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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with a global prevalence of 25%, continues to escalate, creating noteworthy concerns towards the global health burden. NAFLD causes triglycerides and free fatty acids to build up in the liver. The excessive fat build-up causes inflammation and damages the healthy hepatocytes, leading to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Dietary habits, obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia influence NAFLD progression. The disease burden is complicated due to the paucity of therapeutic interventions. Obeticholic acid is the only approved therapeutic agent for NAFLD. With more scientific enterprise being directed towards the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of NAFLD, novel targets like lipid synthase, farnesoid X receptor signalling, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors associated with inflammatory signalling, and hepatocellular injury have played a crucial role in the progression of NAFLD to NASH. Phytocompounds have shown promising results in modulating hepatic lipid metabolism and de novo lipogenesis, suggesting their possible role in managing NAFLD. This review discusses the ameliorative role of different classes of phytochemicals with molecular mechanisms in different cell lines and established animal models. These compounds may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for NAFLD progression to NASH. This review also deliberates on phytomolecules undergoing clinical trials for effective management of NAFLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the European Union ban of antibiotic growth promoters, works on different methods of improving gut health have intensified. The poultry industry is struggling with problems that were previously controlled by antibiotic growth promoters, therefore the search for optimal solutions continues. Simultaneously, there is also increasing social pressure to minimize the use of antibiotics and replace them with alternative feed additives. A variety of available alternatives is considered safe by consumers, among which phytogenics play a significant role. However, there are still some limitations that need to be considered. The most questionable are the issues related to bioavailability, metabolism of plant derivatives in birds, and the difficulty of standardizing commercial products. There is still a need for more evidence-based recommendations for the use of phytogenics in livestock. On the other hand, a positive influence of phytogenic compounds on the health of poultry has been previously described by many researchers and practical application of these compounds has auspicious perspectives in poultry production. Supplementation with phytogenic feed additives has been shown to protect birds from various environmental threats leading to impaired intestinal barrier function. Phytogenic feed additives have the potential to improve the overall structure of intestinal mucosa as well as gut barrier function on a molecular level. Recognition of the phytogenicsʼ effect on the components of the intestinal barrier may enable the selection of the most suitable ones to alleviate negative effects of different agents. This review aims to summarize current knowledge of the influence of various phytogenic constituents on the intestinal barrier and health of poultry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on a corporate video placed by GR Scientific on its website, illustrating the progress it has made and also describes the titration products, Aquamax KF Coulometric, Aquamax KF Volumetric and Aquamax TAN.

