Search

For decade's workers who carried heavy loads or maintained static body positions with such loads for extended periods developed musculoskeletal problems. In the past 20 years of research, the connections between specific job tasks and Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD's) the study of ergonomics have been established. Ergonomics has become a significant contribution to the working environment to achieve or to complete the allotted work on time duration with perfection. As the participation of all workers from higher end to lower end coordination with the planning of intervention can create a suitable means of work in the industry. Some of the operational problems like repetitive work, weight lift, back, neck, shoulder due to continuous sitting and standing may create fatigue, so we need to find some solutions for all these problems. This paper mainly aims at observing and analyzing the problems faced by workers who are working in the manufacturing industry continuously for longer durations. The workers using awkward postures leads to a few Muscular Skeletal Disorders (MSD's) which is the problem to the working environment? Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders are main workers' health issues and an economic problem in all fields. Also explain the cost-benefit gives result of organizational level ergonomic workplace-based interventions, To overcome MSD's which is analyzed by using available software such as RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) explore factors related to the implementation process by creating awareness of ergonomic aspects interventions to lively wood of workers life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses a method for determining nonlinear aerodynamic characteristics of three-dimensional lifting systems with high aspect ratio. It is shown that the method can also be applied to analysis of critical flow regime. The solution algorithm is based on an iterative procedure which allows one to obtain stable averaged solution even for the critical regimes of separated flow. The solution agrees well with the available experimental data. The method for determining nonlinear aerodynamic characteristics is formulated using the statements of the discrete-vortex method and lifting line nonlinear theory. The performance of the method is demonstrated using examples of a free-to-roll wing of finite span and a two-blade propeller for various flow regimes including separated flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Architectural culture of the archipelago is closely related to oral culture, which is obtained from direct experience and develops into a culture. The tradition of house-lifting is one of the architectural cultures that grows orally. There is no theoretical rule that governs the course of these activities. The existing rules only relate to cultural rules, namely rituals in the process of raising a house, as well as the value of gotong royong which is strengthened in this activity. As a region develops, house-lifting activities become difficult to do so that these activities are increasingly being carried out. In architecture, the stage of understanding before implementation is needed for a desired result. The tradition of lifting a house is an architectural culture that does not go through a mature understanding stage before the implementation stage. Usually the perpetrators of the tradition of house-lifting directly enter the preparation stage, where the preparation stage has been combined with the stage of understanding and solving problems at once spontaneously. So sometimes there are obstacles in its implementation. Therefore, this research was conducted in order to be an effort to preserve the architectural culture that exists in Indonesia, namely the tradition of house-lifting. By doing a thorough understanding stage, the obstacles that occur can be estimated and can be resolved before dealing directly with problems that are in the implementation stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, this study explored the distribution of girls' and boys' body image and body management practices (e.g., dieting to lose weight or weight lifting to build muscle) by ethnicity, including Latino subgroups, and acculturation. Although few differences were identified between Latino subgroups, Unacculturated Mexican boys and Unacculturated Other Latina girls had lower body image relative to Whites. In addition, Mexican boys, regardless of acculturation level, and Unacculturated Cuban boys were more likely than White boys to be trying to lose weight. Mexican girls, regardless of acculturation level, and Unacculturated Cuban and Puerto Rican girls were more likely than White girls to be trying to gain weight. Finally, Acculturated Mexican and Puerto Rican boys were more likely than White boys to be trying to maintain their weight. These results highlight the importance of separately examining Latino subgroups and taking into account levels of acculturation. Gender differences previously identified in non-Latino or aggregated Latino samples were replicated in the Latino subgroups in this sample. Proportions of adolescents in each Latino subgroup and other ethnic group engaging in specific body management methods are provided. Dieting and exercising were the most common methods of weight loss and maintenance for girls and boys. Exercise and weightlifting were the most common methods used by boys to gain weight or build muscle, whereas dieting and exercise were the most common methods used by girls to gain weight or build muscle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of squatting in a common, in a knee-shifted position and in an inclined position (3 cm heel lift) on joint loading. 16 male subjects were tested during squatting with an additional mass of 20 kg. Kinematic and kinetic recordings were performed by two force platforms (AMTI) and a ten infrared camera system (VICON). Inverse dynamics were calculated using a recursive multibody algorithm. Results showed significantly higher ankle dorsiflexion moments as well as higher knee varus moments for the knee-shifted performance. Due to the higher load on the ankle and the knee joint the knee-shifted variation should be avoided in squat training. The inclination of 3 cm does not lead to alterations of the joint moments and therefore does not lead to beneficial effects with respect to joint loading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Athletes may not always consider footwear when performing the barbell back squat during training. Several footwear companies have designed shoes claimed to enhance performance in weightlifting and powerlifting. The purpose of this study was to compare the kinematics of the barbell back squat wearing either running shoes (RS) or weightlifting shoes (WLS). Young, healthy active adult males (N=20) were filmed in the sagittal plane while performing barbell back squats for each shoe condition at an intensity of 60% of one repetition maximum (1RM). While a number of kinematic parameters were similar between conditions, the shank maintained a more vertical position and the bar and hip were displaced less when wearing WLS, suggesting a more erect trunk posture. WLS may make small changes that allow for a safer, more effective squat performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]