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• The research on the complex bursting behaviors in the permanent magnet synchronous motor system with external load perturbation has barely been reported, so this paper shows that the system has bursting oscillations, which enrich the dynamic behaviors in the motor system. • Permanent magnet synchronous motor system with external load perturbation can produce fast-slow coupling effect that is the prerequisite for generating bursting oscillations. • Changes in the system's own parameters and changes in the amplitude of external load perturbation can cause permanent magnet synchronous motor system to exhibit different types of bursting oscillations. • This paper reveals the bursting mechanisms through using fast–slow dynamics analysis method in detail and summarizes the ranges of parameters corresponding to different operating states of the motor. This research aims to study the bursting oscillations and bifurcation mechanism in a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) system with external load perturbation. When an order gap exists between the external load perturbation frequency and the natural frequency of the PMSM system, the PMSM system exhibits bursting oscillation behaviors. First, the mathematical model of a PMSM with external load perturbation is established by considering the external load perturbation as a slow-varying parameter. The PMSM system is transformed into a generalized autonomous PMSM system. Second, the Fold and Hopf bifurcation conditions of the PMSM system are obtained through bifurcation analysis. Third, the bursting oscillations and bifurcation mechanism of the PMSM system are analyzed in detail by using equilibrium point distribution and bifurcation diagrams, transformed phase portraits, and time series diagrams. The PMSM system exhibits periodic symmetric Fold/Fold bursting oscillations and periodic delayed subHopf/subHopf bursting oscillations, as the parameters change. When the amplitude of the external load perturbation changes and the PMSM system parameters are fixed, the bursting oscillation processes in different ranges of amplitude are revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]