This article discusses a clinical trial, NCT06400498, that aims to determine the impact of prompting consideration of palliative care consultation through the electronic health record on the number of palliative consultations and hospital-free days for hospitalized adults with End-Stage Liver Disease (ESLD). The trial will use phenotyping and the "Surprise Question" as screening tools to identify patients with ESLD and prompt providers to consider palliative care consultation. The study team hopes to evaluate the effect of this intervention on provider referral rates and outcomes for patients with ESLD. The study is not yet recruiting participants and is expected to be completed by February 2028. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Careggi University Hospital in Firenze, Italy, explored the potential role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in Crohn's disease (CD). The researchers found that NETs may enhance the profibrotic activity of intestinal fibroblasts in CD through the TLR2/NF-kB pathway. The study involved analyzing tissue samples from CD patients and conducting experiments with fibroblasts and mice. The findings suggest that targeting PAD4, which is involved in NETosis, could potentially reduce inflammation and fibrogenesis in CD. Further research is needed to fully understand the implications of these findings. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Genova in Italy examined the use of bivalirudin in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The study found that bivalirudin followed by a high-dose infusion was associated with a significant reduction in stent thrombosis (ST) and net adverse clinical events (NACE) compared to unfractionated heparin (UFH). However, the study did not find a significant reduction in all-cause mortality with bivalirudin. Further investigations are needed to determine if bivalirudin can reduce mortality in ACS patients. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview and some recent advances in the models, analysis and simulation of thermal transport of phonons as related to the field of microscale/macroscale heat conduction in solids. The efforts focus upon a fairly comprehensive overview of the subject matter from a unified standpoint highlighting the various approximations inherent in the thermal models. Subsequently, the numerical formulations and illustrations using the current state-of-the-art are provided. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is dedicated to the approximate solution to the relaxation time phonon Boltzmann equation (BE). While original contributions are pointed out and addressed appropriately, the efforts and contributions will be focussed on a relatively complete overview highlighting the field from one unified standpoint and clearly stating all assumptions that go into the approximations inherent to existing models. The contents will be divided as follows: In the first section the authors will give an overview of semi-classical phonon transport physics. Then the authors will discuss the equation of phonon radiative transport (EPRT) and its approximations—the ballistic-diffusive approximation (BDA) and the new heat equation (NHE). Next the authors derive and discuss the C-F model. A numerical discretization method valid for all models is then presented followed by results to numerical simulations and discussion. Findings – From a unified treatment based on the introduction of an energy distribution function, the authors have derived the EPRT and its two well-known approximations: BDA and NHE. For completeness and to provide a vehicle for a general numerical discretization approach, the authors have also included analysis of the C-F model and the parabolic and hyperbolic descriptions of heat transfer along with it. The approximation of angular dependence of phonons in radiation-like descriptions of transport has been given special attention. The assumption of isotropy was found to be of paramount importance in the formulation of position space models for phononic thermal transport. For the thin film problem considered here, the NHE along with the proper boundary condition appears to be the best choice to approximate the phonon BE. Not only does it provide predictions that are in excellent agreement with EPRT, it does not require the discretization of phase space making it far more computationally efficient. Originality/value – The authors hope this work will help dispel the idea that since Fourier’s law describes diffusion (under limiting assumptions) and it has shown to be ineffective in describing heat transfer for very thin films, that diffusion cannot describe heat transfer in thin films and one should look to a radiative description instead. If one considers diffusion in the sense of random motion, as invisaged by the original builders of the subject (Smoluchowski, Einstein, Ornstein et al.), instead of a temperature gradient, the idea that diffusion can govern thermal transport at this scale is not surprising. Indeed, the NHE is essentially a diffusion equation that describes the motion of particles up to the point of true randomness (isotropy) as well as thereafter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY: Plasmodium falciparum malaria is responsible for over 250 million clinical cases every year worldwide. Severe malaria cases might present with a range of disease syndromes including acute respiratory distress, metabolic acidosis, hypoglycaemia, renal failure, anaemia, pulmonary oedema, cerebral malaria (CM) and placental malaria (PM) in pregnant women. Two main determinants of severe malaria have been identified: sequestration of parasitized red blood cells and strong pro-inflammatory responses. Increasing evidence from human studies and malaria infection animal models revealed the presence of host leucocytes at the site of parasite sequestration in brain blood vessels as well as placental tissue in complicated malaria cases. These observations suggested that apart from secreting cytokines, leucocytes might also contribute to disease by migrating to the site of parasite sequestration thereby exacerbating organ-specific inflammation. This evidence attracted substantial interest in identifying trafficking pathways by which inflammatory leucocytes are recruited to target organs during severe malaria syndromes. Chemo-attractant cytokines or chemokines are the key regulators of leucocyte trafficking and their potential contribution to disease has recently received considerable attention. This review summarizes the main findings to date, investigating the role of chemokines in severe malaria and the implication of these responses for the induction of pathogenesis and immunity to infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A muon decay accompanied by a photon through the inner Bremmstrahlung process ( , radiative muon decay) produces a time-correlated pair of positron and photon which becomes one of the main backgrounds in the search for decay. This channel is also an important probe of timing calibration and cross-check of whole the experiment. We identified a large sample (∼ 13000) of radiative muon decays in MEG data sample. The measured branching ratio in a region of interest in the search is consistent with the standard model prediction. It is also the first measurement of the decay from polarized muons. The precision measurement of this mode enables us to use it as one of the normalization channels of decay successfully reducing its uncertainty to less than 5%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Substances in olive products contribute to improved health as suggested by epidemiological data. In this study we assessed the effects of hydroxytyrosol (HT) on inflammatory mediators, cytokines and chemokines, and identified anti-inflammatory constituents of aqueous olive extracts, i.e., olive vegetation water (OVW). Murine macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of substances; inflammatory mediators [nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cytokines, interleukins, chemokines] were determined by the Griess reaction, EIA, or multiplex ELISA (Luminex technology). Expression of inflammatory genes was determined by RT‑PCR. Aqueous olive extracts were fractionated by preparative HPLC and the fractions investigated for their effects on NO and PGE2 production. Results were further analyzed by principal component analysis. HT inhibited production of NO and PGE2 with an IC50 of 11.4 and 19.5 μM, respectively, reflecting strong anti-inflammatory activity. HT and OVW diminished secretion of cytokines (IL- 1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α), and chemokines (CXCL10/IP-10, CCL2/MCP-1). HT and OVW concentration- dependently reduced the expression of genes of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-1α, CXCL10/IP-10, MIP-1β, matrix metalloproteinase- 9, and prostaglandin E2 synthase (PGES). The effects of HT were partly mediated via the NF-κB pathway, as shown by RT‑PCR analysis. HT was identified as themain bioactive compound of OVW. The data provide a molecular basis for elucidating the effects of HT on inflammatory processes. The effects of HT on NO and chemokine production point to their impact on chronic inflammatory processes in endothelium or arthritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following previous work on the anti-giardial effect of blueberry polyphenols, a range of polyphenol-rich extracts from berries and other fruits was screened for their ability to kill Giardia duodenalis, an intestinal parasite of humans. Polyphenol-rich extracts were prepared from berries using solid-phase extraction and applied to trophozoites of Giardia duodenalis grown in vitro. All berry extracts caused inhibition at 166 μg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/ml phenol content but extracts from strawberry, arctic bramble, blackberry and cloudberry were as effective as the currently used drug, metronidazole, causing complete trophozoite mortality in vitro. Cloudberry extracts were found to be the most effective causing effectively complete trophozoite mortality at 66 μg GAE/ml. The polyphenol composition of the more effective berry extracts suggested that the presence of ellagitannins could be an important factor. However, the potency of cloudberry could be related to high ellagitannin content but also to the presence of substantial amounts of unconjugated p-coumaric acid and benzoic acid. These in vitro effects occur at concentrations easily achievable in the gut after berry ingestion and we discuss the likelihood that berry extracts could be effective anti-giardial agents in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A list of the suppliers of scientific instruments and chemicals is presented, including Mil-Ram Technology, Inc., Plas-Labs, Inc., and Agilent Technologies Sales & Services GmbH.

