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And, in conclusion. Writing an academic paper represent an integral part of the scientific call and is one of the most difficult calls. Search the whole man, engaged all his thoughts, mental and physical strength. At the same time, should bear in mind, that creativity provides joy, and especially scientific research and writing. Bearing in mind the beautiful thoughts of the call of scientists, we think that this call must be deserved, and this is possible only by persistent and consistent scientific research on a certain topic performed by persons who showed talent and interest during the studies in dealing with the scientific work. Old and well-known truth that nothing is created without the diligence and persistence: every great scientific work is the result of personal gift, inspiration, creative verve as well as intensive work, diligent and exceptional effort; great and long-term thinking, from the selection of topics, work-plan, introduction and development of conclusions. Presented conclusion is confirmed with Schopenhauer the differentiation of three types of writers: first that are largest group, writes without thinking: by memory, rewrite directly from others’ books; second group, who are frequent, think while write, they think „they could write“; and the third group, that are rare, they thought before they started to write; they have something to pass on to readers, some experience, a thought. Real writer tends to fall in the last category.

It is no exaggeration to say that for all its progress and transformation, material and spiritual, humanity has to thank first of all science, scientific creativity and research. Without the development of science there can be no progress or prosperity of a country and people. Science is a great ornament as he said a great French thinker Montaigne, who also added that she was at the same time and the tool that helps us surprisingly. Research call one of the highest that man can call himself the desire and choose. Anyone who added on a case even grain amount of knowledge and repository of knowledge that already exists, has done something significant in life. In addition, we should not lose sight of any deep, unalloyed joy that gives each creation, and especially scientific research and writing. Research call one of the toughest calls. It requires the whole man, attracts all his thoughts, and engage all its spiritual and physical strength. Necessary properties of a scientist are extraordinary diligence, strong will and patience, developed the capacity of thinking, intense attention, deep concentration, built habits of discipline and accuracy, broad general culture in a specific scientific area and discipline, and mastery of the methodology and scientific disciplines and fields, and above all the creative imagination.

Discusses the Supreme court ruling in the case Visy Paper Pty. Ltd. versus Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. Overview of the Trade Practices Act of 1974; Facts of the case; Characterization of the arrangements of the parties.

Copyright of Accounting & Finance / Oblìk ì Fìnansi is the property of Institute of Accounting & Finance and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

climate litigation rulings are widely viewed as the ultimate tool to enforce climate compliance. The objective of this paper is to evaluate whether a ruling on climate litigation has an impact on corporate share price and the direction of the effect. Prior work inclination is on the concept of climate law entropy and the recent case ruling on Lufthansa's climate litigation. The methodology is mixed with a review of relevant literature and mini-quantification of value difference using a t-test to analyse difference in mean share price before and after climate litigation ruling on Lufthansa, and finally a formulation of framework. Findings show that unlike previous ubiquitous literature findings, the share price of Lufthansa experienced a significant increase in value after the climate litigation ruling with a significant p-value of less than 0.01 (which indicates high significance level of difference in share price). The paper has practical and theoretical implications, for business law academics and for practitioners. Climate litigation may serve a dual role of enforcing climate law compliance and instilling corporate legitimacy. The paper contributes original value to corporate climate litigation literature by proposing a novel conceptual framework for understanding the diverse differential impact of climate litigation on corporate share price. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the approval of the development of electronic chattel paper (ECP) in the U.S. It states that the permission is triggered by the revision of the Uniform Commercial Code (U.C.C.) Article 9 in 1999. It also explores the regulation imposed by the drafters of the U.C.C. in order to control the risks of ECP.

In July 2007 the English and Scottish Law Commissions published the consultation paper Insurance Law – Non-disclosure and Breach of Warranty (hereafter LCCP) which sets out in detail the Commissions' provisional proposals for the reform of insurance contract law with particular reference to the key areas of utmost good faith, warranties and agency. This article analyses, from a critical standpoint, the LCCP's principal conclusions and recommendations. It begins by noting, as a means of demonstrating that the current reform process should be informed by modern industry practices, that the ways in which modern insurance contracts are concluded differ significantly from those when insurance law was last reviewed by the Law Commission in 1980. The article then discusses the dichotomy between consumer and business insurance given that this distinction underpins the LCCP and its approach towards reforming the pre-contractual duty of good faith. By way of backdrop to the analysis, we consider the approach taken towards reforming the law governing intermediaries acting for prospective assureds during the disclosure process. Finally, the proposed rules for warranties and similar terms are examined. It is argued that the proposal to retain continuing warranties in business insurance contracts will, if implemented, represent a missed opportunity to rid insurance contracts of terms long criticised as draconian and disproportionate in their effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A list of economic research discussed in previous issues of the periodical "Asian-Pacific Economic Literature" is presented. They include a paper by Thee Kian Wie titled "Technology and Indonesia's Industrial Competitiveness" and another paper by Philippa Dee titled "Multinational Corporations and Pacific Regionalism" and another paper by Ross H. McLeod titled "Doing Business in Indonesia: Legal and Bureaucratic Constraints."

