emphasize the controlled and sustained‐release dosage form of drugs in the veterinary field. This paper has highlighted the microencapsulation materials, preparation techniques, characteristics, roles, and the application of microcapsules in veterinary medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts on equine veterinary education including a wireless activity monitoring system to quantify locomotor activity in horses, the use of N-butyiscopolammonium bromide to facilitate through ophthalmic examination in horses, and the feasibility and safety of distal limb contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

This paper discusses the wide range of roles that Government veterinarians play both in Australia and globally. The paper was presented as a plenary session at the National Australian Veterinary Association Annual Conference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]