An alphabetical listing of several suppliers of scientific instruments and chemicals is presented, including A J Cope & Son Ltd., AGC Instruments Ltd., and Adam Equipment Co., Ltd.

Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) caused by Leishmania infantum is an important disease of humans and dogs. Here we review aspects of the transmission and control of ZVL. Whilst there is clear evidence that ZVL is maintained by sandfly transmission, transmission may also occur by non-sandfly routes, such as congenital and sexual transmission. Dogs are the only confirmed primary reservoir of infection. Meta-analysis of dog studies confirms that infectiousness is higher in symptomatic infection ; infectiousness is also higher in European than South American studies. A high prevalence of infection has been reported from an increasing number of domestic and wild mammals; updated host ranges are provided. The crab-eating fox Cerdocyon thous, opossums Didelphis spp., domestic cat Felis cattus, black rat Rattus rattus and humans can infect sandflies, but confirmation of these hosts as primary or secondary reservoirs requires further xenodiagnosis studies at the population level. Thus the putative sylvatic reservoir(s) of ZVL remains unknown. Review of intervention studies examining the effectiveness of current control methods highlights the lack of randomized controlled trials of both dog culling and residual insecticide spraying. Topical insecticides (deltamethrin-impregnated collars and pour-ons) have been shown to provide a high level of individual protection to treated dogs, but further community-level studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARYMolecular phylogenetic analyses of 113 taxa representing Ascaridida, Rhigonematida, Spirurida and Oxyurida were used to infer a more comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis for representatives of ?clade III?. The posterior probability of multiple alignment sites was used to exclude or weight characters, yielding datasets that were analysed using maximum parsimony, likelihood, and Bayesian inference methods. Phylogenetic results were robust to differences among inference methods for most high-level taxonomic groups, but some clades were sensitive to treatments of characters reflecting differences in alignment ambiguity. Taxa representing Camallanoidea, Oxyurida, Physalopteroidea, Raphidascarididae, and Skrjabillanidae were monophyletic in all 9 analyses whereas Ascaridida, Ascarididae, Anisakidae, Cosmocercoidea, Habronematoidea, Heterocheilidae, Philometridae, Rhigonematida and Thelazioidea were never monophyletic. Some clades recovered in all trees such as Dracunculoidea and Spirurina included the vast majority of their sampled species, but were non-monophyletic due to the consistent behaviour of one or few ?rogue? taxa. Similarly, 102 of 103 clade III taxa were strongly supported as monophyletic, yet clade III was paraphyletic due to the grouping of Truttaedacnitis truttaewith the outgroups. Mapping of host ?habitat? revealed that tissue-dwelling localization of nematode adults has evolved independently at least 3 times, and relationships among Spirurina and Camallanina often reflected tissue predilection rather than taxonomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2024 FEB 17 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Investigators publish new report on Crohn's disease. According to news originating from [...]

