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Wastes are the menace for the environment and weeds are one of the major categories of biowaste. They need to be managed properly for the well-being of environment. Sida acuta, also called as wireweed and Artemisia absinthium popularly known as wormwood, are the two major categories of weeds which are serious threat to the main vegetations and for animals as well, as they are toxic. Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquito native to northern Asia is the vector of Japanese encephalitis, one of the concerned diseases declared by World Health Organization (WHO). Japanese encephalitis is endemic in 24 countries, causing 3 billion people at risk and has no fully developed cure. Therefore, the present investigation deals with integrated hand in hand management of weed waste and deadly disease vector with the utilization and blend of nanotechnology. In this study the larvicidal activity of the S. acuta and A. absinthium weeds silver nanoparticles were tested against the Japanese encephalitis vector. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles was confirmed using Ultraviolet Visible (UV-Vis) Spectrophotometry, and peaks were observed at 439.2 nm with S. acuta and 477.6 nm with A. absinthium. The synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were characterized using Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), which depicted their spherical shape. The LC50 values for III instar larvae was found to be 0.121 μg/ml with S. acuta AgNPs and 0.104 μg/ml with AgNPs synthesized from A. absinthium. AgNPs of A. absinthium were found to be more effective larvicide in comparison to another weed taken into study. The study depicts a good strategy for hand in hand weed and deadly disease vector management. Nanolarvicides prepared using these weeds can be used in controlling Japanese encephalitis vector, as well as these can be explored for their larvicidal potential against vectors of other deadly mosquito borne diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rubia cordifolia L. is a widely used traditional medicine in the Indian sub-continent and Eastern Asia. In the present study, the aqueous leaf extract of the R. Cordifolia was used to fabricate silver nanoparticles (RC@AgNPs), following a green synthesis approach. Effect of temperature (60 °C), pH (8), as well the concentration of leaf extract (2 ml) and silver nitrate (2 mM) were optimized for the synthesis of stable RC@AgNPs. The phytofabrication of nanosilver was validated by UV–visible spectral analysis, which displayed a distinctive surface plasmon resonance peak at 432 nm. The effective functional molecules as capping and stabilizing agents, and responsible for the conversion of Ag+ to nanosilver (Ag0) were identified using the FTIR spectra. The spherical RC@AgNPs with an average size of ~ 20.98 nm, crystalline nature, and 61% elemental composition were revealed by TEM, SEM, XRD, and. EDX. Biogenic RC@AgNPs displayed a remarkable anticancer activity against B16F10 (melanoma) and A431 (carcinoma) cell lines with respective IC50 of 36.63 and 54.09 µg/mL, respectively. Besides, RC@AgNPs showed strong antifungal activity against aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus, DNA-binding properties, and DPPH and ABTS free radical inhibition. The presented research provides a potential therapeutic agent to be utilized in various biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]