Search

This volume constitutes revised selected papers from the four workshops collocated with the 19th International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods, SEFM 2021, held virtually during December 6–10, 2021.The 21 contributed papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 29 submissions. The book also contains 3 invited talks.SEFM 2021 presents the following four workshops:CIFMA 2021 - 3rd International Workshop on Cognition: Interdisciplinary Foundations, Models and Applications;CoSim-CPS 2021 - 5th Workshop on Formal Co-Simulation of Cyber-Physical Systems;OpenCERT 2021 - 10th International Workshop on Open Community approaches to Education, Research and Technology;ASYDE 2021 - 3rd International Workshop on Automated and verifiable Software sYstem Development.Due to the Corona pandemic this event washeld virtually.

This volume constitutes the revised selected papers from the three workshops collocated with the 18th International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods, SEFM 2020, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in September 2020. The 15 full papers presented together with 8 short papers in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 35 submissions. The contributions that are collected in this volume have been selected from the presentations at the following workshops: ASYDE 2020: Second International Workshop on Automated and Verifiable Software System Development; CIFMA 2020: Second International Workshop on Cognition: Interdisciplinary Foundations, Models and Applications; and CoSim-CPS 2020: Fourth International Workshop on Formal Co-Simulation of Cyber-Physical Systems. Due to the Corona pandemic this event was held virtually.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the Second International Conference on Rough Sets and Current Trends in Computing, RSCTC 2000, held in Banff, Canada in October 2000.The 80 revised papers presented together with an introduction and three keynote presentations have gone through two rounds of reviewing and revision. The papers are organized in topical sections on granual computing, rough sets and systems, fuzzy sets and systems, rough sets and data mining, nonclassical logics and reasoning, pattern recognition and image processing, neural networks and genetic algorithms, and current trends in computing.

In recent years, autonomous robots, including Xavier, Martha [1], Rhino [2,3], Minerva,and Remote Agent, have shown impressive performance in long-term demonstrations. In NASA's Deep Space program, for example, an - tonomous spacecraft controller, called the Remote Agent [5], has autonomously performed a scienti?c experiment in space. At Carnegie Mellon University, Xavier [6], another autonomous mobile robot, navigated through an o?ce - vironment for more than a year, allowing people to issue navigation commands and monitor their execution via the Internet. In 1998, Minerva [7] acted for 13 days as a museum tourguide in the Smithsonian Museum, and led several thousand people through an exhibition. These autonomous robots have in common that they rely on plan-based c- trol in order to achieve better problem-solving competence. In the plan-based approach, robots generate control actions by maintaining and executing a plan that is e?ective and has a high expected utility with respect to the robots'c- rent goals and beliefs. Plans are robot control programs that a robot can not only execute but also reason about and manipulate [4]. Thus, a plan-based c- troller is able to manage and adapt the robot's intended course of action — the plan — while executing it and can thereby better achieve complex and changing tasks.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the second International Conference on Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems, Living Machines 2013, held in London, UK, in July/August 2013. The 65 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from various submissions. The papers are targeted at the intersection of research on novel live-like technologies inspired by scientific investigation of biological systems, biomimetics, and research that seeks to interface biological and artificial systems to create biohybrid systems