This article discusses various issues related to law and theories of overdue negotiable paper. There are three theories of overdue negotiable paper, no one of which has been consistently adopted by the common law. It is consequently difficult, if not impossible, to get either a correct perspective from which to view the cases or an absolute standard by which to measure their correctness. It appears to the article author to be impossible to follow the ordinary method and test the correctness of a case relating to overdue negotiable paper by the application. of the logical deduction and modification of the principles which, underlie the law of negotiable paper before maturity, because to do so would be to condemn almost every case to the limbo of legal error.

Against a background of rising debt levels, this article examines the range of solutions available to a debtor in financial difficulty in Scots law and the recent proposals for reform of bankruptcy law in Scotland brought forward by the Scottish Executive as part of its new approach to debt management and enforcement in Scotland and considers the extent to which they may accord an over-burdened debtor the opportunity for a fresh start. It concludes that while the emphasis on providing appropriate solutions for over-burdened debtors with a view to enabling them to make a fresh start evidenced by these proposals is to be welcomed, they may not yet have struck quite the right balance in this respect. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents information on Samuel Richardson, an author and his plans for contracts as a parliamentary printer. At first, it was assumed that Richardson refers only to official government contracts. The contract involved was enormous—the task included printing not only recent transcriptions but also manuscript records of sessions dating back to 1547, so that Richardson was embroiled for the rest of his life in a massive Shandean catch-up operation that was only nearing completion in 1761, the year of his death, when the proceedings to November 1757 had just appeared.

In the context of the national strategy of the construction of the Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area, the first institutional breakthrough in cross‐border insolvency cooperation between the Chinese Mainland and Hong Kong was achieved on 14 May 2021, and the first case of recognition and assistance in insolvency proceedings in Hong Kong, Re Samson Paper Co Ltd., emerged in judicial practice in December 2021. The judicial practice of Samson not only successfully verifies the great significance of the Record of Meeting and the Opinion for institutional ice‐breaking of cross‐border insolvency cooperation in the Chinese Mainland, but also reflects the practical effects and legislative issues of the above documents on the mechanism of insolvency cooperation between two areas. In view of the problems reflected by the practice of Re Samson Paper Co Ltd. and existing in the legislation, this paper puts forward specific proposals for the cross‐border insolvency cooperation between the Chinese Mainland and Hong Kong, including abolishing the precondition of reciprocity, strengthening exchanges, and cooperation between the two areas on parallel bankruptcy issues, and supplementing the coordination of parallel bankruptcy procedures for cross‐border insolvency. It also proposes domestic legislation on cross‐border insolvency recognition and assistance in China in a point‐by‐point manner, so as to achieve the establishment of a sound cross‐border insolvency cooperation mechanism in line with the international community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Res judicata plays an important role in the management of complex cross-border commercial disputes. Courts and tribunals are increasingly required to grapple with the application of res judicata on the basis of a prior determination from a different, and potentially unfamiliar, legal system. These considerations come even more alive in the context of the ambitious transnational project of the Belt & Road Initiative. This paper critically examines the Singapore Court of Appeal's decision in Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp v Merck KgGA, which offers a cooperative vision of transnational res judicata that strikes a balance between comity and mutual trust between national legal systems, and each system's own sovereign and constitutional responsibilities and interests. The paper also considers the potential influences of Merck's unique transnational vision for the BRI dispute resolution ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the author's comments on the paper "Specialized Supply Firms, Property Right and Firm Boundaries," by Ashish Arora and Robert Merges, which appeared in the 2004 issue of the journal "Industrial and Corporate Change." This paper presents a convincing argument which is supported empirically. The authors have been careful to specify the particular circumstances where the argument applies and do not claim a broader applicability. Under these circumstances, the possibility of strong patent protection to give the scientists control over what they have created makes the contracting option viable. And it is the desirable one for both parties, if the incentive advantages of contracting versus employment are considerable, and the problems of information leakages not too severe. The author wants to congratulate the Arora and Merges for presenting a first-rate verbal argument, strongly supported by a body of empirical evidence. According to him, former modelling in economics is useful and the authors have used it.

Presents the framework for control over electronic chattel paper (ECP) pursuant to Section 9-105 of the Uniform Commercial Code, prepared by the American Bar Association and the Open Group through a joint Working Group of Electronic Financial Assets. Comparison between ECP and tangible chattel papers; Application of control systems engineering to electronic records; Parties that may provide input into the control system; Key factor that could identify non-authoritative copies of a single authoritative copy of ECP.

Copyright of Contemporary Accounting Research is the property of Canadian Academic Accounting Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)