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Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality and the most frequently diagnosed male malignant disease among men. The manifestation of PCa ranges from indolent to highly aggressive disease and due to this high variation in PCa progression, the diagnosis and subsequent treatment planning can be challenging. The current diagnostic approach with PSA testing and digital rectal examination followed by transrectal ultrasound biopsies lack in both sensitivity and specificity in PCa detection and offers limited information about the aggressiveness and stage of the cancer. Scientific work supports the rapidly growing use of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging as the most sensitive and specific imaging tool for detection, lesion characterization and staging of PCa. Therefore, we carried out an updated review of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnostic PCa reviewing the latest papers published in PubMed., (Copyright © 2019 AEU. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

The population movements during the last decades have resulted in a progressively increasing interest in certain infectious diseases. Eosinophilia is a common finding in immigrants and travellers. One of the most common causes of eosinophilia is helminth infection, and some intestinal protozoa. The aim of this paper is to describe the epidemiological characteristics of cases with eosinophilia and its association with the presence of parasites in the REDIVI data network. This is a multicentre prospective observational study that includes patients diagnosed with eosinophilia registered in the cooperative network for the study of infectious diseases in travellers and immigrants (+REDIVI) from January 2009 to December 2012. A total of 5,255 episodes were recorded in the network during the study period, and eosinophilia was observed in 8.1-31.3% of cases (depending on the immigration group). There were 60.2% men, with a median age of 31years. There were 72.4% immigrants, and 81.2% were asymptomatic. The most commonly identified parasites were S.stercoralis (34.4%), Schistosoma sp. (11.0%), and hookworm (8.6%). The relationship between eosinophilia and parasite infection was significant for all helminths (except for cutaneous larva migrans). The symptoms and duration of the journey did not significantly determine the presence of eosinophilia. In the case of eosinophilia in a person who has lived in helminth endemic areas, it is advisable to carry out targeted studies to diagnose the infection, regardless of immigration type, length of stay, or the presence of symptoms., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. All rights reserved.)

As we move on to the second decade of the 21st century, many changes in education and, particularly, in training future surgeons, have come to pass. Several of these changes are the result of a natural evolution in teaching methods, but others have been dictated by global modifications in the educational and social systems reigning throughout the Western culture. The recent evolution to less aggressive therapy and, in particular, surgical techniques, attests to the desire to decrease patient harm. Laparoscopic surgery, based on less invasive parietal violation and insult, responding to the above-mentioned concerns, has rekindled the debate on patient safety but also has opened the debate on how to best teach the technique. This paper endeavors to describe the problems created by the social and economic changes in the last few decades, to assess the consequences on teaching and learning laparoscopic surgery for the surgeon and to review possible solutions.

This paper describes a provisional framework that could be used to help compare and evaluate activities concerned with reducing the demand for illicit drugs in the European Community. It provides a background to European concern in this field, and comments on some methodological problems that arise regarding evaluation. The overall goal of demand reduction may be attempted through a diverse range of activities--treatment and rehabilitation, reduction of secondary harm arising from drug use, primary prevention, and suppression of drug availability and use--each of which may involve different interventions at different levels of generality and with different subsidiary objectives. Thus it is essential that data for evaluation are collected in terms of a framework where demand reduction activities and their objectives are clearly specified, together with criteria for success or failure, appropriate measures for those criteria and suitable methods to obtain those measures. The paper provides some examples of how this framework could be applied to evaluating attempts to reduce demand for drug through treating addicts, and comments on the use of global measures (indicators) of trends in the demand for drugs. A possible administrative structure for comparing drug demand activities in different countries through a European network on health data is suggested.