Joe Engelberger, the pioneer of the robotics industry, wrote in his 1989 book Robotics in Service that the inspiration to write his book came as a reaction to an industry-sponsored forecast study of robot applications, which predicted that in 1995 applications of robotics outside factories - the traditional domain of industrial robots - would amount to less than 1% of total sales. Engelberger believed that this forecast was very wrong, and instead predicted that the non-industrial class of robot applications would become the largest class. Engelbergers prediction has yet to come to pass. However, he did correctly foresee the growth in non-traditional applications of robots. Robots are now beginning to march from the factories and into field and service applications. This book presents a selection of papers from the first major international conference dedicated to field and service applications of robotics. This selection includes papers from the leading research laboratories in the world together with papers from companies that are building and selling new and innovative robotic technology. It describes interesting aspects of robots in the field ranging from mining, agriculture, construction, cargo handling, subsea operations, removal of landmines, to terrestrial exploration. It also covers a diverse range of service applications, such as cleaning, propagating plants and aiding the elderly and handicapped, and gives considerable attention to the technology required to realise robust, reliable and safe robots.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems, Living Machines 2017, held in Stanford, CA, USA, in July 2017.The 42 full and 19 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 63 submissions. The theme of the conference encompasses biomimetic methods for manufacture, repair and recycling inspired by natural processes such as reproduction, digestion, morphogenesis and metamorphosis.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems, Living Machines 2016, held in Edinburgh, UK, in July 2016. The 34 full and 27 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 63 submissions.The theme of the conference encompasses biomimetic methods for manufacture, repair and recycling inspired by natural processes such as reproduction, digestion, morphogenesis and metamorphosis.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the Third International Conference on Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems, Living Machines 2014, held in Milan, Italy, in July/August 2014. The 31 full papers and 27 extended abstracts included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 62 submissions. The topics covered are brain based systems, active sensing, soft robotics, learning, memory, control architectures, self-regulation, movement and locomotion, sensory systems and perception.

In October of last year experts from different research disciplines, like control engineering, systems engineering, sociology, art, philosophy, and politics met in Krems (Austria) to discuss the interplay between recent developments in automation and the culture and social framework, with special emphasis on the approaches in the East and the West. Main topics of these intensive discussions were technology design, automation software and culture, social conditions, education, computer and art, design of man-machine-systems, CIM and culture as well as appropriate methods for interdisciplinary research. A selection of papers presented at this conference can be found in this volume.

This book is primarily a research monograph that presents in a unified man­ ner some recent research on a class of hybrid dynamical systems (HDS). The book is intended both for researchers and advanced postgraduate stu­ dents working in the areas of control engineering, theoretical computer science, or applied mathematics and with an interest in the emerging field of hybrid dynamical systems. The book assumes competence in the basic mathematical techniques of modern control theory. The material presented in this book derives from a period of fruitful research collaboration between the authors that began in 1994 and is still ongoing. Some of the material contained herein has appeared as isolated results in journal papers and conference proceedings. This work presents this material in an integrated and coherent manner and also presents many new results. Much of the material arose from joint work with students and colleagues, and the authors wish to acknowledge the major contributions made by Ian Petersen, Efstratios Skafidas, Valery Ugrinovskii, David Cook, Iven Mareels, and Bill Moran. There is currently no precise definition of a hybrid dynamical system; however, in broad terms it is a dynamical system that involves a mixture of discrete-valued and continuous-valued variables. Since the early 1990s, a bewildering array of results have appeared under the umbrella of HDS, ranging from the analysis of elementary on-off control systems to sophis­ ticated mathematical logic-based descriptions of large real-time software systems.

The purpose of this annual series, Applied and Computational Control, Signals, and Circuits, is to keep abreast of the fast-paced developments in computational mathematics and scientific computing and their increasing use by researchers and engineers in control, signals, and circuits. The series is dedicated to fostering effective communication between mathematicians, computer scientists, computational scientists, software engineers, theorists, and practicing engineers. This interdisciplinary scope is meant to blend areas of mathematics (such as linear algebra, operator theory, and certain branches of analysis) and computational mathematics (numerical linear algebra, numerical differential equations, large scale and parallel matrix computations, numerical optimization) with control and systems theory, signal and image processing, and circuit analysis and design. The disciplines mentioned above have long enjoyed a natural synergy. There are distinguished journals in the fields of control and systems the­ ory, as well as signal processing and circuit theory, which publish high quality papers on mathematical and engineering aspects of these areas; however, articles on their computational and applications aspects appear only sporadically. At the same time, there has been tremendous recent growth and development of computational mathematics, scientific comput­ ing, and mathematical software, and the resulting sophisticated techniques are being gradually adapted by engineers, software designers, and other scientists to the needs of those applied disciplines.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Conference on Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems, Living Machines 2012, held in Barcelona, Spain, in July 2012. The 28 full papers and 33 extended abstracts presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in this book. The conference addresses themes related to the development of future real-world technologies which will depend strongly on our understanding and harnessing of the principles underlying living systems and the flow of communication signals between living and artificial systems.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Evolutionary Robotics, ER 2001, held in Tokyo, Japan, in October 2001.The seven revised full papers by the invited speakers Rodney A. Brooks, Dario Floreano, Robert J. Full, Inman Harvey, Owen Holland, Francesco Mondada, and Jordan B. Pollack were carefully selected and revised for presentation in the book. Among the topics addressed are imitation of life and machine consciousness, autonomous vision-based robots, evolved robots, living machines, artificial evolution, bioinspired artificial life locomotion, and mobile robotic systems engineering.

