Search

Industrial steam heating is a significant aspect of energy consumption in China, playing a crucial role in industrial energy efficiency. Historically, demand response research has predominantly focused on the electricity sector, with limited emphasis on steam supply. This study explores a novel Time-of-Use pricing approach for steam heating systems, anchored in the demand response theory of price incentives. It develops a peak-valley segmentation method by considering both the load differences between supply and demand and the thermal storage capacity of the pipeline system. Additionally, the paper delves into user response characteristics to formulate an optimized Time-of-Use pricing model for steam heating systems. Implemented in a Jiangsu-based case study, the model demonstrates significant efficiency improvements: it reduces the peak-valley load difference by up to 68.3% and cuts steam purchasing costs by ¥135,000. Furthermore, the alignment between the users' total steam load curve and the heat source's steam supply is enhanced by 18.8%, illustrating the model's effectiveness in balancing demand and supply. • Cluster analysis to extract steam user load characteristics. • Divide peak/valley times based on network storage and user traits. • Create a multi-objective Time-of-Use model for steam pricing optimization. • Carry out a case validation in an actual industrial park in Jiangsu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China, national interconnected power system is a necessary trend for the development of electric power systems. Due to the time lag and temperature difference in different areas, the peak load discrepancy will influence the ratio of the regular components to stochastic components of system loads when power systems in different areas are connected. The power spectral densities of the regular loads and the stochastic ones were analyzed and compared in this paper, and how the load change works on the frequency regulation was also described with illustrations. The conclusion emphasized that primary frequency regulation is still relatively significant to the security of operating a huge interconnected power system, even if the system frequency could be controlled well through secondary regulation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]