Byline: Jing. Zhang, Linlin. Zhao, Huzi. Li, Yingjie. Jia, Fanming. Kong Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) predominantly affects the elderly since its incidence and mortality rates skyrocket beyond the age [...]

The full importance of vitamin C in reaching and maintaining optimal health remains largely unappreciated by most traditional health care practitioners. Certainly, it is widely appreciated that vitamin C is [...]

ABSTRACT Belite-ye'elimite-ferrite (BYF) cement was prepared by coupled B/Na and B/Ba doping. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) shows that both of the coupled doping methods stabilized the [[alpha]'.sub.H]-belite, and promoted the formation [...]

Byline: Ruby. Dhar, Ashikh. Seethy, Sunil. Singh, Karthikeyan. Pethusamy, Tryambak. Srivastava, Joyeeta. Talukdar, Goura. Rath, Subhradip. Karmakar Immunotherapy is a treatment that uses specific components of a person's immune system [...]

ABSTRACT The introduction of titanium dioxide within glass reinforced concrete panels is optimized in order to fabricate commercially affordable photocatalytic facades. A double projection method, easily scalable, that facilitates the [...]

2020 JUN 13 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Current study results on Oncology - Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer have been [...]

2019 DEC 14 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Research findings on Oncology - Prostate Cancer are discussed in a new [...]

2019 NOV 23 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Fresh data on Oncology - Gastric Cancer are presented in a new [...]

2019 JUL 13 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- A new study on Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions - Diabetic [...]

2019 APR 20 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- A new study on Liver Diseases and Conditions - Hepatitis C Virus [...]

2019 APR 20 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Researchers detail new data in Drugs and Therapies - Neurotherapeutics. According to [...]

2019 FEB 7 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Women's Health Weekly -- Fresh data on Diet and Nutrition - High Fat Diet are presented in a [...]

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is an acute therapy for critically ill patients. There are many life-threatening complications that can occur; therefore, it is imperative that nurses are highly trained in the use and troubleshooting of CRRT. A structured simulation exercise was added to an existing CRRT education program by developing and implementing an annual assessment of knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) using high-fidelity simulation. The use of high-fidelity simulation as an intervention during annual evaluation of KSAs was shown to be effective in increasing nurse satisfaction, understanding of CRRT principles, and critical thinking skills with the operation of CRRT. Key Words: Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), high-fidelity simulation, nurse satisfaction, critical thinking skills., Goal To describe a project that added high-fidelity continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) simulation to an existing education program that enhanced knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) of adult intensive care [...]

ABSTRACT The mechanical behaviour of laminated glass is strongly influenced by the coupling capability of interlayer that, in turn, depends on the shear modulus of the polymer. An accurate determination [...]

2018 OCT 20 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- A new study on Cardiovascular Research is now available. According to news [...]