Apply best practices for deploying and administering HCL Workload automation (HWA) to meet the automation requirements of the digitally transformed platform. This book will provide detailed architecture and deployment options to achieve this goal.Workload automation focuses on real-time processing, predefined event-driven triggers, and situational dependencies. It offers centralized control of managing multiple tasks, making it possible to schedule enterprise-wide tasks. You'll see how it supports the timely completion of tasks and is beneficial for processes that need to happen at a specific time or need to occur as a result of another event. HWA increases efficiency, reduces the turnaround time for workflows, and reduces errors along with delays in end-to-end processes. You'll review proven ways to deliver batch optimization and modernization requirements, and see how solutions can be aligned with the DevSecOps delivery model. Workload Automation Using HWA presents information on how to use the tool and has numerous use cases and implementation procedures to guide every workload automation deployment requirement. ​What You'll LearnAutomate and integrate your complex workload, workflow, and business processes across automation platforms, ERP systems, and business applicationsUnderstand event-driven batch automationPractice alignment of the workload automation solution with the DevSecOps principlesWho This Book Is ForSolution Architects, Infrastructure Architects, Technical Architects, Enterprise Architects, Workload Automation Tool Administrators or SME's, Schedulers, Application owners, Automation Specialists, Service Delivery Managers

This book discusses various applications of machine learning using a new approach, the dynamic wavelet fingerprint technique, to identify features for machine learning and pattern classification in time-domain signals. Whether for medical imaging or structural health monitoring, it develops analysis techniques and measurement technologies for the quantitative characterization of materials, tissues and structures by non-invasive means. Intelligent Feature Selection for Machine Learning using the Dynamic Wavelet Fingerprint begins by providing background information on machine learning and the wavelet fingerprint technique. It then progresses through six technical chapters, applying the methods discussed to particular real-world problems. Theses chapters are presented in such a way that they can be read on their own, depending on the reader's area of interest, or read together to provide a comprehensive overview of the topic. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to practitioners, engineers and researchers seeking to leverage the latest advances in machine learning in order to develop solutions to practical problems in structural health monitoring, medical imaging, autonomous vehicles, wireless technology, and historical conservation.

Scholarpedia's Encyclopedia of Touch provides a comprehensive collection of peer-reviewed articles written by leading researchers, detailing our current scientific understanding of tactile sensing and its neural substrates in animals including humans. The encyclopedia allows ideas and insights to be shared between researchers working on different aspects of touch and in different species, including research in synthetic touch systems. In addition, this encyclopedia raises awareness of research in tactile sensing and increases scientific and public interest in the field.The articles address subjects including tactile control, whiskered robots, vibrissal coding, the molecular basis of touch, invertebrate mechanoreception, fingertip transducers and tactile sensing.All the articles in this encyclopedia provide in-depth and state-of-the-art scholarly treatment of the academic topics concerned, making it an excellent reference work for academics, professionals and students.

