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It is well-known that trans and non-binary individuals experience worse health outcomes due to experiences of violence and discrimination. For this reason, accessible healthcare for trans and non-binary people is crucial. There is a lack of Canadian literature on the experiences of non-binary people within the healthcare system. This study sought to understand barriers to healthcare among non-binary people living in a mid-sized urban/rural region of Canada. Interviews were conducted between November 2019 to March 2020 with 12 non-binary individuals assigned female at birth, living in Waterloo Region, Ontario, Canada, as a part of a larger qualitative study exploring experiences within the community, healthcare and employment. Three broad themes were developed: erasure, barriers to access to healthcare, and assessing whether (or not) to come out. Sub-themes included institutional erasure, informational erasure, general healthcare barriers, medical transition healthcare barriers, anticipated discrimination, and assessing safety. Policy and institutional changes are needed to increase the safety and accessibility of healthcare services to non-binary individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The Canadian Model for Peatlands (CaMP) was run across 5 ecozones from 1990 to 2019. • Canada's peatlands were a carbon sink over those 30 years. • In large fire years, peatlands switched to a carbon source. • There are regional differences in C emissions and removals. • Forested peatlands have high sink-rates but are also more vulnerable to disturbances. This study applied the Canadian Model for Peatlands (CaMP) to 63.9 million hectares of peatlands within boreal and temperate ecozones of Canada to assess the trends in atmospheric carbon (C) emissions and removals and C sequestration over 30 years (1990–2019). The CaMP modelled net ecosystem productivity (NEP) for peatlands within the study area indicated a net C sink at an annual mean rate of 30.9 Mt C y−1 (48.4 g C m−2 y−1). Net Biome Productivity (NBP), which accounts for losses of carbon due to wildfire, reduced the C sink to 19.0 Mt C y−1 (29.8 g C m−2 y−1). On an area-weighted basis, the Hudson Plains and the Boreal Plains had the highest NBP (34.9 and 34.0 g C m−2 y−1, respectively) and the Atlantic Maritime and Boreal Shield West had the lowest (25.3 and 24.6 g C m−2 y−1 respectively), with the Boreal Shield East having intermediate NBP (27.5 g C m−2 y−1). NBP was highest in peatlands with forest cover, rising with increasing nutrient status (bog < poor fen < rich fen). These modelled values compare well with long-term carbon accumulation rates found in the literature for Canadian peatlands ranging from 6 to 70 g C m−2 y−1. While most years peatlands were a net sink of C, years with extensive fires resulted in peatlands being a small net source of C. The study highlighted that forested peatlands were important in driving the C sequestration sink but were also sensitive to climate warming due to high rates of soil CO 2 emission and large wildfire C emissions. This highlights an important, yet vulnerable role these forested peatlands play in Canada's national greenhouse gas accounting. While this research is the first to produce estimates of C sequestration and greenhouse gas emission and removal rates across such a large area of Canada, further research is required across peatland types and ecozones to improve parameterization, validation, and process representations. Our results stress the importance of ecozone-specific analyses and accounting for infrequent large fire years and fire risk in land management policy and carbon accounting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]