It has been stated in psychology that human brain arranges information in a way that improves efficiency in performing common tasks, for example, information about our spatial environment is conveniently structured for efficient route finding. On the other hand, in computational sciences, the use of hierarchical information is well known for reducing the complexity of solving problems. This book studies hierarchical representations of large-scale space and presents a new model, called Multi-AH-graph, that uses multiple hierarchies of abstraction. It allows an agent to represent structural information acquired from the environment (elements such as objects, free space, etc., relations existing between them, such as proximity, similarity, etc. and other types of information, such as colors, shapes, etc). The Multi-AH-graph model extends a single hierarchy representation to a mUltiple hierarchy arrangement, which adapts better to a wider range of tasks, agents, and environments. We also present a system called CLAUDIA, which is an implementation of the task-driven paradigm for automatic construction of multiple abstractions: a set of hierarchies of abstraction will be'good'for an agent if it can reduce the cost of planning and performing certain tasks of the agent in the agent's world. CLAUDIA constructs multiple hierarchies (Multi-AH-graphs) for a given triple, trying to optimize their'goodness'.

The genesis of this volume was the participation of the editors in an ACMlSIGIR (Association for Computing Machinery/Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval) workshop entitled'Beyond Word Relations'(Hetzler, 1997). This workshop examined a number of relationship types with significance for information retrieval beyond the conventional topic-matching relationship. From this shared participation came the idea for an edited volume on relationships, with chapters to be solicited from researchers and practitioners throughout the world. Ultimately, one volume became two volumes. The first volume, Relationships in the Organization of Knowledge (Bean & Green, 200 I), examines the role of relationships in knowledge organization theory and practice, with emphasis given to thesaural relationships and integration across systems, languages, cultures, and disciplines. This second volume examines relationships in a broader array of contexts. The two volumes should be seen as companions, each informing the other. As with the companion volume, we are especially grateful to the authors who willingly accepted challenges of space and time to produce chapters that summarize extensive bodies of research. The value of the volume clearly resides in the quality of the individual chapters. In naming this volume The Semantics of Relationships: An Interdisciplinary Perspective, we wanted to highlight the fact that relationships are not just empty connectives. Relationships constitute important conceptual units and make significant contributions to meaning.

Robots in groups or colonies can exhibit an enormous variety and richness of behaviors which cannot be observed with singly autonomous systems. Of course, this is analogous to the amazing variety of group animal behaviors which can be observed in nature. In recent years more and more investigators have started to study these behaviors. The studies range from classifications and taxonomies of behaviors, to development of architectures which cause such group activities as flocking or swarming, and from emphasis on the role of intelligent agents in such groups to studies of learning and obstacle avoidance. There used to be a time when many robotics researchers would question those who were interested in working with teams of robots: `Why are you worried about robotic teams when it's hard enough to just get one to work?'. This issue responds to that question. Robot Colonies provides a new approach to task problem-solving that is similar in many ways to distributed computing. Multiagent robotic teams offer the possibility of spatially distributed parallel and concurrent perception and action. A paradigm shift results when using multiple robots, providing a different perspective on how to carry out complex tasks. New issues such as interagent communications, spatial task distribution, heterogeneous or homogeneous societies, and interference management are now central to achieving coordinated and productive activity within a colony. Fortunately mobile robot hardware has evolved sufficiently in terms of both cost and robustness to enable these issues to be studied on actual robots and not merely in simulation. Robot Colonies presents a sampling of the research in this field. While capturing a reasonable representation of the most important work within this area, its objective is not to be a comprehensive survey, but rather to stimulate new research by exposing readers to the principles of robot group behaviors, architectures and theories. Robot Colonies is an edited volume of peer-reviewed original research comprising eight invited contributions by leading researchers. This research work has also been published as a special issue of Autonomous Robots (Volume 4, Number 1).

The content of this book is an information model for technical drawings, the so-called'Drafting Model'. The Drafting Model is a part of a complex information model describing product definition data, their applications and their representations. The definition of the information model is a central component of the development of STEP, a future international standard for the exchange of product defmition data. Here the Drafting Model particularly encloses descriptions for the representations of organizational drawing data, tolerances, dimensions and surface attributes such as surface fmish symbols (a survey of the whole content is shown in the figure above). Additional to that requirements for the Presentation Model concerning the representation of geometry as well as the integration process for both the Drafting and the Presentation Models are formulated. The extent of the Drafting Model is restricted to the application area'Mechanical Engineering'. Within the Drafting Model the annotation representations are described on the one hand informally and on the other hand formally using a high level language for information modeling, EXPRESS. Principally the representations of the annotation are described according to the international drawing standards. Thus the semantics pertinent to the specific graphical appearance are maintained. The data structures provide formal descriptions of annotations at a high generation level, which means that a'way'is defmed how to generate these annotations.

In March 2002, the Naval Research Laboratory brought together leading researchers and government sponsors for a three-day workshop in Washington, D.C. on Multi-Robot Systems. The workshop began with presentations by various government program managers describing application areas and programs with an interest in multi­ robot systems. Government representatives were on hand from the Office of Naval Research, the Air Force, the Army Research Lab, the National Aeronau­ tics and Space Administration, and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Top researchers then presented their current activities in the areas of multi­ robot systems and human-robot interaction. The first two days of the workshop of1ocalizatio~. concentrated on multi-robot control issues, including the topics mapping, and navigation; distributed surveillance; manipulation; coordination and formations; and sensors and hardware. The third day was focused on hu­ man interactions with multi-robot teams. All presentations were given in a single-track workshop format. This proceedings documents the work presented by these researchers at the workshop. The invited presentations were followed by panel discussions, in which all participants interacted to highlight the challenges of this field and to develop possible solutions. In addition to the invited research talks, students were given an opportunity to present their work at poster sessions.

Automation is nothing new to industry. It has a long tradition on the factory floor, where its constant objective has been to increase the productivity of manufacturing processes. Only with the advent of computers could the focus of automation widen to include administrative and information-handling tasks. More recently, automation has been extended to the more intellectual tasks of production planning and control, material and resource planning, engineering design, and quality control. New challenges arise in the form of flexible manu­ facturing, assembly automation, and automated floor vehicles, to name just a few. The sheer complexity of the problems as well as the state of the art has led scientists and engineers to concentrate on issues that could easily be isolated. For example, it was much simpler to build CAD systems whose sole objective was to ease the task of drawing, rather than to worry at the same time about how the design results could be interfaced with the manufacturing or assembly processes. It was less problematic to gather statistics from quality control and to print reports than to react immediately to first hints of irregularities by inter­ facing with the designers or manufacturing control, or, even better, by auto­ matically diagnosing the causes from the design and planning data. A heav- though perhaps unavoidable - price must today be paid whenever one tries to assemble these isolated solutions into a larger, integrated system.

For the second time the International Workshop on Responsive Com­ puter Systems has brought together a group of international experts from the fields of real-time computing, distributed computing, and fault­ tolerant systems. The two day workshop met at the splendid facilities at the KDD Research and Development Laboratories at Kamifukuoka, Saitama, in Japan on October 1 and 2, 1992. The program included a keynote address, a panel discussion and, in addition to the opening and closing session, six sessions of submitted presentations. The keynote address'The Concepts and Technologies of Depend­ able and Real-time Computer Systems for Shinkansen Train Control'covered the architecture of the computer control system behind a very responsive, i. e., timely and reliable, transport system-the Shinkansen Train. It has been fascinating to listen to the operational experience with a large fault-tolerant computer application.'What are the Key Paradigms in the Integration of Timeliness and Reliability?'was the topic of the lively panel discussion. Once again the pro's and con's of the time-triggered versus the event-triggered paradigm in the design of a real-time systems were discussed. The eighteen submitted presentations covered diverse topics about important issues in the design of responsive systems and a session on progress reports about leading edge research projects. Lively discussions characterized both days of the meeting. This volume contains the revised presentations that incorporate some of the discussions that occurred during the meeting.

Like quantum computing or DNA computing, membrane computing is an unconventional model of computation associated with a new computing paradigm. The field of membrane computing was initiated in 1998 by the author of this book; it is a branch of natural computing inspired by the structure and functioning of the living cell and devises distributed parallel computing models in the form of membrane systems, also called P systems.This book is the first monograph surveying the new field in a systematic and coherent way. It presents the central notions and results: the main classes of P systems, the main results about their computational power and efficiency, a complete bibliography, and a series of open problems and research topics. Thus, the book is indispensible reading for anybody interested in molecular computing.

Face Image Analysis by Unsupervised Learning explores adaptive approaches to image analysis. It draws upon principles of unsupervised learning and information theory to adapt processing to the immediate task environment. In contrast to more traditional approaches to image analysis in which relevant structure is determined in advance and extracted using hand-engineered techniques, Face Image Analysis by Unsupervised Learning explores methods that have roots in biological vision and/or learn about the image structure directly from the image ensemble. Particular attention is paid to unsupervised learning techniques for encoding the statistical dependencies in the image ensemble. The first part of this volume reviews unsupervised learning, information theory, independent component analysis, and their relation to biological vision. Next, a face image representation using independent component analysis (ICA) is developed, which is an unsupervised learning technique based on optimal information transfer between neurons. The ICA representation is compared to a number of other face representations including eigenfaces and Gabor wavelets on tasks of identity recognition and expression analysis. Finally, methods for learning features that are robust to changes in viewpoint and lighting are presented. These studies provide evidence that encoding input dependencies through unsupervised learning is an effective strategy for face recognition. Face Image Analysis by Unsupervised Learning is suitable as a secondary text for a graduate-level course, and as a reference for researchers and practitioners in industry.

This textbook results from a series of lectures concerning autonomous mobile robots which have been held at the University of Kaiserslautern - tween 1999 and 2009. Methods and algorithms are introduced which can be used for developing complex autonomous land vehicles. Starting from hist- ical remarks and application areas of service robots, the vehicle kinematics modeling is introduced and examples of the drive kinematics of di?erent vehicles are given. Thereafter, typical sensors and sensor systems are - scribed which are used to determine the internal state of the machine and its operational environment. Localization, i. e the determination where the robot is, is still a di?cult problem. In the textbook, several methods are discussed which can be used under speci?c preconditions. Map building as well as navigation strategies complement the set of basic methods. The last two chapters deal with the questions of how to compile the above mentioned methods using powerful control architecture and what frameworks to use to support the development process. This textbook is written for beginners and advanced students from the?elds of computer science, mechanical engineering, and electrical engine- ing, specializing in autonomous mobile systems. The book is also suited for engineers with a special interest in the development of wheel driven service robots. The writing of the manuscript was only possible with the assistance of several researchers of our Robotics Research Lab. Special thanks to Seb- tian Blank, Tim Braun, and Martin Proetzsch for proof-reading and editing.

In 1986, B.K.P. Horn published a book entitled Robot Vision, which actually discussed a wider?eld of subjects, basically addressing the?eld of computer vision, but introducing “robot vision” as a technical term. Since then, the - teraction between computer vision and research on mobile systems (often called “robots”, e.g., in an industrial context, but also including vehicles, such as cars, wheelchairs, tower cranes, and so forth) established a diverse area of research, today known as robot vision. Robot vision (or, more general, robotics) is a fast-growing discipline, already taught as a dedicated teaching program at university level. The term “robot vision” addresses any autonomous behavior of a technical system supported by visual sensoric information. While robot vision focusses on the vision process, visual robotics is more directed toward control and automatization. In practice, however, both?elds strongly interact. Robot Vision 2008 was the second international workshop, counting a 2001 workshop with identical name as the?rst in this series. Both workshops were organized in close cooperation between researchers from New Zealand and Germany, and took place at The University of Auckland, New Zealand. Participants of the 2008 workshop came from Europe, USA, South America, the Middle East, the Far East, Australia, and of course from New Zealand.

No matter what your perspective is, what your goals are, or how experienced you are, Artificial Life research is always a learning experience. The variety of phe­ nomena that the people who gathered in Lausanne reported and discussed for the fifth time since 1991 at the European Conference on Artificial Life (ECAL) has not been programmed, crafted, or assembled by analytic design. It has evolved, emerged, or appeared spontaneously from a process of artificial evolution, se- organisation, or development. Artificial Life is a field where biological and artificial sciences meet and blend together, where the dynamics of biological life are reproduced in the memory of computers, where machines evolve, behave, and communicate like living organ­ isms, where complex life-like entities are synthesised from electronic chromo­ somes and artificial chemistries. The impact of Artificial Life in science, phi­ losophy, and technology is tremendous. Over the years the synthetic approach has established itself as a powerful method for investigating several complex phenomena of life. From a philosophical standpoint, the notion of life and of in­ telligence is continuously reformulated in relation to the dynamics of the system under observation and to the embedding environment, no longer a privilege of carbon-based entities with brains and eyes. At the same time, the possibility of engineering machines and software with life-like properties such as evolvability, self-repair, and self-maintainance is gradually becoming reality, bringing new perspectives in engineering and applications.

Anticipatory behavior in adaptive learning systems is steadily gaining the - terest of scientists, although many researchers still do not explicitly consider the actual anticipatory capabilities of their systems. Similarly to the previous two workshops, the third workshop on anticipatory behavior in adaptive lea- ing systems (ABiALS 2006) has shown yet again that the similarities between di?erent anticipatory mechanisms in diverse cognitive systems are striking. The discussions and presentations on the workshop day of September 30th, 2006, during the Simulation of Adaptive Behavior Conference (SAB 2006), con?rmed that the investigations into anticipatory cognitive mechanisms for behavior and learning strongly overlap among researchers from various disciplines, including the whole interdisciplinary cognitive science area. Thus, further conceptualizations of anticipatory mechanisms seem man- tory. The introductory chapter of this volume therefore does not only provide an overview of the contributions included in this volume but also proposes a taxonomy of how anticipatory mechanisms can improve adaptive behavior and learning in cognitive systems. During the workshop it became clear that ant- ipations are involved in various cognitive processes that range from individual anticipatory mechanisms to social anticipatory behavior. This book re?ects this structure by?rst providing neuroscienti?c as well as psychological evidence for anticipatorymechanismsinvolvedinbehavior,learning,language,andcognition. Next,individualpredictivecapabilitiesandanticipatorybehaviorcapabilitiesare investigated. Finally, anticipation relevant in social interaction is studied.

The ability to draw inferences is a central operation in any artificial intelligence system. Automated reasoning is therefore among the traditional disciplines in AI. Theory reasoning is about techniques for combining automated reasoning systems with specialized and efficient modules for handling domain knowledge called background reasoners.Connection methods have proved to be a good choice for implementing high-speed automated reasoning systems. They are the starting point in this monograph,in which several theory reasoning versions are defined and related to each other. A major contribution of the book is a new technique of linear completion allowing for the automatic construction of background reasoners from a wide range of axiomatically given theories. The emphasis is on theoretical investigations, but implementation techniques based on Prolog are also covered.

For more than three decades, Anders Lindquist has delivered fundamental cont- butions to the?elds of systems, signals and control. Throughout this period, four themes can perhaps characterize his interests: Modeling, estimation and?ltering, feedback and robust control. His contributions to modeling include seminal work on the role of splitting subspaces in stochastic realization theory, on the partial realization problem for both deterministic and stochastic systems, on the solution of the rational covariance extension problem and on system identi?cation. His contributions to?ltering and estimation include the development of fast?ltering algorithms, leading to a nonlinear dynamical system which computes spectral factors in its steady state, and which provide an alternate, linear in the dimension of the state space, to computing the Kalman gain from a matrix Riccati equation. His further research on the phase portrait of this dynamical system gave a better understanding of when the Kalman?lter will converge, answering an open question raised by Kalman. While still a student he established the separation principle for stochastic function differential equations, including some fundamental work on optimal control for stochastic systems with time lags. He continued his interest in feedback control by deriving optimal and robust control feedback laws for suppressing the effects of harmonic disturbances. Moreover, his recent work on a complete parameterization of all rational solutions to the Nevanlinna-Pick problem is providing a new approach to robust control design.